ÔN TẬP THI CUỐI HỌC KỲ 2 - MÔN ANH KHỐI 10

UNIT 9 PROTECTING OUR ENVIRONMENT

TEST 1
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Make Earth Smile Again
 The environmental (1)_________ in me urges everyone to take action now. The (2)_________ threatens
our future. The people (3)_________ in coastal areas face immediate dangers from rising sea levels.
This crisis reminds humanity (4)_________ their responsibility. It's high time we (5)_________ over a
new leaf in environmental protection. We prefer taking action today to (6)_________ for tomorrow.
Question 1:A. active B. activist C. activity D. actively
Question 2:A. global warming crisis B. crisis warming global
C. warming global crisis D. warming crisis global
Question 3:A. was lived B. lived C. living D. which lived
Question 4:A. to B. for C. with D. of
Question 5:A. took B. made C. turned D. started
Question 6:A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to waiting
Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Join the Environmental Revolution!
 While some eco-friendly products are expensive, (7)_________ are surprisingly affordable and
accessible. Let's (8)_________ to transform our community into a zero-waste zone! The (9)_________
of our forests requires immediate collective action. (10)_________ climate action, every small change
can create a significant impact. The (11)_________ of industries is crucial for a sustainable future.
(12)_________ of opportunities exist for everyone to contribute to environmental protection.
Question 7:A. another B. other C. the others D. others
Question 8:A. step down B. step up C. step in D. step out
Question 9:A. regeneration B. deterioration C. exploration D. cultivation
Question 10:A. By means of B. In favor of C. With regard to D. In terms of
Question 11:A. digitalization B. diversification C. democratization D. decarbonization
Question 12:A. Much B. Plenty C. Few D. Little
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13:
a. Mike: "Yes, I have! It's a great initiative. I've already started separating my waste into different bins."
b. Sarah: "Hey Mike, have you heard about the new recycling program in our neighborhood?"
c. Sarah: "That's wonderful! You know, I've also started using reusable bags and water bottles to reduce
plastic waste."
A. b-a-c B. a-b-c C. c-a-b D. b-c-a
Question 14:
a. Alex: "That's impressive! I've been exploring vertical gardening in my apartment. Growing my own
vegetables has reduced my plastic packaging waste."
b. Emma: "Alex, have you tried that new app that tracks your carbon footprint?"
c. Emma: "I know, right? It really opened my eyes. I've switched to electric vehicles and solar panels since
then. My energy bills have dropped significantly!"
d. Alex: "Oh yeah! It's amazing how it calculates the environmental impact of everything - from my daily
commute to my online shopping habits."

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e. Emma: "Smart move! Hey, did you hear about the new AI-powered recycling bins downtown?"
A. b-d-c-a-e B. a-b-c-d-e C. c-b-e-d-a D. b-a-d-e-c
Question 15:
Dear Sophia,
a. Our AI-powered waste management system has reduced landfill waste by 45% in just three months!
The digital twin technology we implemented is now successfully monitoring our city's carbon emissions
in real-time.
b. Would you be interested in collaborating on implementing your vertical forest design into our smart
building project?
c. I hope this email finds you well! I'm thrilled to share some exciting updates about our smart city
sustainability project.
d. I believe your innovative approach to urban reforestation would perfectly complement our existing
initiatives.
e. Looking forward to your thoughts!
Best regards,
LK
A. b-d-e-a-c B. a-b-c-d-e C. a-d-b-c-e D. c-a-b-d-e
Question 16:
a. Quantum computing helps scientists predict climate changes accurately, while biotechnology has
introduced innovative solutions like pollution-eating bacteria and self-cleaning materials. These
advances are transforming how we tackle environmental challenges.
b. New technologies continue to emerge in our fight against climate change. From carbon capture systems
to smart energy grids, these innovations offer hope for a greener future.
c. Virtual reality has changed environmental education, letting people experience climate change impacts
firsthand. This technology creates stronger connections to environmental issues, increasing public
awareness and action.
d. Smart cities now use artificial intelligence to monitor carbon emissions in real-time. Blockchain
technology ensures transparency in sustainable practices, making environmental protection more
efficient and trackable than ever before.
e. The combination of technology and environmental protection is creating powerful solutions for our
planet's challenges, proving that innovation is key to sustainability.
A. a-b-c-d-e B. d-a-c-b-e C. b-c-d-a-e D. c-b-a-d-e
Question 17:
a. New recycling systems use quantum technology to sort materials at the molecular level, making waste
management more efficient than ever before.
b. Digital twins and AI ecosystems are transforming environmental protection. Smart sensors now work
with satellites to map global environmental health, enabling quick responses to ecological threats.
c. AI-driven homes now automatically manage energy use and reduce waste, showing how technology and
nature can work together for a sustainable future.
d. The metaverse helps scientists test green solutions virtually before real-world implementation, saving
time and resources while improving success rates.
e. Bioengineered coral reefs help restore marine life, while air-cleaning drones purify urban areas. These
innovations work alongside vertical forests in smart buildings, creating healthier cities.
A. b-c-e-d-a B. b-a-e-d-c C. b-e-a-d-c D. b-d-a-c-e

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Read the following passage about Where Every Individual Becomes a Change Maker and mark the
letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered
blanks from 18 to 22.
The environmental crisis that we face today requires immediate action from every single person on
Earth. Not only does climate change threaten our existence, but it also poses significant risks to countless
species and ecosystems. Living sustainably and reducing our carbon footprint are crucial steps that we must
take to protect our planet, (18)_________. The more we educate ourselves about environmental issues,
(19)_________. Understanding the severity of environmental problems and taking immediate action, we can
create a significant impact on our planet's future. While some people believe that individual actions are
insignificant in the face of global environmental challenges, others argue that collective small changes can
lead to transformative results. Through simple daily actions like reducing plastic usage, conserving energy,
and choosing sustainable transportation methods, individuals can contribute meaningfully to environmental
protection. (20)_________, from implementing recycling programs to supporting renewable energy
initiatives. This growing awareness and commitment to environmental stewardship demonstrate that every
person has the power to be an agent of positive change. (21)_________ from all members of society, making
the green revolution truly a collective journey toward a better future. By adopting sustainable practices and
encouraging others to do the same, (22)_________. Moreover, the integration of technology and
environmental consciousness has opened new avenues for sustainable living, making it easier than ever for
individuals to participate in the green revolution.
Question 18:
A. of which suffered from decades of environmental degradation
B. which has been suffering from decades of environmental degradation
C. which has suffered from decades of environmental degradation
D. that has been suffering from decades of environmental degradation
Question 19:
A. which we become better equipped to make positive changes
B. that we are becoming better equipped to make positive changes
C. the better equipped we become to make positive changes
D. having better equipped we become to make positive changes
Question 20:
A. Communities worldwide increasingly eco-friendly practices embracing are
B. Communities worldwide increasingly embraces eco-friendly practices
C. Communities worldwide are increase embracing eco-friendly practices
D. Communities worldwide are increasingly embracing eco-friendly practices
Question 21:
A. The path to environmental sustainability requires dedication, innovation, and collaboration
B. Environmental sustainability path requires but dedication and innovation
C. The environmental path requires dedication therefore innovation with collaboration
D. Path of environment sustainability needs dedication also innovation also collaboration
Question 22:
A. we can create a ripple effect transformed our relationship with the environment
B. we can create a ripple effect which transforms our relationship with the environment
C. we can create a ripple effect being transformed our relationship with the environment
D. we can create a ripple effect transforming our relationship with the environment
Read the following passage about Understanding Earth's Silent Signals and mark the letter A, B, C or
D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Nature communicates with us through subtle yet profound signals that often go unnoticed in our fast-
paced world. From the gentle swaying of trees before a storm to the unusual behavior of animals preceding
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natural disasters, these silent messages serve as nature's early warning system. Scientists have long observed
how certain species of birds become unusually quiet before earthquakes, while others migrate earlier than
usual when severe weather approaches. These remarkable phenomena demonstrate the intricate connection
between wildlife and environmental changes.
The Earth itself provides numerous indicators of impending changes. For instance, the appearance of
sun dogs—bright spots on either side of the sun—often predicts incoming precipitation or atmospheric
disturbances. Similarly, the formation of specific cloud patterns can forecast weather conditions hours or
even days in advance. These atmospheric signs have guided farmers and sailors for centuries, proving
invaluable for agricultural planning and maritime navigation.
In recent decades, researchers have discovered that plants also respond to environmental stresses in
measurable ways. When experiencing drought, some trees release specific chemical compounds that warn
neighboring plants, creating a sophisticated communication network within forest ecosystems. This
remarkable adaptation ensures the survival of plant communities during challenging conditions.
Furthermore, the presence or absence of certain lichens can indicate air quality levels, making them natural
biomonitors of environmental health.
Understanding these natural signals has become increasingly crucial as we face global
environmental challenges. By paying attention to these subtle indicators, we can better prepare for
environmental changes and work more harmoniously with natural systems. This knowledge not only helps
us predict and adapt to natural phenomena but also reminds us of our fundamental connection to the Earth's
complex web of life.
Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a natural signal in the text?
A. Sun dogs appearing on either side of the sun
B. Birds becoming quiet before earthquakes
C. Volcanic ash patterns in the atmosphere
D. Trees releasing chemical compounds during drought
Question 24: The word “unnoticed” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.
A. ignored B. overlooked C. observed D. missed
Question 25: The word “precipitation” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________.
A. condensation B. evaporation C. temperature D. rainfall
Question 26: The word “them” in paragraph 3 refers to_________.
A. chemical compounds B. lichens C. neighboring plants D. forest ecosystems
Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Recognizing Earth's indicators grows more vital while confronting worldwide ecological issues
B. Learning about weather patterns helps scientists predict future environmental developments
C. Studying natural phenomena provides insights into local climate variations over time
D. Observing environmental changes requires advanced technology and global cooperation
Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Sun dogs appear on both sides of the sun and indicate upcoming changes in air quality levels within
forest ecosystems
B. Birds demonstrate unusual migration patterns before earthquakes, while lichens serve as indicators of
approaching storms
C. Trees release chemical signals to communicate with nearby plants when experiencing drought-related
environmental stress
D. Forest ecosystems rely on cloud patterns to establish sophisticated networks for predicting atmospheric
disturbances
Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer introduce various natural warning signals?
A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 1 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 3

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Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention the importance of understanding natural signals
for environmental adaptation?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 2
Read the following passage about the Your Role in the Planet's Preservation Story and mark the
letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions
from 31 to 40.
In recent decades, the Earth has faced unprecedented environmental challenges that threaten its delicate
ecosystems and the survival of countless species. Climate change, deforestation, and pollution have emerged
as formidable adversaries in our planet's story, serving as a wake-up call for humanity to recognize our role
as contributors to these problems and potential solutions. The time has come for each individual to step
forward and embrace their responsibility as Earth's guardians, understanding that every action can create
ripples of positive change in our global environment.
[I]The concept of environmental stewardship extends far beyond mere conservation efforts; it
encompasses a transformation in how we live, consume, and interact with our planet's resources. [II]From
reducing single-use plastics to embracing renewable energy sources, individuals worldwide are discovering
innovative ways to minimize their ecological footprint. [III]These conscious choices, when multiplied
across communities and nations, have the potential to reverse environmental degradation and foster a
sustainable future for generations to come. [IV]
Education plays a pivotal role in environmental preservation, as informed citizens are more likely to
make environmentally conscious decisions. By sharing knowledge about sustainable practices and raising
awareness about environmental issues, we can create a domino effect of positive change. Communities
around the world are implementing grassroots initiatives, from local recycling programs to urban farming
projects, demonstrating that collective action can yield significant results. These initiatives not only benefit
the environment but also strengthen community bonds.
The path to environmental preservation requires commitment and collaboration across borders,
cultures, and generations. While the challenges we face may seem daunting, history has shown that
humanity possesses remarkable resilience and adaptability. By embracing our role as Earth's guardians and
taking decisive action today, we can help write a new chapter in our planet's story—one of recovery,
renewal, and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The choice to participate in this global
effort lies with each of us.
Question 31: The phrase “wake-up call” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by_________.
A. bring up B. point out C. call out D. alert to
Question 32: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to_________.
A. environmental degradation
B. renewable energy
C. environmental stewardship
D. ecological footprint
Question 33: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?
Technological advancements have made it easier to adopt eco-friendly practices in our daily lives.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to protect the environment?
A. Implementing local recycling programs
B. Installing water filtration systems in homes
C. Reducing single-use plastics
D. Embracing renewable energy sources
Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. Local recycling programs and urban farming projects demonstrate how communities can work together to
achieve environmental preservation goals.
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B. Environmental education leads to sustainable practices through knowledge sharing and community
initiatives that create lasting social connections.
C. Grassroots environmental movements are emerging worldwide as communities recognize the importance
of sustainable development practices.
D. Community-based environmental programs succeed because they combine educational initiatives with
practical implementation strategies.
Question 36: The word “grassroots” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.
A. community-based B. local-level C. top-down D. collaborative
Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Technological advancements have made it more accessible for people to incorporate eco-friendly
practices daily.
B. Local recycling programs and urban farming projects weaken community relationships while helping the
environment.
C. Environmental stewardship focuses solely on conservation efforts without considering resource
consumption patterns.
D. Individual actions have minimal impact on environmental change unless implemented at the
governmental level.
Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. International agreements and cultural exchanges are essential tools for managing environmental
challenges today.
B. Global environmental protection depends on worldwide partnerships and dedicated efforts from diverse
societies over time.
C. Environmental conservation needs support from different countries working together to implement
immediate changes.
D. Modern societies must establish cross-cultural programs to address current environmental preservation
issues.
Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Technological innovations in renewable energy systems have become the primary solution for reversing
all forms of environmental degradation worldwide.
B. Local recycling programs and urban farming projects are more effective at preserving ecosystems than
international environmental agreements.
C. Individual actions in environmental conservation are insignificant unless they are first implemented
through large-scale government policies.
D. Environmental education leads to sustainable practices through increased awareness and informed
decision-making across diverse global communities.
Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. Individual actions combined with community efforts and global collaboration are essential for successful
environmental preservation.
B. Environmental education and technological innovation are the primary solutions to address climate
change and pollution in modern society.
C. The Earth's ecosystems are facing unprecedented challenges that require immediate international policy
changes and regulations.
D. Modern societies must completely transform their consumption patterns to reverse the effects of
environmental degradation.

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 UNIT 10 ECOTOURISM GRADE 10
TEST 1
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Your Sustainable Adventure Awaits
 (1)_________ we welcome conscious travelers to our pristine shores, where nature's wonders await
your discovery. Our magnificent (2)_________ beckons with its ancient mysteries and hidden treasures.
The secluded beaches (3)_________ along crystal-clear waters offer perfect solitude for mindful
travelers. Our experienced guides show traditional customs (4)_________ guests through intimate
village visits. When it comes to exploring this paradise, we believe in (5)_________ the path less
traveled, ensuring minimal impact on our delicate ecosystems. We invite you (6)_________ not just a
visitor but a guardian of this sacred paradise, joining our mission to preserve these natural wonders for
generations to come.
 From sunrise yoga on pristine beaches to twilight walks through ancient forests, every moment here is
designed with sustainability in mind. Let the whispers of nature guide your journey as you discover the
true meaning of responsible travel.
 Contact us today to begin your transformative eco-adventure!
Question 1:A. Sustainability B. Sustainable C. Sustainably D. Sustain
Question 2:A. sanctuary tropical rainforest B. rainforest tropical sanctuary
C. rainforest sanctuary tropical D. tropical rainforest sanctuary
Question 3:A. stretching B. which stretched C. was stretched D. stretched
Question 4:A. for B. to C. with D. in
Question 5:A. taking B. making C. handing D. bringing
Question 6:A. becoming B. to become C. to becoming D. become
Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Discover & Preserve Nature's Wonders
 While some travelers seek typical beach holidays, (7)_________ yearn for extraordinary encounters
with untamed wilderness and rare wildlife. (8)_________ an unforgettable journey through pristine
rainforests, where ancient trees touch the clouds and mysterious creatures roam freely. The remarkable
(9)_________ of these ecosystems will leave you speechless—from colorful tropical birds to elusive big
cats. (10)_________ international conservation standards, our eco-friendly tours ensure minimal
environmental impact while maximizing your adventure. Our passionate (11)_________, with decades
of wilderness expertise, will guide you through hidden trails and share fascinating insights about local
flora and fauna. Marvel at an (12)_________ of endangered species thriving in their protected
sanctuaries, from gentle orangutans to majestic elephants.
 Join us in our mission to protect these precious ecosystems while creating memories that will last a
lifetime. Experience the raw beauty of nature and become part of our global conservation community!
Question 7:A. another B. other C. the others D. others
Question 8:A. Head into B. Set out on C. Go through D. Travel across
Question 9:A. biodiversity B. abundance C. wildlife D. nature
Question 10:A. In spite of B. On account of C. In accordance with D. In view of
Question 11:A. rangers B. explorers C. naturalists D. guides
Question 12:A. amount B. abundance C. multitude D. quantity
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13:
a. Jordan: Six hours? For a 15-second video?
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b. Alex: Hey, check out my new TikTok dance! I've been practicing for 6 hours straight!
c. Alex: Of course! I need it to be perfect. I already have 127 followers, and my last video got 12 likes!
A. a-b-c B. b-a-c C. b-c-a D. c-a-b
Question 14:
a. Emma: Well, I'm on this new diet—I only eat purple foods grown under a full moon, harvested by left-
handed farmers.
b. Mike: The burger comes with pickles…
c. Mike: They have burgers.
d. Emma: Oh no, I can't eat those. My wellness guru says my zodiac sign is only compatible with foods
that start with the letter 'P' this month.
e. Mike: So what are you having?
A. e-a-c-d-b B. e-b-c-d-a C. b-a-d-e-c D. d-e-a-c-b
Question 15:
Dear Sam,
a. By the way, I've finally solved the mystery of my disappearing socks. Apparently, the local squirrels
have been stealing them to make tiny hammocks.
b. Remember how I told you about the mysterious humming sound coming from the old lighthouse? Well,
turns out it wasn't ghost sailors—just Mr. Peterson practicing his didgeridoo at 3 AM because he read
somewhere that it "aligns with the cosmic frequencies."
c. I hope this letter finds you well. Life here in Whispering Pine Village continues to be... interesting.
d. The whole village has synchronized their sleep schedule to his performances now.
e. I'm not even mad—their interior design skills are impressive. They've even color-coordinated my polka-
dot socks with the autumn leaves.
Write back soon,
LK
A. d-c-b-e-a B. a-b-c-d-e C. c-b-d-a-e D. b-a-d-c-e
Question 16:
a. Active community participation plays a vital role. Local residents receive tourism service training and
become enthusiastic environmental protectors of their natural surroundings.
b. Developing ecotourism requires a delicate balance between exploitation and protection. Tourist sites
must implement strict management plans regarding visitor capacity, waste control, and local ecosystem
preservation.
c. The future of ecotourism depends on establishing balanced development models that benefit the
environment, communities, and tourism businesses alike.
d. To ensure economic sustainability, ecotourism projects need effective business strategies, fair profit
distribution, and reinvestment in conservation efforts.
e. Ecotourism has emerged as a significant trend in the global tourism industry, meeting travelers' desires
to explore nature while preserving ecological environments.
A. a-d-b-e-c B. d-a-b-e-c C. b-e-d-a-c D. e-b-a-d-c
Question 17:
a. Through guided nature walks, wildlife observation, and outdoor activities, visitors gain firsthand
knowledge about ecosystems, biodiversity, and environmental challenges facing our planet.
b. Skilled naturalist guides and well-designed interpretive programs play crucial roles in transforming
tourist experiences into meaningful learning opportunities about environmental responsibility.
c. Nature-based tourism represents a powerful tool for reconnecting people with the natural world,
offering immersive experiences that foster environmental awareness and appreciation.
d. Direct encounters with nature create lasting emotional connections, inspiring visitors to become
environmental stewards. These experiences often lead to increased support for conservation efforts.
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e. By cultivating a deeper understanding of nature's value, nature-based tourism contributes significantly
to building a global community of environmentally conscious citizens committed to preservation.
A. c-d-a-b-e B. c-b-a-e-d C. c-e-d-a-b D. c-a-d-b-e
Read the following passage about Bridging Conservation and Community Development and mark the
letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered
blanks from 18 to 22.
Ecotourism represents a transformative approach to travel that harmoniously blends environmental
stewardship with community empowerment. (18)_________, many endangered ecosystems would now be
thriving. Local communities that have embraced ecotourism initiatives are experiencing remarkable
improvements in their quality of life while preserving their cultural heritage. The implementation of
responsible tourism practices helps protect vulnerable ecosystems from degradation; moreover,
(19)_________. Mass tourism often threatens local traditions and natural resources, but ecotourism
promotes their preservation through mindful visitor engagement. Recognizing the vital link between
environmental conservation and community welfare, (20)_________. This sustainable approach has led to
numerous success stories worldwide, from wildlife sanctuaries in Costa Rica to community-managed forests
in Nepal. Modern technology and innovative practices have revolutionized how ecotourism destinations
manage visitor impact and monitor wildlife populations. Local communities now utilize digital platforms to
showcase their cultural heritage and natural attractions while maintaining strict conservation guidelines.
Educational programs (21)_________ between human activities and ecosystem preservation. Through
careful planning and local participation, ecotourism continues to demonstrate its effectiveness as a
development model that simultaneously preserves biodiversity, empowers communities, and educates
visitors about environmental stewardship. (22)_________, creating a ripple effect of positive change across
the global tourism industry.
Question 18:
A. Tourism practices which it was implemented decades ago
B. Tourism practices who were implemented decades ago
C. Having sustainable tourism practices implemented decades ago
D. Had sustainable tourism practices been implemented decades ago
Question 19:
A. indigenous populations create sustainable economic opportunities for it
B. sustainable development creates indigenous populations for opportunities
C. it creates sustainable economic opportunities for indigenous populations
D. economic opportunities create sustainability for indigenous development
Question 20:
A. many regions have developed comprehensive ecotourism strategies
B. many regions having developed comprehensive ecotourism strategies
C. many regions developing comprehensive ecotourism strategies
D. many regions, developed comprehensive ecotourism strategies
Question 21:
A. that integrate into ecotourism experiences help visitors understand the delicate balance
B. integrated into ecotourism experiences help visitors understand the delicate balance
C. integrates into ecotourism experiences helped visitors understand the delicate balance
D. which integrate into ecotourism experiences help visitors understand the delicate balance
Question 22:
A. The success of these initiatives has inspired governments worldwide, and they have decided to
incorporate ecotourism principles into their national development strategies
B. The success of these initiatives has inspired governments worldwide to incorporate ecotourism principles
into their national development strategies
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C. The success of these initiatives has inspired governments worldwide to incorporate ecotourism principles,
which will improve the environment significantly
D. The success of these initiatives has inspired governments worldwide, thus incorporating ecotourism
principles into their national development strategies
Read the following passage about A Path to Cultural Preservation and mark the letter A, B, C or D on
your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
The integration of indigenous communities into ecotourism initiatives represents a transformative
approach to cultural preservation in the modern era. This symbiotic relationship, which emerged in the late
20th century, has garnered significant attention from anthropologists and sustainable development experts
alike. Indigenous communities, with their profound understanding of local ecosystems and traditional
practices, are uniquely positioned to offer authentic cultural experiences while maintaining their ancestral
heritage through sustainable tourism ventures.
The implementation of indigenous-led ecotourism projects has yielded numerous advantages for local
communities. These initiatives not only generate substantial revenue streams but also foster cultural pride
and environmental stewardship. Through such programs, indigenous peoples can showcase their traditional
customs, artistic expressions, and ecological knowledge to visitors, thereby ensuring the transmission of
cultural practices to future generations. This economic empowerment has enabled many communities to
resist the allure of environmentally destructive activities and instead focus on conservation-oriented
enterprises.
Nevertheless, the development of indigenous ecotourism faces considerable challenges that require
careful navigation. The commodification of cultural experiences must be balanced against the need to
maintain authenticity and prevent exploitation. Some communities have encountered difficulties in
managing the influx of tourists while preserving their traditional way of life. Additionally, the distribution
of benefits within communities can sometimes create social tensions, necessitating transparent governance
structures and equitable profit-sharing mechanisms.
As we cast our gaze forward, the future of indigenous ecotourism shines bright, though its success
demands meticulous planning and adaptability. Evidence from thriving initiatives worldwide
demonstrates how these ventures, when skillfully managed, can become catalysts for both economic growth
and cultural vitality. The key to sustainability lies in maintaining harmony between market demands and
cultural authenticity, ensuring tourism activities remain rooted in community values and environmental
stewardship.
Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of indigenous ecotourism?
A. Generation of revenue for local communities
B. Improved access to healthcare services
C. Preservation of traditional cultural practices
D. Environmental conservation and stewardship
Question 24: The word “garnered” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.
A. repelled B. attracted C. maintained D. gathered
Question 25: The word “destructive” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________.
A. productive B. beneficial C. damaging D. constructive
Question 26: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to_________.
A. the tourists B. the anthropologists C. the communities D. the experts
Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Indigenous ecotourism will automatically thrive in coming years through natural progression without
requiring significant organizational changes or strategic planning.
B. While indigenous ecotourism shows great promise for the future, achieving this potential will require
careful strategic planning and the ability to adapt.

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C. The development of indigenous ecotourism faces numerous challenges ahead that may prevent its success
despite current efforts at careful organization.
D. Indigenous ecotourism requires extensive planning and adaptability in the present moment, though its
future prospects remain uncertain and concerning.
Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Indigenous communities have completely solved all challenges related to tourism management through
traditional knowledge and advanced planning systems.
B. Indigenous ecotourism initiatives have eliminated the need for environmental conservation efforts by
providing alternative economic opportunities.
C. Modern technology and external management systems have replaced traditional practices in successful
indigenous tourism ventures worldwide.
D. The distribution of tourism benefits within indigenous communities requires transparent governance
structures and equitable profit-sharing mechanisms.
Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention the multiple positive impacts of indigenous
ecotourism?
A. Paragraph 3 B. Paragraph 1 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 2
Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention the balance between commercial success and
cultural preservation?
A. Paragraph 3 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 2 D. Paragraph 1
Read the following passage about the The Economic Impact of Sustainable Tourism on Local
Communities and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to
each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
In the era of digital transformation, sustainable tourism is taking giant strides, leveraging cutting-edge
technologies to revolutionize local economic development. Modern sustainable tourism transcends
traditional approaches by incorporating artificial intelligence, blockchain technology, and smart
infrastructure to create an ecosystem where visitor experiences seamlessly integrate with community
welfare. This technological renaissance in tourism has opened unprecedented opportunities for local
communities to participate in the global digital economy while preserving their unique heritage.
[I]The economic architecture of contemporary sustainable tourism operates through innovative
mechanisms that enhance community participation and benefit distribution. [II]Smart contracts powered by
blockchain technology ensure transparent revenue sharing among community stakeholders, while digital
marketplaces enable local artisans to reach global audiences directly. [III]The implementation of AI-driven
visitor management systems helps communities optimize tourist flows and maximize economic benefits
while preventing over-tourism. [IV]
Despite its transformative potential, the integration of advanced technologies in sustainable tourism
presents unique challenges for local communities. The initial investment in smart infrastructure and digital
platforms can be substantial, requiring careful financial planning and external partnerships. Communities
must also address the digital skills gap among residents while ensuring that technological advancement
doesn't overshadow authentic cultural experiences. Moreover, the implementation of automated systems
must be balanced with maintaining meaningful human interactions that tourists seek.
In the emerging landscape, sustainable tourism is charting new frontiers in community economic
development. The convergence of advanced immersive technologies with physical experiences is unlocking
unprecedented revenue opportunities for local communities. AI-powered adaptive systems will enable
communities to proactively shape and respond to tourism patterns, while interconnected smart sensor
networks facilitate environmental sustainability monitoring and management. This technology-driven
tourism model promises to forge resilient local economies while safeguarding cultural and natural heritage
for generations to come.
Question 31: The phrase “giant strides” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by_________.
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A. pushing through B. breaking through C. forging ahead D. carrying on
Question 32: The word “their” in paragraph 1 refers to_________.
A. local communities B. opportunities C. technologies D. visitor experiences
Question 33: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of modern sustainable tourism?
A. Reduced seasonal tourism fluctuations
B. Creation of new job categories
C. Transparent revenue sharing
D. Environmental sustainability monitoring
Question 34: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?
These technological solutions have created new categories of employment, from digital experience
designers to sustainable tourism data analysts.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. Digital platforms create opportunities for tourism growth while communities struggle with implementing
new technological infrastructure.
B. Technology integration requires substantial investments and skills development while maintaining
authentic cultural experiences and human interactions.
C. Modern tourism faces challenges in balancing traditional practices with digital advancement through
community-based solutions.
D. Smart infrastructure development demands careful planning while focusing on preserving local heritage
and tourist satisfaction.
Question 36: The word “overshadow” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.
A. complement B. undermine C. diminish D. obscure
Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Sustainable tourism is pioneering innovative approaches to advance local community economic growth.
B. Modern tourism practices are transforming traditional methods of regional economic planning.
C. Digital technologies are reshaping how communities participate in tourism development today.
D. New tourism models are implementing strategic changes for sustainable economic benefits.
Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Digital platforms eliminate the need for human interaction between tourists and local communities.
B. Blockchain technology ensures transparent revenue sharing between community stakeholders through
smart contracts.
C. Advanced technologies automatically solve all challenges related to sustainable tourism development.
D. Smart infrastructure investments guarantee immediate economic benefits for participating local
communities.
Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Traditional tourism practices will completely disappear within the next generation.
B. Smart infrastructure investments will eliminate all cultural authenticity concerns.
C. Local communities must abandon heritage preservation to embrace digital tourism.
D. Digital literacy will become essential for communities dependent on tourism revenue.
Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. Digital platforms and artificial intelligence systems revolutionize tourism management through
automated processes and data analysis.
B. Local communities face significant challenges in adopting new technologies while maintaining traditional
tourism practices.
C. Modern technology transforms sustainable tourism by creating economic opportunities while preserving
cultural heritage and addressing implementation challenges.

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D. Smart infrastructure and blockchain technology enable transparent revenue sharing and improved visitor
management in tourism.

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