ICT REVIEWER 3.
Hardware
UNIT 1 – LESSON 1: - physical or tangible parts of an ICT system
4. Software
- programs and applications installed on your
Information and Communications Technology
smarthone
(ICT) - responsible for providing sets of intructions that
- refers to all electronic and communication technologies computer has to follow tpa ccomplish a specific
that enable the management and distribution of task
information.
- “basic information handling tools”
5. Data
- raw facts or figures that can be processed,
COMPONENTS OF ICT stored, and transmitted by an ICT
1. People
- individuals who are responsible in ICT system;
6. Information
input and supply of data.
- result of processed, organized, and structured
- computer programmers, computer engineers,
data
technician, graphic designer, web developer,
- output of an ICT system
encoders, system analysts
2. Procedures
- actions performed in a certain order and
condition to make sure an ICT systems runs
smoothly
- important in guiding the people or system
IMPACT OF ICT ON THE SOCIETY 7. ICT and the Entertainment Industry
Computers pave the way for a more convenient, - online video streaming
efficient and effective way of performing day to day
transactions.
UNIT 1 – LESSON 2
1. ICT at Home
Friendster – 2000s media site
- provide security at home
2. ICT as a Communication Tool Social Media
- the development of mobile phones - websites or applications that give people the capability
to exchange with oe another.
3. ICT and Education
TYPERS OF SOCIAL MEDIA:
- enhanced facilitation of learning
1. Social Networking Sites
- used for communication, where users can
4. ICT and Employment communicate via text chat, phone call, or video call.
- work without the need to leave the comforts of
Ex: Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn
their home
2. Media Sharing Sites
5. ICT and Government - users can communicate via text chat, phone call, or
- effective tool in delivering quality and efficient video call
services to its people
Ex: Youtube, Vimeo, Instagram
6. ICT and Commerce
- online shops
3. Discussion Site MOBILE MEDIA
- facilitate the active exchange of views,
comments, and opinions on issues and matters - refers to electronic devices that are characterized by
discussed among its participants of the same their portability or their ability to be carried or
interest or expertise transported easily. Despite their small size, mobile
media are packed with internet connectivity and
Ex: Reddit and Quora powerful features. Smartphones, tablets, game
consoles, e-readers, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA),
and laptop computers are just some of the popular
4. Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites
mobile media devices.
- aid users in discovering, sharing and discussing
the lates and trending content and media
Ex: Pinterest, StumpleUpon, Digg ASSISTIVE MEDIA
- are electronic devices or programs that aim to provide
5. Blogging and Publishing Network Sites support for people with disabilities. It generally seeks to
- provide its users with the tools that will help increase or improve the functional capability of
them to publish their content in a creative and individuals who face mental or physical challenges
engaging manner.
Ex: Wordpress, Wix, Tumblr, Medium
1. Assistive Media for the Visually Impaired
- enable blind or visually impaired visuals to read
6. Consumer Review Network
- text to text speech devices, reading pen,
- provides a way for user to inform other people or
magnifiers, talking devices, braille displays
organizations about their views regarding a
particular product or service.
Ex: Yelp, Glassdoor
2. Assitive Media for People with Hearing
Impairements
- for people who are deaf or who experience
difficulty in hearing UNIT 1 – LESSON 3
- sound amplification, conversion of sounds into
visual cues, and conversion of sounds into Technological Convergence
sensory signals like vibrations. - state where to or more technology entities and
- includes hearing aids, amplified telephones, functions are combined into one device
devices with vibrating alarms, speech-to-text
devices, and captioning devices
3CS of Technology Convergence
3. Assistive Media for People with Speech 1. Computing Technology – improvements made
Difficulty on electronic devices by combining the function of two
- aid people who are mute or more devices into one gadget
- converts visual cues to audible speech 2. Content Technology – combining different media
- speech generating devices, voice amplification formats such as text, etc. into one multimedia content
devices, stuttering aids, artificial larynx, and 3. Communication Technology – observable with
communication boards. the fast and effective transfer of info like WIFI
4. Assistive Media for People with Learning Website
Difficulty - composed of hyperlinks and sometimes web
- used to help people individuals who experience applications
difficulty in learning and comprehension
Webpage
- instructional supports
- memory aids - individual links or pages of a website
1. Static Web Pages – fixed content, a web page shows
the same content every time it is accesed
2. Dynamic web pages – changeable, web page’s - employs technologies such as semantic web, artificial
content can change each time it is accessed intelligence
THE EVOLUTION OF TEH WEB (1989 – Present)
- can deliver customized service
Machine Learning
A) Web 1.0
- read-only phase - equipped ICT devices with the ability to learn and
- characterized by static web pages; no interaction interpret the meaning of words in his or her online
activities
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Artificial Intelligence
- used to encode how a webpage will be
represented - system that enables computer devices to think and act
like human beings
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
- encode how the web page will look in terms of
layout, fonts, and colors
B) Web 2.0
- writable phase
- users can interact by filling out forms, posting
comments, or sharing multimedia
- also refered to as social web
C) Web 3.0
- executable phase
3. Server – hardware that serves as the storage house
of data coming in and out of the system
4. Processing System – “information system” ; is a
UNIT 1 – LESSON 4 group of hardware and software that is designed to
collect, process, store, and distribute information.
Uses of Internet:
ONLINE PLATFORMS
- Internet as a Communication Tool
- Internet as a Tool in Performing Business Transactions - refer to websites and applications taht offer
- Internet as a Tool for Researching services through the internet
- Internet as an Entertainment Tool CLASSIFICATION OF ONLINE PLATFORMS
1. Business – role is the seller of goods or provider of
ONLINE SYSTEM services offered on the internet
2. Customer – one who makes purchases or avails the
- collaboration of hardware, software, and
goods and services produced
telecommunication technologies
ONLINE PLATFORMS SERVICES
COMPONENTS OF AN ONLINE SYSTEM
SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS
1. Terminal Devices – such as desktop computers,
- internet services that promote social interaction
laptop, tablets or smartphones taht are used to send
and information sharing among members of
requests or instructions over the internet.
virtual communities
2. Network – collection of computers that are used to
carry data from one device to another
WEB SEARCH ENGINES
- internet based systems that are used to locate
information on the World Wide Web
ONLINE PAYMENT SYSTEM
- web-application that allows customers to send
payment for their purchases
ONLINE ADVERTISING PLATFORM
- an internet service that allows business
organizations to post their advertisements to
websites and online applications
CREATIVE CONTENT OUTLETS
- web services that offer assistance to individuals
and organizations in the development of
innovative and engaing multimedia content for
their websites
1. Virtual World
- provides us with a “second life space” where we can
make digital representation of ourselves
- create several digital personalities
UNIT 2 – LESSON 1 2. INTERACTION
- environment where social intearctions such as chatting,
sharing ideas on an online comminity
CYBER WORLD – “cyberspace” - public and open to anyone who wants it
- composed of complex interconnected networks that
provides a virtual environment for different users to 3. INFORMATION SOURCE
interact with each other - data are readily available to anyone as long as they
can connect to the internet
DIGITAL FOOTPRINTS
- permanent marks of your identity and activities on the DANGERS AND THREATS ON THE INTERNET
internet that could lead and be traced abck to you 1. Exposure to Unsuitable Contents
- Photo and video contents are uploaded everywhere.
Some are inappropriate or not suitable to be viewed by
COOKIES children and teenagers.
- small files stored in your computer by the websites you
visit a) Pornography – images or videos of naked people
- advertisers use this information to create ads b) Graphic violence – shown on online games
c) Verbal Obscenity – curses or rude words
CATEGORIES OF CYBER WORLD
2. Crime-Related Dangers
- criminals that are lurking online network; infects the computer through a
a) Hackers- acess private info in order to steal for their own downloaded file
benefit c) Trojan – also known as trojan horse; disguised as a
b) Identity Theft - steal important and personal info to legitimate and helpful software
fake an identity
d) Spyware – secretly invades your computer and
Phishing – message with shortened link
targets sensitive information
c) Internet Predators – individuals who lure children
or teenagers e) Adware – used to gather data from your computer
d) Cyberbullies – cyberbullying is an online form of while providing you with advertisements
bullying with the aid of internet
f) Ransomware – often part of a phishing scam. the
criminals behind the malware will then ask for
money before they unlock your files or system
3. Privacy Related Dangers
- occurs due to carelessness of the user or caused by g) Fileless Malware – It does not need to install any
unauthorized access of a person’s private info software on your system in order to work, instead it
uses the current vulnerabilities of your computer
system.
4. Malicious Software- Related Dangers
- websites offering free services
ONLINE SAFETY AND SECURITY
Malware – created to invade and destroy the
computer system - some tips on how to be safe online and how to detect an
online threat.
1. Think before you click. This is to avoid leaking information
TYPES OF MALWARE
that you do not want to be used against you.
a) Virus – software that inserts its code into files and
2. Do not share personal information. Keep your personal
programs infecting other software
details private such as your address, age, birthday, full name,
b) Worms – rapidly spread form one computer to
and contact number.
another by replicating itself through the computer
3. Beware of phishing and scam. Never click links coming Techterms defined Netiquette as an informal term which is
from unknown contacts because these might contain short for "internet etiquette."
malwares.
Etiquette - is a set of proper behavior in the real world
4. Keep your device secure. Make sure that the software
Netiquette - is a set of proper behavior in the virtual world
installed on your gadgets are up-to-date.
The term was initially used as a joke in a forum in 1982, which
5. Never give out your password. Your password should be
was also the same year the word internet was first used.
kept somewhere safe because it allows you to access your
accounts.
6. Never agree to meet anyone you just met on online CORE RULES OF NETIQUETTE FROM THE BOOK
chat rooms. Never agree to meet strangers. NETIQUETTE BY VIRGINIA SHEA
7. Tell your guardian if something is making you
uncomfortable online. They can help you be safe by
confronting the cyberbully or predator. RULE 1: REMEMBER THE HUMAN.
8. Cover your webcam. This will prevent the invader from - The quote “do unto others as you would have them do
getting your image and using it to harm you. unto you” is considered to be the golden rule in life. It
simply means to treat others how you wanted to be
9. Use a strong password. Follow the guidelines for creating treated.
a strong password
RULE 2: ADHERE TO THE SAME STANDARDS OF
10. Make sure you log out when using a public device. BEHAVIOR ONLINE THAT YOU FOLLOW IN REAL LIFE.
Make sure that all your accounts are logged out before you
leave. - Everyone follows standards of behavior in real life. This
should not be lowered in the virtual world.
RULE 3: KNOW WHERE YOU ARE IN CYBERSPACE.
UNIT 2 – LESSON 2:
- It is always important to know where you are online.
Netiquette Lurk before you leap.
RULE 4: RESPECT OTHER PEOPLE’S TIMES AND - Although it is good to have more knowledge when it
BANDWIDTH. comes to cyberspace, it does not give someone the
right to take advantage of them. Always remember rule
- It is important to understand that people have lives
#1: remember the human.
outside cyberspace as you do
RULE 5: MAKE YOURSELF LOOK GOOD ONLINE.
RULE 10: BE FORGIVING OF OTHER PEOPLE’S
- One of the best things in cyberspace is your anonymity.
MISTAKES.
Take advantage of the lack of judgment on your
physical appearance like the color of your skin, eyes, - Give people the benefit of the doubt; assume they just
hair, height, weight, age, or even your clothing. do not know as you have different experiences. Think
twice before reacting.
RULE 6: SHARE EXPERT KNOWLEDGE.
- Information sharing is one of the reasons why the
internet was created. make sure that the information
you’re sharing is reliable and credible to avoid the
spread of fake news.
RULE 7: HELP KEEP FLAME WARS UNDER CONTROL.
- While it is not necessarily forbidden in cyberspace, if
flame wars cannot be avoided, it is best to keep it
under control.
RULE 8: RESPECT OTHER PEOPLE’S PRIVACY.
- Always be careful with this information as they are
meant or not meant to be exposed
RULE 9: DON’T ABUSE YOUR POWER.
