Channels of
Communication
and Feedback in
the
Communication
Process,Barrier of
communication
Business Communication
Internal communication with: Superiors, coworkers,
subordinates
purpose.
Internal
Communication
Different employees and officials in an
organization need to communicate with each
other.
This internal communication with its importance Internal
is shown in the following way: Communication
2. Making and Implementing decision:-
1. Setting goals and Objectives:- In order to achieve the objective, people
Organizations mostly have various formal and in a business organization collect facts
informal objectives to accomplish. and evaluate alternatives, and they do so
These objectives may be financial results, by reading, asking questions, talking, or
product quality, market dominance, employee plain thinking. These thoughts are put
satisfaction, or customer service. So, into written form. Once a decision has
communication enables all the people in an
organization to work towards a common
been made, it has to be implemented
which requires communication.
memos, or reports.
Internal
Communication 4. Manufacturing the products:-
3. Appraisal:-
Getting an idea for a new product out of
someone’s head, pushing it through the
Having implemented the decision, production process and finally getting the
management needs to determine whether the product also requires communication. Designing
desired outcome is being achieved. Statistics on the plan regarding the product, introducing the
such factors as cost, sales, market share, workers, purchasing raw materials, marketing
productivity, and inventory levels are compiled. and distributing the product all require effective
This is done through computers, manual papers, communication.
External External
Communication Communication
1. Hiring the employees:- 4. Informing the investors:-
If a company wants to hire someone, it advertises the Balance sheets, income statements, and ratio
vacancy, receives applications, calls the candidates, takes
the interview and then offers the job to the successful analyses are used to inform the investors
candidates. The whole process requires communication. regarding the performance of the business.
2. Dealing with customers:- 5. Interacting with Govt.:-
Sales letters and brochures, advertisements, personal Government agencies make certain rules to
sales calls, and formal proposals are all used to stimulate regulate the economy. These rules are
the customer’s interest. Communication also plays a part
in such customer-related functions as credit checking, communicated to organizations through various
billing, and handling complaints and questions. papers. These
organizations try to fulfill, this
requirement by filling out taxation forms and
3. Negotiating with suppliers and financiers:-
other documents.
To obtain necessary supplies and services, companies
develop a written specification that outlines their
requirement. Similarly, to arrange finance, they negotiate
with lenders and fill out loan applications.
•
External Communication
When an organization
communicates with people or
organizations outside the
business setting.
Recipients of external
communication include
customers, lawmakers,
suppliers, and other community
stakeholders.
Feedback
Messages
Feedback tells the speaker what effect s/he is having
on the listener(s).
On the basis of this feedback, the speaker may adjust
the message by strengthening, de-emphasizing, or
changing the content or form of the message.
The process is cyclical, with one person’s feedback
serving as the stimulus for the other person’s
feedback message.
Dimensions / Types 2. Person Focused and Message – Focused
3. Immediate – delayed
of Feedback 4. Low monitoring - High monitoring
Feedback can be looked upon in terms of five
5. Supportive - Critical
dimensions: 1. Positive – Negative
6. Negative vs positive feedforward:
Dimensions of
Feedback
1. Positive - Negative: positive
feedback (applause, smiles, and head
nods signifying approval) tells the
speaker that the message is being well
received.
Negative feedback (boos, frowns,
puzzled looks, and gestures signifying
disapproval) tells the speaker that
something is wrong and that some
adjustments need to be made.
Dimensions of Feedback
2. Person-Focused and Message-Focused:
Feedback may concentrate on a person (you’re
sweet, you have a great smile) or on a message
(can you repeat? your argument is a good
one).
3. Immediate - delayed: in interpersonal
communication, feedback is immediate
(appreciating a presenter after his
presentation).
In other situations, however, feedback may be
delayed (writing an email to a guest speaker
conveying the audience’s feedback).
Dimensions of Feedback
4. Low monitoring - High monitoring:
Feedback varies from the spontaneous and
totally honest reaction (low monitored
feedback) to the carefully constructed
response designed to serve a specific
purpose (high monitored feedback).
5. Supportive - Critical:
supportive feedback confirms the person and
what that person says; it occurs when, for
example, you console or encourage others.
Critical feedback, on the other hand, is
evaluative. Critical feedback is when someone
is judging another’s performances.
Dimensions of Feedback
6. Negative vs positive feedforward:
Negative feedforward is given for the
future conduct of the work, it talks
about the changes that are required for
better results, and employees can give
their views on the future changes that
they require for their work.
Positive feedforward is affirming and
given for future events. This tells us that
the receiver does not require any
change, he is working fine and is able to
understand things.
Effective Feedback
Considerations for sending feedback effectively:
• Immediateness
• Honesty
• Appropriateness
• Clarity
• Informative value
Considerations for receiving feedback effectively:
• Sensitivity
• Supportiveness
• Open-mindedness
• Helpfulness
Communication Barriers
01
02 Psychological Barrier
A person might have a belief that they can not ride a bicycle and carry this
belief with them through their life, and as such, they would never attempt
to ride a bicycle.
This belief will usually have been developed as a result of their past
experience – they may have tried to ride a bicycle as a young child, or
perhaps they started to ride but fell off. They tried several times in
childhood but fell off every time.
Now, they will hold this belief or psychological barrier until they
receive sufficiently strong evidence to change this belief.
03
04
05
H
ow To Overcome Emotional Barrier •
Motivation and commitment to
change
• Peer or mentor support
• Practice expressing recognition
06
Factors causing gender
barrier
• Fear and shy
• Environment
• Misunderstanding
07
08
09
Differing Frames of Reference: Everything you see and feel in the world is
translated through your individual frame of reference. Your unique frame
is formed by a combination of your experiences, education, culture,
expectations, personality, and other elements.
As a result, you bring your own biases and expectations to any
communication situation. Because your frame of reference is totally
different from everyone else’s, you will never see things exactly as others
do.
Bypassing: The choice of words is vital to the effectiveness of any
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communication. Many words have different meanings. Our
background knowledge and experience affect our understanding.
Bypassing happens when people miss each other with their
meanings.
Foreign languages, dialects, regional accents, and the use of
technical/specialist language should always be considered.
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Lack of Language Skill: No matter how extraordinary the idea, it will
not be understood or fully appreciated unless the communicators
involved have good language skills. Each individual needs an
adequate vocabulary, a command of basic punctuation and grammar,
and written and oral expression skills.
12 13 Communication load refers to the amount
and complexity of information as it is
perceived by persons who receive it. Too
much information in volume or
information that is too complex to
Information Overload & Underload: decipher easily is called reload. Having not
enough information is referred to as
underload.
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Thank you
