SUMMARY
Introduction………………………………………….2
I. Definition…………………………………………….2
II. The different types of pollution…………….2
III. The causes………………………………………..4
IV. The consequences………………………………4
V. Solutions…………………………………………….5
Conclusion……………………………………………….6
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Introduction
Pollution is a major problem that affects our planet on multiple
levels. It results from various human activities such as industry,
intensive agriculture, transportation, and the consumption of non-
sustainable resources. This contamination of air, water, and soil
has detrimental effects on human health, biodiversity, and the
climate. To mitigate its devastating effects, concerted global
action is essential, involving robust environmental policies,
sustainable technologies, and increased awareness.
I. Definition
Pollution is a destruction of the environment by products which
are diffused in several environments (air, water, soil) making up
our universe. It is therefore found in water and air, as well as in
the soil. Most often, it is due to human activity.
II. The different types of pollution
1. Pollution in water
Water pollution can take different forms depending on their
origins. It can be bacteriological, thermal, or of chemical origin.
The economy is increasingly using polluting products (e.g.
cleaning products, fertilizers, gasoline) and this contributes to
harming water quality. They most often come from factories,
wastewater treatment plants, septic tanks which then spread into
springs and groundwater.
2. Air pollution
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From the moment the air we breathe is considered dangerous to
our health and our environment, we consider the air to be
polluted. Cities suffer more from this type of pollution because of
cars, trucks, and building heating. The heat and the absence of
wind contribute to accentuating this pollution. Human activity is
most often the cause of this air degradation, but it can also have
natural causes such as the pollen that plants release into the air,
or volcanic emissions for example.
3. Pollution in the soil
Nowadays, intensive agriculture and the development of
chemistry are changing the nature of cultivated soils. The fight
against weeds and pests to produce more and more at low prices,
forces farmers to use more and more products that are not
perfectly degradable in nature. These products will then spread
into groundwater or watercourses.
These waters will then themselves pollute the fields and human
population areas. Industry can also be responsible for pollution,
as well as discharges from livestock or agricultural operations.
Natural pollution from volcanic eruptions can degrade the nature
of a soil.
III. The causes
1.t-he causes of air pollution
Natural phenomena (volcanic eruptions, forest fires, etc.) but
especially human activities (transport industry, agriculture,
residential heating, etc.) are the cause of emissions of pollutants,
in the form of gases or particles, into the atmosphere. Emitted
into the air, these substances are transported by the effect of
wind and rain in the atmosphere.
2.the causes of water pollution
The main causes leading to water pollution mainly by humans.
Some of the major causes of water pollution known as : industrial
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wastewater, domestic waste and medical waste resources,
agriculture, etc.
3.the causes of soil pollution
The soil can be polluted in different ways. The main causes of
soil pollution are due to poor land management often in
agriculture, extractive industries, during the disposal of
household or industrial waste, but also road traffic.
IV. The consequences
The effects of air pollution on health observed following
exposure lasting a few hours to a few days (acute, so-called
short-term exposure) are as follows: eye or respiratory
irritation, seizures
asthma which can lead to hospitalization, and in the most
serious cases to death.
The consequences of pollution of aquatic environments are
multiple. They lead to massive mortality of species.
Pollution impacts food security by disrupting plant
metabolism and therefore reducing crop yields and making
crops unsafe for consumption.
V. Solutions
To fight against pollution:
Purify the waters
Reduce risks
Reduce the use of pesticides
Control the use of fertilizers
Regulate the use of dangerous substance
Depollute
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Choose an automobile model adapted to your needs that
consumes little
Choose the means of transport best suited to your trips
Reduce the doses of cleaning products as much as possible
(dishes, laundry washing, floor scrubbing, etc.) and use the
least polluting ones.
Avoid the use of chemicals or ashes in the garden or
vegetable patch.
CONCLUSION
Environmental pollution is a serious global issue that affects the
health of ecosystems and human populations. To mitigate its
harmful effects, it is imperative to take serious measures such as
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting renewable
energies, and adopting sustainable practices in all aspects of
daily life. International cooperation is necessary to effectively
address this challenge and protect the planet for future
generations.
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