4.

MAKALE

INSECTS ALSO MIGRATE, STUDY SHOWS

Birds and human vacationers are not the only creatures that
take to the skies each year to migrate north or south.

BÖLÜM 1 MAKALENİN ÖNEMLİ KELİMELERİ

Makaleyi okumadan önce YKS-DİL’e yansıyabilecek ve özel olarak seçilmiş olan aşağıdaki kelimeleri
gözden geçirip bilmediklerinizi mutlaka not ediniz.

Hedef Kelime Türkçe Karşılığı Eş ve Yakın Anlamlıları

migrate (v) göçmek, göç etmek move, travel, immigrate

constitute (v) oluşturmak, teşkil etmek make up, comprise, create
ramification (n) olası sonuç, netice, etki result, consequence, effect
lead to (phr v) yol açmak, sebep olmak cause, bring about, give rise to
although (conj) -rağmen, -se de, -sa bile, -e karşın though, even though, while
comprehensive (adj) kapsamlı, ayrıntılı extensive, detailed, thorough
quantitative (adj) nicel, sayısal numerical
phenomenon (n) olgu, olay occurrence, event, incident
scope (n) kapsam, faaliyet alanı extent, compass
and so forth (adv) ve benzerleri, vesaire vesaire whatever, so on
install (v) takmak, monte etmek, yerleştirmek mount, set up, establish
scrutinize (v) irdelemek, incelemek, tetkik etmek examine, inspect, study, analyze
occur (v) meydana gelmek, olmak happen, take place
vary from...to (v) değişiklik göstermek, değişmek change, alter, differ
accordingly (adv) dolayısıyla, bu yüzden therefore, hence, thus, consequently
conversely (adv) tersine, aksine contrarily, in opposition
certain (adj) kesin, kati, açık definite, evident, clear, obvious
influential (adj) tesirli, etkileyici, güçlü powerful, dominant, effective
as far as (conj) kadarıyla, -e kadar to the extent that, as much as, so far as
to date (adv) şimdiye kadar, bugüne dek so far, until now, thus far, hitherto

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BÖLÜM 2 KELİME ÇALIŞMALARI ve ALIŞTIRMALARI

Makalemize geçmeden önce, aşağıdaki alıştırmalarda Bölüm-1’de sunulan hedef kelimeleri pekiştirmeye
dair çalışmalar yaparak bu kelimeleri daha kalıcı hale getirebilirsiniz.

EXERCISE-1 SYNONYM - TURKISH DEFINITION MATCHING

Orta sütunda gördüğünüz hedef kelimeleri önce sol sütundaki İngilizce eş anlamlısı ile daha sonra sağ sütundaki
Türkçe karşılığı ile eşleştiriniz.

( ) mount, set up migrate ( ) etkileyici, tesirli

( ) move, travel influential ( ) takmak, monte etmek, yerleştirmek

( ) extent, compass certain ( ) göç etmek, göçmek

( ) definite, evident install ( ) kapsam

( ) powerful, dominant scope ( ) kesin, kati

( ) therefore, thus, hence quantitative ( ) nicel, sayısal

( ) alter, differ and so forth ( ) olgu, olay

( ) numerical vary from ( ) bu yüzden

( ) event, occurrence accordingly ( ) değişiklik göstermek, değişmek

( ) whatever, so on phenomenon ( ) vesaire vesaire

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MIGRATION OF INSECTS 4 . MAKALE

EXERCISE-2 DEFINITION & SYNONYM EXERCISE-3 SYNONYM FINDER

Sorudaki açıklamaya uygun seçeneği işaretleyiniz. Altı çizili olan kelimenin eş anlamlısını işaretleyiniz.

1. Türkçesi “tersine, aksine” ve eş anlamlısı 1. What is certain is that insect migration is the
“in opposition, contrarily” olan kelime largest and most influential continental migration in
aşağıdakilerden hangisidir? the world, as far as we have known to date.

A) accordingly B) conversely A) nonetheless B) so far C) accordingly

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
C) certainly D) so forth 2. Although flying insects constitute one of
the largest populations on the planet, no
comprehensive quantitative study has been
conducted.

2. Türkçesi “meydana gelmek, olmak” ve eş A) Despite the fact that

anlamlısı “happen, take place” olan kelime
aşağıdakilerden hangisidir? B) Owing to the fact that

A) lead to B) occur C) In order that

C) vary D) migrate

EXERCISE-4 FILL IN THE BLANKS

Boş bırakılan yerlere uygun olan ifadeyi bulunuz.

3. Türkçesi “oluşturmak, teşkil etmek” ve eş
anlamlısı “make up, comprise, create” olan
1. The total biomass of insects varies ‑‑‑‑ one year
kelime aşağıdakilerden hangisidir?
to another, ‑‑‑‑ the difference sometimes being
A) constitute B) lead to as great as 200 tons.

C) influence D) comprehend A) with / in B) of / among

C) from / with D) toward / to

MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

4. Türkçesi “kapsamlı, ayrıntılı” ve eş anlamlısı 2. Insects’ sensitivity to climate change may

“extensive, detailed, thorough” olan kelime ‑‑‑‑ dramatic changes in the population of
aşağıdakilerden hangisidir? migrating insects.

A) quantitative B) certain A) lead to B) come up with

C) comprehensive D) influential C) object to D) drive out of

3. The migration of 3.5 trillion insects, with a

biomass over seven times that of the birds that
5. Türkçesi “irdelemek, incelemek, tetkik etmek”
migrate from Britain to Africa, has significant
ve eş anlamlısı “examine, inspect, study,
ecological ‑‑‑‑.
analyze” olan kelime aşağıdakilerden hangisidir?
A) ramifications B) dignities
A) install B) perpetrate
C) stagnations D) recessions
C) migrate D) scrutinize

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 4 . MAKALE MIGRATION OF INSECTS

BÖLÜM 3 MAKALE ve OKUDUĞUNU ANLAMA SORULARI

INSECTS ALSO MIGRATE, STUDY SHOWS

Bölüm 1 ve 2’de çalışmış olduğunuz kelimeleri dikkate alarak aşağıdaki makaleyi okuyunuz ve okuduğunu
anlama sorularını makaleye göre cevaplayınız.

A new study has found that flying insects migrate seasonally. This movement constitutes the largest migration
found in today’s world, creating a mass that is almost eight times that of birds that migrate from Britain to Africa.

“The migration of 3.5 trillion insects, with a biomass over seven times that of the birds that migrate from Britain to
Africa, has significant ecological ramifications. Insects are highly sensitive to climate change, and this may lead to
dramatic changes in the population of migrating insects, causing important environmental changes,” explains Dr. Nir
Sapir of the Department Environmental Biology at the University of Haifa.

Although flying insects constitute one of the largest populations on the planet, no comprehensive quantitative
study has been conducted until now examining the phenomenon of insect migration. Researchers assumed that
many insect populations migrate, but did not know which insects do so, when, what the scope of migration is, and
so forth.

In order to collect data, radars were installed some 15 years ago in southern England. Data from these radars was
used to estimate insect bio-flow over an area of 70,000 square kilometers. The radars measured the weight of the
insects, their flight speed and their direction and height. Between 2000 and 2009, data were collected for insects
flying at height of over 150 meters above.

The findings clearly showed a southward movement of these insect populations in fall and a northward movement
in spring. The researchers were surprised by the scale of this phenomenon: some 3.5 trillion insects, creating a
biomass of 3,200 tons, migrated in each season.

The study did not scrutinize the starting points and destinations of each insect population, but the researchers
believe that this migration occur over distances of at least several hundred kilometers and possibly much more.

The important ramifications of insect migration highlight a further finding by the researchers: The total biomass of
insects varies from one year to another, with the difference sometimes being as great as 200 tons. They explain
that more insects are born in warmer summers, and accordingly the quantity of migration is greater. Conversely, in
cooler summers fewer insects are born, and accordingly the biomass is smaller.

“We do not know whether all types of insects are reproducing more, or whether only certain types are doing so. But
what is certain is that this is the largest and most influential continental migration in the world, as far as we have
known to date.” Dr. Sapir concludes.

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MIGRATION OF INSECTS 4 . MAKALE

Aşağıdaki soruları makaleye göre cevaplayınız. 3. It can be understood in the passage that ----.

A) the migration of insects in huge masses has

1. It is clear in the passage that ‑‑‑‑.
nothing to do with alterations in environment
A) no study was carried out until recently
B) findings reveal that the more insects are born
concerning the migration of insects
in a particular season, the more migration
B) no variation is observed in the number of takes place during that season
insects migrating each year
C) as insects are not affected by climate change,
C) surprisingly enough, insects move to the same they can survive in a place where the weather

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
direction in each season changes constantly

D) although insect migration has been observed D) data collected by radars installed some 15
to some extent, there are still unknown facts years ago were not helpful in determining the
about it size of the insects migrating

E) the number of migrating birds is almost akin to E) with the help of an extensive study,
that of migrating insects although with slight researchers gathered all kinds of information
seasonal changes they need about insect migration

2. We can understand from the passage that ----.

A) there is no way of observing migrating insects

throughout the world

B) all kinds of insects breed in summer more than

MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

in any other season

C) there is no empirical evidence that insect

migration is the largest migration in the world

D) flying insects make up only a small percentage

of populations inhabiting the world

E) there might be up to 200 tons difference yearly

in the total biomass of insects migrating

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 4 . MAKALE MIGRATION OF INSECTS

YKS-DİL MİNİ TEST

BÖLÜM 4
Bu makaleden YKS-DİL’de nasıl sorular gelir?

Aşağıda, bu makaleden ve aynı konu içeriğine sahip benzer makalelerden yazmış olduğumuz özgün
soruları çözerek makale içeriklerinin ve makalede geçen cümlelerin YKS-DİL sınavında nasıl soru haline
geldiğini görebilirsiniz.

4. Entomologists report an experimental molecule

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. that inhibits kidney function in mosquitoes,
‑‑‑‑ it might provide a new way to control the
deadliest animal on Earth.
1. Pollinator insects accelerate plant evolution,
but a plant changes in different ways ‑‑‑‑ the A) even so B) or else
pollinator.
C) conversely D) lest

M ODA Dİ L Ya yı nl a r ı
A) setting out B) making out
E) hence
C) turning down D) depending on

E) figuring out

2. Male orchid bees are especially attracted ‑‑‑‑

orchids, ‑‑‑‑ which they collect fragrant oils that 5. ‑‑‑‑ female carpenter bees construct tunnels in
are stored in specialized receptacles on the solid wood, their chewing of the wood can be
hind legs. heard from several feet away.

A) with / over B) on / by A) When B) Before

C) to / from D) by / of C) Whereas D) Unless

E) upon / around E) Until

3. For millions of years, insects and plants ‑‑‑‑,

leaf-eaters adapting to the modifications of
MO DADİL Yayı nl arı

their hosts and plants changing ‑‑‑‑ themselves

from herbivory.

A) coevolved / being protected 6. Pesticides used to control insects may end

up turning into an inefficient procedure ‑‑‑‑
B) have coevolved / to protect
resistance developed.
C) had coevolved / protecting
A) due to B) instead of
D) coevolve / having protected
C) except for D) besides
E) would have coevolved / protected
E) similar to

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7. - 9. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 10. soruda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
10. Honey bee colonies in the United States have
New research shows that (7)‑‑‑‑ all Australia’s been dying at high rates for over a decade, ‑‑‑‑.
venomous creatures, it is bees and other insects
A) as a result honey bee is by far the most
not snakes which pose the biggest public health
widespread domesticated bee and the only
threat. Including fatalities, venomous stings and
species kept in North America
bites (8)‑‑‑‑ almost 42,000 hospitalizations over the
study period. Bees and wasps were responsible for B) but many other animals prey upon individual

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
just over one-third of hospital admissions, followed honey bees, which may sometimes weaken
by spider bites and snake bites. Overall, 64 people colonies
were killed by a venomous sting or bite, with more C) thus they are adaptable to many climates and
than half of these deaths (9)‑‑‑‑ an allergic reaction to laboratory conditions
to an insect bite.
D) so the number of individuals within a honey
bee colony depends largely upon seasonal
changes

E) and agricultural pesticides like herbicides and

insecticides are often implicated as major
culprits
7.
A) of B) in

C) over D) to

E) with

8.
MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

A) backed up B) resulted in

C) kept down D) got by

E) hunted for

9.
A) in spite of B) in contrast with

C) in place of D) on account of

E) in terms of

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 4 . MAKALE MIGRATION OF INSECTS

11. soruda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 12. soruda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi cümleyi bulunuz.
bulunuz.
12. Areas that provide good living in summer
11. Ahmet : become hostile in winter, pushing whole
communities of animals to find more favorable
– What does an animal do when a region gets
conditions elsewhere.
too hot or too cool to live?
A) Animal population in an area depends largely
Ali:
on weather conditions, which makes them

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
– ---- seek new places when circumstances are
severe.
Ahmet:
– Really? What is that? B) Although some areas offer good living in
summer, in winter it is the other way around,
Ali :
but it does not make huge herds of animals
– Well, it means they go into a deep sleep seek more suitable conditions elsewhere.
in order to adapt to the extreme weather
conditions in a region. C) Regions offering a nice environment in
summer for animals to live have harsh
A) They migrate to the colder or warmer places or conditions in winter, which forces all groups
sometimes they hibernate. of animals to seek more suitable conditions
elsewhere.
B) Animals generally have some special defence
mechanisms against extreme conditions. D) In some regions weather conditions are
severe in winter whereas it is relatively mild
C) They mostly stay where they are until the
in summer, making some animals to migrate
weather becomes pleasant again.
other places to live.
D) I think they die when the conditions are too
E) In winter most regions in the world become
harsh or perfect for them to survive.
hard to live in, however in summer they
E) I suppose they keep on living in those provide ample opportunities for animals, so
circumstances as their body is used to it. they are seeking to live in places with soft
climates.
MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

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13. soruda, verilen duruma uygun düşen 14. soruda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam
ifadeyi bulunuz. bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.
13. You are working in an international company
in a foreign country. Your boss tends to 14. Almost everyone has had the unpleasant
discriminate in favor of the people from his experience of being bitten by a mosquito.
country. As an immigrant yourself, you cannot Mosquito bites can cause skin irritation
accept the situation. You want him to know through an allergic reaction to the mosquito’s
your thoughts about it without losing your saliva. ‑‑‑‑ Not only can mosquitoes carry
temper you say: ---- diseases that afflict humans, but they can

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
also transmit several diseases and parasites
A) I do not like being told what I must do. You are that dogs and horses are very susceptible to.
my boss not my master. These include dog heart worms, eastern equine
encephalitis and West Nile virus.
B) Just because we are all from different parts of
the world does not necessarily mean that we A) But a more serious consequence of some
are not equal. mosquito bites may be transmission of serious
diseases and viruses.
C) You should be paying more attention to what
B) Yet there are about 200 different species of
you say, or you have to take the consequences
mosquitoes in the United States, which live in
of it.
specific habitats.
D) Sometimes I feel like I don’t belong to here C) However, different species of mosquitoes
and want to go back to my homeland. prefer different types of standing water in
which to lay their eggs.
E) You must listen to yourself, and should treat us
as equal or we are all going to resign. D) Therefore, state and local government
agencies play a critical role in protecting public
health from mosquito-borne diseases.
E) So local officials should manage the mosquito
control programs that carry out prevention,
public education.
MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

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 4 . MAKALE MIGRATION OF INSECTS

15. soruda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin 16. soruda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce
Türkçesini bulunuz. çevirisini bulunuz.

15. Although stingless bees do not have a sting to 16. Böcekler karasal hayvanlar olmakla beraber,
fend off enemies, they are nonetheless able to derin denizler hariç tüm ortamlara uyum
defend their hives against attacks. sağlayabilen birçok türe sahiptir.

A) The beetles, along with being terrestrial

A) İğnesiz arıların düşmanları savmak için bir
animals, have many species that can fit into all
iğnesi yoktur, ancak yine de kovanlarını saldırı
environments except for the deep sea.
anında rahatça savunurlar.

M O DA Dİ L Y a yı nl a rı
B) Despite being terrestrial animals, the beetles
B) Düşmanlarını başından savmada kullandıkları can adapt to all environments apart from the
bir iğnesi olmasa da, iğnesiz arılar kovanlarını deep sea.
düşman saldırdığında koruyabilir.
C) Apart from being terrestrial animals, the
C) İğnesiz arıların düşmanlarını defetmek için bir beetles have a number of species, all of which
iğnesi bulunmasa da, yine de saldırılara karşı can live in all environments but the deep sea.
kovanlarını korumalılar.
D) The beetles are terrestrial animals and
D) İğnesiz arılar düşman saldırıları esnasında because of that they have several species that
zorlansalar da, saldırılar gerçekleştiğinde can adapt to any environments, including the
kovanlarını çepeçevre savunurlar. deep sea.

E) İğnesiz arıların düşmanlarını kovacak bir E) Terrestrial animals like the beetles have many
iğnesi olamasa da, yine de kovanlarını species, all of which can get used to living in
saldırılara karşı savunabilirler. all environments except for the deep sea.

17. soruda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda

parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi
bulunuz.
MO DADİL Ya yı nl arı

17. (I) Genetics and intensive application of

insecticides are responsible for the rapid
development of resistance in many insects.
(II) Selection by an insecticide allows some
insects with resistance genes to survive and pass
the resistance trait on to their offspring. (III) The
proportion of resistant insects in a population
continues to increase as the susceptible insects
are eliminated by the insecticide. (IV) Insecticides
are pesticides that are formulated to kill, harm,
repel or mitigate one or more species of insect.
(V) Eventually, resistant insects outnumber
susceptible insects and the insecticide is no longer
effective.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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BÖLÜM 5 MAKALENİN ÇEVİRİSİ

Bu bölümde, makaleyi tekrar okuyarak ve çevirisini kontrol ederek öğrendiğiniz gramer yapılarını ve
kelimeleri pekiştirebilirsiniz.

1. A new study has found that flying insects migrate seasonally.

 Yeni bir araştırma, uçan böceklerin mevsimlik göç ettiğini keşfetti.

2. This movement constitutes the largest migration found in today’s world, creating a mass that is almost
eight times that of birds that migrate from Britain to Africa.
 Bu yer değiştirme, günümüz dünyasında bulunan en büyük göçü oluşturmaktadır, ki bu İngiltere’den Afrika’ya
göç eden kuşlarınkinden neredeyse sekiz kat daha büyük bir kitleyi meydana getirmektedir.

3. “The migration of 3.5 trillion insects, with a biomass over seven times that of the birds that migrate from
Britain to Africa, has significant ecological ramifications.
 “Britanya’dan Afrika’ya göç eden kuşların yedi katından daha büyük bir canlı topluluğuna sahip 3.5 trilyon
böceğin göçünün önemli ekolojik sonuçları vardır.

4. Insects are highly sensitive to climate change, and this may lead to dramatic changes in the population
of migrating insects, causing important environmental changes,” explains Dr. Nir Sapir of the
Department Environmental Biology at the University of Haifa.
 Hayfa Üniversitesi Çevre Biyolojisi Bölümü’nden Dr. Nir Sapir “Böceklerin iklim değişikliğine karşı oldukça
duyarlı olduğunu ve bunun göç eden böceklerin popülasyonunda büyük değişikliklere yol açabileceğini ki
bunun da önemli çevresel değişikliklere neden olabileceğini “ ifade ediyor.

5. Although flying insects constitute one of the largest populations on the planet, no comprehensive
quantitative study has been conducted until now examining the phenomenon of insect migration.
 Uçan böcekler gezegendeki en büyük popülasyonlardan birini oluştursa da, şimdiye kadar böcek göçü
olgusunu inceleyen kapsamlı nicel bir araştırma yapılmamıştır.

6. Researchers assumed that many insect populations migrate, but did not know which insects do so,
when, what the scope of migration is, and so forth.
 Araştırmacılar, birçok böcek popülasyonunun göç ettiğini tahmin ediyordu ancak hangi böceklerin bunu
yaptığını, ne zaman yaptıklarını, göçün kapsamının ne olduğunu ve bunun gibi şeyleri bilmiyorlardı.

7. In order to collect data, radars were installed some 15 years ago in southern England.
 Veri toplamak için, yaklaşık 15 yıl önce güney İngiltere’de radarlar kuruldu.

8. Data from these radars was used to estimate insect bio-flow over an area of 70,000 square kilometers.
 Bu radarlardan alınan veriler, 70.000 kilometrekarelik bir alanda biyolojik böcek akışını tahmin etmek için
kullanıldı.

9. The radars measured the weight of the insects, their flight speed and their direction and height.
 Radarlar böceklerin ağırlığını, uçuş hızlarını, yönlerini ve irtifalarını ölçtü.

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 4 . MAKALE MIGRATION OF INSECTS

10. Between 2000 and 2009, data were collected for insects flying at height of over 150 meters above.
 2000 ve 2009 yılları arasında, 150 metreden yüksek irtifalarda uçan böcekler için veriler toplandı.

11. The findings clearly showed a southward movement of these insect populations in fall and a northward
movement in spring.
 Bulgular, bu böcek popülasyonlarının sonbaharda güneye doğru hareketini ve baharda kuzeye doğru
hareketini açıkça gösterdi.

12. The researchers were surprised by the scale of this phenomenon: some 3.5 trillion insects, creating a
biomass of 3,200 tons, migrated in each season.
 Araştırmacılar bu olayın boyutuna şaşırdılar: 3.200 tonluk bir biyokütle oluşturan 3.5 trilyon böcek, her
mevsimde göç ediyordu.

13. The study did not scrutinize the starting points and destinations of each insect population, but the
researchers believe that this migration occur over distances of at least several hundred kilometers and
possibly much more.
 Çalışma, her böcek popülasyonunun başlangıç noktalarını ve varış yerlerini incelemedi, ancak araştırmacılar
bu göçün en az yüz kilometre ve muhtemelen çok daha fazla mesafelere gerçekleştiğine inanıyorlardı.

14. The important ramifications of insect migration highlight a further finding by the researchers: The total
biomass of insects varies from one year to another, with the difference sometimes being as great as 200
tons.
 Böcek göçünün önemli sonuçları, araştırmacılar tarafından yapılan başka bir bulguyu da ortaya koyuyor:
Böceklerin toplam biyokütlesi, bir yıldan diğer yıla bazen 200 tona kadar farklılık göstermektedir.

15. They explain that more insects are born in warmer summers, and accordingly the quantity of migration
is greater.
 Araştırmacılar, daha sıcak yazlarda daha fazla böceğin doğduğunu ve dolayısıyla göç miktarının daha fazla
olduğunu ifade ediyorlar.

16. Conversely, in cooler summers fewer insects are born, and accordingly the biomass is smaller.
 Diğer taraftan, daha serin yazlarda daha az böcek doğar ve buna göre biyokütle daha küçüktür.

17. “We do not know whether all types of insects are reproducing more, or whether only certain types are
doing so.
 Dr.Sapir “Tüm böcek türlerinin daha fazla çoğalıp çoğalmadığını veya sadece belirli türlerin mi bunu yapıp
yapmadığını bilmiyoruz.

18. But what is certain is that this is the largest and most influential continental migration in the world, as
far as we have known to date.” Dr. Sapir concludes.
 Fakat kesin olan şeyin, bunun bugüne kadar dünyadaki en büyük ve en etkili kıtasal göç olduğu” sonucuna
varıyor.

Suat GÜRCAN • Yunus BAĞCI

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Rıdvan GÜRBÜZ • Kürşat CÖMERT