Classification: Internal Use
Question & Answers
1. What is a Turnaround and what drives it?
A Turnarounds (T/A) is a planned strategic maintenance intervention,
prepared for years in advance and part of the unit’s business plan. The event
and timing is driven by cyclic maintenance or operations work, which can
only be carried out when the plant has been taken offline and made safe.
2. What are the different Turnaround phases?
Strategy & Initiation Phase
Scoping Phase
Planning & Scheduling Phase
Pre T/A Phase
Execution Phase
Post Turnaround Phase
Close out Phase
3. What are the main Turnaround KPI’s?
EHSS (Zero- SHER and IR)
Turnaround Duration
Schedule Index
Turnaround Cost
4. How do you develop your initial worklist?
PM06 plans
M6 notifications
Previous TAM recommendations
Approved MOC with budget
5. Which modules do you use in SAP?
Plant Maintenance Modules (PM)
Material Management Modules (MM)
6. What is meant by critical path?
The Sequence of schedule activities that determines the duration of the
project. It is the longest path through the project.
Classification: Internal Use
A delay of any critical activity will delay the finish date of the entire project.
Driver is the TA cyclic maintenance work (EG catalyst change, Olefin CGC)
7. What is Turnaround driver?
Driver is the TA cyclic maintenance work (EG catalyst change, Olefin CGC)
8. Define long lead material?
Those are the spares which have a delivery time of more than 9 months, so all
long lead spares shall be reserved 18 months before TAM date, Examples of long
lead includes plugs, valve bodies, special rating rupture disk, Overseas items
etc.
9. Describe different types of blind plates?
The types of blind plates commonly used as are the following:
Slip blind.
Spectacle blind.
Spacer blind.
End blind.
10.What are the different types of flanges?
a. Weld Neck flange
b. Slip on flange
c. Socket weld Flange
d. Threaded flange
e. Lap Joint Flange
f. Orifice flange
g. Blind flange
h. Reducing flange
11.Difference between static & rotating equipment
In refinery/oil and gas field, equipment divided into two types
1. Static equipment’s
2. Rotating equipment’s
Classification: Internal Use
a. Static equipment doesn't have any drive unit example: heat
exchangers, tanks, pipes, valves, pressure safety valves (PSV),
columns, reactors etc.
b. Rotating equipment has driven unit which is used for transportation of
fluid or gas and power generation by helping equipment’s like
examples:
Pumps, turbines, compressors, fans, blowers.
12.What is heat exchanger?
Heat exchangers are devices that transfer or exchange heat from one media
to another. It is used either for cooling or for heating purpose.
The mediums flowing inside the heat exchanger may be gas or liquid
depending upon the service requirements of the process.
13.Different types of Heat Exchanger
1. Fixed tube heat exchanger
2. Floating head heat exchanger
3. U tube heat exchanger
4. Plate heat exchanger
5. Double pipe heat exchanger
6. Air cooled heat exchanger
14.What are the activities to be carried out for exchanger in TAM- General?
Obtain work permit
Blinding
Unbolt & removal of piping connections
Opening of channel cover & channel
Bundle pulling
Cleaning of tubes internally by High Pressure Water Jetting
Cleaning of channel & channel covers
Post Cleaning Inspection,
ECT
Hydro-test
Re-tubing
Plugging & Seal weld
Install tube bundle
Channel & Channel cover installation
Install the removed piping connections
De-blinding.
15.Define Filter?
Filtration is one the important processes required at different stages of
products manufacturing in petrochemical, oil and gas manufacturing and
Classification: Internal Use
processing units. Different types of filters are used to carry out the process of
filtration. Main function of filters is to filter unwanted particles or impurities
from the fluid and enable the clean fluid to pass through it.
16.Different types of filters?
Pad and panel filters
Bag filters
Pocket filters
Candle filters
Cartridge filters
17.What are the activities to be carried out for Column in TAM- General?
Obtain work permit
Blinding
Opening Manholes
Install air mover & ventilate
Conduct gas test
Obtain entry permit
Open internal tray manways
Removal of trays
Removal of demister pad
Removal of schopentoter
Removal of feed pipe
Removal of packing
Removal of level guage
Erect Scaffolding
Cleaning of shell & parts
Post cleaning inspection
Repair if required (Shell SS Lining, Nozzle Replacement etc.)
Final inspection
Installation of packing
Removal of scaffolding
Installation trays
Installation demister pad
Installation of level guage
Installation of feed pipe
Box-up tray manways
Box-up Manholes
De-blinding
18.What are the activities to be carried out for Tank in TAM- General?
Obtain work permit
Classification: Internal Use
Blinding
Opening Manholes
Install air mover & ventilate
Conduct gas test
Obtain entry permit
Vacuum out the Sludge from outside
Erect Internal Scaffolding for roof & inner wall inspection
Cleaning of Internal by Hydrojetting (Shell, Bottom & Roof)
De-watering & Vaccuming of Tank
Post-Cleaning Inspection
Thickness measurement at CMLs
Repair work (C.S. Patch plate welding, pitting weld build up )
Repair if required as per inspection findings (Rubber Lining Rep & Other)
Sand blasting of bottom plate & Bottom Shell (Carryout Sand Blasting)
Painting on Bottom plate & Shell as required
Carryout VPCI Inspection on Bottom
100% DPT test on Bottom plate welds (Final Inspection)
MFL & Vacuum box test (Final inspection
MFL & Vacuum box test
Remove Internal Scaffolding
Remove Lighting & Ventilation
Close & Box-up Manhole
De- Blinding as per blind list
19. What is discovery work?
Work that emerges during a TAM after opening equipment up. Also known as
emergent work
20.What is meant by interface activity?
Interface activities are those activities in which more than one contractor are
involved in that area & equipment.
21.Different Gasket Types?
1. Spiral Wound Gaskets
2. Non-Metalic Gaskets
3. Heat Exchanger Gaskets
4. Camprofile Gaskets
5. Metal Ring Joint Gaskets
6. Graphite Packing
22.Define PSV?
Classification: Internal Use
The Pressure Safety Valves (PSV) are the spring loaded devices to prevent
Equipment / pipe Line from Repute due to Excessive Internal Built-up
Pressure by releasing a volume of fluid when a predetermined maximum
pressure is reached.
23.Application of PSV
Pressure Safety Valve are normally applicable for compressible fluids like Air,
Gas and Steam. They are installed at Boiler Steam Drums, Super Heaters,
pipe lines and other pressure vessels in Refinery, Fertilizers, Petrochemicals
and Power Plants.
24.Define Pump?
Pump is a kind of machine which adds energy to a fluid. Because energy is
the capacity to do work, adding it to a fluid move it from one point to another
i.e., flowing through pipelines or raising it to a higher level.”
The name plate data which give the size and capacity of a pump is called
"Pump Specification"
25.Types of pump?
Classification: Internal Use
