Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
Schools Division Office I Pangasinan
BAYAMBANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bayambang, Pangasinan

MODULE
The Influence of Media and QUARTER

1 Information to Communication 1

INTRODUCTION

Great day to you, dear learner! In this module you will demonstrate your understanding of media and information sources, and values them
as part of communication tools. By going through, you will be able to describe how communication is influenced by media and information.
As learners of the 21st century, you will be able to learn and suggest ways on how to become responsible users of media and information.

YOUR TARGETS

Learning Competency
Describe how communication is influenced by media and information.

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to::

1. study communication as a process and how it is influenced by media and information;
2. create a log that reflects your current use and interaction with media and information, and the effects and influence of these in their
communication; and
3. draw a poster, compose a song/poem, list etiquette or create info graphics showing how to be responsible users of media and
information.

What I Know: Pre-test

Direction: Identify if the statement is True or False. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal means, including speech, or oral
communication; writing and graphical representations; and signs, signals, and behavior.
2. In a public speaking situation, the source of the message is the person listening to the speech.
3. The process of turning communication into thoughts is encoding.
4. Tone of voice, body language, and choice of clothing of the speaker do not convey a message.
5. There is communication even without the presence of a receiver of the message.
6. Social media such as Facebook and Twitter serve as channel of communication today.
7. Feedback provides an opportunity for the audience to ask for clarification, to agree or disagree, or to indicate that the source could make
the message more interesting.
8. Psychological noise is what happens when your thoughts occupy your attention while you are hearing, or reading, a message.
9. Your thoughts or mode can interfere the way you receive a message.
10. Noise has no effect on the communication process.
11. Stereotypes, reputations, assumptions, and biases are interference to communication.
12. Social media provides great ways to connect interact and communicate with friends and family while living separately.
13. Since social media pose some threats to the user, it is good not to use social media at all.
14. Being a responsible media user is a way to hold a positive, or at least a neutral effect of media in our life.
15. Bias media help in the proper dissemination of information and communication.

Learning Module in Media and Information Literacy Module #1 Page 1 of 5

 DO THIS

We are now in the 21st century where people are dependent on media and information technology. Waking up in the morning, some of
those with smartphones would first check and reply text on the phone or messages from Facebook messenger. Others would scan first
what’s on their social media pages. To gather information or entertain ourselves, we glue ourselves to television and radio or go to nearby
internet cafes to Google or to YouTube the things that interest us or the things we want to know.

Activity #1: The Media Gadgets I Use

Direction: Draw in a coupon bond at least five for each category. Make your work colorful.
1. What media and information gadgets or tools do you use to connect with people?
2. What media and information gadgets or tools do you use to get information and knowledge?
3. What media and information gadgets or tools do you use to share information and knowledge?

Activity #2: Apart but Never Alone

This time, we will read an article from Rappler.com (2020) which highlights the immense value of meaningful connections to get us through
these challenging moments. After reading, you will share your story on how you maintain connections during the pandemic time.

We are not alone. This pandemic teaches us the importance of shared moments

Meaningful connections with our loved ones help us get through this crisis MANILA, Philippines - There’s a universal truth that has
sprung from textbooks to reality in recent weeks: humans need meaningful connections. When rumors of Enhanced Community
Quarantine (ECQ) spread, many of us flocked to the supermarkets and drugstores to stock up on food and medicines for our loved
ones. Next thing we knew, the rumors became reality. We became isolated in our homes, far away from the people we're used to
be around with at work, school, or hangout places. Loneliness hit us. And no matter how introverted or socially flexible we
considered ourselves to be, social isolation can be overwhelming. This is especially true for most of us in the city who only have
ourselves to wake up to the next day. But we are not alone. As cliché as it may seem, this phrase speaks the truth. We are on ly
physically isolated, not separated. We are lucky that it’s the year 2020 and we have the Internet as our friend. Through technology,
we can connect with other people: families, friends, and even strangers. In fact, Filipinos are some of the most active internet users
worldwide. This probably isn’t news to anyone who’s active in Stan Twitter, Subtle Asian Facebook groups, or those who regularly
communicate with OFW family members.

Everywhere you look in the virtual space, there’s a Filipino there. This only goes to show how important communication and
expression is to our culture. For those who are only discovering this for the first time, open your laptop or your phone. Click on the
family members not living with you today. Know that a few decades ago, seeing their faces on that small screen and talking to them
in real-time would have been impossible. Your friends may not be next to you holding your hand while you break down, at least they
are just a click away. In the same way, we can easily comfort our family and friends in these uncertain times - whether through a
call, text, chat, or a voice message in your favorite app. Moreover, the Internet has enabled us to come together to reach ou t to
those who need our help and support through the numerous donation drives across online groups. These efforts remind us that
every little contribution can make a huge difference in the lives of others.

- Rappler.com

After reading the article, did you find how important is communication during this COVID-19 pandemic? Were you able to see the influence
of media and information on communication? Now, you will share your own story on how you connect with your friends, love ones or even
strangers during this global crisis.

Direction: On a separate sheet of paper, write your experiences in connecting with people during this pandemic and the things you
learned. Highlight the value of proper communication and right access to information.

LESSON PROPER

The article that you have read and the story you have written talk about communication and how media and information affect our way of
communicating with people.

What is Communication?

Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place, person or group to another (SkillsYouNeed, 2020). It is the
process of sending and receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal means, including speech, or oral communication; writing and

Learning Module in Media and Information Literacy Module #1 Page 2 of 5

graphical representations (such as infographics, maps, and charts); and signs, signals, and behavior (Nordquist, 2020). At its c ore,
communications is the use of messages to generate meaning, both within and across a myriad of cultures, contexts, channels, a nd media.
Through the effective practice of communications, we are able to improve cultural, social, personal, and professional experiences, whether
between individual, enterprises or even nations (What is Communications Studies?, 2020).

The Communication Process

In order to better understand the communication process, we can break it down into a series of eight essential components. These are the
eight parts as presented by What is communication (2012):

1. Source - The source imagines, creates, and sends the message. In a public speaking situation, the source is the person giving the
speech. He or she conveys the message by sharing new information with the audience. The speaker also conveys a message through his
or her tone of voice, body language, and choice of clothing. This process of turning thoughts into communication is called encoding.

2. Message - The message is the stimulus or meaning produced by the source for the receiver or audience. When you plan to giv e a
speech or write a report, your message may seem to be only the words you choose that will convey your meaning. But that is ju st the
beginning. The words are brought together with grammar and organization. You may choose to save your most important poin t for last.
The message also consists of the way you say it—in a speech, with your tone of voice, your body language, and your appearance—and in
a report, with your writing style, punctuation, and the headings and formatting you choose. In addition, part of the message may be the
environment or context you present it in and the noise that might make your message hard to hear or see.

3. Channel - The channel is the way in which a message or messages travel between source and receiver (What Is Communication?,
2012). There are multiple communication channels available to us today. These include faceto-face conversations, letters, telephone calls,
text messages, email, the Internet (including social media such as Facebook and Twitter), blogs, tweets radio and TV, written letters,
brochures and reports (SkillsYouNeed, 2020) and so forth.

4. Receiver - The receiver receives the message from the source, analyzing and interpreting the message in ways both intended and
unintended by the source. In order to receive a message, she or he listens, sees, touches, smells, and/or tastes to receive a message. The
process of turning communication into thoughts is called decoding. The receiver decodes the message.

5. Feedback - When the receiver responds to the source, intentionally or unintentionally, she/he is giving feedback. Feedback is
composed of messages the receiver sends back to the source. Verbal or nonverbal, all these feedback signals allow the source to see how
well, how accurately (or how poorly and inaccurately) the message was received. Feedback also provides an opportunity for the receiver or
audience to ask for clarification, to agree or disagree, or to indicate that the source could make the message more interesting.

6. Environment - The environment is the atmosphere, physical and psychological, where an individual sends and receives messages.
This can include the tables, chairs, lighting, and sound equipment that are in the room. The room itself is an example of the environment.
The environment can also include factors like formal dress that may indicate whether a discussion is open and caring or more professional
and formal. People may be more likely to have an intimate conversation when they are physically close to each other, and less likely when
they can only see each other from across the room. In that case, they may text each other, itself an intimate form of communication. The
choice to text is influenced by the environment.

7. Context - The context of the communication interaction involves the setting, scene, and expectations of the individuals involved. A
professional communication context may involve business suits (environmental cues) that directly or indirectly influence expectations of
language and behavior among the participants.

8. Interference or noise – This is anything that blocks or changes the source’s intended meaning of the message. For example, if you
drove a car to work or school, chances are you were surrounded by noise. Car horns, billboards, or perhaps the radio in your car
interrupted your thoughts, or your conversation with a passenger. Psychological noise is what happens when your thoughts occupy your
attention while you are hearing, or reading, a message. Stereotypes, reputations, assumptions, and biases are examples of psychological
noise which affect communication. Interference can come from other sources, too. Perhaps you are hungry, and your attention to your
current situation interferes with your ability to listen. Maybe the office is hot and stuffy. Not all noise is bad, but noise interferes with the
communication process. For example, your cell phone ringtone may be a welcome noise to you, but it may interrupt the communication
process in class and bother your classmates.

Media and information influence to communication

Learning Module in Media and Information Literacy Module #1 Page 3 of 5

Media and information technology play a vital role in globalization. Through these, we become connected to different people around the
world. These have a significant influence on the modern culture and become tools in sharing information, ideas, personal messages, and
other content and have become more widespread and accessible. Not only that they become sources of information, but entertainment as
well.

Media, particularly social media provides great ways to connect, to interact, and to communicate with friends and family while living
separately. We can share pictures, videos, some information among our friends who are far away from us. Through social media, you can
make strong your existing relationships and can make new friends from all over the world through different social networking websites (A
Research Guide for Students, 2019). Social media reduce the barriers of communication and making it easier for everyone to express their
thoughts to the world (EASE Technology Solutions, 2016). Indeed, as technology grows and expands our range of communication, media
is becoming a vital tool for daily social interaction.

While media can be a good channel for communication and a good source of information, they also pose some threats to users. Among
these are as follows.

1. Media becomes a source of misinformation and fake news. These sometimes are utilized to push personal gain and agenda, making the
receiver of the information deceived, confused and misinformed.

2. Though media help us improve the way we communicate, it is also abused by many. Everybody publishes whatever they want and
unmindful of the consequences of their posts. Social media made everyone feel that they are allowed to say whatever comes to their mind,
making them say things that they would not normally say on personal encounters, thus fueling up bullying (EASE Technology Solutions,
2016).

3. Media can also pose medical, social and psychological issues. What is posted on media may cause dissatisfaction with body image,
creates addiction, promote identity stealing and can destroy interpersonal relationships.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Activity #3: Complete Me

Direction: Complete the following statements about what you have learned about the lesson.

1. Communication is ___________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Communication is a process because ___________________________________________________________________.
3. The positive influence of media and information to communication are __________________________________________.
4. The negative influence of media and information to communication are __________________________________________.

WHAT I CAN DO
Activity #4: Think Before You Click
Direction: Social media aren’t a purely negative or positive force—it all depends on how you use it. So if you want it to hold a positive, or
at least a neutral place in your life, it’s for you to take measures to use social media responsibly. Below are the activities that you will do to
show how it is to be a responsible social media user. Just ―choose one‖ from among the options. Submit your final output, with your FULL
NAME and SECTION. Put your output using yellow pad paper or print it using long coupon bond (8.5x13).

Task Options:
a. Make a campaign poster to promote responsible use of media and information.
b. Compose a song or a poem expressing how to be responsible media and information user.
c. List at least five etiquettes on the use of media and information.
d. Create an infographic on how to avoid the negative effects of media and information

ASSESSMENT (POST-TEST)
Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. The act of transferring information from one place, person or group to another is referred to as:
a. context b. communication c. media d. noise
2. The means of communication, such as radio, television, magazines, or the internet are referred to as:
a. media b. noise c. context d. interference
3. The process of developing and sending a message is referred to as:
a. decoding b. encoding c. interpretation d. noise
4. The process of turning communication into thoughts is known as:
a. decoding b. encoding c. environment d. noise
5. The encoder of communication is the
a. context b. environment c. transmission line d. source
6. When the receiver of your text message perceive your typing in all capitals as that you are shouting or angry, the situation falls under
a. decoding b. encoding c. feedback d. context

Learning Module in Media and Information Literacy Module #1 Page 4 of 5

7. The following are the positive effect of media to communication EXCEPT:
a. used as tools for sharing information, ideas, and messages b. great ways to connect with friends and families
c. utilized to deceive, confuse and misinform people d. source of entertainment
8. The following are the negative effect of social media to communication EXCEPT
a. become sources of misinformation and fake news
b. give confidence to the user to bully or harass individual
c. promote identity stealing
d. used as a means of teaching and learning in this new normal brought by COVID-19
9. The positive impact of information and technology to society are enumerated below, the one that is not is:
a. integral in democratic processes b. build communities
c. strengthened civil society d. tool in insinuating chaos and war among countries and people
10. This time a lot of items are being copied and uploaded on Facebook. Included are movies which are not meant to be for free viewing.
As responsible netizen, you must:
a. tag or notify your friends so that they could also enjoy free viewing. b. report the matter to facebook authorities.
c. download those and distribute to others. d. just allow things to happen, anyway many are doing it.

REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITY
Activity #5: The Pros and Cons of Media and Information Technology

Direction: As a youth belonging to the new generation, it is pretty obvious that media and information technology really have an influence
in you. In this activity, you are tasked to identify five media and information gadgets you have and state the positive and the negative
influences/effects of these in your life especially in dealing with other people. Submit your final output, with your FULL NAME and
SECTION. Put your output using yellow pad paper or print it using long coupon bond (8.5x13).

My MI Gadgets How I Utilize these gadgets Positive Effects / Influence on Negative Effects/Influence on
for communication my communication with my communication with
others others
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Activity #6: The Role of Media and Information on Education on the New Normal Brought about by the Covid-19 Pandemic

Direction: Write an essay composed of not less than 200 words about the topic ―The role of media and information in education in the new
normal brought about by the covid-19 pandemic‖. A rubric will be given by your teacher as the basis for assessing your work. Put your
output using yellow pad paper or print it using long coupon bond (8.5x13).

SUMMARY

Media and Information Literacy includes information and communication literacy and digital literacy. It is defined as a set of competencies
that empowers citizens to assess, retrieve, understand, evaluate and use, create, as well as share information and media content in all
formats, using various tools, in a critical, ethical and effective way in order to participate and engage in personal, professional and societal
activities. – unisco.org

REFERENCES
Media and Information Literacy Curriculum Guide by DepEd
Media and Information Literacy Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode by DepEd Region XI
Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
UNESCO Media and Information Literacy Curriculum for Teachers
http://faculty.georgetown.edu/irvinem/CCTP748/Carey-summary-comm-culture.html
http://juliemartin.org/juliemartin-audiencesreception.pdf
http://communicationtheory.org/category/communication-models/page/2/

Key Answer: 5. D 10. B

15. False 10. False 5. False 4. A 9. D
14. True 9. True 4. False 3. B 8. D
2. A 7. C
13. False 8. True 3. False
1. B 6. D
12. True 7. True 2. False Post-test
11.True 6. True 1.True
Pre-test

Learning Module in Media and Information Literacy Module #1 Page 5 of 5