CONJUNCTIONS

Contrast: although, even though, though, in spite of, despite, while, D) Sally and Peter are good friends, but they are very different.
whereas, however Compare Sally and Peter. Join each idea in A with the most suitable idea
A) Rephrase the sentences beginning with the words in brackets: in B.
Make sentences using WHILE / WHEREAS:
1. She has plenty of money, but she is very mean. (although) A B
………………………………………………………………………… 1. She likes hard work. a) He prefers classical music.
2. They have a car, but they rarely use it. (though) 2. She likes jazz and pop music. b) He prefers staying at home.
………………………………………………………………………… 3. She likes going out a lot. c) He can be rather mean.
3. He was innocent, but he was sent to prison. (although) 4. She’s very practical. d) He’s quite lazy.
………………………………………………………………………… 5. She’s very generous. e) He’s quite idealistic.
4. He was a number of relatives living nearby, but he never visits them. She likes hard work, while / whereas he’s quite lazy
(even though) 1. ………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………… 2. ………………………………………………………………………………
5. She never takes any kind of exercise, but she is quite fit and healthy. 3. ………………………………………………………………………………
(even though) 4. ………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
Reason and Result: because (of)
B) Fill the gaps with although, despite or inspite.
Complete the sentences in A using BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF and an idea
1. ..................... my warnings, he went to Colombia. from B.
2. ..................... she didn't want to see The Lord of the Rings, she enjoyed it in the Use each idea in B only one.
end. A B
3. ..................... of being bad at pool, she beat him three times in a row. 1. He phoned the police a) his bad leg
4. They visited Madrid .....................they didn't have time to visit El Prado. 2. I didn’t have any lunch b) I thought it might rain
5. ..................... it was raining, we decided to go anyway. 3. Our plane was delayed c) I wasn’t hungry
6. She decided to go abroad for a year.....................loving her boyfriend very 4. He went to Paris d) he’d lost his wallet
much. 5. I took an umbrella e) the fog
7. He went on holiday to Thailand ..................... of the expensive airfare. 6. He couldn’t run very fast f) he wanted to learn French
8. ..................... it was only the first time they met, they made friends
immediately. 1. …. He phoned the police because he’d lost his wallet.
9. The English actor Oliver Reed was often rude to people .....................he was 2. …………………………………………………………………………
always kind to animals. 3. …………………………………………………………………………
10. Socrates never had much money ..................... being very famous in his own 4. …………………………………………………………………………
day. 5. …………………………………………………………………………
6. …………………………………………………………………………
C) Rephrase the sentences using the words in brackets and a noun:

1. They went out for a walk, even though the weather was bad. (despite)
…………………………………………………………………………
2. She managed to write, even though her hand was injured. (in spite of) Fill in the blanks using “because or because of”
…………………………………………………………………………
1 - We stopped playing tennis......................the rain
3. All the trains were on time, even though the snow was heavy. (despite)
…………………………………………………………………………
2 - It was all......................her that we got into trouble
4. Our coach didn’t arrive late, even though the traffic was terrible.(in spite of) 3 - We had to hurry indoors ...................... it was raining
………………………………………………………………………
5. A lot of people buy those houses, even though the prices are high. (despite) 4 - I am late ...................... the traffic
......…………………………………………………………………
5 - We didn't arrive until seven o'clock ...................... the traffic was 7. ________ Leonardo Da Vinci is commonly thought of as a painter, he
was also an inventor.
terrible 8. ________ Michelangelo enjoyed creating, he made a lot of paintings,
6 - She found the exam easy ......................she had worked hard during sculptures and drawings.
9. ________ Nicole and Tom were married for 10 years, they weren't
the course together very often.
7 - He can't drive ...................... his illness 10.Johnny Depp needs a haircut ________ his hair is too long.

8 - The restaurant closed down ......................the recession Complete the sentences with although / in spite of / because /
because of.
9 - He found working in Japan very difficult ...................... the language
problem 1.……………………..it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.
2.……………………..all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.
10 - He's very difficult to understand ...................... his accent 3.……………………..we had planned everything carefully, a lot of things
went wrong.
"Because or Even Though?" 4. I went home early…………………….. I was feeling unwell.
5. She only accepted the job ……………………..the salary, which was very
high.
Use even though to show an
6. I managed to get to sleep…………………….. there was a lot of noise.
Use because to give a reason: unexpected result:
7. I couldn't get to sleep…………………….. the noise.
She was tired. She rested. Example: She was tired. She did
Because she was tired, she not rest.
rested. Even though she was tired, she
She rested because she was didn't rest.
tired. She didn't rest even though she
was tired.

Write BECAUSE or EVEN THOUGH in the blanks below.

1. ________it was sunny at the beach, everyone put on their sunglasses.

2. ________it was dark outside, Brad Pitt put on some sunglasses. He's a
star, you know!
3. ________Abby enjoys horses, she's learning how to ride. She wants her
own horse someday.
4. ________ Keanu Reeves is afraid of horses, he's learning how to ride
for his next film.
5. ________ Fred Astaire loved to dance, he made dancing movies. He
was a great dancer.
6. ________ Sandra Bullock couldn't dance well, she went out dancing
with her friends.