1.

Noun Clauses

Choose the word that best complete the sentences.

1. I talked to Bob two weeks ago. I thought he wanted to know about my cat, but I misunderstood him. He asked me where
_______, not my cat.
A) is my hat B) my hat was C) my hat is D) was my hat
2. "The people in the apartment upstairs must have a lot of children." "I don't know how many _______," but it sounds as if
they have a dozen."
A) children do they have B) do they have children C) children they have D) they have children
3. Do you know _______? I myself have no idea.
A) how many years the earth is B) how old the earth is C) how long the earth is D) how much time has been the earth
4. "There is too much noise in this room. I can't understand what _______" "Neither can I."
A) is the professor saying B) is saying the professor C) that the professor is saying D) the professor is saying
5. "I didn't expect Ann's husband to be here at the opera with her." "I'm surprised, too. Ann must have insisted that he
_______ with her."
A) will come B) comes C) should come D) has come
6. "Mrs. Wright, can you give me a little extra help typing some letters today?" "Sorry, I can't. The boss has an urgent report
for me to write. She demanded that it _______ on her desk by 5 p.m. Today."
A) was B) will be C) is D) be
7. "Did you tell Carol where _______ us this evening?" "Yes, I did. I can't understand why she is late."
A) should she meet B) she to meet C) she meets D) to meet
8. It is true _______ the law says there is no smoking in restaurants in this city.
A) that what B) that C) if D) what
9. "Bill Frazer seems like a good person for the job, but we don't know why he left his last job." "I know why. He told me
_______ a serious policy disagreement with his boss last January."
A) if he'd had B) that what he had C) what he'd had D) he'd had
10. "Is it true that you fell asleep in class yesterday and began to snore?" "Unfortunately, yes. _______ is unbelievable! I'm
very embarrassed."
A) That I could do such a thing it B) That I could do such a thing C) I could do such a thing it D) I could do such a
thing
11. "Officer, can you tell me how to get to Springfield?" "Sure. What part of Springfield _______ to go to?"
A) do you want B) where you want C) you want D) that you want
12. _______ prompt is important to our boss.
A) A person is B) Is a person C) if a person D) Whether or not a person is
13. A scientific observer of wildlife must note every detail of how _______ in their environment: their eating and sleeping
habits, their social relationship, and their methods of self-protection.
A) do animals live B) live animals C) do live animals D)animals live
14. The mysterious movie was clever and suspenseful. The audience couldn't predict _______ rescued the wounded penguin
until the ending.
A) who we B) who had C) that who D) that
15. "What are you going to buy in this store?" "Nothing. _______ want is much too expensive."
A) That I B) What I C) That what I D) What do I
 2. Noun Clauses

 Noun Clauses Beginning With A Question Word

 Noun Clauses Beginning With “Whether” and “If”
 Noun Clauses Beginning With “That”

1. ____ they didn't attend this important meeting is still a mystery for us.
A) What B) That C) Why D) When E) Where
2. After I went out, I suddenly realized that ____.
A) I would forget to lock the door B) I have to take my book with me
C) I will have finished my assignment D) they arrived at the place which had been appointed
E) I had forgotten to take the key
3. He can't believe ____ he gave up smoking last week.
A) what B) when C) whether D) why E) how
4. It seems ____ he won't be able to catch the last bus to the terminal.
A) that B) why C) what D) when E) as
5. ____ he chose to go this summer is not known by anyone.
A) In which B) What C) When D) Where E) Which
6. No one knows ____ he has finished all the necessary preparation. I will ask him tomorrow morning.
A) in which B) if C) what D) that E) which
7. There is a common belief throughout human history ____.
A) where to live B) that hell or heaven will be visited after death
C) the Mongols cannot be defeated D) the horse is the main vehicle of transportation
E) the ancestor of all the nations originated in Asia
8. I wonder ____.
A) how can a television work B) how can he be so rude
C) what does he think D) why is he so anti-social
E) how a person can run 100 metres under 10 seconds
9. What he was talking about in public ____ something he should only talk about with his intimate friends.
A) have been B) what C) how D) is E) that
10. ____ the speaker said next was lost in the general uproar.
A) Why B) The thing C) How D) What E) Whether
11. I couldn't have known ____ the bus comes.
A) where B) when C) in which D) at what E) how
12. I'd rather you didn't say anything ____ he proposed to you.
A) what B) when C) how D) why E) whether
13. It is very obvious ____.
A) what did he ask the lecturer B) why is she going to marry a man who is 20 years older than herself
C) that AIDS has changed social practices D) the one of the seven deadly sins is pride
E) it is impossible for man to live without water
14. If a person buys something in every store ____ he enters, for instance, a therapist might teach him selfdiscipline by
making him go to a store and leave not buying anything.
A) what B) where C) that D) how E) in which
15. No one could really understand ____ he left the meeting at the very beginning of the debate.
A) what B) why C) where D) whom E) whether
16. Experts in psychology believe ____ for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and influence.
A) why B) as C) whose D) what E) that
17. ____ is supported by our unlimited and immortal side which is called the soul.
A) That everyone will be judged according to his sins and good deeds there
B) Everyone will be questioned about what he has done, good or bad
C) What we have to do before we die
D) We are mortal and temporary but we want infinite things and immortality
E) How we die on earth will determine how we are given life after death
18. The idea ____ we should go to a picnic at the weekend is to be delayed for this week.
A) why B) what C) that D) how E) when
19. The fact ____ you have to go as soon as possible is none of my business.
A) why B) that C) whether D) how E) when
20. After the shoppers pass their credit cards through the machines, their orders go to a warehouse, __ sends them the items.
A) when B) which C) where D) why E) if
21. Videocatalogues are computers with screens ____ show pictures of products to buy.
A) that B) how C) why D) who E) of whom
22. What you all know about the case is ____ I have forgotten to do this morning.
A) that B) what C) how D) why E) when
23. I asked the lady in the front seat ____ old the little boy was.
A) why B) when C) how D) who E) that
24. ____ encourages him to work more efficiently.
A) He must be promoted soon B) Had he promoted
C) His believing that he will be promoted soon D) The boss increased his salary
E) He will be paid double salary
25. Compulsive bargain hunters, often buy things ____ they don't need just because they are cheap.
A) what B) how C) in which D) why E) that
26. Soon he will learn ____ nothing bad will happen to him if he doesn't buy anything whenever he enters a store.
A) what B) that C) how D) why E) when
27. He was not supposed to have done something like that so everyone was surprised and couldn't perceive __ he left school.
A) why B) how C) when D) whether E) if
28. I don't know ____.
A) what will he do in summer B) what does he want to leave the job
C) when did the concert start D) whether he is telling the truth or not
E) which book does the professor recommend for the class to read
29. It is very obvious ____.
A) he should be telling the truth B) he is supposed to have been studying the project
C) he is not guilty at all D) to have been informed about the meeting dates
E) that Michael Jordan is the most expensive basketball player in the world
30. They say he doesn't even know ____ to use the computer in his office.
A) why B) how C) where D) when E) what
31. ____ is accepted by many scientists.
A) You can only think and express yourself if you know a lot of words
B) That a person can learn better when he is relaxed
C) A person can think and express himself through the words he knows
D) Why we have to improve our word knowledge
E) Sometimes we feel something that we can't express
32. Most of them had secretaries ____ typed, filed papers, and answered phones.
A) why B) whom C) which D) who E) where
33. ____ must be taken into account.
A) He is one of the famous spies of the U.S.A
B) Owing to the fact that he may be telling lies
C) This quality at a such a low price tells me that the item was probably stolen
D) That he may be telling lies E) He may be telling lies
34. ____ the play was performed efficiently or not will be questioned in the meeting tomorrow.
A) When B) How C) Whether D) That E) Why
35. The fact that he has come late every night ____ because he is not happy at home.
A) as B) stemmed from C) is D) were to E) why
36. I want to spend my holiday _____ we went last year.
A) what B) that C) at which D) where E) in which
3. Adjective Clauses (Relative Clauses)

 Defining Relative Clauses

 Non-Defining Relative Clauses
 Reduction Of Relative Clauses

1. My mother, ____, asked me to buy a new one.

A) which has two umbrellas B) where she has forgotten her umbrella
C) whose brother was killed D) whose umbrella had been stolen in a bus
E) who likes to watch ancient Turkish films
2. This is Mr Advisor ____ book the questions were prepared and edited perfectly.
A) in which B) whom C) in whose D) whose E) from whose
3. This is the richest man in this village ____ house the jewellery was stolen last night.
A) whom B) whose C) in which D) in whose E) from whose
4. They have to think of a way ____ they can earn more money.
A) which B) with which C) that D) from which E) by which
5. National experts chose some criteria ____ were determined by the board of educationalists in the area.
A) what B) in which C) those of which D) any of which E) most of which
6. Spring is the time of year ____.
A) where we can swim and wash our clothes B) wherever you want to go
C) when flowers bloom D) which has more than three months to live
E) of which I was born
7. That was the reason ____ everybody hated him.
A) for which B) by which C) whose D) on which E) with whom
8. I never understood ____ he didn't talk to me anymore.
A) for what B) why C) of which D) from which E) with whom
9. I called my friend, ____ is a dentist, to fix my teeth, ____ were decayed.
A) who / what B) who / all of which C) which / all of which D) who / of which E) whom / which
10. The real value of money is determined by its purchasing power, ____ in turn depends on the level of commodity prices.
A) that B) which C) what D) in which E) of which
11. Turkiye, ____ is located between Asia and Europe, is a bridge between the West and the Middle East.
A) which B) in which C) of which D) who E) where
12. My grandfather, ____, got married again last year.
A) where he wanted to go B) in which we stayed for years
C) who is over 60 years old D) who died five years ago
E) whose funeral was organized by the family two years ago
13. The yellow cab ____ I collided was totally wrecked.
A) of which B) with which C) from which D) to whom E) from whom
14. I found a way ____ I can go home much earlier.
A) on which B) by which C) of whom D) from which E) with which
15. My boss will hire an English teacher ____.
A) where there are two hundred students B) he should know and use the language efficiently
C) who has at least two years' experience D) whose house was broken into in two weeks time
E) which was decorated richly
16. Do you know the tunnel ____ you can go there 40 minutes earlier.
A) of whom B) through which C) on which D) whose E) which
17. This is the most valuable museum in the city ____ the most valuable diamond was stolen last week.
A) from whom B) in which C) whose D) from which E) that
18. No one can give any meaning ____ he left the school in his last year.
A) when B) whom C) why D) for whom E) from which
19. He offered us two persons to work with ____ participation in the program I objected.
A) to whose B) which C) who D) whose E) whoever
20. They range from simple boxes with one knob ____ the pupil turns, to complex computers.
A) who B) which C) from which D) of which E) to which
21. The engineers ____ repaired the clock believe that the breakdown was the result of metal fatigue.
A) whose B) whom C) of whose D) from whom E) who
22. I took several books, ____ we will have to read during the next semester.
A) from whom B) whom C) in which D) all of which E) where
23. Do you remember the artist ____ signature we asked for last month?
A) who B) whose C) of which D) which E) from whom
24. I don't know the exact reason ____ he is angry with me.
A) when B) why C) where D) who E) what
25. Please, leave a note in front of the mirror ____ he can see it as soon as he enters the house.
A) when B) which C) where D) why E) what
26. This is the woman ____ house the safe was stolen in the middle of the day.
A) whom B) who C) in which D) whose E) from whose
27. We met thousands of elephants, ____ were baby elephants walking in the middle of others.
A) many of whom B) any of which C) that D) of many E) several hundred of which
28. These are the three main reasons ____ everyone wants to go to that school.
A) by which B) whom C) why D) in which E) with whose
29. The film is about a man ____ has a great deal of property but is very unhappy because he cannot find the happiness ____
the poor have in their hearts.
A) who / that B) whom / which C) with whom / in which D) whose / in which E) whose / that
30. The boy ____ I borrowed the car asked me to drive carefully.
A) whose B) from whose C) whom D) from whom E) of which
31. The subject ____ scientists have been studying is air pollution's effects on people.
A) to where B) by which C) on which D) whose E) for which
32. This is the school ____ I used to study for the university entrance exam.
A) that B) on which C) at which D) through which E) for which
33. My teacher, ____ book has sold over million copies, is a professor.
A) to whom B) to whose C) of whose D) for whose E) whose
34. I have never heard ____ funny stories ____ she told.
A) same / as B) so / that C) so / as D) such / as E) same / like
35. The old man ____ I was travelling told me his life story.
A) with whose B) of whom C) whom D) with whom E) whose
36. That is the house ____ walls were repainted several times.
A) that B) which C) with which D) whom E) whose
4. Conjunctions and Adverbial Clauses
1. _____ I dislike sentimental films, sometimes, when I’m not feeling very energetic, I can curl up on the sofa and watch one.
A) As soon as B) Much as C) The moment D) However E) Despite
2. She is fed up with sharing a house with others; ______, she is looking for her own flat.
A) moreover B) therefore C) however D) although E) nevertheless
3. He is not leaving the company because he is not happy there; _____ he has enjoyed working there, but he has other
reasons.
A) on the other hand B) as a result C) however D) on the contrary E) nonetheless
4. This diet and exercise plan is _____ costly ______ painful, so anyone with a little willpower can follow it with ease.
A) not only / but also B) no matter / how C) so much / that D) whether / or E) neither / nor
5. _____ her illness leaving her very weak at times, she tries to derive pleasure from life.
A) Despite B) Whereas C) Although D) However E) Instead of
6. She had __ placed the plate of cakes on the table ___ the children gave her the empty plate and requested some more.
A) the moment / while B) hardly / when C) neither / nor D) yet / still E) not only / but also
7. ______ how many windows I open, I can’t get any air movement in the house.
A) Even if B) Although C) No matter D) Whereas E) However
8. We had better take a spare blanket with us _____ it gets cooler than we expect in the mountains.
A) if only B) so that C) thus D) in case E) even though
9. _____ they played better than they have so far in the cup, they lost the match.
A) Despite B) No sooner C) In contrast D) However E) Although
10. _____ television channel you watch, the news bulletins are all the same as if written by the same person!
A) No matter B) However C) Whichever D) As soon as E) The more
11. _____ relieve some of the burdens on the city’s only airport, they are planning to build a second one.
A) No matter B) In case C) In order to D) Even though E) how
12. Our students have to choose to study _____ French _____ Spanish because they are the compulsory languages selected
by the board.
A) such / as B) neither / nor C) scarcely / and D) whether / or E) either / or
13. ______ we discuss the fine details, let me ask you whether you are interested in our offer.
A) However B) Consequently C) Afterwards D) In spite of E) Before
14. Western Scotland is wild and mountainous, ___ eastern Scotland is lush farmland.
A) despite B) whereas C) as a result D) nevertheless E) therefore
15. I don’t see why the boys can’t go fishing ____ they promise to stay together and come back before it gets dark.
A) whereas B) no matter C) whether D) as long as E) in spite of
16. _____ your mothers’ efforts in making the costumes, the whole cast of the play looked great.
A) Despite B) However C) Thanks to D) As a result E) Much as
17. He was _____ well-liked ______ everybody in the firm gave generously towards the retirement present.
A) so / that B) not only / and C) either / or D) neither / nor E) both / and
18. He was just ____ calm ____ anybody who could be under these circumstances.
A) not only / but also B) so / that C) much / than D) as / as E) neither / nor
19. ____ does the International Students’ Society help foreign students settle in ___ it organises sightseeing trips as well.
A) So / that B) No sooner / than C) Not only / but D) Both / and E) Neither / nor
20. ___ ‘Internet Cafes’, students who can’t afford computers have access to the Internet and e-mail.
A) In order that B) Owing to C) Wherever D) Whereas E) Whoever
21. Black bears don’t usually attack humans. ___, they normally run away from us.
A) On the contrary B) On the other hand C) Furthermore D) Consequently E) Nevertheless
22. She has been looking much more enthusiastic about the future ____ she accepted her new job.
A) since B) until C) before D) when E) by the time
23. ____ the renovation of their football stadium, the team will be using another team’s ground next season.
A) However B) While C) Due to D) Because E) Whereas
24. The traffic into town usually gets a bit lighter ________ the schools have closed for the summer.
A) in case B) so that C) while D) once E) although
25. ____ your mother comes to visit, we must remember to give her the things your sister left for her.
A) Whereas B) When C) However D) By the time E) No matter
26. When deep-sea diving, you must pay attention to the time, __ staying underwater too long may result in serious illness.
A) whereas B) so C) for D) but E) whenever
27. Please answer the telephone for the next hour ____ the receptionist has gone to the dentist.
A) while B) until C) therefore D) so E) as
28. The residents received some warning of the tornado; ____, several people were injured.
A) nonetheless B) despite C) even though D) thus E) otherwise
29. ___ the authorities try, they don’t seem to be able to reduce the crime rate.
A) Whoever B) No sooner C) No matter D) Whatever E) By the time
30. ___ vast distances and great difficulties in transportation, there was a remarkable amount of trade in the ancient world.
A) Whenever B) As a consequence of C) While D) Even though E) In spite of
31. __ the facts that the café is close to the university and offers reasonably priced meals, it is very popular with students.
A) On account B) Owing to C) Whereas D) Because E) As long as
32. There is a lot of jellyfishes in the water around here; ________ they are a harmless variety.
A) no matter B) besides C) consequently D) however E) much as
33. Playing games in the back, the children didn’t get bored ____ we drove to the resort.
A) by the time B) for C) as D) during E) since
34. He was tired of commuting such a long way to work, __ he was quite excited when a local company offered him a job.
A) as B) so C) for D) though E) still
35. It was clear that ________ how much he protested, he was not going to change his mind.
A) no matter B) whereas C) whenever D) whatever E) although
36. ____ it was extremely windy, we managed to have a good game of beach volleyball.
A) However B) No matter C) In spite of D) Even though E) For fear that
37. We are going to set out at dawn tomorrow, ____ we have loaded up the car tonight.
A) as B) when C) so D) for E) because
38. We had to move offices temporarily ________ a new carpet was being fitted in ours.
A) much as B) wherever C) during D) until E) while
39. We cannot move back into our office ____ the workmen have cleared up.
A) while B) by the time C) as long as D) until E) when
40. His parents were happy that he managed to gain a university degree____ his handicap.
A) thus B) provided C) besides D) though E) despite
41. _____ the sports centre has marvellous facilities, it is usually crowded with sports enthusiasts.
A) Despite B) Whenever C) Because D) However E) On account
42. Working hours for farmers, ____ the fixed hours of office workers, are irregular and dependent upon the needs of
livestock and crops.
A) in order to B) in contrast to C) nevertheless D) in spite of E) on the other hand
43. ____ we scrubbed the floor, ____ obvious it became that a special cleaning fluid would be required to remove the marks.
A) Hardly / when B) Not only / but also C) However / so D) No matter / how E) The more / the more
44. I have heard that he has been doing well ________ he opened his own language school.
A) since B) while C) no sooner D) when E) by the time
45. ____ the way they are portrayed in numerous films and stories as man-eating creatures, only a few species of sharks are
known to attack humans
A) As B) Owing to C) Unlike D) Although E) Because
46. ____ people are more aware of the cruelty of importing exotic animals, dealers are less likely to find buyers for pets such
as monkeys and parrots.
A) As a result B) Because of C) Nevertheless D) In contrast to E) Now that
47. He had ________ opened the doors of the shop ________ a customer came in and bought all the fresh cream cakes.
A) both / and B) not only / but also C) the earlier / the more D) no sooner / than E) neither / nor
48. I like to read my newspaper ________ travelling to work, but I often leave it behind.
A) instead of B) while C) as soon as D) because of E) since
49. ____ you have used the photocopier, please don’t forget to turn it off.
A) After B) While C) Just D) Before E) Unless
50. I’m worried about him as he went directly to bed ________ hardly touching his dinner.
A) while B) when C) before D) after E) until
51. People often don’t tell the truth on market surveys; ______, the results obtained from them are not always accurate.
A) for B) otherwise C) due to D) thus E) however
52. The people of Quebec, Canada, are ____patriotic ____ the blue and white provincial flag flies over many homes and
businesses.
A) but / still B) neither / nor C) just as / when D) not only / but also E) so / that
53. The ban on night-time visitors to Patara beach is _____ the fact that the turtles get confused about which direction the sea
is when they see artificial light.
A) because B) due to C) despite D) though E) in order to
54. ____ we sat down for our coffee break, the fire alarm rang.
A) Hardly B) Seeing that C) As long as D) Until E) Just as
55. ________ being an accomplished artist Leonardo da Vinci was also a sculptor, an architect and a man of science.
A) Not only B) However C) In order to D) Besides E) Moreover
Ansvers
1. Noun Clauses 2. Noun Clauses 3. Adjective Clauses 4. Conjunctions and
(Relative Clauses) Adverbial Clauses
1: C 1: D 1: B
1.B 2: E 2: C 2: B
2.C 3: E 3: E 3: D
3.B 4: A 4: E 4: E
4.D 5: D 5: E 5: A
6: B 6: C 6: B
5.C 7: B 7: A 7: C
6.D 8: E 8: B 8: D
7.D 9: D 9: B 9: E
8.B 10: D 10: B 10: C
11: B 11: A 11: C
9.D 12: B 12: C 12: E
10.B 13: C 13: B 13: E
11.A 14: C 14: B 14: B
12.D 15: B 15: C 15: D
16: E 16: B 16: C
13.D 17: A 17: D 17: A
14.B 18: C 18: C 18: D
15.B 19: B 19: A 19: C
20: B 20: B 20: B
21: A 21: E 21: A
22: B 22: D 22: A
23: C 23: E 23: C
24: C 24: B 24: D
25: E 25: C 25: B
26: B 26: E 26: C
27: A 27: E 27: E
28: D 28: C 28: A
29: E 29: A 29: D
30: B 30: D 30: E
31: B 31: C 31: B
32: D 32: C 32: D
33: D 33: E 33: C
34: C 34: D 34: B
35: C 35: D 35: A
36: D 36: E 36: D
37: C
38: E
39: D
40: E
41: C
42: B
43: E
44: A
45: C
46: E
47: D
48: B
49: A
50: D
51: D
52: E
53: B
54: E
55: D