INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND *Prosthetis
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY *Capti - easily listen to books online, listen to
The Current State of ICT the news, convert DOC and PDF files to speech
- today form a complex puzzle. as society enters
Online Systems and Platforms
the digital world, the dynamic between
- services available on the Internet. It includes
technology and human society changes now
online marketplaces, search engines, creative
starting to fully understand.
content outlets, and communication platforms
Information and Communication Technology that users interact with according to their
- Technologies that advance communications. needs.
transmission systems allowing people and
Marketplaces
organizations to interact in the digital world.
- two important features of online marketplace
Web Generations This technology comes from are the sellers and buyers that trade products
the innovations made from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0. and services on e-commerce website.
Web 1.0 is Tim Berners-Lee pioneered in 1990 Search Engines
by writing fundamental technologies that - web-based tool designed to retrieve
became the foundation of the world wide web information online specific to what the users
and the first webpage browser. need. Ex. Google, Yahoo!, and Microsoft Bing.
Web 2.0 shift that happened in how the internet • Crawl: web crawlers, as spiders, find new
is used in the past 15-20 years. Making it sites, and identify new links to be used.
possible for usergenerated content to be viewed
• Index: gathered data by crawlers then
by people around the world in an instant.
analyzed, and organized an index for engines to
Web 3.0 built on the concepts of find the information quickly when searched.
decentralization which aim for data to be stored
• Search: search engine translates inputted
in multiple locations simultaneously and not on
words into terms that relate to its index using
a single server like Web 2.0 does greater user
natural language processing (NLP) which uses
utility using machine learning to enable
machine learning to understand a query. The
computers to produce faster.
search engine then accesses its index to find
Convergent Technologies web pages that match the query.
- two or more independent technologies
• Rank: Search engines have algorithms used to
combine to form a new device.
present a list of results organized by what it
Social Use thinks is the best answer to the query based on
- to connect with people around the world matching the keywords used.
instantly through social media. provide faster
Creative Content Outlets
and more interactive communication online.
- websites that utilize different types of media to
Assistive Technology communicate products, services, and the person
- any device, or equipment that supports people or brand itself.
with disabilities.
Creative content can refer to any of the
*Chrome Vox - screen reader extension on following:
Google Chrome
• Blog – written content run by a team or an 1. Never trust anyone: Look for safer
individual, referred to as a blogger, that shares alternatives that can avoid recording and saving
their opinion and knowledge on several topics information that might be used in the future
for a target audience. WordPress, and LinkedIn 2. Do not disclose too much information: limit
are common platforms for blog. posting personal information.
3. Cross-check a website: Phishing, an illegal
• Video –creative video ranges from brand
way of pretending to be a legitimate website, is
videos, animation, and educational videos to
rampant these days. Make sure the correct link
vlogs. popular way to get message across as
and spelling are observed before doing any
video combines movement, sound, and text.
communication and transaction online.
• Infographics – visual representations of 4. Click links accordingly: never click shortened
information and data such as charts and graphs links unless it comes from reputable source.
with minimal text compared to a traditional
Online Security safeguards confidential
presentation. It is commonly used for email
information against dangerous attacks and
marketing, and educational purposes.
cybercrimes. Here are some major security
Communication Platforms measures to consider online:
- best used in achieving better collaboration and 1. Password Security
connection with anyone across different 2. Multi-factor Authentication
distances. commonly used by businesses, 3. Installing Anti-virus
organizations for a faster exchange information. 4. Backup Storage
Examples include the following: Online Etiquette idea of behaving with kindness
and respect to others who utilize the benefits
• Microsoft 365 – productivity tool that and advantages of the Internet.
includes MS Teams, OneDrive, and, storing
documents from Microsoft Office. Here are some major proper online etiquettes.
• Google Workspace – web-based tool that 1. Proper use of tone: Observe proper use of
assures secured collaboration and productivity tone by considering the situation and the setting
apps for businesses. of the conversation.
2. Proofreading the message: The
• Dropbox – user-friendly cloud-sharing instantaneous benefit of online communication
solution for managing shared files, reducing is a double-edged sword that can cause major
email needs, and improving collaboration problems.
between employees 3. Respect for privacy: Technical skills can be
Online Safety, Security, and Etiquette learned online, especially ways how to hack or
main responsibility of the user to explore and snoop on confidential information.
use cyberspace with heightened safety 4. Be prepared and minimize distractions;
check if the camera and mic work and by
Online Safety making sure that distractions are limited.
- users can defend themselves against possible
dangers online. 5. Avoid misinformation; advisable to validate
any form of information such as news, articles,
Here are some major safety precautions to infographics, and blogs before sharing them
consider online: with others.
3. Presentation Program – software tool
to create a slideshow for professional or
APPLIED PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS AND VISUAL
educational purposes. A slideshow is
DESIGN
presented and explained one slide at a
Applied Productivity Tools
time to discuss a specific topic, report,
- resources on the Internet that allow
or data.
individuals and organizations to increase
productivity based on specific outputs that can Here are some tips to consider:
be written, visual, or audio. • Simple Structure: essential to have a structure
that the presenter and the audience can follow,
1. Word Processor – application/device
no matter how complex the topic is.
lets users write, edit, print documents.
• Visual Aids: Explaining without visual cues
can use to improve their documents, such as:
makes it difficult for the audience to understand
• Text Copy – allows copying the same text
any topic fully.
multiple times in the document.
• Text Cut - removes text from original position. • Preparedness and Confidence: Being
• Paste – an action done when a copied or cut prepared and confident in a presentation is the
text is ready to be posted or shown again perfect recipe for success.
• Multimedia – lets the use and insertion of
4. Graphic Design Tools – programs and
multimedia such as images, and video
applications that let users design, edit,
• Text Formatting – formal changes in the
animate, and illustrate their work
document through font change, font styles
online.
• Spelling, Grammar, and Autocorrect – allows
the correct use of defined language Types of graphic design include the following
• Other features- tables, layout customization, • Web Design –planning, conceptualizing, and
search and replace, headers, and footers. organizing how online content is displayed, such
as on a website.
Word processors have different types of file
• Advertising and Marketing Design –
extensions, text files (.txt), HTML files (.htm
promoting products and services through ads,
and .html), and Word files (.doc and .docx)
logos, brochures, packaging attract customers.
2. Spreadsheet – worksheet, file • Motion Design and Animation – inanimate
consisting of rows/ columns help sort, objects appear to move in a specific manner.
organize, arrange, and calculate. • Illustration –creating visual outputs such as
photographs, drawings, and graphs.
various purposes, such as the following:
• Publication Design –designing printed
• Forms – for handling inventories, timesheets,
materials such as books, magazines, posters,
surveys, and personal information.
newspapers, and their online equivalent.
• Finance – checking account information such
as billing, receipts, transactions, and budget. Fundamentals of Graphics Design and Layouts
• School and Grades – tracking student appreciating the smallest details that make up
performace, calculating grades. the overall composition. It applies to any project
• Lists – for simple uses such as to-do, grocery, that aims to create or enhance a design.
and telephone lists.
Principles of Graphics Design
The following primary principles provide a good
foundation for making any design decisions. same structure, composition as ridged confines
1. Unity – prime principle and objective of of a grid is considered a rule of thumb, and
design as other principles aim to serve this communication as it organizes essential
result. coherence of the design elements such features and information.
as line, shape, texture, color, point, and their
Principles of Visual Message Design
positions, gives sense that all parts.
2. Variety – visual interest in what is ordinary A visual message communicates information
and bland. This balance includes excitement and and ideas using and combining various graphic
results in a creative design. design elements. It can be in multiple formats,
3. Hierarchy – manage and arrange the order of such as advertisements, photographs,
design elements, including organization, webpages, and infographics.
positioning, and identifying important part of
design. provides a visual path for the viewers Visual literacy skills a viewer uses when
and achieves effective communication. reading images. often understated given factors
4. Proportion – size relationship between such as attention span.
elements such as the height and width of a In creating a visual message, it is important to
rectangle may have a 2 to 4 relationship, assess the Audience, The purpose and
5. Balance – visual weight distribution of Intention , Context
elements within a design. It has two main forms,
which are symmetrical and asymmetrical Achieving the three helps take advantage of the
balance. following benefits of visual messaging:
• An exciting way of information exchange than
Graphic design also has support principles that text-based
help achieve the primary principles. • Generational enjoyment as it is more
• Size and Scale – size of the elements within a appealing and allows people to memorize
composition used as a comparison or measured information better.
in units. • Cross-cultural communication as it removes
• Movement – prescribed visual path viewers language barriers using more universal signs
must follow through a layout with hierarchy. and symbols.
• Proximity – placement of elements together
and apart and the relative size and distance Effective Visual Message Design Principles
between them. When a visual message is communicated
• Repetition – placement of elements in a efficiently, it builds trust, rapport, and credibility
regular pattern that may vary in size and shape with the audience.
to provide variety and unity. Here are some design principles for a
Creating Layout placing images, text, and compelling visual design:
graphics together provides the visuals to be 1. Using simple design by avoiding too many
printed or published. different colors or fonts.
2. Using contrasting colors effectively draws
Grid subdivides a page vertically and attention to specific and necessary details.
horizontally into margins, columns, lines of type, 3. Using high-quality and original images to
and space between blocks of type and images. avoid confusion and set it apart from others.
Overall, a grid provides repeatability to make 4. Using a creative background that blends well
similar pages in a multipage design have the with the content to add impact to the image.
5. Use the correct tool and platform to cover
and display the message.
