Candidate Number Candidate Name

JUNIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

LIFE SCIENCE 1220/1
WRITTEN PAPER 2 hours 15 minutes

Marks 130 2015

Additional Materials: Multiple-choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB)
Ruler

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES

SECTION A
• Make sure that you receive the multiple-choice answer sheet with your Candidate Number on it to
answer Section A.
• There are thirty questions.
• Answer all questions.
• For each question there are four possible answers, A, B, C and D. choose the one you consider
correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate multiple choice answer sheet.
• If you want to change an answer, thoroughly erase the one you wish to delete.

SECTION B
• Write your Candidate Number and Candidate Name in the spaces at the top of this page.
• Write your answers on the Question Paper in the spaces provided.

• Answer all questions.

• Write in dark blue or black pen.

 For Examiner’s Use
• Use a pencil for diagrams, graphs or rough working.
• Do not use correction fluid. Section B
• You may use a non-programmable calculator.
• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question Marker
or part question.
Checker

This document consists of 25 printed pages.

Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND CULTURE
© MoEAC/DNEA JSC 2015 Life Science [Turn over
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SECTION A
• Answer all questions.
• For each question there are four possible answers, A, B, C and D. Choose the one
you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate multiple-
choice answer sheet.
• If you want to change an answer, thoroughly erase the one you wish to delete.
1 Most micro-organisms swallowed with food are killed by
A red blood cells.
B saliva.
C stomach acids.
D white blood cells.

2 HIV can be transmitted by

A eating from the same dish.
B having unprotected sex.
C sharing clothes.
D sneezing or coughing.

3 Which one is a social implication of infectious diseases in Namibia?

A high levels of employment
B increased productivity
C low cost of medical treatment
D orphaned children

4 Which formula should be used to calculate the magnification of an object?

A magnification = actual size ÷ drawing size
B magnification = actual size x drawing size
C magnification = drawing size - actual size
D magnification = drawing size ÷ actual size

5 The branch of biology that deals with the identification and naming of organisms
is called
A cladism.
B dichotomous.
C nomenclature.
D taxonomy.

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6 The largest group into which organisms are classified is

A family.
B genus.
C kingdom.
D species.

7 Which of the following is the proper way to write the scientific name for the plain
zebra?
A Equis quagga
B equis quagga
C Equis Quagga
D EQUIS QUAGGA

8 Which one of the following explains cell theory?

A Cells are eukaryotic.
B Cells are prokaryotic.
C Cells are the building blocks of all living things.
D Cells are food for all living things.

9 Which part of the cell surface membrane represents the bilayer?

A

C
D

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10 The diagram shows a section through part of a leaf.

Which one represents a tissue?

11 To which kingdom does the following organism belong?

A animalia
B fungi
C plantae
D protista

12 In Namibia, Tilapia is the main fish that is farmed because

A the species has a high oxygen demand.
B the species has a low oxygen demand.
C the species is not tolerant of disease.
D the species is not tolerant to high temperature.

13 Pregnant women are advised to eat more green, leafy vegetables and red meat
because their unborn babies need
A calcium and vitamin D for bone formation.
B iron for making haemoglobin.
C protein for making their tissue.
D vitamin C to build new skin.
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14 Proteins are made from atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Some
proteins also contain
A iodine and chlorine.
B iron and magnesium.
C magnesium and potassium.
D sulphur and phosphorus.

15 A person at rest has a breathing rate of 18 breaths per minute. Which one
shows the breathing rate of this person during exercise?
A 9 breaths per minute.
B 12 breaths per minute.
C 17 breaths per minute.
D 23 breaths per minute.

16 Vessels that carry blood towards the heart are known as

A arteries.
B capillaries.
C veins.
D venules.

17 Why is it important to maintain a balance between the intake and loss of water?
A to maintain a constant concentration of blood and tissue fluid
B to maintain constant exchange of gases in the blood
C to prevent the body from expelling excess water
D to prevent variation in glucose levels in the blood

18 Which of the following hormones is produced by the pancreas?

A adrenalin
B insulin
C testosterone
D thyroxine

19 The part of the brain that is concerned with intelligence is the

A cerebellum.
B cerebrum.
C hypothalamus.
D medulla.

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20 At the joints, the function of cartilage is to

A hold the bones together.
B join muscles to the bones.
C prevent bones from being worn out by friction.
D protect the synovial fluid.

21 Which hormone causes the voice change in males during puberty?

A adrenaline
B oestrogen
C progesterone
D testosterone

22 The embedding of an embryo into the lining of the uterus is called

A ejaculation.
B fertilisation.
C implantation.
D ovulation.

23 What causes a baby to be expelled from the womb?

A bursting of the amnion
B contraction of the uterus muscle
C dilation of the cervix
D kicking of the baby

24 Which activity poses no harm to a foetus?

A drinking alcohol
B exercising moderately
C smoking cigarettes
D using drugs

25 If a sperm containing an X chromosome fertilises an ovum, the zygote will

develop into a
A boy with an XX genotype.
B boy with an XY genotype.
C girl with an XX genotype.
D girl with an XY genotype.

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26 Mutation is the main source of

A genetic inheritance.
B genetic elimination.
C genetic variation.
D similarity in genetic traits.

27 The slow and gradual change in characteristics of a species over a long period
of time is known as
A evolution.
B inheritance.
C mutation.
D variation.

28 An organised profile of a person's chromosomes is called

A co-dominance.
B genes.
C a karyotype.
D a nucleus.

29 The following are ecological effects of global warming except

A acid rain.
B drought.
C floods.
D melting of polar ice.

30 Regular exercise can improve one's health in all the following ways except
A genetically.
B mentally.
C physically.
D socially.

[30]

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SECTION B For Examiner’s

Use
• Answer all the questions in Section B.
• Use a pencil when making drawings or drawings graphs.
1 Fig. 1.1 shows a male and female Anopheles mosquito.

Fig. 1.1
(a)  (i) State the name of the protozoan that causes malaria.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Give a reason why the female transmits malaria and the male does not.

................................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Which mosquito A or B will transmit the parasite?

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) Explain how you knew which mosquito was female in (iii).

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) Fig. 1.2 shows the life cycle of the malaria parasite in the human body. For Examiner’s
Use

mosquito feeds
and infects the
primary host

2 5

Fig. 1.2

(i) Describe what happens at:

Stage 2 ..................................................................................................

. ....................................................................................................... and

Stage 3...................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) State the blood cell that is infected by the protozoan.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Suggest a reason why the specific blood cell mentioned in (ii) is preferred.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) List one symptom of malaria.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

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(c) The body can be made immune to infections without it having to suffer the For Examiner’s
Use
full effects of a disease by immunisation.

(i) Name the preparation of treated pathogens that is injected during

immunisation.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Which blood cells are stimulated by vaccination?

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Disease-causing micro-organisms can be fought using medicines.

Give one important advantage of using traditional medicine.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

[12]

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows a light microscope. For Examiner’s

Use
A

Fig. 2.1
(a)  (i) Identify parts A and B.

A.............................................................................................................

B............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) State the function of part B.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Describe how one should go about to focus a specimen on a microscope.

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[5]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows five different animals. For Examiner’s

Use
A
B C

D
E

Fig. 3.1
(a) Use the key below to identify each animal. Write the name of each animal
in the correct box in Table 3.2.

1 (a) body not divided into segments go to 2

(b) body divided into segments go to 4

2 (a) body is worm-like nematode

(b) body not worm-like go to 3

3 (a) shell present snail

(b) shell not present slug

4 (a) not more than 13 segments fly maggot

(b) more than 13 segments earthworm

Table 3.2
animal name of animal
A
B
C
D
E
[5]

(b) Discuss the relationship between classification and evolution.

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [3]

[8]

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4 The diagrams below show ciliated epithelial cells and a bacterial cell. For Examiner’s
Use
cilia
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus

(a) Complete the sentences below by underlining the correct term/word in

brackets to make the statements true.

(i) Bacterial cells are examples of (eukaryotic/prokaryotic) cells because

they lack a true (nucleus/gene). [2]

(ii) Ciliated epithelial cells line the trachea forming epithelial (system/
tissue) that helps to clean air entering the trachea. [1]

(iii) Cilia are (microscopic/prokaryotic) hair-like extensions of the cell

membrane. [1]

(b) Arrange the parts of the body listed below in order of size starting with the
largest.

cell, organ, tissue, organ system

....................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Which organ system in the body

(i) produces hormones?

. ..............................................................................................................

(ii) removes waste from the body?

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

[7]
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5 (a) Fill in the spaces in the table below to show the main differences between For Examiner’s
Use
monocotyledons and dicotyledons.

monocotyledon dicotyledon

leaves (i) .................................... broad leaf

veins on leaves parallel (ii) ..........................................

cotyledons one (iii) .........................................

flower parts (iv) .................................. groups of four or five

roots adventitious (v) ..........................................

[5]

(b) List two features which monocotyledons and dicotyledons have in common.

1.....................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

2.....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[7]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows five food groups that the body needs for a balanced diet. Use the For Examiner’s
Use
diagram to answer the questions that follow.

E
C

D
Fig. 6.1
(a) What is meant by the term balanced diet?

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Using a letter from Fig. 6.1, identify the food that

(i) is the main source of energy in the body. ............................................. [1]

(ii) helps with insulation in the body. ......................................................... [1]

(c)  (i) From the list below, identify one organic nutrient.

List: water, carbohydrates, proteins, mineral salts, fats, vitamins

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Explain what is meant by the term organic nutrient.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

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(d) Butter in groups C and D in Fig. 6.1 is an example of fat. For Examiner’s
Use

(i) List the three elements that make up fats.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) State the component in butter that can lead to functional disorders in
the human circulatory system.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(e) Food group A is rich in proteins.

State the deficiency disease in humans caused by a of lack of proteins.

....................................................................................................................... [1]

[9]

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7 Fig. 7.1 shows the human breathing system. For Examiner’s

Use

A
B

Fig. 7.1

(a) Identify the parts labelled A, B and C.

A ..................................................................................................................

B ..................................................................................................................

C .................................................................................................................. [3]

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(b)  (i) Draw a labelled diagram of an alveolus to show the process of gaseous For Examiner’s
Use
exchange taking place.

On the drawing label the alveolus, capillary, the names of the gases
exchanged and the directions of gaseous exchange.

[4]

(ii) The features of gaseous exchange surfaces are given under heading
A. Match each feature in A to its correct significance under heading B
by linking them with a ruled line.

A B
rounded shape of alveoli maintain concentration gradient
thin wall of alveoli for gases to dissolve in
moist inner lining of alveoli provides increased surface area
well-ventilated alveoli provides shorter diffusion distance
[4]

[11]

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8 Fig. 8.1 shows a network of blood vessels. For Examiner’s

Use
arteriole
B
venule

C
A

Fig. 8.1

(a) Identify the types of blood vessels labelled A and B.

A ..................................................................................................................

B .................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) State two structural differences between the types of vessels labelled A
and B.

A B

1 ....................................................... ............................................................

....................................................... ...........................................................

2 ...................................................... ............................................................

....................................................... ............................................................

[2]

(c)  (i) State the function of the vessel labelled C.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Outline how vessel C is adapted to perform its function mentioned in (i).

. ..............................................................................................................

. ..............................................................................................................

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

[7]

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9 Fig. 9.1 shows the action of skeletal muscle, for example leg muscles. For Examiner’s
Use

A
D

E
F

Fig. 9.1

(a) Identify a pair of muscles that move the leg.

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Give one type of muscle other than skeletal muscle found in the human
body and provide an example of where that type of muscle is found.

Type of muscle .............................................................................................

Where it is found............................................................................................ [2]

(c) Discuss two ways in which the human skeleton is organised to protect the body.

1.....................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

2.....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[6]

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10 Fig. 10.1 shows two stages in the reproductive process that takes place in a For Examiner’s
Use
woman's body.
stage A stage B

Fig. 10.1

(a)  (i) State what is happening at each stage.

A.............................................................................................................

. ..............................................................................................................

B.............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Where in the female reproductive system will stage B occur?

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Name the single cell formed at stage B.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) State a method of contraception that can be used to prevent these

stages.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) Fig. 10.2 shows a graph of the blood levels of two hormones during the For Examiner’s
Use
female menstrual cycle.
X

level of hormone
in blood

days
Fig. 10.2

(i) Name the processes that are likely to occur on

day 14.....................................................................................................

day 1....................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Name the hormone shown by the line labelled X.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) State what a high level of hormone X after day 28 suggests.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) Identify the gland responsible for producing the two hormones that
regulate the menstrual cycle.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

[10]

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11 (a) Distinguish clearly between the terms dominant and recessive. For Examiner’s
Use

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The diagram shows the sex chromosomes of a human couple, A and B,
and four of their children, C, D, E and F.
A B
parents: XX XY
gametes: X X X Y

F1-generation: X X XY XX XY
C D E F
(i) Which parent is the mother?

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Explain the answer given in (i).

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) Another child is expected. What are the chances of it being a girl?

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(iv) State the number of chromosomes in a human gamete.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Some of the characteristics and descriptions of two male athletes are listed.

A: natural black hair; long legs; suntan

B: blue eyes; powerful muscles; a tattoo

List three characteristics and descriptions that are genetic.

1 ...................................................................................................................

2 ...................................................................................................................

3 ................................................................................................................... [3]

[9]
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12 (a) Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes most to global warming. For Examiner’s
Use

(i) List one process in each case that increases and decreases the amount
of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

process that increases carbon dioxide: ................................................

. ..............................................................................................................

process that decreases carbon dioxide: ...............................................

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Apart from carbon dioxide and ozone, list two other greenhouse gases.

1 ............................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Study Fig. 12.1 and answer the questions.

ultraviolet
radiation
ozone layer

Fig. 12.1
(i) Describe the composition and location of ozone.

composition ...........................................................................................

. ..............................................................................................................

location...................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) State the function/importance of the ozone layer.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

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(c) Fig. 12.2 shows a human activity that releases a gas that destroys the For Examiner’s
Use
ozone layer.

Fig. 12.2
(i) Identify the gas.

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) List one effect the destruction of the ozone layer may have on living
organisms.

. ..............................................................................................................

. .............................................................................................................. [1]

[9]

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