3EL13:
ELECTRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN
LABORATRY
SUBMITTED TO: -
Prof. Anita.N.Bhatt
AY – 2024-2025
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
BVM ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION)
V.V. NAGAR, GUJARAT, INDIA
Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya (Engineering College)
An Autonomous Institution, Vallabh Vidyanagar
Electronics Engineering Department
VISION:-
“Produce globally employable innovative engineers with core values”
MISSION:-
Re-engineering curricula to meet global employment requirements.
Promote innovative practices at all levels.
Imbibe core values.
Reform policies, systems, and processes at all levels.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr.
DHRUV GANDHI & YASH BHOI of class,
Electronics Engineering ID no. 22EL002 & 22EL006
has satisfactory completed his / her term work in
Subject: 3EL13:Electronics System Design
Laboratry for the term ending in Even Semester of
AY 2025/26.
Date:________
Signature of the Teacher
To Design different patch antennas using ANSYS software
Aim:
To design and analyse different types of microstrip patch antennas using HFSS simulation
software.
Software Requirements:
• HFSS (High-Frequency Structure Simulator)
Theory:
Microstrip antennas are widely used in wireless communication systems due to their
lightweight, low-profile design, and ease of integration with circuits. They consist of a radiating
patch placed on a dielectric substrate with a ground plane on the other side. The radiation
characteristics depend on the dimensions of the patch, the substrate material, and the feeding
technique.
These antennas operate based on the principle of electromagnetic radiation generated by the
patch when it is excited by a source. The patch acts as a resonant cavity, and the electromagnetic
field is confined between the patch and the ground plane, leading to radiation primarily from
the fringing fields around the patch edges. The operating frequency of the antenna is primarily
determined by the size and shape of the patch as well as the dielectric constant and thickness
of the substrate.
One of the primary benefits of microstrip antennas is their compatibility with printed circuit
board (PCB) technology, which allows for easy integration into modern electronic devices.
They are extensively used in mobile communication systems, satellite communication, global
positioning systems (GPS), radar, and IoT devices. Despite their limitations like narrow
bandwidth and reduced efficiency, microstrip antennas are still preferred in many applications
due to their compact size, reliability, and manufacturability.
Types of Microstrip Antennas Designed:
1. Rectangular Microstrip Antenna
2. Circular Microstrip Antenna
3. H-Shaped Microstrip Antenna
Literature Review:
Research Paper: 1."A Review on Microstrip Patch Antenna and Feeding Techniques" by
Bansal Gupta and Richa Gupta, published in the International Journal of Information
Technology, March 2018.
2."Antenna Design and Fabrication with Circular MicrostripPatch"A Review by R.V. Shinde,
B. Gabane, T. H. Mujawarand M. S. Kasbe.
3."Review paper on Analysis of compact H‐shaped microstripantenna" by Satya Kesh Dubey,
Prabhakar Singh, Rafaqat Ullah Khan, & Babau Ram Vishvakarma
4."Review paper on H-Shape Microstrip Patch Antenna"Design, Simulation, and
Characterization by Kiran Katke
5."Review paper on Design & Analysis of H-ShapeMicrostrip Patch Antenna" by Ravi Kant
& D.C.Dhubk
Book Reference: Kraus JD, Marhefka RJ, Khan AS (2010), Antennas and Wave Propagation
Designs and Simulation Results:
1. Rectangular Microstrip Antenna:
• Substrate: FR4 Epoxy
• Material: Copper for ground and patch
• Excitation: Lumped port
• Radiating Surface: Vacuum
Design:
• Simulation Outputs:
1. S11 plot:
2. VSWR plot:
3. Gain plot:
2. Circular Microstrip Antenna:
• Substrate: Rogers RT/Duroid 5880
• Material: Copper
• Excitation: Lumped Port
• Radiating Surface: Vacuum
Design:
• Simulation Outputs:
1. S11 Plot:
2. VSWR Plot:
.
3. Gain Plot:
3. H-Shaped Microstrip Antenna:
• Substrate: Rogers RT/Duroid 5880
• Material: Copper
• Excitation: Lumped Port
• Radiating Surface: Vacuum
Design:
Simulation Outputs:
1. S11 Plot:
2. VSWR Plot:
3. Gain Plot:
Comparison of different Microstrip Patch antennas:
Unique Features of Each Type:
• Rectangular Antenna: Simple and commonly used in wireless applications.
• Circular Antenna: Compact, omnidirectional radiation.
• H-Shaped Antenna: Improved bandwidth, supports multi-frequency operation.
Advantages of Microstrip Antennas:
1. Lightweight and low-profile design.
2. Easy to fabricate and integrate with RF circuits.
3. Suitable for high-frequency and space-limited applications.
Limitations:
1. Narrow bandwidth.
2. Lower efficiency compared to other antenna types.
Conclusion:
This project demonstrates the design and simulation of various microstrip antennas using
HFSS. Each design has unique advantages suited for different applications. While the
rectangular and circular antennas serve conventional wireless and compact needs respectively,
the H-shaped design shows enhanced bandwidth and supports multi-band operations. Future
work may focus on optimizing feeding techniques and material choices to further enhance
performance.
References:
1. Bansal Gupta and Richa Gupta, “A Review on Microstrip Patch Antenna and Feeding
Techniques,” International Journal of Information Technology, March 2018.
2. Kraus JD, Marhefka RJ, Khan AS, Antennas and Wave Propagation, 2010.
3. Online Resources and HFSS Documentation.
