OBJECTIVE

QUESTIONS

PAST QUESTION NMC

1. After circumcision of a new born male, the most essential immediate post-operative thing
to observe is:
A. Decreased urinary output
B. Haemorrhage
C. Infection
D. Shrill or plercing cry Ans. ……………….

2. The physician should be informed the following observation in a 7 year old child with
fractured femur with full leg cast.
A. Cast still damp and worm after 24 hours
B. Increase urinary output
C. Inability to move the toe
D. Pedal pulse of 90 b/m Ans. ……………….

3. The following criterion is most likely to be used by the physician to select drug for a 6 year
old with pneumonia
A. Child tolerance of the drug
B. Physician’s preference for the drug
C. Selectivity of the causative organism
D. Sensitivity of the causative organism Ans. ……………….

4. The most earliest sign of sexual maturity in young girls between 9 to 12 years
A. Attention to grooming
B. Increase in size of the breast
C. Interest in opposite sex
D. The appearance of axillary and pubic hair Ans. ……………….
5. In leukaemia the following occur EXCEPT
A. Decreased platelets
B. Increase white blood cell production
C. Liver remains normal
D. Normal bone marrow is replaced with blast cells Ans. ……………….

6. The phallic stage in Freud’s psychosexual development is between age;

A. 1 to 3 years
B. 3 to 5 years
C. 3 to 6 years
D. 6 to 8 years Ans. ……………….

7. The nurse understands that in patent ductusarteriosus, blood shunt

A. Aorta into the pulmonary artery
B. Inferior vena cava to left atrium
C. Left atrium to right atrium
D. Pulmonary artery to the aorta Ans. ……………….

8. A three year old child who has ingested a bleach will exhibit the following EXCEPT
A. Anxiety
B. Drooling
C. Severely burning pain in the mouth
D. Cyanosis Ans. ……………….

9. A viral infection in a child characterized by red blotchy rash and Koplik’s spot is known
as;
A. Chicken pox
B. Diphtheria
C. Measles
A. Pertussis Ans. ……………….
10. In caring for a child with superficial burns, the following actions are taken EXCEPT
A. Break the blisters before dressing
B. Clean the area
C. Cover area with sterile dressing
D. Serve analgesics Ans. ……………….

11. When responding to a call of a visually impaired child on admission, it is important for the
nurse to
A. Address the child when she enters the room
B. Respond to the call promptly
C. Send an orderly to attend to the child
D. Touch the child before speaking to him or her Ans. ……………….

12. The nurse would assess the following in an infant with hydrocephalus
A. Abdominal girth
B. Fontanels
C. Urinary output
D. Vital signs Ans. ……………….

13. The most critical factor in the immediate care of an infant after repair of cleft lip is
A. Administration of drugs to reduce oral secretions
B. Administration of intravenous infusion
C. Maintenance of patent airway
D. Prevention of vomiting Ans. ……………….

14. How long after birth physiological jaundice usually occurs

A. 24 hours
B. 48 hours
C. 72 hours
D. 1 week Ans. ……………….
15. Rhesus incompatibility usually occurs when the mother
A. And foetus are both rhesus
B. And foetus are both rhesus positive
C. Is rhesus negative and foetus is rhesus positive
D. Is blood group O and foetus is group AB Ans. ……………….

16. The first step in the management of toxic substances is

A. Administer appropriate antidote
B. Administer supportive and symptomatic care
C. Prevent further absorption
D. Remove obvious remnants Ans. ……………….

17. The following is the best way to detect fluid retention in a child with nephrotic syndrome
A. A measurement of abdominal girth daily at the same time
B. Monitoring of the amount of 24 hours urine collected daily at same time
C. Monitoring of child’s weight daily at the same time
D. None of the above ` Ans. ……………….

18. Which of the following disease condition in vitamin B1 deficiency

A. Beriberi
B. Mumps
C. Pellagra
D. Scurvy Ans. ……………….

19. In assessing a 2-month old infant the nurse expects the child to
A. Bang hold object together
B. Raise hand chest and can hold in position
C. Roll from supine to prone position
D. Sits alone, uses hands for support Ans. ……………….
20. At which age in the developmental stages is an infant expected to have first tooth eruption?
A. 3-4 months
B. 5-9 months
C. 10-12 months
D. 13-18 months Ans. ……………….

21. An infant with birth weight 2,500mg without regards to gestational age is termed as
A. Intra uterine growth retardation
B. Low birth rate
C. Preterm
D. Small for date Ans. ……………….

22. Which of the following is a causative organism for pemphigus neonatorium

A. Candida albican
B. Staphylococcus areus
C. Streptococcus
D. Varicella zoster Ans. ……………….

23. In caring for a child with sickle cell crisis the most important nursing intervention would
be
A. Give iron supplement
B. Maintenance of adequate nutrition
C. Prevention of infection
D. Relief of pain Ans. ……………….

24. When teaching a mother how to administer eye drop to a 5-year old child the nurse should
ask her to place the drop
A. Anywhere that makes contact with the eye surface
B. Inside the lower eyelid
C. On the sclera as the child looks to the side
D. Under the upper eyelid Ans. ……………….
25. A 5-month old child develops severe diarrhoea and has been put on IV fluids. The nurse
must observe the rate of flow to
A. Avoid fluid getting into the tissue
B. Prevent cardiac overload
C. Prevent increased urinary output
D. Replace all fluids lost Ans. ……………….

26. A child in sickle cell crisis will need the following

I. Analgesic
II. Exercise
III. Plenty of fluid
IV. Warmth
A. II and II
B. II and IV
C. IV and I
D. I, III and IV Ans. ……………….

27. The nurse suspect bleeding when a child who has had tonsillectomy
A. Becomes pale
B. Complains of thirst
C. Cough persistently
D. Swallows frequently Ans. ……………….

28. Which of the following will make you suspect that a child with measles is developing
bronchopneumonia
A. Increase pulse rate
B. Increased respiration
C. Redness of eye
D. Wheezing respiration Ans. ……………….
29. The nurses’ immediate action when a child is rushed in with severe diarrhoea and vomiting
will be
I. Keep child warm in bed
II. Prepare trolley for intravenous infusion
III. Reassure mother of safety of the child in the hospital
IV. Start oral rehydrated therapy
A. I and II
B. II and IV
C. II,III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV Ans. ……

30. How would you reduce anxiety in a child on admission

I. Changing nurses daily
II. Confining child to bed
III. Involving parent in the care
IV. Seeing familiar faces daily
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. III and IV
D. I, II and III Ans. ……………….

31. The presence of parents during painful procedure on their toddler should be
A. Based on individual assessment of the parent
B. Based on the type of procedure to be performed
C. Discourage for the benefit of the parent and the child
D. Encourage and permitted if the child desires their presence Ans. ……………….

32. The most important nursing intervention for a 3-year old child with nephrotic syndrome is
A. Encourage fluids
B. Maintaining bed rest
C. Prevention of infection
D. Regulating the diet Ans. ……………….
33. Which of the following children should a nurse in the out-patient department see first
A. An 18 months old with jaundice
B. A 4-year old with nephrotic syndrome
C. 12 months old with febrile convulsion
D. 2 years old with sickle cell crisis Ans. ……………….

34. A 6 year old child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. An immediate priority in the
child’s nursing care would be
A. Nutrition
B. Medication
C. Reassurance
D. Rest Ans. ……………….

35. When caring for a neonate with an imperforate anus, the nurse should observe the urine for
A. Acetone
B. Bile
C. Blood
D. Meconium Ans. ………

36. A child with acute leukaemia is put on prednisolone and other drugs. One side effect of
prednisolone is
A. Alopecia
B. Anorexia
C. Mood changes
D. Weight loss Ans. ……

37. One of the complication of pinworm infections is

A. Appendicitis
B. Hepatitis
C. Pneumonia
D. Stomatis Ans. ……………….
38. A child sitting on a chair in the playroom begins a tonic seizure with a clenched jaw. What
should the nurse do?
A. Attempt to open the jaw
B. Lower the child to the floor
C. Place a large pillow under the head
D. Shout for assistance Ans. ………

39. A primary task to be accomplished between 12 and 15 months of age is to start

A. Climbing stairs
B. Say simple words
C. Use a cup
D. Walk erect Ans. ………

40. The following are common childhood communicable disease EXCEPT

A. Measles
B. Pneumonia
C. Tuberculosis
D. Whooping cough Ans. …………

………………………………
41. An infant should be able to hold its head erect at
A. 1 month
B. 2 month
C. 3 month
D. 4 month Ans. ……………….

42. Permanent dentition begins at/around what age(in years)

A. 2 years
B. 4 years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years Ans.
……………….

43. If a child develops a reaction during blood transfusion the nurse should
A. Call the paediatrician
B. Relief symptoms with drugs
C. Slow the flow rate
D. Stop the transfusion Ans. ……………….

44. A 9 year old boy with acute lymphocyte leukaemia having prednisolone and vincristine
complain of constipation. What is the cause of the constipation
A. Enlarged spleen obstructing the bowel
B. Leukaemia mass obstructing the bowel
C. Side effect of vincristine
D. Toxic effect of prednisolone Ans. ……………….
45. Kojo who has tetralogy of Fallot usually squats when he is dyspnoeic. The squatting
relives the symptoms by
A. Allowing maximal chest expansion and oxygenation
B. Delaying venous return to the heart
C. Increasing the production of red blood cells
D. Increasing venous return to the heart Ans. ……………….

46. A sudden onset of enuresis in a previously dry child is indicative of

A. Emotional stress
B. Nephritis
C. Nephrotic syndrome
D. Pyelonephritis Ans. ……………….

47. Which of the following parts will you use when giving an injection to a 6 month old
A. Anterior thigh
B. Deltoid muscle
C. Dorsogluteal
D. Lateral parts of the thigh Ans. ……………….

48. In examining a 2 year old child with an otoscope the nurse

A. Holds just the head and arms
B. Holds the head straight
C. Pulls the pinna down and back
D. Pulls the pinna up and back Ans. ……………….
49. A child in sickle cell crisis will need the following
I. Analgesic
II. Exercise
III. Plenty of fluids
IV. Warmth
A. I and IV
B. II and III
C. II and IV
D. I, III and IV Ans. ……………….
50. The earliest sign of respiratory distress in a young infants
A. Cyanosis
B. Grunting
C. Rapid respiration
D. Sternal and subcostal retraction Ans. …………

51. The nurse suspects bleeding when a child who has had tonsillectomy
A. Becomes pale
B. Complains of thirst
C. Coughs persistently
D. Swallows frequently Ans. ……………….

52. A vital disease that affects the motor cell of the anterior horn of the spinal cord is
A. Chicken pox
B. Poliomyelitis
C. Rubella
D. Shingles Ans. ……………….

53. High concentration of oxygen to small infants may cause blindness from
A. Corneal ulceration
B. Iridocyclitis
C. Retinoblastoma
D. Retrolental fibroplasia Ans. ……………….

54. The vomitus in pyloric stenosis is not bile stained because

A. The bile duct is obstructed
B. The obstruction is above the opening of the common bile duct
C. The obstruction of the cardiac sphincter prevent bile from entering the oesophagus
D. The sphincter of the bile duct is connected to the hypertrophied
pyloric muscle Ans. ……………….
55. Which of the following blood disorders are found in children?
I. Haemophilia
II. Sickle cell disease
III. Spherocytosis
IV. Thalassaemia
A. I and II
B. I, II and IV
C. I, II and III
D. I, II, III and IV Ans. ……………….

56. The cardiac defects associated with Fallots tetralogy include

A. Abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, right ventricular
hypertrophy and atrial septal defect
B. Origin of the aorta from the right ventricle and of the pulmonary artery for the left
ventricle
C. Right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defects, and stenosis of pulmonary
artery from the left ventricle.
D. Right ventricular hypertrophy, atrial and ventricular defect and mitral valve
Stenosis Ans. ……………….

57. A frequent finger pricks and daily injections may be distressing to a diabetic child. How
can you help the child to adjust and adapt?
I. Always reward after an injection with a cuddle or praise
II. Always tell the child what is going to happen to promote trust
III. Never surprise an unprepared child with a syringe
IV. Understand her distress and encourage her to talk about it if she wish
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV Ans. ……………….
58. Hypospadias is a congenital malformation in which the urethra in the male
A. Fails to develop
B. Fails to open
C. Opens on the lower surface of the penis
D. Opens on the upper surface of the penis Ans. ……………….

59. An 8 year old child with sickle cell disease is admitted with a vaso-occlusive crisis.
Priority nursing concerns would be
A. Hydration and pain management
B. Nutrition and antibiotics
C. Nutrition and hydration
D. Pain management and antibiotics Ans. ……………….

60. The following are findings needed to diagnose hookworm infestation EXCEPT
A. Anaemia
B. Hookworm ova in the stool
C. Pus in the stool
D. Positive occult blood test Ans. ……………….

61. Immunity by antibody formation during the course of a disease is

A. Active natural
B. Active artificial
C. Passive natural
D. Passive artificial Ans. ……………….

62. An injection consisting of bacteria cells that have been modified is

A. An antitoxin
B. Toxin
C. Toxoid
D. Vaccine Ans. ……………….
63. Nursing care for a child admitted with tetanus following a punctured wound should be
primarily directed towards
A. Careful monitoring of urinary output
B. Decreasing external stimuli
C. Encouraging high intake of fluid
D. Maintaining body alignment Ans. ……………….

64. Nursing care for an infant after surgical repair of a cleft lip should include
A. Giving the baby nil per os (N.P.O)
B. Keeping the infant from crying
C. Placing the infant in a semi fowler’s position
D. Spoon feed for the first 2 days after surgery Ans. ……………….

65. Anaemia in a child may occur as a result of

I. Destruction of red cells
II. Insufficient production of haemoglobin
III. Insufficient production of red cells
IV. Loss of blood
A. I and II
B. III and IV
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV Ans. ……………….

66. Sessey, 3 years old, is rushed to the emergency room convulsing; the skin is very hot to
touch. What immediate stop will you take to reduce the temperature?
A. Give cold bath
B. Take the axillary temperature
C. Tepid sponge the child
D. Reassure mother Ans. ……………….
67. A 9-year old boy has a fractured femur and a full leg cast has been applied. The nurse
should immediately notify the physician if assessment demonstrates
A. A cast that remains damp and warm after 4 hours
B. An increased urinary output
C. An inability to move the toes
D. Pedal pulse of 90 bpm Ans. ……………….

68. Aku is to be admitted to hospital for skeletal traction. The nurse explains to his mother that
the purpose of the traction is to
A. Make the bone grow faster
B. Prepare the area for surgery
C. Realign bone fragments
D. Prevent future fractures Ans. ……………….

69. Signs of under feeding in babies include

I. Abdominal discomfort
II. Constipation
III. Crying
IV. Failure to gain weight
A. I and II
B. I, II and IV
C. II and III
D. II, III and IV Ans. ……………….

70. One complication of otitis media is

A. mastoiditis
B. meningitis
C. parotitis
D. tonsillitis Ans. ……………….
71. A child suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis will undergo all the following
investigations EXCEPT
A. general x-ray examination
B. investigation of the family
C. sputum examination
D. Tuberculin skin test Ans.
……………….

72. Some babies develop slight jaundice from the third day after birth or later. This is
called
A. hepatitis
B. jaundice in the infant
C. neonatal hepatitis
D. Physiological jaundice Ans.
……………….

73. The following are helpful suggestions in handling a diabetic child who refuses to eat
EXCEPT
A. ensure her meals are attractive and the environment appealing
B. do not overload plate in the hope she will eat “something”
C. force the child to eat when food is ready
D. try to ensure she eats in the company of others Ans.
……………….

74. The rate of flow of IV infusion must be regulated often by the nurse to
A. Avoid IV infiltration
B. Prevent increased flow rate
C. Prevent cardiac overload
 D. Prevent decrease body weight Ans.
……………….

75. A child has been admitted for surgery to correct a congenital mega colon. Enemas
are ordered pre- operative to cleanse the bowl. The best solution to use is
A. Hypertonic saline
B. Isotonic saline
C. Soap suds
D. Tap water Ans.
……………….

76. An essential nursing action when caring to the small child with severe diarrhoea is to
I. Encourage fluid orally
II. Examine the skin for dehydration
III.Replace lost electrolyte
IV.Check body weight
A. I and II
B. I, II and III
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV Ans.
……………….

77. All parents of children with the following condition will need counselling EXCEPT
A. Down’s syndrome
B. Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD)
C. Haemophilia
D. ABO incompatibility Ans.
……………….

78. The following are stages of grand mal epilepsy EXCEPT

 A. Aura
B. Clonic
C. Focal
D. Tonic Ans.
……………….

79. Jane developed reddened rushes on the cheek which later involve the arm flexures,
leg and gams. Which of the following has she got?
A. Eczema
B. Impetigo
C. Psoriasis
D. Scabies Ans.
……………….

80. The test which would be done to confirm the diagnosis of meningitis
is…………………………