‫ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗـﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳـﺔ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬

‫ﺣﺰﻳﺮﺍﻥ ‪2006‬‬

‫ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻴﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺴـﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳـﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻣـﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻋـﺪﺍﺩ‬

‫د‪ .‬رﻳـﺎض ﺷﻮﻳﻜـــﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫د‪ .‬ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬

‫اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺤﺸﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻏﺴــﺎن رﺟـﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ رﺷﺎد اﻟﺤﻨﺖ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

 ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻫﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﻁﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺸﻜﺭ‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪ .8‬ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻕ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

 ‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﺪﻣﺮ وﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎ‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺼﺮي د‪ .‬رﻳـﺎض ﺷﻮﻳﻜـــﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻏﺴــﺎن رﺟـﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺸﺮي‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ رﺷﺎد اﻟﺤﻨﺖ‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ و اﻷﻣﺎن‪ ،‬هﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺬرﻳﺔ اﻟﺴﻮرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ص‪ .‬ب‪ ،6091 .‬ﺳﻮرﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺹ‬

‫ﺠﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺸﻤﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺃﺸـﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻭﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ )ﺘﺭﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺎﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﺒﺎﺕ(‪ .‬ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﻤﻌﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤـﻭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻷﻱ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺼﻨﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻀﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻴﺠﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺭﻱ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻟـﻡ ﺘﺜﺒـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺱ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

Natural occurring radioactivity in Palmyra and its surrounding

Al-Masri, M. S.; Shwekani, R.; Raja, G.;

Hushari, M.; Al-Hent, R.; Issa, M.

Abstract

In this work, the natural radiation background has been carried out for Palmyra

city and its surroundings area. The study has covered gamma radiation

measurements, indoor radon gas concentration and radionuclides levels in

environmental samples (soil, water, plat). The results showed that indoor radon

gas concentrations and radiation exposure rates are within the background

levels. Also, the results showed that there is no artificial radiation in the area

and there is no correlation between the natural radiation levels and the

reported cancer cases. Therefore, the reported cancer cases in this area may

be due to non-radiation cases, which must be investigated, or they are within

the natural levels in Syria unless accurate statistics proves the opposite.

(author)

Key word: Natural radiation activity, Radon gas, Gamma radiation, Palmyra and its surrounding

684 ‫ ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ‬/‫ ﻭ‬-‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‬ 4

 ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﻁﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺒﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺘﺔ ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻨﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺴﻔﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻭﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻐـﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻨﻘل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﻁﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺘﻜﺜﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻴﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺝ ]‪ .[3 ،2 ،1‬ﻭﻴﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻭﺘﺎﺴﻴﻭﻡ–‪ 40‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﺍﻨﻴﻭﻡ–‪ 238‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﺭﻴﻭﻡ–‪ 232‬ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗـﺩﺭﺕ ﻟﺠﻨـﺔ ﺍﻷﻤـﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ]‪ [4‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺒـ ‪ 2.4‬ﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴـﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻊ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺒﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺨﺭ ﺘﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل ]‪ ،[5‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﺼل ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺃﻀﻌﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ]‪ .[6‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﻴﻨﺸﺄ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻊ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻭﺘﻔﻜﻙ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﺭﺍﻨﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﺭﻴﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﻤﻊ ﻨﻭﺍﺘﺞ ﺘﻔﻜﻜﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭﺓ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻴﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺎ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻤﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﺌﺔ ﻤﻬﻤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎ ﺒﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺘﻔﻜﻜﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﺭﺴﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻤﺼﺩﺭﺓ ﺠﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻤﺅﺩﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﺒــ‬
‫‪ 100‬ﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺒﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ]‪.[7,6‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﻊ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻁﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻴل ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻴﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺘﻴﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 60‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﻨﺘﺸﺭ ﻤﺴﺎﻜﻨﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﻨﻤﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻨﺘﺸﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﻤﻨﺕ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻴﺔ ﺃﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ )ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻷﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻁﺎﺒﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺜﻨﺎﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﺩﻟﺕ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺇﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﺜﺎﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺌﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻋﺯﻴﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻫﺩﻓﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﻌﻲ ﺩﺍﺨل ﻭﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺨﺎﺭﻁﺔ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻟﻁﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .1 .2‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺃﻁﺭﺍﻓﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﻤﻁﻴﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻟﻜﺸﻑ ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺴﻁﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺌﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺠﺭﻯ ﻤﺴﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ ﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻡ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺠﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﺴﺢ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﺃﻁﺭﺍﻓﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻭل ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪ NaI‬ﻤﺭﻜﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺒﺸﻜل ﺒﺎﺭﺯ ﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻑ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺨﺎﻤﺩ ﺃﺸﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻠل ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴل ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺃﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﺼﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﻲ ﻤﻥ ‪ 0.15‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 2.77‬ﻤﻠﻴﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﻓﻭﻟﻁ‪ .‬ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﺘﺤﺭﻴﻙ ﻋﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺘﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ 30-15‬ﻜﻡ‪/‬ﺴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺃﻁﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬
‫)‪ (GPS‬ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺇﺤﺩﺍﺜﻴﺎﺕ ﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﺴﻘﻁﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺼﻭﺭ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2 .2‬ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻤﻠﻴّﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻁﻭﻴﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺩ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻜﻭﺍﺸﻑ ﺍﻷﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻭﻱ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟـﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺎﺯل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﺘﺘﻠﺨﺹ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻵﺘﻲ‪ :‬ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪CR-‬‬
‫‪ 39‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﺒﺔ ﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ ((1‬ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺍﺸﻑ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺠﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﻨـﻭﺍﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺘﻔﻜﻜﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺭﺒﻁ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠّﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﺒﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ]‪.[8‬‬

‫ﺠﺭﻯ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﻗﺭﺍﺒﺔ ‪ 100‬ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل‪ ،‬ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺸﻤﻠﺕ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﺠﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﻔﻰ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻻ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻟﻘﺎﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﺯ ّﻭﺩﺕ ﻜل ﺤﺠﺭﺓ ﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺒﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ‪ 50‬ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺭ ‪ 50‬ﻤﻨﺯ ﹰ‬
‫ﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ )‪ (TLD‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ ،(1‬ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (1‬ﺤﺠﻴﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﺯﻭﺩﺓ ﺒـ ‪ CR-39‬ﻭ ‪.TLD‬‬

‫‪ .3 .2‬ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﻠﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل‪:‬‬

‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﹰﺎ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻭ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻁﺭﻕ ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻨﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ )ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل( ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻴﺩ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺌﺩﺓ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺫﻟﻙ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻟﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﺒﻭﺯﻥ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﻩ ‪ 500‬ﻏﺭﺍﻡ ﻟﻜل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﺄﺨﻭﺫﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ‪ 15x15cm2‬ﻭﻋﻤﻕ ﺤﺘﻰ ‪ 15‬ﺴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻜل‬
‫ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‪ .‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺠﺭﻯ ﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺫﺍﻥ ﻴﻌﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﺠﻔﻔﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻁﺤﻨﺕ ﺜﻡ ﻭﻀﻌﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺒﻭﺍﺕ ﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﺴﺕ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﻁﻴﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻭﺩﺓ ﺒﻜﺎﺸﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻤﺎﻨﻴﻭﻡ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻭﺓ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4 .2‬ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻻﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل‪:‬‬
‫ﺠﺭﻯ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻵﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺃﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﻴﺤﻭﻱ ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻏﺎﻴﻐﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻟﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪ RADOS RDS-110‬ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﺠﺭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟـ ‪ TLD‬ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻭﻀﻊ ﻤﻊ ﺤﺠﻴﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟـﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺠﺭﻯ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل )ﺍﻟﺠﺩﺭﺍﻥ( ﺫﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺃﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﻴﺤﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻭﻤﻀﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪ ZnS‬ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ‪.Berthold‬‬

‫‪ .5 .2‬ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﻠﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻭﺡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻔﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻨﺎﺩﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﺃﻀﺭﺍﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﺤﺴﻭﺴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ]‪ .[10 ،9‬ﻭﻴﺠﺭﻱ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻤﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺘﻴﻥ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺘﺘﻠﺨﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺒﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻤﺘﺭ ﻤﻜﻌﺏ ﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨـﺸﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻪ ﻭﻋﻨﺩﺌﺫ ﻴﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﺒﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤـﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒـﻪ ﻓﻬﻨـﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻜﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﻭﻡ‪.226-‬‬

‫ﺘﺯﻭ‪‬ﺩ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﺒﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺁﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ ﻭﺁﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘـﻀﺦ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 10,000‬ﻤﺘﺭ ﻤﻜﻌﺏ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﺠﺭﻯ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺼل ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻫـﺫﺍ ﻭﺠﻤﻌـﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺎﻟﻴل ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺨﺯﺍﻨـﺎﺕ ﻤﻴـﺎﻩ ﺍﻟـﺸﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺜﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1 .3‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺃﻁﺭﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ ،(2‬ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻜﺎﺸﻑ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻭل ﻭﺒﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ "ﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ"‬
‫ﻟﻜﺎﻤل ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺃﻴﺔ ﺸﺫﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻡ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 80‬ﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻊ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ )ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ( ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻊ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺼﻠﺕ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻅﻤﻰ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺕ ‪ 200‬ﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻌﻭﺩ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴ ﹰﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﺒﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺃﻓﻘﺔ )ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺓ ‪ .(4.4‬ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ )ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ ‪ (2‬ﻭﺤﻠﻠﺕ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻠﻭﺤﻅ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻅﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 1080‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻜﻎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﻭﺩ ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺒﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺭﻴﺘﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺯﻴﻭﻡ‪ 137‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2.4‬‬

‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (3‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ)ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ( ﻭﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠل ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ )‪ 46‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ .[11] (3‬ﻤﻊ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 190‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪) 3‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯل ﻗﺭﻴﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ((‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠل ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻭ ﺠﺭﻯ ﺍﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‪ .‬ﻭﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺠﻬﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻟﻭﺤﻅﺕ ﺃﻗل ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ )ﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ( ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻋﺭﻀﺔ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫ﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺴﺒﺏ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯل ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯل ﻭﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺘﺸﻘﻘﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻨﺒﺜﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪.‬‬

‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (4‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﺠﺎﻨﺱ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺠﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻟﻡ ﺘﺘﺄﺜﺭ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺤﺎل‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ )ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﺫﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ ‪ 190‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 29.25‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ 3‬ﻭﺍﻨﺤﺭﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﻩ ‪ 19‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪.3‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (2‬ﺨﺎﺭﻁﺔ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻜﻭﻨﺘﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬

 ‫‪120‬‬

‫‪100‬‬
‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ )ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪(3‬‬

‫‪80‬‬

‫‪60‬‬

‫‪40‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫ﺣﻲ‬

‫ش‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳ‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳ‬

‫أرا‬
‫اﻟﺤ‬

‫اﻟﺤ‬
‫اﻟﺤ‬

‫ﺣﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤ‬
‫ﺣﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺤ‬
‫اﻟﺤ‬

‫ﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻲ اﻟ‬

‫ﻲ اﻟ‬
‫ﻲ اﻟ‬
‫ﻲ اﻟ‬

‫ﻲا‬
‫ﺟ‬

‫ﻖ دﻳ‬

‫ﻌﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻖا‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫اﻟﻘﻠ‬
‫ﻤﺎل‬

‫زﻧﻮ‬
‫ﺒﺮ‬

‫ﻷو‬
‫ت‬
‫ﺸﻤﺎ‬

‫ﺠﻨﻮ‬

‫ﺸﺮ‬

‫ﻐﺮ‬

‫ﺮا‬

‫ﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤ‬
‫ﻟﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺎ‬

‫ﻋﺒ‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎ‬

‫ﺳﻂ‬
‫ﺑﻲ‬

‫دﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻲ‬

‫ﺘﻘﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻲ‬

‫ﺪا‬

‫ﻟﺰ‬
‫ت‬

‫ﻋﺪ‬
‫ور‬
‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬

‫ﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺻﺮ‬

‫اﻟﻘ‬
‫ﺪﻳﻢ‬

‫ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (3‬ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ‪ ،‬ﺩﻟﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ‪ %90‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺒﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬
‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ )‪ 46‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪] (3‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ ،[(5‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺭﺍﻭﺤﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ 18‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ 3‬ﻭ‪ 40‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ 3‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺘﻭﺯﻉ‬
‫ﺒﺸﻜل ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ )ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻼﻥ ‪ 6‬ﻭ‪ (7‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺸﺫﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﻤﺎ ﻋﺩﺍ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻲ)‪ 190‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ .(3‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻴﺔ ﺤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺃﻗل ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ )‪200‬‬
‫ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻡ‪ (3‬ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻜﺎﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻉ‬
‫)‪ (ICRP‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻤﻘﺒﻭﻟﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻼﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ‪ ،‬ﺠﺭﻯ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ )ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪ (8‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﺘﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻓﺭﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﻟﻠﻘﻭل ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

 ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ )‪(Bq/m3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(4‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(5‬ﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﻲ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(6‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺩﻭﻥ ﺤﺫﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ‪ ،‬ﻴﻌﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻁ ‪ ،UCL‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ‪ X2 +‬ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻁ ‪ LCL‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ ﻋﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ – ‪ X2‬ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(7‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﺫﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ )‪(190Bq/m3‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(8‬ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ 3.4‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻜﻭﺍﺸﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ )‪ .(TLD‬ﻭﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻨﺴﺠﺎﻤﹰﺎ ﺠﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺼل‬
‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ‪ TLD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 0.117‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺒﺎﻨﺤﺭﺍﻑ ﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﻩ ‪0.030‬‬
‫ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ )‪ 0.1‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ( ]‪.[12‬‬
‫ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 0.24‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻗل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 0.07‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ‬
‫ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪.(9‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻴﺔ ﺤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ (10‬ﺃﻥ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﻊ‬
‫ﻀﻤﻥ ﺤﺩ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﻩ ‪ 0.186‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺤﺩ ﺃﺩﻨﻰ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﻩ ‪ 0.04‬ﻤﻴﻜﺭﻭ ﺴﻴﻔﺭﺕ‪/‬ﺴﺎﻋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(9‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل )‪ .(10‬ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻀﺒﻁ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺠﻬﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺴﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ‪ 100‬ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﻭﺯﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺃﻨﺤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻭﻟﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺃﻱ ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻭﺙ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺠﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 4.4‬ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﺭﺍﻭﺤﺕ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ 11‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل ﻭ‪ 180‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل )ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ(‪ .‬ﺘﻘﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘـﻴﻡ‬
‫ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻴﻨﺨﻔﺽ ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﻏـﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻭﺼﻭل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﻭﺼل ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 14‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻗل ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 7‬ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻪ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ )‪ 100‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل( ]‪ .[13‬ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟـﻙ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﺭﻯ ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒـﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ 0.5‬ﻭ‪ 1‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ]‪ .[14,15‬ﺩﻟﺕ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻨﺎﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ )ﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ ﻭﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻬﻼل ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻗﻲ( ﺒﺄﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ 0.3‬ﻭ‪ 5.5‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل )ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻓﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﻠﺭﻱ ﻓﻘﻁ(‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫‪ 0.5‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ل ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﹰﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﻟﻭﺤﻅ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻭﺍﺴﺏ ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﺃﺜﻨـﺎﺀ ﺘﻨﻅﻴـﻑ‬
‫ﺨﺯﺍﻥ ﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻭﺼل ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﻭﻡ–‪ 226‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 2.2‬ﺒﻜﺭل‪/‬ﻍ )ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤـﻕ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌـﺯﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴـﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻟﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺠﻴﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺇﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺼﻨﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺘﺭﺒﻁ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺸﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻟﻡ ﺘﺜﺒﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺱ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬

 :‫ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺸﻜﺭ‬.5
‫ﻴﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﻴل ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻪ ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻭﻥ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜﺭ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺌﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻭﺘﺸﺠﻴﻌﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺨﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺌﻭل ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﻬﻼل ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﻩ ﻤﻥ‬
.‫ﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬

:‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬.6
1. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), (1988), “Facts about Low-level Radiation”, Vienna.
2. International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP-61, (1991).
3. F. Behounek, “History of Exposure of Miners to Radon”, Health Physics Vol. 19 pp. 56-57, (1970).
4. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR-2000). “Sources and
Effects of Ionizing Radiation”, UNSCEAR Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes.
United Nations, New York,
5. E. Kunz, J. Svec, V. Placek and J. Horaceck, “Lung Cancer in Man in Relation to Different Time
Distribution of Radiation Exposure”, Health Physics, Vol. 36 pp 669-706, (1979).
6. “Radiation Protection in the Mineral Extraction Industry”, NCRP Report No. 118, National Council on
Radiation Protection and Measurements. 7910 Woodman Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA,
(1993).
7. ICRP Publication 60: “Recommendation of the International Commission on Radiological Protection”.
Annals of the ICRP Vol. 21(1991).
8. ICRP Publication 65: “Protection against Radon-222 at Home and Work”. Annals of the ICRP Vol 23
(1993).
9. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), “International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against
Ionizing Radiation and the Safety of Radiation Sources”, Safety Series No. 115, Vienna, (1996).
10. A national program for the determination of Radium in Drinking Water in public water supplies of Iran
,M.Sohrabi etal ,ICHLNR1990, Iran .
11. Othman I., Hushari M., Raja G. and Alsawaf A., (1996), "Radon concentration in Syrian houses", J.
Radiol. Prot., 16 , pp 45-50.
12. Othman I and Yassine T. (1996) Natural radioactivity in the Syrian Environment. The Science of the Total
Environment, 170, 119-124.
13. World Health Organization (2004) "Guideline for Drinking –Water Qality" Third Edition, volume 1,
Recommendations, Geneva.
14. ICRP,Report on Task Group on Reference man ,publication 23,ICRP,pergamon press ,oxford 1977.
15.B. Parsa , Elevated levels of Radon and Radium in the state of New Jersy,U.S.A,ICHLNR,3-7 Nov
,1990.Tehran ,Iran.

684 ‫ ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ‬/‫ ﻭ‬-‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‬ 16

 ‫‪ .7‬ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ ‪ .1‬ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ )‪(µSv/h‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﺴل‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫) ‪α (s‬‬ ‫) ‪β (s‬‬
‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪TLD‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪0.003‬‬ ‫‪7.1‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺴﻭﻴﺩ‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﻏﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪6.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻨﺯﺍل‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪6.8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻨﺯﺍل‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫‪26‬‬
‫ﻤﺜﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫‪0.002‬‬ ‫‪6.6‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪9.4‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻤﺭ ﻜﺭﻜﻭﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪9‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫ﺜﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪9.5‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪11‬‬

‫ﺩﻤﺎﻍ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪6.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫‪12‬‬

‫ﻓﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺏ‬ ‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪6.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪13‬‬

‫ﻏﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪6.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪14‬‬

‫ﻏﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6.9‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪15‬‬

‫ﻨﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪190‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪8.2‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺱ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻴﺩ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ‬
‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪8.2‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻴﺩ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪18‬‬

‫ﻋﻘﺩ ﻟﻤﻔﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﻁﺤﺎل‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪8.2‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻴﺩ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪19‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪58‬‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫‪20‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺫ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪58‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻤﺜﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10.1‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﺔ‬ ‫‪22‬‬

‫ﻤﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺫﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﺔ‬ ‫‪23‬‬

‫ﻜﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻌﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﺔ‬ ‫‪24‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.3‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻷﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫‪25‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫‪27‬‬

‫‪0.007‬‬ ‫‪18.5‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪48‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻁﻴﻑ‬ ‫‪28‬‬

‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪11.5‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺍﺯ ﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻠﻴل‬ ‫‪29‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻗﻲ‬
‫ﻨﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪12.6‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪0.24‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻨﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪30‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﺎﻥ ﻤﻬﻠﻬل‬ ‫‪31‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.19‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫‪32‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10.2‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.19‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻠﺵ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪33‬‬

‫ﺩﻡ‬ ‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﻨﺎﻴﻑ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪34‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‬ ‫‪35‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‬ ‫‪36‬‬

‫ﺜﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪6.5‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫‪37‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺎﻍ‬ ‫‪0.002‬‬ ‫‪8.3‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪38‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬

‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ )‪(µSv/h‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﺴل‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫) ‪α (s‬‬ ‫) ‪β (s‬‬
‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪TLD‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0.02‬‬ ‫‪8.4‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺸﻬﺎﺏ‬ ‫‪39‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪7.9‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴل‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪0.003‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪41‬‬

‫ﺭﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪0.02‬‬ ‫‪15.1‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.23‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﺸﻬﺎﺏ‬ ‫‪42‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.18‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫‪43‬‬

‫‪0.001‬‬ ‫‪11.6‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫‪44‬‬

‫ﺜﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫‪45‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9.5‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎل ﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪46‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪14.3‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪47‬‬

‫‪0.011‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﻋﻭﺽ ﻗﺸﻌﻡ‬ ‫‪48‬‬

‫‪29‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0.011‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﻋﻭﺽ ﻗﺸﻌﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪49‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻴﺭ ﻗﺸﻌﻡ‬ ‫‪50‬‬

‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪8.6‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﻨﻭﺍﻑ ﻗﺸﻌﻡ‬ ‫‪51‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪0.003‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪52‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪7.4‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩﺍﷲ‬ ‫‪53‬‬

‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﻡ‬ ‫‪0.004‬‬ ‫‪8.2‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺠﺭ‬ ‫‪54‬‬
‫‪25‬‬
‫ﺩﻤﺎﻍ‬ ‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﺩﺤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪55‬‬

‫ﻜﺒﺩ‬ ‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﻲ ﻤﺒﻴﻁﻲ‬ ‫‪56‬‬

‫ﻜﺒﺩ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪8.1‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﺤﺒﺵ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻴﻑ‬ ‫‪57‬‬

‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫‪58‬‬

‫‪34‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪0.23‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺘﻭﻓﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺵ ﺠﻤﺎل‬ ‫‪59‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺩﺓ ‪ -‬ﻜﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪0.009‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.19‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻓﻕ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﻁﻪ‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺨﻀﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪61‬‬
‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺭ‬
‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪7.8‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻀﺎﻫﺭ ﻤﻜﻴﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬ ‫‪62‬‬
‫ﻗﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﻓﻥ‬
‫‪0.013‬‬ ‫‪17.8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.17‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻟﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻫﺒﻴﻬﺏ‬ ‫‪63‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪25‬‬
‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪64‬‬

‫ﺭﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺩﺨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪65‬‬

‫‪0.002‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪66‬‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﻫﻼل ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫‪67‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪8.4‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﻤﺘﻌﺏ ﻤﺤﻴﻤﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﻋﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪68‬‬

‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺯﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪69‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺒﺔ‪ -‬ﻏﻀﺭﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪6.9‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻭﻱ‬ ‫‪70‬‬

‫‪0.007‬‬ ‫‪5.3‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻴﺏ‬ ‫‪71‬‬

‫‪31‬‬
‫ﻏﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﻌﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪0.001‬‬ ‫‪5.2‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪72‬‬

‫ﻤﺜﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪6.6‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺌﺯ ﻤﻁﺭ‬ ‫‪73‬‬

‫ﻤﺜﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻤﻁﺭ‬ ‫‪74‬‬

‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎل ﺼﻠﻴﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪75‬‬

‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻑ‬ ‫‪0.013‬‬ ‫‪6.8‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺴﻭﻴﺩ‬ ‫‪76‬‬
‫ﺤﻲ ﺯﻨﻭﺒﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻋﻅﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪0.018‬‬ ‫‪7.5‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪77‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻡ‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻔﺎﻭﻱ – ﺭﺌﺔ ‪ -‬ﻏﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫‪78‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬

‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﺎﻤﺎ )‪(µSv/h‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﺴل‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫) ‪α (s‬‬ ‫) ‪β (s‬‬
‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(Bq/m‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪TLD‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻡ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9.7‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺎﻡ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪79‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0.03‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪80‬‬

‫‪0.03‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ ﺼﻠﻴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ﻡ‬ ‫‪81‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ﻡ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪82‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺤﻨﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪0.016‬‬ ‫‪13.3‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﻤﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫‪83‬‬

‫ﻤﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0.047‬‬ ‫‪11.5‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ﻡ‬ ‫‪84‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺱ ﺸﺎﺭﻉ‬
‫ﺜﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪0.007‬‬ ‫‪7.9‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﺴﻥ ﻗﺸﻌﻡ‬ ‫‪85‬‬
‫ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻲ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ‬ ‫‪86‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫‪87‬‬

‫ﺜﺩﻱ ﻭﻜﺒﺩ‬ ‫‪0.006‬‬ ‫‪7.9‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.17‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺩ ﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺸﺔ‬ ‫‪88‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.4‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.13‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫‪89‬‬

‫ﻏﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10.7‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪90‬‬

‫‪0.008‬‬ ‫‪6.5‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬ ‫‪91‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6.4‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺼﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪92‬‬

‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6.5‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭ‬ ‫‪93‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻁ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‬ ‫‪94‬‬

‫ﺩﻡ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪7.7‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻤﻥ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪95‬‬

‫ﻜﺒﺩ‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪10.4‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫‪96‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.09‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺨﻁﻴﺏ‬ ‫‪97‬‬

‫ﻜﺒﺩ‬ ‫‪0.011‬‬ ‫‪8.6‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻭﻥ ﻨﺩﻴﻭﻱ‬ ‫‪98‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪0.026‬‬ ‫‪13.7‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﻁﻪ ﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪99‬‬

‫ﺩﻡ‬ ‫‪0.011‬‬ ‫‪11.5‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪100‬‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ ‪ .2‬ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻡ‪40‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺰﻳﻮﻡ‪137‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮﻡ‪ 224‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮﻡ‪ 226‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮﻡ‪228‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪0.09±0.03‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪0.500±0.006‬‬ ‫‪0.58±0.01‬‬ ‫‪18.64‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ‪1-‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪< BDL‬‬ ‫‪0.360±0.005‬‬ ‫‪11.39‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ‪3-‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪0.390±0.006‬‬ ‫‪0.950±0.001‬‬ ‫‪102.15‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ‪13-‬‬
‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.08‬‬ ‫‪< 0.5‬‬ ‫‪< 0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.350±0.005‬‬ ‫‪0.840±0.001‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ‪17-‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.07‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.04‬‬ ‫‪< BDL‬‬ ‫‪0.810±0.001‬‬ ‫‪52.651‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻲ‪18-‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪0.310±0.005‬‬ ‫‪0.950±0.001‬‬ ‫‪162.50‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺭﺓ‪4-‬‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪0.470±0.006‬‬ ‫‪0.860±0.001‬‬ ‫‪134.27‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺭﺓ‪3-‬‬
‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪2.85±0.01‬‬ ‫‪1.72±0.01‬‬ ‫‪177.56‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫‪0.6±0.2‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.07‬‬ ‫‪1.9±0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.04‬‬ ‫‪2.70±0.01‬‬ ‫‪5.460±0.022‬‬ ‫‪51.06‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮ ﺍﻓﻘﺔ‬
‫‪< 0.3‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.06‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.04‬‬ ‫‪< BDL‬‬ ‫‪1.20±0.01‬‬ ‫‪13.65‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.02‬‬ ‫‪< 0.05‬‬ ‫‪< 0.4‬‬ ‫‪< 0.03‬‬ ‫‪0.41±0.01‬‬ ‫‪0.71±0.01‬‬ ‫‪13.6‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ‬
‫‪154±17‬‬ ‫‪14.4±1.3‬‬ ‫‪12.2±5.6‬‬ ‫‪1080±70‬‬ ‫‪7.7±1.8‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﳎﺮﻯ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻓﻘﻪ‬
‫‪< 130‬‬ ‫‪5.5±2.8‬‬ ‫‪< 30‬‬ ‫‪980±90‬‬ ‫‪9±5‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﻞ‬
‫‪155±17‬‬ ‫‪<2‬‬ ‫‪53±8‬‬ ‫‪2200±200‬‬ ‫‪38±4‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫‪541±26‬‬ ‫‪<1‬‬ ‫‪<5‬‬ ‫‪<5‬‬ ‫‪<2‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﺀ‪ -‬ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‬
‫‪1140±55‬‬ ‫‪<1‬‬ ‫‪6±28‬‬ ‫‪<5‬‬ ‫‪<2‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﺀ‪ -‬ﲤﺮ‬
‫‪< 140‬‬ ‫‪<4‬‬ ‫‪< 27‬‬ ‫‪< 24‬‬ ‫‪< 10‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻛﻎ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﺀ‪-‬ﻋﺠﻮﺓ ﲤﺮ‬
‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫∗‬ ‫‪< BDL‬‬ ‫‪0.260±0.004‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮﻝ‪/‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﲑﺩﻳﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬

 ‫ﺣﺪ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ اﻷدﻧﻰ ﻟﻤﺼﺪرات أﻟﻔﺎ =‪ 0.051‬ﺑﻜﺮل‪/‬ل‬
‫ﺣﺪ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ اﻷدﻧﻰ ﻟﻤﺼﺪرات ﺑﻴﺘﺎ = ‪ 0.29‬ﺑﻜﺮل‪/‬ل‬

‫ﻫـ ﻁ ﺫ ﺱ‪ -‬ﻭ‪ /‬ﺕ ﺩ ﻉ ‪684‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬