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 Master of Pharmacy (M. Pharm.)
SCHEMES FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENTS AND END SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS (SEM. I & II)
(W.E.F. Session 2017-18)
PHARMACOGNOSY-MPG

Course Course Internal Assessment End Semester Total Credit

Code Exams Marks Points
Contin Sessional Exams Total Marks Duration
uous
Mode Marks Duration

Semester I

MPG101T Modern 10 15 1 Hrs 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4

(New) Pharmaceutical
Analytical Techniques
MPG102T Advanced 10 15 1 Hrs 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New) Pharmacognosy- I
MPG103T Phytochemistry 10 15 1 Hrs 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New)
MPG104T Industrial 10 15 1 Hrs 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New) Pharmacognostical
Technology
MPG105P Pharmacognosy 20 30 6 Hrs 50 100 6 Hrs 150 6
(New) Practical I
- Seminar/Assignment - - - - - - 100 4

Total 650 26

Semester II

MPG201T Medicinal Plant 10 15 1 Hr 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4

(New) Biotechnology
MPG202T Advanced 10 15 1 Hr 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New) Pharmacognosy- II
MPG203T Indian System of 10 15 1 Hr 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New) Medicine
MPG204T Herbal Cosmetics 10 15 1 Hr 25 75 3 Hrs 100 4
(New)
MPG205P Pharmacognosy 20 30 6 Hrs 50 100 6 Hrs 150 6
(New) Practical II
- Seminar/ Assignment - - - - - - 100 4

Total 650 26
 Schemes for Internal Assessments and End Semester Examinations (Semester III & IV)

Course Course Internal Assessment End Semester Total Credit

Code Exams Marks Points
Contin Sessional Exams Total Marks Duration
uous
Mode Marks Duration

Semester III

MRM301T Research 40 60 2 Hr 100 - - 100 4

(New) Methodology and
Biostatistics
MRM302T Journal Club - - - 25 - - 25 1
(New)
MRM303P Discussion - - - 50 - - 50 2
(New) /Presentation
(Proposal
Presentation)
MRM304P Research Work 350 - - - - - 350 14
(New)
Total 525 21

Semester IV

MRM401T Journal Club - - - 25 - - 25 1

(New)
MRM402P Discussion / - - - 75 - - 75 3
(New) Presentation
(Proposal
Presentation)
MRM403P Research Work and - - - - 400 1 Hr 400 16
(New) Colloquium
Total 500 20
 PHARMACOGNOSY (MPG)
FIRST SEMESTER
MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
(MPG 101T)

Scope
This subject deals with various advanced analytical instrumental techniques for identification,
characterization and quantification of drugs. Instruments dealt are NMR, Mass spectrometer, IR, HPLC,
GC etc.
Objective
After completion of course student is able to know,
• The analysis of various drugs in single and combination dosage forms.
• Theoretical and practical skills of the instruments.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. UV-Visible Spectroscopy: Introduction, theory, laws, instrumentation associated with 12 Hrs
UV-Visible spectroscopy, Choice of solvents and solvent effect. Applications of UV-
Visible spectroscopy.
IR spectroscopy: Theory, modes of molecular vibrations, sample handling,
instrumentation of dispersive and Fourier–Transform IR spectrometer, factors affecting
vibrational frequencies and applications of IR spectroscopy.
Spectroflourimetry: Theory of fluorescence, factors affecting fluorescence, quenchers.
Instrumentation and applications of fluorescence spectrophotometer.
Flame Emission Spectroscopy and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Principle,
instrumentation, interferences and applications.
2. NMR Spectroscopy: Quantum numbers and their role in NMR, principle, instrumentation, 12 Hrs
solvent requirement in NMR, relaxation process, NMR signals in various compounds.
Chemical shift, factors influencing chemical shift, spin-spin coupling, coupling constant,
nuclear magnetic double resonance. Brief outline of principles of FT-NMR and 13C NMR.
Applications of NMR spectroscopy.
3. Mass Spectroscopy: Principle, theory, instrumentation of mass spectroscopy, different 10 Hrs
types of ionization like electron impact, chemical, field, FAB and MALDI, APCI, ESI,
APPI analyzers of quadrupole and time of flight, mass fragmentation and its rules, meta
stable ions, isotopic peaks. Applications of mass spectroscopy.
4. Chromatography: Principle, apparatus, instrumentation, chromatographic parameters, 10 Hrs
factors affecting resolution, isolation of drug from excipients, data interpretation and
applications of the following:
a) Thin Layer chromatography.
b) High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography.
c) Ion exchange chromatography.
d) Column chromatography.
e) Gas chromatography.
f) High Performance Liquid chromatography.
g) Ultra High Performance Liquid chromatography.
h) Affinity chromatography.
i) Gel Chromatography.
 5. Electrophoresis: Principle, instrumentation, working conditions, factors affecting 10 Hrs
separation and applications of the following:
a) Paper electrophoresis.
b) Gel electrophoresis.
c) Capillary electrophoresis.
d) Zone electrophoresis.
e) Moving boundary electrophoresis.
f) Isoelectric focusing.
X-ray Crystallography: Production of X rays, different X ray methods, Bragg‘s law,
rotating crystal technique, X ray powder technique, types of crystals and applications of X-
ray diffraction.
6. a. Potentiometry: Principle, working, ion selective electrodes and application of 10 Hrs
potentiometry.
b. Thermal Techniques: Principle, thermal transitions and Instrumentation (Heat flux and
power-compensation and designs), Modulated DSC, Hyper DSC, experimental parameters
(sample preparation, experimental conditions, calibration, heating and cooling rates,
resolution, source of errors) and their influence, advantage and disadvantages,
pharmaceutical applications.
Differential thermal analysis (DTA): Principle, instrumentation and advantage and
disadvantages, pharmaceutical applications, derivative differential thermal analysis
(DDTA).
TGA: Principle, instrumentation, factors affecting results, advantage and disadvantages,
pharmaceutical applications.
c. Immunological Assays: RIA (Radio immune assay), ELISA, bioluminescence assays.

REFERENCES

1. Spectrometric Identification of Organic compounds by Robert M Silverstein, Sixth edition, John Wiley
& Sons, 2004.
2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis by Douglas A Skoog, F. James Holler, Timothy A. Nieman, 5th
edition, Eastern press, Bangalore, 1998.
3. Instrumental Methods of Analysis by Willards, 7th edition, CBS Publishers.
4. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Beckett and Stenlake, Vol II, 4th edition, CBS Publishers, New
Delhi, 1997.
5. Organic Spectroscopy by William Kemp, 3rd edition, ELBS, 1991.
6. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulation by P D Sethi, 3rd Edition, CBS
Publishers, New Delhi, 1997.
7. Pharmaceutical Analysis - Modern Methods – Part B by J W Munson, Vol 11, Marcel. Dekker Series
8. Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, 2nd edn., P.S. Kalsi, Wiley Eastern Ltd., Delhi.
9. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis by KA. Connors, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1982.
10. Introduction to Spectroscopy by Pavia D.L., Lampman G.M. and Kriz G.S., Harcourt College
Publishers, Philadelphia.
11. Analytical Profile of Drug Substance (All volume) by Florey K., Academic Press, Elsevier,
Massachusetts.
12. Thin Layer Chromatography: A Laboratory Handbook, Stahl E., Springer, Berlin.
13. Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, Obonson J.W.R., Marcel Dekker Inc, New York.
14. Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules by Parikh V.H., Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.,
London.
 ADVANCED PHARMACOGNOSY - I
(MPG 102T)

Scope
To learn and understand the advances in the field of cultivation and isolation of drugs of natural origin,
various phytopharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and their medicinal use and health benefits.

Objectives
Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to know the,
• Advances in the cultivation and production of drugs.
• Various phyto-pharmaceuticals and their source, its utilization and medicinal value.
• Various nutraceuticals/herbs and their health benefits.
• Drugs of marine origin.
• Pharmacovigilance of drugs of natural origin.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Plant drug cultivation: General introduction to the importance of pharmacognosy in 12 Hrs
herbal drug industry. Indian council of agricultural research, current good agricultural
practices, current good cultivation practices, current good collection practices.
Conservation of medicinal plants: Ex-situ and in-situ conservation of medicinal plants.
2. Marine Natural Products: General methods of isolation and purification, study of 12 Hrs
marine toxins, recent advances in research in marine drugs, problems faced in research on
marine drugs such as taxonomical identification, chemical screening and their solution.
3. Nutraceuticals: Current trends and future scope, inorganic mineral supplements, vitamin 12 Hrs
supplements, digestive enzymes, dietary fibres, cereals and grains, Health drinks of
natural origin, antioxidants, polyunsaturated fatty acids, herbs as functional foods.
Formulation and standardization of neutraceuticals, regulatory aspects, FSSAI guidelines.
Sources, name of marker compounds and their chemical nature, medicinal uses and health
benefits of following-
i) Spirulina ii) Soya bean iii) Ginseng iv) Garlic v) Broccoli vi) Green and Herbal Tea vii)
Flax seeds viii) Black cohosh ix)Turmeric.
4. Phytopharmaceuticals: Occurrence, isolation and characteristic features (Chemical 12 Hrs
nature, uses in pharmacy, medicinal and health benefits) of following-
a) Carotenoids: i) α and β - Carotene; ii) Xanthophyll (Lutein).
b) Limonoids: i) d-Limonene; ii) α-Terpineol.
c) Saponins: i) Shatavarins.
d) Flavonoids: i) Resveratrol ii) Rutin iii) Hesperidin iv) Naringin v) Quercetin.
e) Phenolic acids: Ellagic acid.
f) Vitamins.
g) Tocotrienols and Tocopherols
h) Andrographolide, Glycolipids, Gugulipids, Withanolides, Vascine, Taxol.
i) Miscellaneous.
5. Pharmacovigilance of Drugs of Natural Origin: WHO and AYUSH guidelines for 12 Hrs
safety monitoring of natural medicine, spontaneous reporting schemes for bio-drug
adverse reactions, bio drug-drug and bio drug-food interactions with suitable examples.
REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)

1. Pharmacognosy - G. E. Trease and W.C. Evans. Saunders Edinburgh, New York.

2. Pharmacognosy-Tyler, Brady, Robbers.
3. Modem Methods of Plant Analysis- Peach & M.V. Tracey, Vol. I & II.
4. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by T.E. Wallis.
5. Marine Natural Products-Vol.I to IV.
6. Natural products: A lab guide by Raphael Ikan , Academic Press 1991.
7. Glimpses of Indian Ethano Pharmacology, P. Pushpangadam. Ulf Nyman.V.George Tropical Botanic
Garden & Research Institute, 1995.
8. Medicinal natural products (a biosynthetic approach), Paul M. Dewick, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
England, 1998.
9. Chemistry of Marine Natural Products- Paul J. Schewer 1973.
10. Herbal Drug Industry by RD. Choudhary, Eastern Publisher, New Delhi, 1996.
11. Cultivation of Medicinal Plants by C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapoor.
12. Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants, C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapoor
13. Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops, AA Farooqui and B.S. Sreeramu. University Press, 2001.
14. Natural Products from Plants, 1st edition, by Peter B. Kaufman, CRC Press, New York, 1998.
15. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry- Vol. 1&4: Scikel Runeckles- Appleton Century crofts.
16. Text book of Pharmacognosy, C.K.Kokate, Purohit, Ghokhale, Nirali Prakasshan, 1996.
17. Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology, Ashutoshkar, New Age Publications, New Delhi.
 PHYTOCHEMISTRY
(MPG 103T)
Scope
Students shall be equipped with the knowledge of natural product drug discovery and will be able to
isolate, identify and extract and the phytoconstituents.

Objectives
Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to know the,
• Different classes of phytoconstituents, their biosynthetic pathways, their properties, extraction
and general process of natural product drug discovery.
• Phytochemical fingerprinting and structure elucidation of photoconstituents.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Biosynthetic pathways and Radio tracing techniques: Constituents & their Biosynthesis, 12 Hrs
Isolation, Characterization and purification with a special reference to their importance in
herbal industries of following phyto-pharmaceuticals containing drugs:
a) Alkaloids: Ephedrine, Quinine, Strychynine, Piperine, Berberine, Taxol, Vinca
alkoloids.
b) Glycosides: Digitoxin, Glycyrrhizin, Sennosides, Bacosides, Quercitin.
c) Steroids: Hecogenin, guggulosterone and withanolides.
d) Coumarin: Umbelliferone.
e) Terpenoids: Cucurbitacins.
2. Drug Discovery and Development: History of herbs as source of drugs and drug 12 Hrs
discovery, the lead structure selection process, structure development, product discovery
process and drug registration, Selection and optimization of lead compounds with suitable
examples from the following source: Artemesin, Andrographolides. Clinical studies
emphasising on phases of clinical trials, protocol design for lead molecules.
3. Extraction and Phytochemical Studies: Recent advances in extractions with emphasis 12 Hrs
on selection of method and choice of solvent for extraction, successive and exhaustive
extraction and other methods of extraction commonly used like microwave assisted
extraction, Methods of fractionation. Separation of phytoconstituents by latest CCCET,
SCFE techniques including preparative HPLC and Flash column chromatography.
4. Phytochemical Fingerprinting: HPTLC and LCMS/GCMS applications in the 12 Hrs
characterization of herbal extracts. Structure elucidation of phytoconstituents.
5. Structure elucidation of the following compounds by spectroscopic techniques like UV, 12 Hrs
IR, MS, NMR (1H, 13C)
a. Carvone, Citral, Menthol.
b. Luteolin, Kaempferol.
c. Nicotine, Caffeine
d. Glycyrrhizin.
REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)
1. Organic Chemistry by I.L. Finar Vol. II
2. Pharmacognosy by Trease and Evans, ELBS.
3. Pharmacognosy by Tylor and Brady.
4. Text book of Pharmacognosy by Wallis.
5. Clark’s Isolation and Identification of drugs by A.C. Mottal.
6. Plant Drug Analysis by Wagner & Bladt.
7. Wilson and Gisvolds text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Deorge. R.F.
8. The Chemistry of Natural Products, Edited by R.H. Thomson, Springer International Edn. 1994.
9. Natural Products Chemistry Practical Manual by Anees A Siddiqui and Seemi Siddiqui
10. Organic Chemistry of Natural Products, Vol. 1&2. Gurdeep R Chatwal.
11. Chemistry of Natural Products- Vol. 1 onwards IWPAC.
12. Modem Methods of Plant Analysis- Peach & M.V. Tracey, Vol. I & II.
13. Medicinal Natural products: A biosynthetic approach, Dewick PM, John Wiley & Sons, Toronto,
1998.
14. Chemistry of Natural Products, Bhat SV, Nagasampagi BA, Meenakshi S, Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi.
15. Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, 2nd edition, Bruneton J, Interceptt Ltd.,
New York, 1999.
 INDUSTRIAL PHARMACOGNOSTICAL TECHNOLOGY
(MPG 104T)

Scope
To understand the Industrial and commercial potential of drugs of natural origin, integrate traditional
Indian systems of medicine with modern medicine and also to know regulatory and quality policy for
the trade of herbals and drugs of natural origin.

Objectives
By the end of the course the student shall be able to know,
• The requirements for setting up the herbal/natural drug industry.
• The guidelines for quality of herbal/natural medicines and regulatory issues.
• The patenting/IPR of herbals/natural drugs and trade of raw and finished materials.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Herbal Drug Industry: Infrastructure of herbal drug industry involved in production 12 Hrs
of standardized extracts and various dosage forms. Current challenges in upgrading and
modernization of herbal formulations. Entrepreneurship Development, poject selection,
project report, technical knowledge, capital venture, plant design, layout and
construction. pilot plant scale–up techniques, case studies of herbal extracts.
Formulation and production management of herbals.
2. Regulatory Requirements for Setting Herbal Drug Industry: Global marketing 12 Hrs
management. Indian and international patent law as applicable herbal drugs and natural
products. Export - Import (EXIM) policy, TRIPS. Quality assurance in herbal/natural
drug products.
Concepts of TQM, GMP, GLP, ISO-9000.
3. Monographs of Herbal Drugs: General parameters of monographs of herbal drugs 12 Hrs
and comparative study in IP, USP, Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, Siddha and Unani
Pharmacopoeia, American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, British Herbal Pharmacopoeia,
WHO guidelines in quality assessment of herbal drugs.
4. Testing of Natural Products and Drugs: Herbal medicines - Clinical laboratory 12 Hrs
testing, stability testing of natural products, protocols.
5. Patents: Indian and international patent laws, proposed amendments as applicable to 12 Hrs
herbal/natural products and process. Geographical indication, copyright, patentable
subject maters, novelty, non obviousness, utility, enablement and best mode, procedure
for Indian patent filing, patent processing, grant of patents, rights of patents, cases of
patents, opposition and revocation of patents, patent search and literature, controllers of
patents.
REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)
1. Herbal Drug Industry by R.D. Choudhary (1996), Eastern Publisher, New Delhi.
2. GMP for Botanicals - Regulatory and Quality issues on Phytomedicine by Pulok K Mukharjee
(2003), Ist Edition, Business Horizons Robert Verpoorte, New Delhi.
3. Quality Control of Herbal Drugs by Pulok K Mukarjee (2002), Business Horizons
Pharmaceutical Publisher, New Delhi.
4. PDR for Herbal Medicines (2000), Medicinal Economic Company, New Jersey.
5. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002), IDMA, Mumbai.
6. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by C.K. Kokate, Purohit, Gokhlae (1996), Nirali Prakashan, New
Delhi.
7. Text Book of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry by Vinod D. RangarI (2002), Part I & II,
Career Publication, Nasik, India.
8. Plant Drug Analysis by H.Wagner and S.Bladt, Springer, Berlin.
9. Standardization of Botanicals. Testing and extraction methods of medicinal herbs by V. Rajpal
(2004), Vol.I, Eastern Publisher, New Delhi.
10. Phytochemical Dictionary. Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants by J.B.Harborne,
(1999), IInd Edition, Taylor and Francis Ltd, UK.
11. Herbal Medicine. Expanded Commission E Monographs by M.Blumenthal, (2004), IST Edition,
12. Drug Formulation Manual by D.P.S.Kohli and D.H.Shah (1998), Eastern Publisher, New Delhi.
 PHARMACOGNOSY PRACTICAL - I
(MPG I05P)

1. Analysis of Pharmacopoeial compounds of natural origin and their formulations by UV Vis

spectrophotometer.
2. Analysis of recorded spectra of simple phytoconstituents.
3. Experiments based on gas chromatography.
4. Estimation of sodium/potassium by flame photometry.
5. Development of fingerprint of selected medicinal plant extracts commonly used in herbal drug
industry viz. Ashwagandha, Tulsi, Bael, Amla, Ginger, Aloe, Vidang, Senna, Lawsonia by
TLC/HPTLC method.
6. Methods of extraction.
7. Phytochemical screening.
8. Demonstration of HPLC- estimation of glycerrhizin
9. Monograph analysis of clove oil.
10. Monograph analysis of castor oil.
11. Identification of bioactive constituents from plant extracts.
12. Formulation of different dosage forms and their standardization.
 SECOND SEMESTER
MEDICINAL PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
(MPG 201T)

Scope
To explore the knowledge of Biotechnology and its application in the improvement of quality of
medicinal plants

Objectives
Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to,
• Know the process like genetic engineering in medicinal plants for higher yield of
phytopharmaceuticals.
• Use the biotechnological techniques for obtaining and improving the quality of natural
products/medicinal plants.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology: Historical perspectives, prospects for 12 Hrs
development of plant biotechnology as a source of medicinal agents. Applications in
pharmacy and allied fields. Genetic and molecular biology as applied to pharmacognosy,
study of DNA, RNA and protein replication, genetic code, regulation of gene expression,
structure and complicity of genome, cell signaling, DNA recombinant technology.
2. Different Tissue Culture Techniques: Organogenesis and embryogenesis, synthetic 15 Hrs
seed and monoclonal variation, protoplast fusion, hairy root multiple shoot cultures and
their applications. Micro propagation of medicinal and aromatic plants. Sterilization
methods involved in tissue culture, gene transfer in plants and their applications.
3. Immobilization Techniques & Secondary Metabolite Production: Immobilization 15 Hrs
techniques of plant cell and its application on secondary metabolite production. Cloning
of plant cell: Different methods of cloning and its applications. Advantages and
disadvantages of plant cell cloning. Secondary metabolism in tissue cultures with
emphasis on production of medicinal agents. Precursors and elicitors on production of
secondary metabolites.
4. Biotransformation and Transgenesis: Biotransformation, bioreactors for pilot and large 13 Hrs
scale cultures of plant cells and retention of biosynthetic potential in cell culture.
Transgenic plants, methods used in gene identification, localization and sequencing of
genes. Application of PCR in plant genome analysis.
5. Fermentation Technology: Application of Fermentation technology, production of ergot 5 Hrs
alkaloids, single cell proteins, enzymes of pharmaceutical interest.
REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)

1. Plant Tissue Culture, Bhagwani, vol 5, Elsevier Publishers.

2. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture (Lab. Manual), JRMM. Yeoman.
3. Elements in Biotechnology by PK. Gupta, Rastogi Publications, New Delhi.
4. An introduction to Plant Tissue Culture by MK. Razdan, Science Publishers.
5. Experiments in Plant Tissue Culture by John HD and Lorin WR., Cambridge University Press.
6. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology by SP. Vyas and VK. Dixit, CBS Publishers.
7. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture by Jeffrey W. Pollard and John M Walker, Humana press.
8. Plant Tissue Culture by Dixon, Oxford Press, Washington DC, 1985
9. Plant Tissue Culture by Street.
10. Pharmacognosy by G. E. Trease and WC. Evans, Elsevier.
11. Biotechnology by Purohit and Mathur, Agro-Bio, 3rd revised edition.
12. Biotechnological applications to tissue culture by Shargool, Peter D, Shargoal, CKC Press.
13. Pharmacognosy by Varo E. Tyler, Lynn R. Brady and James E. Robberrt, That Tjen, NGO.
14. Plant Biotechnology, Ciddi Veerasham.
 ADVANCED PHARMACOGNOSY - II
(MPG 202T)

Scope
To know and understand the adulteration and deterioration that occurs in herbal/natural drugs and
methods of detection of the same. Study of herbal remedies and their validations, including methods of
screening.

Objectives
Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to know the,
• Validation of herbal remedies.
• Methods of detection of adulteration and evaluation techniques for the herbal drugs.
• Methods of screening of herbals for various biological properties.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Herbal remedies-Toxicity and Regulations: Herbals vs conventional drugs, efficacy 12 Hrs
of herbal medicine products, validation of herbal therapies, pharmacodynamic and
pharmacokinetic issues.
2. Adulteration and Deterioration: Introduction, types of adulteration/ substitution of 12 Hrs
herbal drugs, causes and measures of adulteration, sampling procedures, determination
of foreign matter. DNA Finger printing techniques in identification of drugs of natural
origin, detection of heavy metals, pesticide residues, phytotoxin, microbial
contamination in herbs and their formulations.
3. Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology: Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation, 12 Hrs
Impact of ethnobotany in traditional medicine. New development in herbals, bio-
prospecting tools for drug discovery, role of ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
reverse pharmacology.
4. Analytical Profiles of Herbal Drugs: Andrographis paniculata, Boswellia serata, 12 Hrs
Coleus forskholii, Curcuma longa, Embelica officinalis, Psoralea corylifolia.
5. Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs: Introduction and need for phyto- 12 Hrs
pharmacological screening, new strategies for evaluating natural products. In-vitro
evaluation techniques for antioxidants, antimicrobial and anticancer drugs. In-vivo
evaluation techniques for anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, wound healing,
antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, diuretics and antifertility. Toxicity
studies as per OECD guidelines.

REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)

1. Glimpses of Indian Ethano Pharmacology by P. Pushpangadam. Ulf Nyman. V.George Tropical
Botanic Garden & Research Institute.
2. Natural Products: A lab guide by Raphael Ikan, Academic Press.
3. Pharmacognosy - G. E. Trease and W.C. Evans. WB. Saunders Edinburgh, New York.
4. Pharmacognosy-Tyler, Brady, Robbers, Lee & Fetiger.
5. Modem Methods of Plant Analysis- Peach & M.V. Tracey, Vol. I & II, Springer Publishers.
6. Herbal Drug Industry by RD. Choudhary, Eastern Publishers, New Delhi.
7. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C.K. Kokate, Purohit, Ghokhale, Nirali Prakashan.
8. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by T.E. Wallis, J & A Churchill Ltd., London.
9. Quality control of herbal drugs by Pulok K Mukherjee, Business Horizons Pharmaceutical Publishers,
New Delhi.
10. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, IDMA, Mumbai.
11. Text book of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry by Vinod D. RangarI, Part I & II, Career
Publication, Nasik, India.
12. Plant Drug Analysis by H.Wagner and S.Bladt, 2nd edition, Springer, Berlin.
13. Standardization of Botanicals. Testing and Extraction Methods Of Medicinal Herbs by V. Rajpal
(2004), Vol. I, Eastern Publishers, New Delhi.
14. Herbal Medicine. Expanded Commission E Monographs, M. Blumenthal.
 INDIAN SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE
(MPG 203T)

Scope
To make the students understand thoroughly the principles, preparations of medicines of various Indian
systems of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Homeopathy and Unani. Also focusing on clinical research
of traditional medicines, quality assurance and challenges in monitoring the safety of herbal medicines.

Objectives
After completion of the course, student is able to
• To understand the basic principles of various Indian systems of medicine.
• To know the clinical research of traditional medicines, current good manufacturing practice of
Indian systems of medicine and their formulations.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Fundamental concepts of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homoeopathy systems of 12 Hrs
medicine. Different dosage forms of the ISM.
Ayurveda: Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, analysis of formulations and bio crude drugs
with references to: Identity, purity and quality.
Siddha: Gunapadam (Siddha Pharmacology), raw drugs/Dhatu/Jeevam in Siddha
system of medicine, Purification process (Suddhi).
2. Naturopathy, Yoga and Aromatherapy practices 12 Hrs
a) Naturopathy: Introduction, basic principles and treatment modalities.
b) Yoga: Introduction and Streams of Yoga. Asanas, Pranayama, Meditations and
relaxation techniques.
c) Aromatherapy: Introduction, aroma oils for common problems, carrier oils.
3. Formulation development of various systems of medicine. Salient features of the 12 Hrs
techniques of preparation of some of the important class of formulations as per
Ayurveda, Siddha, Homeopathy and Unani Pharmacopoeia and texts. Standardization,
Shelf life and stability studies of ISM formulations.
4. Schedule T: Good Manufacturing Practice of Indian systems of medicine 12 Hrs
Components of GMP (Schedule-T) and its objectives, infrastructural requirements,
working space, storage area, machinery and equipments, standard operating procedures,
health and hygiene, documentation and records.
Quality assurance in ISM formulation industry: GAP, GMP and GLP. Preparation of
documents for new drug application and export registration.
Challenges in monitoring the safety of herbal medicines: Regulation, quality assurance
and control, National/Regional Pharmacopoeias.
5. TKDL, Geographical Indication Bill, Government bills in AYUSH, ISM, CCRAS, 12 Hrs
CCRS, CCRH, CCRU.

REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)

1. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Govt. of India, New Delhi.
2. Hand Book on Ayurvedic Medicines, H. Panda, National Institute of Industrial Research, New Delhi.
3. Ayurvedic System of Medicine, Kaviraj Nagendranath Sengupata, Sri Satguru Publications, New
Delhi.
4. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia. Formulary of Ayurvedic Medicines, IMCOPS, Chennai.
5. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. Formulary of Homeopathic Medicines, IMCOPS, Chennai.
6. Homeopathic Pharmacy: An introduction & Hand book, Steven B. Kayne, Churchill Livingstone,
New York.
7. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, IDMA, Mumbai.
8. British Herbal Pharmacopoeia, BRITISH Herbal Medicine Association, UK.
9. GMP for Botanicals - Regulatory and Quality issues on Phytomedicine, Pulok K Mukharjee, Business
Horizons, New Delhi.
10. Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy in India, Planning and Evaluation Cell, Govt. of India,
New Delhi.
11. Essential of Food and Nutrition, Swaminathan, Bappco, Bangalore.
12. Clinical Dietitics and Nutrition, F.P. Antia, Oxford University Press, Delhi.
13. Yoga - The Science of Holistic Living by V.K.Yoga, Vivekananda Yoga Prakashna Publishing,
Bangalore.
 HERBAL COSMETICS
(MPG 204T)

Scope
This subject deals with the study of preparation and standardization of herbal/natural cosmetics. This
subject gives emphasis to various national and international standards prescribed regarding herbal
cosmeceuticals.

Objectives
After completion of the course, student shall be able to,
• Understand the basic principles of various herbal/natural cosmetic preparations.
• Current good manufacturing practices of herbal/natural cosmetics as per the regulatory
authorities.

THEORY 60 Hrs
1. Introduction: Herbal/natural cosmetics, classification & economic aspects. Regulatory 12 Hrs
provisions relation to manufacture of cosmetics: License, GMP, offences & penalties.
Import & export of herbal/natural cosmetics, industries involved in the production of
herbal/natural cosmetics.
2. Commonly used herbal cosmetics, raw materials, preservatives, surfactants, humectants, 12 Hrs
oils, colors, and some functional herbs, preformulation studies, compatibility studies,
possible interactions between chemicals and herbs, design of herbal cosmetic
formulation.
3. Herbal Cosmetics: Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, 12 Hrs
lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath
products, soaps and baby product, preparation and standardization of the following :
Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
4. Cosmeceuticals of Herbal and Natural Origin: Hair growth formulations, shampoos, 12 Hrs
conditioners, colorants & hair oils, fairness formulations, vanishing & foundation
creams, anti-sun burn preparations, moisturizing creams, deodorants.
5. Analysis of Cosmetics, Toxicity Screening and Test Methods: Quality control and 12 Hrs
toxicity studies as per Drug and Cosmetics Act.

REFERENCES (Latest Editions of)

1. Cosmetics: Formulation, Manufacture and Quality Control by Sharma, P.P., Vandana Publications,
Agra.
2. Handbook of Cosmetic science and Technology by Barel A.O., Paye M., Maibach H.I., CRC Press,
London.
3. Herbal Cosmetics by Pande H., Asia Pacific Business Press Inc., New Delhi.
4. The complete Technology Book on Herbal Perfumes and Cosmetics, National Institute of Industrial
Research, Delhi.
5. Herbal Cosmetics and Ayurvedic Medicines (EOU) by Chattopadhyay P.K., National Institute of
Industrial Research, Delhi.
6. Cosmetics Science and Technology by Balsam M.S., Edward S., Vol-II, Wiley Interscience, New
York.
7. Cosmeticology by Harry’s M.M., Chemical Publishing Company, New York.
8. Technology of Herbal Cosmetics and Toiletries Products with Formulae Published by Engineers India
Research Institute, New Delhi.
9. Medicinal Plants Traditional Knowledge by Trivedi P.C., I.K. International Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi
10. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a scientific Basis by Bisset
N.G., Wichtl M., Medpharm Scientific Publication, Centurion.
11. Handbook of Medicinal Plants by Yaniv Z., Bachrach U., CBS Publishers and Distributors, New
Delhi.
12. Thomson EG. Modern Cosmetics, Universal Publishing Corporation, Mumbai.
13. Supriya K B. Handbook of Aromatic Plants, Pointer Publishers, Jaipur.
14. Aromatic Plants (Horticulture Science Series) by Skaria P. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.
15. Aromatheraphy (A Complete Guide to the Healing Art), Sri Satguru Publications by Kathi Keville
and Mindy Green, New Delhi.
 HERBAL COSMETICS PRACTICALS
(MPG 205P)

1. Isolation of nucleic acid from cauliflower heads.

2. Isolation of RNA from yeast.
3. Quantitative estimation of DNA.
4. Immobilization technique.
5. Establishment of callus culture.
6. Establishment of suspension culture.
7. Estimation of aldehyde contents of volatile oils.
8. Estimation of total phenolic content in herbal raw materials.
9. Estimation of total alkaloid content in herbal raw materials.
10. Estimation of total flavonoid content in herbal raw materials.
11. Preparation and standardization of various simple dosage forms from Ayurvedic, Siddha,
Homoeopathy and Unani formulary.
12. Preparation of certain Aromatherapy formulations.
13. Preparation of herbal cosmetic formulation such as lip balm, lipstick, facial cream, herbal hair and
nail care products.
14. Evaluation of herbal tablets and capsules.
15. Preparation of sunscreen, UV protection cream, skin care formulations.
16. Formulation & standardization of herbal cough syrup.