8 marks Questions :-

Unit -1

PLAIN SCALE

Q1. Construct a scale of 1 cm - Im to read metres and decimetres and long enough to measure upto 14
metres, Show on this scale a distance equal to 12.4 metres.

Q2. Draw a scale of 1: 50 or of representative fraction 1/50 to show metres and decimetres, and long
enough to measure upto 6 metres

Q3. A rectangular plot 16 square kilometres in area is represented on a certain map by a similar
rectangle of area I square centimetre Draw a plain scale to show units of ten kilometres and single
kilometres and long enough to read upto 60 km. Find R.F. of the scale. Also show distance of 53
kilometres on it.

Q4. The distance between Ludhiana and Ambala Cantt, railway stations is 120 kilometres, a passenger
train covers this distance in 4 hours. Construct a plain scale to measure time upto a single minute. The
R.F. of the scale is 1/200000 Indicate, on the scale, the distance covered by the train in 38 minutes

DIAGONAL SCALES :-

Q5. Distance between two railway stations is 600 km. It is represented on a railway map by a line 15 cm
long. Construct a diagonal scale to measure upto a kilometre. Find its R.F. and indicate a distance of 346
km on this scale.
Q6. Construct a diagonal scale of 1:50, to show metres decimetres and centimetres and long enough to
measure upto 6 metres. Also Indicate on this scale a distance of 4 m, 5 dm and 4 cm.

Q7. The distance between Ludhiana and Chandigarh is 100 km and it is represented on a certain map by
a line 2.5 cm long. Find the R.F of the scale of the map. Draw its diagonal scale showing single kilometre
and long enough to measure upto 600 km, Indicate a distance of 573 km on this scale.

Q8. . Construct a diagonal scale of representative fraction 1/500. It should be long enough to measure
100 metres. Show a distance of 64.4 metres on the scale.

Unit -2

PROJECTIONS OF POINTS :-

Q9. Draw the projections of the following points on a common XY line. Keep the distance between two
consecutive projectors as 20 mm.

A. 30 mm above the HP and 40 mm in front of VP

B. 80 mm above the HP and 40 mm behind the VP

C. 30 mm below the HP and 40 mm behind the VP

D. 30 mm below the HP and 40 mm in front of VP

F. in the VP and 40 mm below the HP.

G. in both the HP and the VP

Q10. Point A is 20 mm above HP and 30 mm. in front of VP and point B is 25 mm below HP and 40 mm
behind the VP. The end projectors for these points are 40 mm apart. Draw the projections of the points
and find the length of the front view and the top view of the line joining points A and B.

Q11. A point P is 40 mm below HP,in third quadrant,and its shortest distance from XY line is 55mm.Draw
its front and top view.

Q12. A point P is 30 mm above HP and 25 mm in front of VP. Determine its least distance from the XY
line.

Q13. A point is situated in first quadrant. It is 40 mm above H.P. and 30 mm in front of V.P. Draw its
projections and find its shortest distance from the intersection of H.P., V.P. and auxiliary plane.

Q14. State the quadrants in which the following points are situated:

(a) A point C, its top view is 35 mm above XY and its front view is 25 mm below the XY line

(b) A point D, its top view is 40 mm below XY line and its front view on the XY line

(c) A point E, its top view on XY line and front view 40 mm from the XY line
Q15. .A point E is 20 mm below HP and 20 mm behind VP. Another point F is 30 mm above the HP and
40 mm in front of the VP. The distance between the projectors of E and F is 50 mm. Draw the
projections of points E and F Also Find the length of Top views and Front views.

PROJECTIONS OF LINES :-

Q16. A line AB, 60 mm long has its end B 20 mm away from HP and 40 mm away from VP. The line is
parallel to both the principle planes. Draw its projections in all the four quadrants.

Q17. A line AB, 60 mm long, has its end B 30 mm away from HP and 20 mm away from VP The line is
parallel to the HP and is inclined at 30° to the VP. Draw its projections, in the Third quadrants, when the
whole line lies in the same same quadrant.Also locate its traces

Q17. .A line AB, 35 mm long, is perpendicular to VP and its end B is 15 mm from HP and 10 mm from the
VP. The extremities of the line lie in same quadrants. Draw ils projections in the first and third
quadrants. Also locate its traces.

Q18.A line AB, 35 mm long, is perpendicular to HP and its end B is 15 mm from HP and 10 mm from the
VP. The extremities of the line lie in same quadrants. Draw ils projections in the first and third
quadrants. Also locate its traces.

Q19. Plan ab, of a line AB, measures 40 mm. The line is parallel to VP and inclined to HP at 30 and its end
A is 10 mm below the HP and 20 mm behind the VP. Draw the projections of the line and determine its
true length. Assume the line to be in third quadrant.

Q20.A line "AB" is contained bya profile plane.Its end "A" is 44 mm behind VP and 12, below HP and end
"B" is 8 mm behind VP and 52 mm below HP.Draw its projection and find TL.thita,phi, HT and VT.

Q21. A line AB, 65 mm long, has its end A both in HP and VP, It is inclined at 45° to the HP and 30° to the
VP. Draw its projections when:
(1) the line is in third quadrant.

(ii) the line is in first quadrant

Q22. A line AB, has its end A 7 mm behind VP and 18 mm below HP and the end B 38 mm behind the VP
and 49 mm below the HP. The distance between the end projectors is 37 mm. Draw the projections of
the line and find out its TL, phi and traces.

Unit - 3

PROJECTION OF PLANES :-

Q1: A rectangular pentagonal lamina ABCDE of 25mm side has its corner A in HP and the sides. CD
parallel to HP. Draw its projections when its plane is parallel to VP. Also locates its traces.

Q2: A rectangular hexagonal lamina ABCDE 20 mm side has its corner A in HP and the side EF
perpendicular to HP. Draw its projections when its plane is parallel to and 20mm from VP. Locate its
traces too.

Q3: A regular hexagonal thin plate of 50mm side has a circular hole of 50mm diameter in the centre. It's
resting on the one of the corners in HP. Draw it's the projections when the plate surface is vertical and
inclined at 30" to the VP.

Q4: A thin circular plate of 50 mm has a square hole of 25mm side, cut centrally through it. Draw its
projections when the plate is resting on HP with its surface inclined at 30° to the HP and an edge of
square hole is perpendicular to VP
Q5: A regular pentagonal lamina ABCDE of 25 mm side has its corner A in HP. Its side CD parallel to the
HP and inclined at 45° with the VP. The plane of the pentagon makes an angle of 30 with the HP. Draw
its projections.

06: An equilateral triangular thin plate ABC of 65mm side has a circle inscribed in it. Draw the
projections, when its plane is vertical and inclined at 30 to the VP and one of he sides of the triangle is
inclined at 45" to the HP.

Q7: A thin circular plate of 60 mm appears as an ellipse in the front view, having its major axis 60mm
long and minor axis 40 mm long. Draw its top view when the major axis of the ellipse is horizontal

Q8: A thin triangular sheet ABC has its sides AB=50mm, BC=45mm and CA-35mm.Draw its projections
when its sides AB in VP and inclined at 30° to HP, while its surfaces makes an angle of 45" with the VP

Q9. A regular hexagonal lamina of 30 mm sides is standing on an edge on the ground which makes 30 to
the VP and plane itself is at 60 to the plane. Draw the projections of the lamina.

Q10: A circular lamina of 20 mm radius appears has an ellipse of 40 mm major axis and 25mm minor axis
in the view from above. Draw the projections on the lamina.

PROJECTIONS OF SOLIDS :-

1. Draw the projections of a square prism of 25mm sides base and 50mm long axis. The prism is resting
with one of its corners in VP and axis inclined at 30° to VP and parallel to HP.

2. A pentagonal pyramid, base 40mm side and height 75mm rests on one edge on its base on the ground
so that the highest point in the base is 25mm. above ground. Draw the projections when the axis is
parallel to Vp. Draw an another front view on an AVP inclined at 30° to edge on which it is resting so that
the base is visible.
3. A square pyramid of side 30mm and axis 60 mm long has one of its slant edges inclined at 45° to HP
and a plane containing that slant edge and axis is inclined at 30° to VP. Draw the projections.

4. A hexagonal prism, base 30mm sides and axis 75mm long, has an edge of the base parallel to the HP
and inclined at 45° to the VP. Its axis makes an angle of 60° with the HP. Draw its projections. Draw
another top view on an auxiliary plane inclined at 50° to the HP.

5. Draw the three views of a cone having base 50 mm diameter and axis 60mm long It is resting on a
ground on a point of its base circle. The axis is inclined at 40° to ground and at 30° to VP.

6. Draw the projections of a square prism resting on an edge of base on HP. The axis makes an angle of
30º with VP and 45° with HP. Take edge of base 25mm and axis length as 125mm.

1. A cone diameter of base 60 mm and height 90 mm is resting on H.P. on the point of periphery of the
base. Axis of the cone makes 60° with the H.P. and 30° with the V.P. Draw the projections of the cone,
when the apex is nearer to V.P.

2. A square pyramid, side of base 50 mm and axis 80 mm long has one of its triangular faces in the V.P.
and edge of its base contained by that face makes an angle of 30° with the H.P. Draw the projection of a
square pyramid.

3. A right square prism edge of base 30 mm and height 65 mm rests on one of its base corners on H.P.
with its axis inclined at 45° to H.P. and the top view of the axis inclined at 30° to V.P. Draw its
projections.

4. A regular pentagonal pyramid of base 40 mm sides and height 70 mm rests on one of its slant edges
on the H.P. The plan of axis is inclined to V.P. at 30° with apex is nearer to the V.P. Draw the projection
of regular pentagonal pyramid.
5. A cube of 40 mm edges is resting on the H.P. on one of the edges of the base with face containing that
edge making 30º with the H.P. The edge on which the cube rests on the H.P. is making 30° with the V.P.
Draw its projections.

6. A right circular cylinder, diameter of base 50mm and length of axis 70mm rests on H.P. on its base rim
such that its axis is inclined at 45° to H.P. and the top view of the axis is inclined at 60 to the V.P. Draw
its projections.

7. A right regular tetrahedron, edge of base 30mm is held on ground plane on one of its base corner
points such that the slant edge containing the base corner is inclined at 60 to H.P. and the base edge
opposite the corner point inclined at 45° to the V.P. Draw its projections.

Projection of Solids

1. 1. A right pentagonal pyramid side of side of base 30 mm and height 60mm rests on one of its base on
HP; the base being lifted up until higher corner in it is 40 mm above HP draw the projection when the
edge on which it rests is made perpendicular to VP.

2. A cylinder of base diameter 60mm and height 80 mm is resting on HP in one of its generators with its
axis inclined at 50" to VP. Draw its projections.

3. A cone of 30 mm diameter and 70 mm height rests on the ground on one of its base circle point such
that apex is 20mm and the nearest base is perpendicular to HP. Draw its projections.

4. A cone 30 mm diameter and 70 mm height rests on ground on one of its base circle point such that
apex is 20 mm and the nearest base circle point is 50mm in front of VP and the base is perpendicular to
HP. draw the projections.

5. Draw the projection of hexagonal prism whose one rectangular face is 25mm x 65 mm resting on HP
on one of its base corners such that the other extreme corner is 30mm above HP with the axis parallel to
VP.
6. A hexagonal pyramid of base 25 mm and axis 60 mm long is freely suspended from a corner of the
base. Draw the projections.

7. A right hexagonal pyramid, edge of base 25mm and height 50 mm, rests on one of its base on HP with
its axis parallel to VP. draw the projections of the pyramid hen its base make an angle of 45" to the HP.

8. A pentagonal prism, side of base 25 mm and axis 50 mm long, rests with one of its shorter edges on
HP such that the base containing that edge makes an angle of 30" to HP and its axis parallel to VP. Draw
its projections.

9. Draw the projections of a hexagonal prism of base side 20mm and axis length 50mm when its rests on
the ground on one of the edges of the base and the axis inclined at 35 to the ground and parallel to the
VP.

10. Draw the projections of pentagonal pyramid of base side 30mm and altitude 60 mm when it rests on
the ground on one of its base sides with the axis inclined at 30" to the ground and parallel to the VP.

Projections of solids:

1. A pentagonal prism is resting on a side of its base on the H.P. with a longer edge containing that side
inclined at 30° to the H.P. Draw its projections. Base 40 mm side, height 65 mm.

2. A Hexagonal prism is resting on a side of its base on the V.P. with a side inclined at 45° to the V.P.
Draw its projections. Base 30 mm side, height 50 mm.

3. A Hexagonal pyramid, base 25mm side and axis 60 mm long has one of its triangular faces in the H.P
and the edge of the base contained by that face. Draw its projections.
4. A pentagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 60 mm long rests with one of the edge of its base on
H.P. such that the base is inclined at 60° to the H.P. Draw its projections.

5. A pentagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 65 mm long has one of its corner of its base in the
H.P. The axis is 45° to the H.P. Draw the projections of the solid.

UNIT- 4

ISOMETRIC PROJECTION :-

Problem1.A hemi sphere of 36 mm rests on its circular base on the top of a cube of 36mm side.Draw the
isometric projection of the solids.

Problem2.A sphere of phi 40 mm rests centrally on top of a cube of 40mm side.Draw the isometric views
of the solids.

Problem3.A right circular cone of phi 30mm base and height 36 mm rests centrally on top ofa square
block of 48mm side and 22mm thick.Draw the isometric projection of the two solids.

:Problem4.A right regular hexagonal prism,edge of base20mm and height 50mm,has a circular hole of &
20mm,drilled centrally throughout ,along its axis.Draw its isometric projection,

:Problem5.A cube,of 30mm edge,is placed centrally on top of a cylindrical block of 52mm and 20mm
height.Draw the isometric drawing of the solids.

Problem6.A cube, 25mm edge,is placed centrally on the top of another square block,of 40mm edge and
15mm thick.Draw the isometric drawing of the two solids.

:Problem7.Draw the isometric drawing of the frustum of a right regular hexagonal pyramid,side of base
hexagonal is 20mm,side of top hexagon is10mm and height of the frustum is 40mm.
:Problem8.A right regular square pyramid is placed centrally onbthe top of a cube and the two solids are
then placed centrally on top of a circular cylinder, Draw isometric projection of the solids.