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Protestant Reformation VIP's (2) - 1

Martin Luther initiated the Protestant Reformation by nailing his 95 Theses to the University of Wittenberg's chapel door in 1517, criticizing the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the sale of indulgences. John Calvin succeeded Luther, promoting predestination and establishing Geneva as a Protestant center, influencing various Protestant movements across Europe. King Henry VIII separated from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England, while his daughter Elizabeth I later re-established Protestantism as the national religion after a brief return to Catholicism.

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8 views4 pages

Protestant Reformation VIP's (2) - 1

Martin Luther initiated the Protestant Reformation by nailing his 95 Theses to the University of Wittenberg's chapel door in 1517, criticizing the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the sale of indulgences. John Calvin succeeded Luther, promoting predestination and establishing Geneva as a Protestant center, influencing various Protestant movements across Europe. King Henry VIII separated from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England, while his daughter Elizabeth I later re-established Protestantism as the national religion after a brief return to Catholicism.

Uploaded by

jacob.arispe6
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Martin Luther October 31, 1517 - Luther nails his 95 Theses

to the door of the chapel of the University of


Wittenberg attacking many of the Catholic
Church's actions

Pope Leo X was trying to raise money to help


build St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome by issuing
indulgences (paying money for forgiveness of
sins)

1n 1518 Luther is ordered by the Pope to


recant his Theses; he refuses and is then
excommunicated from the Catholic church
1483 - 1546
Thus begins the Protestant Reformation
John Calvin Was the successor to Martin Luther; was the
strict theologian who made formal,
Protestantism

Believed in Predestination

He made Geneva Switzerland the home of


the Protestant religion (like Rome for
Catholicism)

Major contribution was the spread of


Protestantism - Presbyterianism in
Scotland; Puritans in England; the Reformed
Church in the Netherlands; Protestant
1509 - 1564 Church in Denmark
King Henry VIII Was never granted a formal divorce from
the Pope; but in 1533 “divorces” Catherine
of Aragon (Spain)

In 1534 Parliament passed the Act Of


Supremacy making Henry VIII the supreme
head of the Church of England

Not accepted at first; from 1536-1537


30,000 people in the north rebelled against
Henry; the rebellion was squashed and 200
people were executed

1491 - 1547
Elizabeth I
Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boelyn
(wife #2) born in 1533

After Henry’s death in 1547, Catholicism


was brought back by Elizabeth’s half sister
Mary, daughter of Catherine

Becomes queen in 1558, age 25

Re-establishes Protestantism in England by


establishing the Anglican Church as the
“national” church

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