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Biology Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on high school biology, covering key topics such as cell biology, genetics, evolution, human systems, and ecology. It explains the structure and function of cells, the role of DNA and genes, the theory of natural selection, major human body systems, and ecological interactions. Each section highlights essential concepts and terminology relevant to the subject.

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rezimeshveliani.nschool
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6 views1 page

Biology Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on high school biology, covering key topics such as cell biology, genetics, evolution, human systems, and ecology. It explains the structure and function of cells, the role of DNA and genes, the theory of natural selection, major human body systems, and ecological interactions. Each section highlights essential concepts and terminology relevant to the subject.

Uploaded by

rezimeshveliani.nschool
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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High School Biology Comprehensive Notes

**1. Cell Biology:**

- The cell is the basic unit of life. All living organisms are made up of cells.

- Types: Prokaryotic (bacteria) and Eukaryotic (plant, animal).

- Organelles: Nucleus (controls cell activities), Mitochondria (produces energy), Ribosomes (protein

synthesis), Endoplasmic Reticulum (transport system), Golgi Apparatus (packaging center),

Lysosomes (digestion).

**2. Genetics:**

- DNA is the hereditary material in humans and almost all organisms.

- Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins.

- Mendel's Laws: Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment.

**3. Evolution:**

- Theory by Charles Darwin: Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to

the environment tend to survive.

- Evidence: Fossil records, DNA similarities, embryonic development.

**4. Human Systems:**

- Circulatory: Heart, blood, and vessels.

- Respiratory: Lungs and airways.

- Nervous: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

**5. Ecology:**

- Study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

- Levels: Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere.

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