Date: 29.11.

2024

Live MCQTM
বিবিএি, ি্যাংক ও অন্্যন্্ িরকযরী চযকুবরর প্রস্তুবি

English Wizard
Lecture: 05

Topic: Voice

Mentor:
Ema Halima
38 BCS (General Education Cadre)
th

Professor of English Dept.

Comilla Victoria Govt. college, Comilla
 Class Overview

• voice সম্পর্কে ধারণা।

• voice পররবর্ের্ের রেয়মসমূ হ।
• বিগত সালের প্রশ্ন সমাধান।
Voice
ইাংররবি গ্রযমযরর Voice িলরি বিযঝযরন্য হয় বিয়যর এমন্ একবি রূপ, যয িযরক্ কযিবি বক কররে িয কযর মযধ্্রম
কযিবি িম্পন্ন হরে িয প্রকযশ করর। Voice মূ লি দু বি প্রকযর:
1. Active Voice
যখন্ িযরক্র কিতয (subject) বন্রি কযিবি িম্পন্ন করর, িখন্ বিবিরক Active Voice িলয হয়।
কযঠযরময: Subject + Verb + Object
উদযহরণ:
The boy kicks the ball.
She wrote a letter.

2. Passive Voice
যখন্ িযরক্র কিতয (subject) কযিবি বন্রির দ্বযরয িম্পন্ন ন্য করর িরাং অন্্ বকযরন্য মযধ্্রম কযিবি িম্পন্ন হয়,
িখন্ বিবিরক Passive Voice িলয হয়। এখযরন্ কযি িয কমত (object) এর উপর বিবশ গুরুত্ব বদওয়য হয়।
structure: Object + Be Verb + Past Participle (V3) + By + Subject
উদযহরণ:
The ball is kicked by the boy.
A letter was written by her.
Active থেলে Passive েরার বনয়ম:
1. Object-বক িযরক্র শুরুরি বন্রয় আিয।
2. Be Verb বযযগ করয (Tense অন্ু যযয়ী)।
3. মূ ল বিয়যবি (Verb) এর Past Participle (V3) রূপ ি্িহযর করয।
4. কিতয (Subject)-বক By ি্িহযর করর িযরক্ যু ক্ত করয (যবদ প্ররয়যিন্ হয়)।
উদযহরণ:
Active: He plays football.
Passive: Football is played by him.
Active: They will complete the project.
Passive: The project will be completed by them.
Voice পবরিিতরন্র িময় িযরক্র মূ ল অর্ত অপবরিবিতি র্যরক।

Use of auxiliary verb in a passive voice:

Tense Active Passive
1. present indefinite
Do/ does Am/is/ are
tense
2. Present continuous Am being / is being / are
Am/ is/are
tense being
3. present perfect tense Have / has Have been/ has been
4. past indefinite tense Did Was / were
 5. past continuous tense Was /were Was being / were being
6. past perfect tense Had Had been
7. future indefinite tense Shall / will Shall be / will be
8. future continuous Shall be being / will be
Shall be / will be
tense being
Shall have / will Shall have been / will have
9. future perfect tense
have been

এখালন Common Structure গুলো উদাহরণসহ আলোচনা েরা হলো:

Tense Active Passive Structure
Sub + am/is/are +V pp + (+
Sub + v + obj
1. Present Indefinite by + obj)
I eat rice.
Rice is eaten by me.
sub + am/is/are + v-ing sub + am/is/are + being + V
2. Present Continuous + obj pp
I am eating rice. Rice is being eaten by me.
sub + have/has + V p p + sub + have been/has been +
3. Present Perfect obj V pp
I have eaten rice. Rice has been eaten by me.
sub + v-past + obj sub + was/were + V pp
4. Past Indefinite
I ate rice. Rice was eaten by me.
sub + was/were + being + V
sub + was/were + v-ing
pp
5. Past Continuous + obj
Rice was being eaten by
I was eating rice
me.
sub + had + V p p + obj sub + had been + V pp + obj
6. Past Perfect
I had eaten rice. Rice had been eaten by me.
sub + shall be/will be + V pp
sub + shall/will + V + obj
7. Future Indefinite +obj
I shall eat rice.
Rice will be eaten by me.
sub + shall be /will be being
sub + shall be/will be +
+ V Pp. + obj
8. Future Continuous v-ing + obj
Rice will be being eaten by
I shall be eating rice.
me.
sub + shall have /will have
sub + shall have/will
been + V pp + obj
9. Future Perfect have + V pp + obj
Rice will have been eaten by
I shall have eaten rice.
me.

Assertive sentence

Rule 1: িকল প্রকযর Tense যু ক্ত Active বক Voice Passive Voice – এ রূপযরের বন্য়ম:
Object বি Subject হয় + Tense Person অন্ু যযয়ী Auxiliary verb িরি + মূ ল verb এর past
participle form িরি +
By িরি (িযধ্যরণি) + Subject এর Objective form িরি
 Example:
1. The correct passive of ‘Sheila was writing a letter’ is.
A. letter was writing by Sheila.
B. A letter was being writing by Sheila.
C. A letter was being written by Sheila.
D. A letter was been written by Sheila.

2. The best passive form of the sentence: ‘We don’t like idle people’.
A. We are not liked by idle people.
B. Idle people are not like us.
C. Idle people are not liked by us.
D. Idle people are not of our liking.

3. The passive form of the sentence: ‘Some children were helping the
wounded man’.
A. The wounded man was helped by some children.
B. The wounded man was helping some children.
C. The wounded man was being helped by some children.
D. The wounded man was to be helped by some children.

Modals Passive
Rule 1: Modals Passive: Shall, Should, will, would, may, might, can, could, must,
ought to, going to, have to, has to, due to, owing to, knowing to, like to, prefer
to, forward to, is to, am to, are to, যু ক্ত Active Voice – থে Passive Voice-এ পবরিব তন েরার
সময় এলদর পলর be িলস এিং তার পলরই মূ ে Verb টির Past participle form িলস।

Voice পবরিতব ন বনয়ম:

Object Subject হয় + প্রদত্ত Modal Verb+ Be + মূ ে Verb এর Past participle form + By
+ Subject টির Object form|

Example: The Passive form the sentence: ‘Even a little mouse may help
a lion’
A. A lion may helped even by a little mouse.
B. A lion may be helped even by a little mouse.
C. A lion may be helped even to a little mouse.
D. A lion is being helped even by a little mouse.

Imperative Sentence
Rule 1: শুধু মূ ে Verb বদলয় Sentence হলে Active Voice – থে Passive Voice – এ
রূপান্তবরত েরার বনয়ম:

Let + Object + Be+ মূ ে Verb এর past participle form

Example:
Active : Do the work.
Passive : Let the work be done.
 Rule 2: Do not দিয়ে Sentence হয়ে Imperative Sentence -থেয়ে Active Voice এর
Passive Voice েরার দিেম:

Let not + Object + Be + Verb past participle form

Example:
Active : Do not hate the poor.
Passive: Let not the poor be hated
Rule-3: Let + ি্বক্তিযচক Object (me, us, you, them, him her) Imperative
Sentence-এর Active Voice বর্রক Passive Voce রূপযেবরি করযর বন্য়ম:

Let + Object + Be + মূ ে Verb এর past participle form + by + প্রদত্ত িযবক্তিাচে object

Example:
Active : Let him write a letter.
Passive : Let a letter be written by him.

Rule 4: Never যু ক্ত Imperative Sentence এর Passive

Let not + Object + Ever be + মূ ে Verb এর Past Participle form
Example:
Active : Never hate the poor.
Passive: let not the poor ever be hated.

Rule 5: Imperative এ Sentence Active Voice -এ যবদ please কর্যবি র্যরক, িযহরল
Passive Voice -এ ‘You are requested to’ কর্যগুবল ি্িহুি হয়। বযমন্ :
Active : Please do this work
Passive : You are requested to do this work.
[N.B. Negative sentence -এ পর let – এর এর pronoun _র্যকরল Let + pronoun + not
ি্িহূ ি হয়। বযমন্: Let him not do the work]

Interrogative Sentence:
Rule 1: Interrogative Sentence -এর Active voice বক Passive voice – এ পবরিিতন্
করযর বন্য়ম:
প্রেম Interrogative Sentence -টিয়ে Assertive Sentence -এ রূপান্তদরত েরয়ত হে
+হে+

রূপযেবরি Assertive Sentence টিয়ে Passive voice – এ পবরিিতন্ কররি হয় +

এিযরর রূপযেবরি Sentence টির Passive voice এর be verb বিরক প্রর্রম িিযরি হয়
+
©
iv) বশরে প্রশ্নরিযধ্ক বচহ্ন িিযরি হয়।
Example:
Active (Interrogative): Have You done the work?
Assertive Sentence: You have done the work.
Passive (Assertive Sentence): The work has been done by you.
Passive (Interrogative): Has the work been done by you?

Rule 2: who যু ক্ত Interrogative Sentence -এর Active voice বক Passive voice -এ
পবরণি করযর বন্য়ম:
Who এর পবরিরিত প্রর্ম by whom িরি +

Tense ও person অন্ু যযয়ী auxiliary verb (be verb) িরি +

Object – বির Subjective form িরি +

মূ ল Verb এর past participle form িরি। এিাং প্রশ্নরিযধ্ক বচহ্ন িরি।

Example:
Active : who will do it?
Passive : By whom will it be done?

Rule 3: Whom যু ক্ত Interrogative Sentence -এর Active -বক voice Passive voice
এর পবরণি করযর বন্য়

Whom এর পবরিরিত প্রর্রম who িরি +

Tense ও person অন্ু যযয়ী auxiliary verb (be verb) িরি +

মূ ল Verb এর past participle form িি।

by িরি +

Subject বির Objective form িরি+

প্রশ্নরিযধ্ক বচহ্ন িরি।

Example:
Active : Whom did you see on the road?
Passive : Who was seen by you on the road?
Rule 4: What যু ক্ত Interrogative Sentence -এর Active voice বক Passive voice – এ
পবরণি করযর বন্য়ম:
What প্রর্রম িরি +

Tense অন্ু যযয়ী auxiliary verb (be verb) িরি +

মূ ল Verb এর past participle form িরি +

by িরি +

Subject বির Objective form িরি +

প্রশ্নরিযধ্ক বচহ্ন িরি।

Example:
Active : What do you want?
Passive : What is wanted by you?

Special rules for Voice change:

Rule 1:
Passive এর বেরে িি িময় by িরি ন্য; িরাং by এর পবরিরিত অন্্যন্্ preposition বযমন্: to, at,
with, in ইি্যবদ িিরি পযরর। িযধ্যরণি verb বেরদ বিবেন্ন preposition িরি।
Verbs by-এর পবরিলতব িলস
Know to
annoy with
Surprise at
satisfy with
contain in
shock at
seize with
marvel at
embody in

Example:
Active: I know him.
Passive: He is known to me.
Active: The student satisfied the teacher.
Passive: The teacher was satisfied with the student.
Active: The news will shock you.
Passive: You will be shocked at the news.
Active: This news surprised me.
Passive: I was surprised at the news.
Rule 2:
Active verb -এর কিতয যবদ people, one someone, somebody ইি্যবদ িযধ্যরণি িয অবন্বদতষ্ট
ি্বক্ত হয় িযহরল passive করযর িময় িযরদররক by িহ বলখয যযরি ন্য।
People always remember the patriots.
Which of the following is the best passive form of the above sentence?
A. The patriots will always be remembered by people.
B. The patriots are always being remembered.
C. People are always remembered by the patriots.
D. The patriots are always remembered.

Rule 3:
sentence -এ বিয়যর কিতয বদওয়য ন্য র্যকরল Passive বর্রক Active করযর িময় একবি িু বিধ্যিন্ক
কিতয বযমন্ : someone somebody, people the authority ইি্যবদ ধ্রর বন্রি হরি।
Passive: English is spoken all over the world.
Active : people speak English all over the world.
Passive: My pen has been stolen.
Active : Someone has stolen my pen.
Passive: A promise should be kept.
Active : One should keep one’s promise.

Choose the correct passive form- One should keep one’s promise. (PSC:
2005)
A. One’s promise should be kept by him.
B. A promise should be kept.
C. One’s promise should be kept by one.
D. One’s promise should be kept by himself.

Quasi-passive voice
Rule 4:
Quasi-passive voice িয কমতকিততিযচ্ গঠন্রীবিরি Active বকে অরর্তর বদরক বর্রক Passive। এরক
বন্ম্ন বলবখি উপযরয় Passive form – এ পবরিিতন্ করয যযয়। বযমন্:
Active : Rice sells cheap.
Passive: Rice is cheap when it is sold.
Or, Rice is sold cheap.
Bare Infinitive voice

Rule 5: Need, did, dare, make, hear, feel know, behold, watch প্রেতবি verb গুরলযর
পর Active voice-এ to উহ্ র্যরক। , passive করযর িময় এরদর পরর to িরি।
Active : They made him do the work.
Passive: He was made to do the work by them.

Voice with cognate object

Rule -6: বকেু intransitive verb এরদর িমর্তক object বন্রয় transitive verb বহরিরি ি্িহৃি
হয় । এরদর ধ্ররন্র object বক cognate object িরল।
Structure: objects বি subject + tense অন্ু যযয়ী auxiliary verb + মূ ল verb এর past
participle + by + subject বি object হয়। বযমন্:
Active : He ran a race.
Passive: A race was run by him.

Voice with Factitive object

Rule 7: Factitive object এর passive voice: Factitive object (complement)
passive -এর sub বহরিরি ি্িহযর হয় ন্য। এ বেরে মূ ল objectবি sub বহরিরি ি্িহযর হয়।
Active : We made him captain. (এখযরন্ captain শব্দবি Factitive object)
Passive : He was made captain by us.
Active : They called him a liar.
Passive : He was called a liar by them.

Voice with complex sentence

Rule 8: Complex Sentence -এর Passive voice: Complex Sentence এর বেরে উেয়
clause এর voice পবরিিতন্ কররি হয়।
Active : He told me that he had done the work.
Passive : I was told that the work had been done by him.
[Note: অরন্ক িময় শুধ্ূ Principal clause এর passive voice হয়। বি বেরে dependent
clause বি object বহরিরি বিরিচন্য করয হয় এিাং passive voice করযর বেরে sub বহরিরি ি্িহযর
হয়]
Active : I know that he is an honest man.
Passive : That he is an honest man is known to me.

Voice with Reflexive object

Rule 9: Reflexive object এর passive voice: এ বেরে subject এ পবরিিতন্ হরি ন্য। Active
voice এ sub -ই passive-এ sub বহরিরি ি্িহযর হরি। এ বেরে structure বি হরি বন্ম্ন রূপ :
sub + aux + v3 + by + reflexive object.
Active : She killed herself.
Passive : She was killed by herself.
 imperative sentence voice change

1. Do not laugh at the lame man. The passive form of this sentence is
a) let not the lame man be laughed at.
b) you should not laugh at the lame man
c) the lame man not be laughed at
d) the lame man is not laughed at
ans: a
2. Please don’t disturb me.’ Select the correct passive form of the
sentence:
a) I should not be disturbed b) let not I disturbed
c) I might not be disturbed d) I may not please be disturbed
ans: no answer available
3. Choose the correct passive form of, “don’t make a mistake about me.”
a) let a mistake be not made about me b) a mistake is not made about me
c) I should not be made a mistake d) let not a mistake be made about me
ans: d
4. Take care of your health. (Make it passive)
a) let the health be taken care of. b) let your health be taken care of.
c) your health should be taken care of. d) let us care of your health
ans: b
5. The passive form of the sentence.’ Do the task as directed’ is --
a) let the task be done as directed b) let the task to be done as directed
c) let the task is done as directed d) do the task as to be directed
ans: a
6. Let him tell to go ‘active voice is --
a) go b) tell him to go c) let you go d) you go
ans: b
7. Change the voice: please keep quiet’
a) you are requested to keep quiet b) you are requested for keep quiet
c) you are asked to keep quiet d) you are told to keep quiet
ans: a
8. Do away with it’ sentence passive form --
a) let it be done away with b) let it has done away with it
c) let it is to be done away with d) let it has to do away with
ans: a
9. Do it at once. passive voice --
a) let it be done at once b) let it has done away with
c) let it is to be done away with d) let it has to do away with
ans: a
10. Shut the door’ the passive form of the sentence would be--
a) the door is no be shut b) let the door be shut
c) the door may be shut d) let poor not be hate
ans: b
11. Help the poor’ sentence passive form --
a) let the poor be helped b) let the poor is helped
c) let the poor are helped d) let help the poor
ans: a
12. Help the poor. Sentence passive form --
a) let the poor be helped b) let the poor not be hated
c) let not the poor hate d) let help the poor
ans: a
13. Do not open the door.’ Passive form--
a) let not the door open b) let not the door be opened
c) let not the poor be open d) let not the door opened
ans: b

14. The passive structure of the sentence. ‘Never waste time’ is --

a) let not time be wasted b) you should not waste time
c) let not time be ever wasted d) let not time never wasted
ans: c
Interrogative sentence voice change
15. Am I wanted by you? Sentence active voice --
a) are you wanted me? b) did you want me?
c) does you want me? d) do you want me?
ans: d
16. Did you eat the apple? passive form -
a) do the apple eaten by you? b) was the apple eaten by you?
c) was the apple eat by you? d) was the apple ate by you?
ans: b
17. Do you know him’ – change the in-sentence voice --
a) is he known by you? b) is he known to you?
c) is he knew by you? d) was he known by you?
ans: b
18. Do you see the flower? Identify the correct passive form of the
above sentence.
a) Is the flower was seen by you? b) Is the flower being seen by you?
c) has the flower seen by you? d) is the flower seen by you?
ans: d
19. Does he speak English well? The sentence is correct passive form-
a) Is English spoke well by him? b) is English spoken well to him?
c) is English spoken well by him? d) was English spoke well by him?
ans: c
20. Change the sentence into active: Why was he punished by the
teacher?
a) why the teacher punished him? b) by whom was he punished?
c) why did the teacher punish him? d) who punished him?
ans: c
 20. Identify the correct passive form of the sentence below: do you
know them?.
a) are they known by you? b) would they be known by you?
c) are they known with you? d) are they known to you?
ans: d
21. Find out the active form of the sentence: by whom can our country
be saved?
a) who can save our country? b) our country has been saved by who?
c) who save our country? d) who will save our country?
ans: a
22. The correct passive voice of the sentence. ‘Who can avoid death? Is -
a) by whom death can be avoided? b) whom can death be avoided?
c) by whom can death be avoided? d) who can be avoided by death?
ans: c
23. Change into passive, whom do you want?”
a) by whom you are wanted? b) by whom are you wanted?
c) whom is wanted by you? d) who is wanted by you?
ans: d
24. Who planted this tree here”? the correct passive voice of this
sentence is --
a) by whom the tree was planted here?
b) who the tree had been planted hereby?
c) the tree was planted here by whom?
d) by whom had the tree been planted here?
ans: no answer
25. Change the voice: who is calling me’?
a) by whom am I called? b) by whom I am called?
c) by whom am I being called? d) whom am I called by?
ans: c
26. Passive voice of ‘whom were you calling’? is --
a) who are you called? b) who were you being called?
c) who was being called by you? d) who called by you?
ans: c
27. Change the voice: who is creating this mess?
a) who has been created this mess?
b) by whom has this mess been created?
c) by whom this mess is being created?
d) by whom is this mess being created?
ans: d
28. The correct passive form of the sentence ‘Who opened the door?’
is --
a) by whom let the door was opened?b) by whom was the door opened?
c) who had the door opened? d) by whom the door was opened?
ans: b
29. The passive form of “who has done the work?” is --
a) by whom has the work been done? b) Who has been done the work?
c) by whom has been done the work? d) whom has done the work by?
ans: a
30. Identify the passive form of the following sentence ‘who has
broken this jug?’
a) by whom has this jug been broken? b) by whom has this jug broken?
c) by whom this jug has been broken? d) whom has this jug been broken?
ans: a
31. What is the passive voice of ‘who did this?”
a) by whom was this done? b) who has done this?
c) by whom this has been done? d) whom did this?
ans: a
32. Which one is correct form of ‘who gave you this pen?
a) by whom have you been given this pen?
b) by whom were you got this pen?
c) by whom were you given this pen?
d) by whom was you give this pen?
ans: c
33. Who called you a liar? Sentence passive voice -
a) by whom are you called a liar? b) by whom were you called a liar?
c) by whom you called a liar? d) by whom was you called a liar?
ans: b
34. Who can do it’ the passive voice is --
a) by whom it can be done b) by whom can it be do
c) by whom can it be done d) by whom can it be did.
ans: c
35. Who gave you this pen? Sentence passive form --
a) by whom were you got this pen? b) by whom were you given this pen?
c) by whom was you given this pen?d) by whom have you given this pen?
ans: b
36. Who is doing the work? Sentence passive form --
a) by whom is the work being done? b) by whom is the work done?
c) by whom was the work being done? d) by whom is the work has done?
ans: a
37. Find out the correct passive form of the sentence ‘who taught you
French’?
a) by whom were you taught English?
b) by whom had you been taught English?
c) by whom had you taught English?
d) by whom was you taught English?
ans: a
38. Which one the correct passive voice in the following sentence?
who taught her grammar?
a) by whom she was taught grammar?
b) by whom was she taught grammar?
c) she was taught grammar by who?
d) who was she taught grammar by?
ans: b
39. Which one the correct passive form of ‘who will do the work?
a) who will done the work? b) by whom will the work be done?
c) who will be done the work? d) whom will the work be done?
ans: b
40. Who will help you? Change the in-sentence voice is --
a) by whom will you be helped? b) by whom you will be helped?
c) by whom would you be helped? d) by whom you world be helped?
ans: a
41. Who will – by you?
a) have been helped b) is helping
c) be helped d) is helped
ans: a,c
42. Whom do you want? – the correct passive form of this sentence
will be--
a) whom is wanted by you? b) who is wanted by you?
c) by whom are you wanted? d) by whom you are wanted?
ans: b
43. Choose the correct form (passive) of – ‘who will do the work?
a) who will be done the work? b) who will done the work?
c) by whom will the work be done? d) whom will the work be done?
ans: c
45. correct passive form of the sentence ‘I saw him fall from the tree’ is -
a) he was seen by me to fall from the tree
b) the tree was seen to fall by me.
c) he was seen to fall from the tree by me.
d) he was seen failing from the tree by me.
ans: c
44. What is the correct passive form of; I saw him go to the garden’?
a) he was seen go to the garden b) he was seen to go the garden
c) he was been seen to go to the garden d) he went to garden was seen
ans: b
45. Find the correct passive voice of the sentence, ‘Roses smell sweet.’
a) roses are sweet smelling which someone smells.
b) roses are sweet when it is smelt
c) roses are sweet when we smell
d) roses are smelling sweet
ans: b
46. He died of fever’, sentence passive form is --
a) fever caused him to death b) his death was caused with fever
c) fever caused him to die d) he was caused to die of fever
ans: d
47. People always remember patriots. Which of the following is best
passive from of the above sentence?
a) the patriots wall always be remembered by people
b) the patriots are always being remembered
c) people are always remembered by the patriots
d) the patriots are always remembered
ans: d
48. The house is building. The passive form is --
a) a house is being built by us b) the masons are building the house
c) it is the house which is being built d) the house is being built
ans: d
49. The pill tastes bitter’ sentence passive form is --
a) the pill was bitter when it was tasted
b) the pill was bitter when it tasted
c) the pill is bitter when it tastes
d) the pill is bitter when it is tasted
ans: d
50. Change the voice of the sentence: she never understood me.
Whenever I said something.
a) whenever I said something, I never understood by her.
b) whenever I said something, I had understood by her.
c) when ever I said something, I was being never understood by her.
d) when ever I said something, I was never understood by her.
ans: d

The END