STUDENTS’ ASSIGNMENT OF ACADEMIC YEAR 2024/2025

FORM FOUR (4)

SUBJECT: HISTORY
HARGEISA MAIN BRANCH
SHIFT: MORNING
ANSWER SHEET FOR INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT (1)

Part One: Multiple choice questions

1. One of the causes of the World War I was the nations had aligned into two
alliance systems. Which of the following combination of nations comprised the
TRIPLE ENTENTE?

A. France, Great Britain and USA.

B. Germany, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Empire
C. Great Britain, France and Russia
D. Bulgaria, Italy and Austria-Hungary

2. Which of the following causes had NO relation to the outbreak of the First World
War?
A. The two alliances among the major powers prior to the start of the war.
B. The naval race between Germany and Britain leading up to the war.
C. The rise of nationalism in Eastern Europe before the First World War.
D. The rise of Russian revolutions (Bolsheviks) against the Tsar.
3. The main reason behind the Bosnian crisis of 1912 was the
A. Decline of the Ottoman Empire
B. Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina by Austria
C. Hostile relations between Germany and Russia
D. Serbian nationalist demand to unite all Slavic people

4. What was the main and immediate reason for the outbreak of the First World
War?
A. The murder of former President John F. Kennedy in Dallas, United States of
America
B. The assassination of Austria-Hungary’s heir in Sarajevo
C. The Balkan wars
D. The formation of two military alliances in Europe before the First World War

5. What was not a likely driving factor for Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s assassins in
Sarajevo in 1914?
A. A desire to free Bosnia from Austrian rule.
B. Anger over Austria’s formal annexation of Bosnia
C. Aspirations of unified the Slavic people in Eastern Europe
D. Anger over Serbia being part of Yugoslavia.

6. After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo on 28th June,

1914, Austria sent and ultimatum to Serbia. Which of the following was NOT
among their three main demands?
A. An acceptable response over the murder
B. Serbia should stop all its attempts to unite all the Slav people
C. To end all the anti-Austrian activities in Serbia
D. Austrian police should enter Serbia to investigate the murder.

7. In 1914 Germany was the leading power in Europe both in terms of military and
economic power. The second most powerful country in Europe was
A. France C. Russia
B. USA D. Britain

8. These events are key events in the ‘slide to war’ in 1914. Which came the first?
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 A. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
B. Germany attacked France through Belgium (to implement her Schlieffen Plan)
C. Russia mobilized her army.
D. Germany declares war on Russia.

9. What was the purpose of the Schlieffen Plan (Germany’s military strategy)?
A. To bomb enemy trenches before attacking
B. To attack France then Russia
C. To attack Russia then France
D. To invade Belgium and then Britain

10.Battle strategy in which Germany troops and allied powers fought from deep
ditches dug in the earth in Western front was
A. Schlieffen plan C. Battle of Marne
B. Alliance system D. Trench Warfare

11.During the First World War, Russia was badly defeated by the Austro-German
forces in the eastern front. Which one of among the following factors was NOT
part of their defeat?
A. Russian troops were badly trained and poorly equipped.
B. Russians were fought two war fronts
C. The Russian revolution of 1917
D. More than 2 million Russian soldiers were killed in the war so they got
demoralized.

12.During the World War I, the Allied powers used their natives in three aims, which
of the following does not match the aims/purposes?
A. To block the military movement of the central power
B. To prevent goods from entering or leaving the central powers
C. To keep trade routes between Europe and the rest of the world
D. To transport British troops to the continent of Europe.

13. Which historic event made in 1917 the decisive year for the ending of the WWI?
A. The Germany invaded USA in 1917 after Russian badly defeated by central
powers.
B. Russians withdrawal from the war after the great Russian revolution

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 C. The declaration of war by the USA against the central powers
D. None of the above

14.Which new nations were created in Eastern Europe after the First World War?
A. Czechoslovakia, Belgium and Poland
B. Poland, Switzerland and Hungary
C. Latvia, Estonia and Ireland
D. Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and USSR

15.Which of the following does NOT include Woodrow Wilson’s fourteen points?
A. Abolition of secret diplomacy
B. Soil and environment
C. Free navigation of all seas
D. Evacuation of Russian territory from Germany troops

16.Who made the decisions regarding the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
A. Britain, France and USA
B. The Germans and allies
C. The Swedish, and they were neutral
D. None of the above.

17.According to the treaty of Versailles, what country was expected to pay for the
damages of war?
A. Austria-Hungary
B. Russia
C. Germany
D. France

18.Under the terms of the Versailles treaty Germany lost her African colonies, these
colonies acquired new status as
A. Independent states
B. New colonies for the allies
C. Mandates supervised by the League of Nations
D. None of the above

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19.Which nation was dealt with the treaty of Trianon held in 1920?
A. Hungary C. Bulgaria
B. Austria D. Turkey

20.Who was the first secular leader to proclaim the end of the Ottoman dynasty and
the birth of the Turkish republic in 1923?
A. Jamal Abdul Nasser
B. Mustafa Kamal Ata-Turk
C. Rajeb Tayeb Urdugan
D. Suleiman the magnificent

21.Who developed the idea for the League of Nations?

A. Prime minister David Lloyd George
B. Premiere George Clemenceau
C. President Woodrow Wilson
D. Vittorio Orlando

22.Where was headquarter of the League of Nations?

A. New York, USA
B. Geneva, Switzerland
C. Versailles, France
D. London, Britain

23.Where were the four permanent member states in the League of Nations?
A. China, Russia, Britain, and USA
B. USA, USSR, Yugoslavia and Austria
C. France, Japan, Belgium and Poland
D. Britain, France, Italy and Japan

24. At the end of the First World War, international court of justice was established
at Hague in Netherlands. Its mandate was to
A. Re-drew the boundaries of Europe
B. Revive European economy
C. Settle disputes between states
D. Promote the welfare of the workers

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Part Two: Structured questions
1. State any six causes that led to the outbreak of the First World War.

✓ The Alliance System

✓ The Colonial rivalry
✓ The Economic rivalry
✓ The naval race between Britain and Germany
✓ The rise of nationalism in Europe
✓ The Moroccan crisis (1905-06)
✓ The Bosnian Crisis (1908)
✓ Crisis in the Balkans (1912-13
✓ The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (The immediate cause)

2. What was the immediate cause of the First World War?

✓ The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. What were the two opposing alliances in the First World War? And list countries
each included.

✓ The Allied Powers (which consisted of Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania,
Serbia, Belgium, USA and Japan)
✓ The central Powers (which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman
Empire and Bulgaria)

4. During the First World War, why did Italy withdraw from the Central powers and
join the opposing side in 1915?

✓ The major reason: The Triple alliance was a defensive pact and Italy saw
Austria-Hungary as the aggressor that started the WWI by declaring war on
Serbia and launching an offensive war, thus Italy was not obligated to enter the
war.

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5. Identify any four reasons why Russia was defeated in the First World War.

✓ They were badly trained and poorly equipped.

✓ More than two million soldiers were killed
✓ The suffered shortage of raw materials
✓ The Russian revolution

6. Give two reasons why U.S.A entered the First World War.

✓ The Lusitania crisis

✓ The British intercept the Zimmerman Telegram in which Germany tries to
convince Mexico to join the war.

7. Write any two of each of the followings;

A. Political results of the WWI
✓ The Habsburg Empire (Austria-Hungary) collapsed.
✓ USA became a super power!

B. Economic results of the WWI

✓ The allies spent Billions of pounds.
✓ Destruction of Europe’s economic resources and infrastructure
C. Social results of the war WWI
✓ Loss of lives: millions of soldiers died in the battlefield.
✓ Millions of people were displaced from their homes.

8. After the end of the First World War, President Woodrow Wilson outlined
fourteen points/aims/principles in 1918, identify six of these aims.

✓ No secret treaties
✓ Free navigation at sea for all nations in war and peace.
✓ Free trade between countries
✓ Self-determination for non Turkish people in Ottoma Empire
✓ Poland to be independent with the access to the sea
✓ A general association of nations to preserve peace

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9. Identify any three reasons showing why the central powers lost on the First World
War.

✓ The German plan (Schlieffen) failed and Germany had to face the war into two
fronts.
✓ Allied sea power brought blockade to Germany and its allies.
✓ The Entry of US into the war brought vast new resources.

10. At Versailles peace conference in 1919, last peace solution seemed difficult to
differing view of the victorious powers. Give three reasons showing this.

✓ France wanted a harsh peace to ruin Germany

✓ Britain willing to a less severe settlement enabling Germany to recover quickly to
become a major customer for the British goods.
✓ USA was in favor of tolerant and humane peace although they were unhappy
when Germany ignored wilson’s 14 points.

11. State six articles/terms of the treaty of Versailles.

✓ German has to lose her territories in Europe and overseas.

✓ The return of Alsace-Lorraine to France.
✓ A ban on an alliance between Germany and Austria.
✓ An acceptance of Germany’s guilt in causing the war.
✓ Demilitarization of the Rhineland.
✓ Germany has to pay 6.6 billion pounds as reparations for the damage done to the
allied during the war.
✓ The foundation of League of Nations.

12. State any three results of the treaty of Versailles.

✓ Germany had to lost territory in Europe.

✓ Germany was deprived of her colonies in Africa.
✓ Reparations were the final humiliation to Germany.

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13. The League of Nations was a general association formed in 1919 after the First
World War. State three objectives/ aims of the League of Nations.

✓ To main peace of the world through collective security.

✓ To encourage international cooperation in order to solve economic and social
problems.
✓ To gradually work toward disarmament and discourage production of weapons.

14. Identify the organizational structure of the League of Nations and functions of
each organ.

a) The Assembly— to decide general world policy. Each country had one vote.
b) The council—to improve the security of the world.
c) The secretariat— formed to look after all the paperwork, for preparing agendas
and writing of solutions and reports.
d) The permanent Court of International Justice—it had deal with disputes
between states.
e) Specialized Agencies—formed for dealing with specific problems in the world,
e.g. mandates, military affairs, minority groups and disarmaments. Other
agencies dealt with problems such as refugees, labor, health, drugs, slavery etc.

15. Identify and describe three achievements of the League of Nations.

✓ It formed the International Labor Organization (ILO).

✓ It also formed the refugee organization
✓ It formed the Health Organization and this organization worked to combat the
spread of serious diseases.
✓ It supported the reduction of trade in dangerous drugs and disarmament.

16. Describe any five challenges that caused the failure of the League of Nations to
preserve world peace.
✓ The results of Versailles Treaty.
✓ Other important powers like USA, Germany and USSR
✓ It was very much a French-British affair
✓ The world economic crisis which began in 1929
✓ The Japanese invasion of MANCHURIA in 1931