FPY401: Plantation Crop Production
Technique - Fill in the Gap Exam Bank
1. A ________ is used for digging, turning over soil, and constructing raised beds. (Spade)
2. The ________ is used in place of a hand trowel for lifting and transplanting seedlings. (Hand
fork)
3. ________ are scissors-like tools used for pruning small branches and leaves. (Secateurs)
4. A ________ pump is used to apply chemicals and fertilizers using different nozzles.
(Spraying)
5. ________ baskets were replaced by polybags because they became too expensive. (Cane)
6. ________ topsoil is preferred in nursery beds for raising seedlings. (Fertile)
7. When topsoil lacks nutrients, ________ or ________ may be added to improve fertility.
(Fertilizer, farmyard manure)
8. ________ and fungicides are used to protect seedlings from pests and diseases.
(Insecticides)
9. The major digging equipment used in tree crop transplanting is the ________. (Hoe)
10. Lining up equipment such as ________ levels are used on sloping lands. (Dumpy)
11. ________ materials like dry grasses are used around seedlings to retain soil moisture.
(Mulching)
12. Field equipment such as ________ and ________ are still used despite mechanization.
(Machete, shovel)
13. ________, pruning knives, and weeding hoes are indispensable for crop maintenance.
(Cutlasses)
14. ________ chemicals like herbicides, fertilizers, and insecticides aid field maintenance.
(Agrochemical)
15. Tree crops require ________ regulators for controlled growth during early stages.
(Growth)
16. Most tree crops in West Africa are cultivated at ________ altitude. (Low)
17. The only tree crop that thrives at 700m altitude is ________. (Coffee Arabica)
18. Levelled land is best suited for tree crops because it reduces ________ control cost.
(Erosion)
19. Most tree crops prefer a well-________ soil condition. (Drained)
20. ________ fruit and ________ fruit thrive in waterlogged soils. (Jam, bread)
21. The ________ wind is most harmful to tree crops in dry seasons. (Harmattan)
22. Tree crops grow best between temperatures of ________ and ________. (25°C, 29°C)
23. Crops like date palm and guava thrive in areas with less than ________ rainfall. (1000mm)
24. ________ and ________ supply are vital for selecting planting sites. (Soil, labour)
25. In the 1930s, ________ replaced mixed food farms for tree crop plantations.
(Monocropping)
26. In ________ felling, all trees are cleared while preserving topsoil with fallen leaves. (Clear)
27. Leguminous crops like ________ and ________ are planted to control erosion. (Centrosema
pubescens, Calopogonium mucunoides)
28. Tree crops like cocoa and kola require ________ thinning during land preparation.
(Selective)
29. Bush fallow involves clearing and cutting ________ at selected spacings. (Traces)
30. Planting holes are usually dug with dimensions of ________. (60 x 60 x 60 cm)
31. Blocking involves dividing the plantation into blocks of ________ to ________ hectares. (5,
10)
32. For closely spaced crops, block sizes of ________ hectares are used. (5)
33. The tools used to locate planting sites include ________, measuring tapes, and pegs.
(Ranging poles)
34. Lining out follows ________ and precedes digging of planting holes. (Land clearing)
35. Transplanting is best done early in the ________ to reduce seedling shock. (Morning)
36. A ________-man team is required for efficient transplanting. (Two)
37. Planting holes should be half-filled with ________ soil mixed with compost. (Top)
38. The first operator holding the seedling upright should ensure proper ________.
(Positioning)
39. The ball of earth should be ________ in the planting hole. (Replaced)
40. Transplanting is correct when the soil level matches the original ________ mark. (Soil)
41. A well-set seedling should not be dislodged when ________ are pulled. (Leaves)
42. Tree crop productivity is greatly affected by ________. (Spacing)
43. Cocoa is spaced at ________. (3.1 x 3.1 m)
44. Cashew is spaced at ________. (7 x 7 m)
45. Coconut is spaced at ________. (8.1 x 8.1 m)
46. Post-planting maintenance involves activities such as ________, pruning, and irrigation.
(Weeding)
47. Maintenance reduces the incidence of ________ and ________ infestations. (Disease, pest)
48. Diseased plants must be ________ immediately when spotted. (Removed)
49. Mulching should be done at the ________ of the rainy season. (End)
50. ________ grasses are the most recommended mulching materials. (Dry)
51. Row weeding should be done ________ times a year. (Three)
52. Avenues should be slashed ________ to ________ times per year. (Four, six)
53. Trees should be pruned regularly to maintain a good ________. (Shape)
54. Heavy pruning is best done in ________ when rains are heavy. (May–June)
55. Tools for pruning include secateurs, ________, and pruning saw. (Sharp cutlass)
56. Mulching material should be ________ cm thick and cover about ________ cm around the
plant. (15, 15–25)
57. Mulch helps preserve soil ________ and suppresses weed growth. (Moisture)
58. Shade trees must be easy to establish and must compete ________ with the main crop.
(Minimally)
59. Pruning removes unwanted growth and maintains plant ________. (Shape)
60. Cover crops like ________ are planted to suppress weed growth and improve soil fertility.
(Centrosema pubescens)
