SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR
NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY (NEP-2020)
SYLLABUS WITH EFFECT FROM AUGUST 2022
B. Sc. Part – I
SUBJECT: GEOLOGY
Semester – I (Duration: 06 Months - 24 Weeks)
DSC – A Theory Course
Teaching: 60 hrs. (75 lectures of 48 minutes)
Title of the Paper: PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
DSC 21A: PHYSICAL GEOLOGY Marks-50 (Credits: 02)
Unit I: (15 Hours) (18-19 Lectures)
Introduction to Geology and its scope, Earth and Solar system: origin, size, shape, mass,
density and its atmosphere (3 Hours approx.)
Origin of Earth: Laplace and Kant Nebular Hypothesis; Buffon, Chamberlain and Moulton
Planetesimal Theory, Jean and Jeffery’s Tidal Theory (3 Hours approx.)
Age of Earth: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Radioactive methods (4 Hours approx.)
Interior of the Earth: Use of seismic waves in understanding the internal structure of the
Earth- Inner Core, Transition zone, Outer Core, Mantle, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere,
Lithosphere- Sial and Sima(Crust) and main Discontinuities (5 Hours approx.)
Unit II: 15 Hours (18-19 Lectures)
Weathering: Definition, Types, Agents and controlling factors (3 Hours approx.)
Earthquake: Seismology- Definition, Focus, Epicenter, Seismic waves, Isoseismal lines
Measurement of earthquakes –Seismographs and Seismograms, Intensity and Magnitude,
Earthquake scales: Mercalli Scale and Richter Scale
Causes of Earthquake – Natural and Manmade (7 Hours approx.)
Volcano: Types, Products and Causes of Volcanism (5 Hours approx.)
DSC 22A: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY Marks-50 (Credits: 02)
Unit I: (15 Hours) (18-19 Lectures)
Introduction to Structural Geology, Elementary idea of Bed, Dip and Strike, contours,
Outcrops, effects of various structures on outcrop; (4 Hours approx.)
Topographic and Geological maps; (4 Hours approx.)
Clinometer, Brunton Compass and their use; (2 Hours approx.)
Folds: Parts of Folds,Types of Folds (5 Hours approx.)
Unit II: (15 Hours) (18-19 Lectures)
Faults: Parts of Fault; Geometric and Genetic Classification of Faults (5 Hours approx.)
Joints: Definition; Types of Joints; Significance of Joints (5 Hours approx.)
Unconformity: Definition, Types of Unconformities; Significance of
Unconformities (5 Hours approx.)
DSC – A LAB COURSE:
Teaching: 15 Practical turns - each of 3.2 hours (4 Lectures of 48 Minutes)
Marks - 50 (Credits: 02)
PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
Marks - 50 (Credits: 02)
Section I
Physical Geology: (15 Practical classes of 2 hours duration totaling to 30 hours or
equivalent)
1. Study of important and common geomorphological models
2. Reading of Toposheets
3. Identification of geomorphological features – natural and manmade
Section II
Structural Geology: (15 Practical classes of 2 hours duration totaling to 30 hours or
equivalent)
1. Study of Clinometer / Brunton Compass
2. Identification of folds from block models
3. Identification of faults from block models
4. Preparation of cross-section profile from geological maps –
Horizontal/Inclined beds.
Recommended Books
1. Arthur Holmes, 1992. Principles of Physical Geology. Chapman and Hall, London.
2. Miller, 1949. An Introduction to Physical Geology. East West Press Ltd.
3. Spencer, E.V., 1962. Basic concepts of Physical Geology. Oxford & IBH.
4. Mahapatra, G.B., 1994. A text book of Physical geology. CBS Publishers.
5. Billings, M.P., 1972. Structural Geology. Prentice Hall.
6. Davis, G.R., 1984. Structural Geology of Rocks and Region. John Wiley
7. Hills, E.S., 1963. Elements of Structural Geology. Farrold and Sons, London.
8. Singh, R. P., 1995. Structural Geology, A Practical Approach. Ganga Kaveri Publ.,
Varanasi
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B. Sc. Part – I
SUBJECT: GEOLOGY
Semester – II (Duration: 06 Months - 24 Weeks)
DSC – B Theory Course
Teaching: 60 hrs. (75 lectures of 48 minutes)
Title of the Paper: MINERALOGY AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
DSC 21B: MINERALOGY Marks-50 (Credits: 02)
Unit I: (15 Hours)
Definition of Mineral, Chemical Bonding in minerals - (2 Hours)
Description Physical Properties of minerals - Form, Colour, Transparency, Streak, Lustre,
Cleavage, Fracture, Hardness and Specific Gravity - (3 Hours)
Study of following mineral Groups (Chemical composition, Crystal system, and Physical
properties): Silica Group, Feldspar Group, Pyroxene Group, Amphibole Group, Mica Group,
Garnet Group, Olivine Group, Zeolites, Aluminosilicates, Carbonates -(10 Hours)
Unit II: (15 Hours)
Ordinary and Polarized Light, Polarizing Microscope – Parts and functioning – (3 Hours)
Optical properties of minerals in Plane Polarized Light (IPL) –Colour, Pleochroism, Form,
Relief, Cleavage, Fracture etc – (3 Hours)
Optical properties between crossed nicols (BCN) –Isotropism / Anisotropism, Extinction,
Extinction angle, Interference Colours / Polarization colours – (3 Hours)
Study of optical properties of common rock forming mineral –Silica Group, Feldspar Group,
Pyroxene Group, Amphibole Group, Mica Group, Garnet Group, Olivine Group, Zeolites,
Aluminosilicates, Carbonates – (6 Hours)
DSC 22B: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY Marks-50 (Credits: 02)
Unit I: (15 Hours)
Definition of crystal, Crystal Elements: Faces, Edges, Solid angles, Forms (open and closed),
Zones - (3 Hours)
Interfacial angle: Law of constancy of Interfacial angle, Contact Goniometer - (2 Hours)
Crystallographic axes and angles - (2 Hours)
Parameters and Indices, Law of Rational Indices - (3 Hours)
Classification of crystal systems 6/7 systems and 32 classes – (2 Hours)
Elements of Symmetry - (3 Hours)
Unit II: (15 Hours)
Description of Normal class of – Isometric, Tetragonal, Hexagonal,
Orthorhombic, Monoclinic and Triclinic system (12 Hours)
Characteristics of minerals belonging to each crystal system. (3 Hours)
DSC – B LAB COURSE
Teaching: 15 Practical turns - each of 3.2 hours (4 Lectures of 48 Minutes)
Marks - 50 (Credits: 02)
MINERALOGY AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
Marks - 50 (Credits: 02)
Section I
Mineralogy: (15 Practical classes of 2 hours duration totaling to 30 hours or
equivalent)
1. Study of physical properties of minerals - Silica Group, Feldspar Group, Pyroxene
Group, Amphibole Group, Mica Group, Garnet Group, Olivine Group, Zeolites,
Aluminosilicates, Carbonates
2. Study and use of Polarizing Microscope
3. Study of Optical properties of common rock forming minerals – Silica Group,
Feldspar Group, Pyroxene Group, Amphibole Group, Mica Group, Garnet Group,
Olivine Group, Zeolites, Aluminosilicates, Carbonates
Section II
Crystallography: (15 Practical classes of 2 hours duration totaling to 30 hours or
equivalent)
Study of Normal class of Isometric, Tetragonal, Hexagonal, Orthorhombic,
Monoclinic and Triclinic systems covering crystallographic axes, elements of
symmetry, type mineral, holding position and forms with faces and indices.
Geological Field Training
Geological Field Training is compulsory for students.
Department should arrange one-day field tours in areas of Geological interest.
Students should submit Geological study tour report compulsorily during the
Practical examination.
Recommended Books
1. Dana, E.S. and Ford, W.E., 2002. A textbook of Mineralogy (Reprints).
2. Flint, Y., 1975. Essential of crystallography, Mir Publishers.
3. Phillips, F.C., 1963. An introduction to crystallography. Wiley, New York.
4. Berry, L.G., Mason, B. and Dietrich, R.V., 1982. Mineralogy. CBS Publ.
5. Nesse, D.W., 1986. Optical Mineralogy. McGraw Hill.
6. Read, H.H., 1968. Rutley’s Element of Mineralogy (Rev. Ed.). Thomas Murby and Co.
7. Berry and Mason, 1961. Mineralogy. W.H. Freeman & Co.
8. Kerr, B.F., 1995. Optical Mineralogy 5th Ed. Mc Graw Hill, New York.
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Scheme of Practical Examination for B. Sc. Part –I
1. Practical examination will be conducted annually.
2. Practical examination will be conducted for one day per batch.
3. The examination will be conducted in two sessions per day and each session will be of
three hours duration.
4. At least eighty percent practical should be completed by the student.
5. Marks: 50. Minimum for passing: 35%.
Nature of Question Paper
Theory: Time -2 hours, Marks-50 Credits-2
Question 1: Select the correct alternative (Compulsory 10 questions) 10 marks
(Four alternatives for each question)
Question 2: (Attempt any Two out of three) 20 marks
(Long answer type)
Question 3: (Attempt any four out of six) 20 marks
(Short answer type)
Note: Equal weightage should be given to each unit.
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