Defence

NDA (II) Shaurya 2.0, 2025

Biology
Reproduction DPP 01

Q1 Arrange the following in correct order of the (A) Chromosome number increases but DNA
pathway of the semen transport : content remains constant
(B) Both chromosome number and DNA
1. Epididymis
content remains constant

2. Testes (C) Chromosome number decreases but DNA

content remains constant
3. Vas Deferens (D) Both chromosome number and DNA
content decreases
4. Urethra
Q6 One advantage of sexual reproduction over
5. Urogenital Opening
asexual reproduction is that it helps species to
6. Penis survive over long evolutionary time. This is
because sexual reproduction produces :
(A) 2 >1 >3 > 6 > 4 > 5 (A) more offspring in each reproductive cycle.
(B) 2 > 3 > 1 > 4 >6 > 5 (B) robust and healthy offspring.
(C) 2 > 1 > 3 > 4 > 6 > 5 (C) genetically similar offspring.
(D) 2 > 1 > 4 > 3 >6 > 5 (D) more variation in offspring.

Q2 Sperm + egg = zygote (in lab ) Q7 Anemophily is pollination by which one of the
What is the name of the given process ? following given below?
(A) In vivo fertilization. (A) Animals (B) Air
(B) In vivo implantation. (C) Bees (D) Birds
(C) In vitro fertilization.
(D) In vitro insemination. Q8 Which of the following statements accurately
describes the male and female parts of plants?
Q3 At which part of the oviduct fertilization 1. The pistil is the female reproductive organ
occurs? of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and
(A) Infundibulum (B) Ampulla ovary.
(C) Isthmus (D) Fimbriae 2. The anther is the male reproductive
structure of a flower, responsible for
Q4 Which of the following is the primary sex organ
producing ovules.
in males?
Select the correct answer using the codes
(A) Ovaries (B) Scrotum
given below:
(C) Kidney (D) Testes
(A) 1 only
Q5 In a sexually reproducing organism, which one (B) 2 only
of the following statements is appropriate (C) Both 1 and 2
both for the parent and offspring? (D) Neither 1 nor 2

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Q9 What is the male reproductive organ in (D) Androecium is the female reproductive
flowering plants called? part of the flower.
(A) Gynoecium (B) Androecium
Q15 Which of the following cause(s) variation in the
(C) Corolla (D) Calyx
genetic material of progeny?
Q10 In which part of the flower do the pollen grains 1. Sexual reproduction
germinate? 2. Asexual reproduction
(A) Ovary (B) Stigma 3. Mutationśs
(C) Anther (D) Style 4. Epigenetic changes
Select the correct answer using the code given
Q11 Fusion of sperms of males and the female egg
below.
is termed as:
(A) 2 only (B) 1,2 and 3
(A) Gestation (B) Fertilization
(C) 1,3 and 4 (D) 1 and 3 only
(C) Insemination (D) Parturition
Q16 After fertilization, the ovule and subsequently
Q12 Assertion (A) : Placenta is the intimate
develop to form
connection between mother and the foetus .
(A) seed and fruit respectively
Reason ( R) : Placenta helps in the and (B) fruit and seed respectively
exchange . (C) seed and flower respectively
(A) Only assertion is true (D) degenerated ovule and seedless fruit
(B) Only reason is true respectively
(C) Both the assertion and reason are true and
reason explains the assertion . Q17 Where are pollen grains produced in a
(D) Both assertion and reason are true and flowering plant?
reason does not explain the assertion. (A) Stigma (B) Style
(C) Filament (D) Anther
Q13 Buds produced in the notches along the leaf
margin of Bryophyllum fall on soil and develop Q18 which of the following is the common passage
into new plants. This is an example of which for sperm and urine?
one of the following types of reproduction? (A) Ureters (B) Epididymis
(A) Vegetative propagation (C) Urethra (D) Cervix
(B) Budding
Q19 Transfer of sperms by males to the female
(C) Spore formation
reproductive tract is termed as:
(D) Regeneration
(A) Gestation (B) Fertilization
Q14 Which of the following statements about the (C) Insemination (D) Parturition
flower is incorrect ?
Q20 Each ejaculation releases _ sperms :
(A) Sepal is a green coloured part which
(A) 50,000-10,000
protects the flower in the bud stage .
(B) 2-3 million
(B) Petal is a colored whorl to attract the
(C) 25- 40 thousand sperms
pollinators.
(D) 200-300 million
(C) Gynoecium forms the egg.

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Answer Key
Q1 C Q11 B

Q2 C Q12 C
Q3 B Q13 A
Q4 D Q14 D
Q5 B Q15 C
Q6 D Q16 A

Q7 B Q17 D
Q8 A Q18 C
Q9 B Q19 C
Q10 B Q20 D

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Hints & Solutions

Q1 Text Solution: After the fertilization the
zygote divides and forms the
Key points :
embryo and then it is

The semen is the sperm + transferred back to the female

seminal fluid which is formed uterus for further

by the glands . development.

The semen starts from the Hence, the correct option is 'C'.

testes and ends at the urethral Q3 Text Solution:

opening .
Key points :
Explanation :
The secondary /accessory
The correct pathway of the organs of the female sex
semen transport is : organs includes - fallopian
tubes , uterus .
Testes > Epididymis >Vas
deferens > Urethra > Penis > The fallopian tubes have 3
Urethral opening . main parts - Infundibulum ,
ampulla and the isthmus .
The semen while passing
through this pathway collects Explanation :
the secretion of the glands -
seminal vesicles , prostate The infundibulum is the 1st
gland and the cowper’s gland . part of the oviduct , the
ampulla is the 2nd and the
Hence ,the correct option is “C” . Isthmus is the 3rd part of the
oviduct.
Q2 Text Solution:
Among these parts the
Key points :
ampulla is the widest part of
The fusion of sperm and egg to
the oviduct where the
form zygote is the process named
fertilization takes place .
as fertilization .
Explanation : Hence ,the correct option is “B”.

If the fertilization of sperm( Q4 Text Solution:

from donor/husband) and the Explanation-
egg (from donor /wife) to
produce zygote is done The primary sex organ in
outside the human body or in males is testes.
the lab it is known as In vitro
fertilization .

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It is located outside the body Explanation:

inside the scrotum.
Sexual reproduction introduces genetic
Testes produce the male sex variation through the process of
hormone testosterone. recombination, where genetic material
from two parents is combined to
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
produce offspring with unique
Q5 Text Solution: combinations of traits.
Explanation: This variation is advantageous because it
increases the likelihood that at least
The number of chromosomes remain
some individuals will possess traits that
constant in sexually reproducing
are well-suited to changing
organisms because meiosis reduces the
environmental conditions or that provide
number of chromosomes in gametes to
resistance to diseases or predators.
half, ensuring that the number of
Over long evolutionary time, this
chromosomes in a species remains
increased variation allows species to
constant.
adapt and evolve in response to changing
Fertilization of egg and sperm restores
environments, increasing their chances
the number of chromosomes in the
of survival.
zygote (46 or 23 pairs).
Therefore, sexual reproduction helps
The amount of DNA is maintained in each
species to survive over long evolutionary
generation by a specialized mode of cell
time by producing more variation in
division called meiosis which produces
offspring compared to asexual
specialized male and female germ cells
reproduction.
called gametes which are haploid.
One male and female gamete fertilize to Hence, the correct option is 'D'
give rise to a diploid zygote which has the
Q7 Text Solution:
same chromosome number as the
Key concept-
parent.
Transfer of pollen grains from
Hence, the correct option is 'B'.
the anther to the stigma of a
Q6 Text Solution: flower is called pollination.
Key Concept:
Pollination types - self
Reproduction is the production of pollination and cross
offspring. There are two main forms: pollination.
sexual and asexual reproduction.
In sexual reproduction, an organism Explanation-

combines the genetic information from Agents that aid in pollination

each of its parents and is genetically
are called pollinating agents.
unique.
In asexual reproduction, one parent Pollination by various agents
copies itself to form a genetically are called by different terms
identical offspring.
Pollination by

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A air - Anemophily Explanation:

B water - Hydrophily
A stamen is made up of an
C birds - Ornithophily
anther and a filament.
D bees - entomophily
E bats - Chiropterophily The anther is a bilobed
F animals - Zoophily terminal structure. The
Therefore the correct answer is option B. filament is a long, thin stalk.

Q8 Text Solution: The filament's proximal end

Key concept - remains linked to the
thalamus or a flower petal.
The male and female parts of a plant are
the stamen and pistil, respectively. The anther is made up of sac-
The stamen is the male reproductive like structures called
organ and contains a pollen sac (anther) microsporangia, which
and a filament. produce pollen grains.
The pistil is the female reproductive
structure and contains a stigma, style, Pollen grains are the male
and ovary gametes. They fuses with egg
cell to form zygote.
Explanation -
Hence, the correct option is (B)
Statement 1: Correct. The pistil, also
Q10 Text Solution:
known as the carpel, is indeed the female
Key concept: The pollen grains travel from
reproductive organ of a flower. It consists
anther to the stigma of flower. This process is
of three main parts: the stigma (which
termed as pollination.
receives pollen), the style (a slender stalk
Explanation:
connecting the stigma to the ovary), and
the ovary (which contains ovules that Pollen grain attachment to the
develop into seeds after fertilization). stigma is determined by the
Statement 2: Incorrect. The anther is receptivity of the stigma as
the male reproductive structure of a well as the shape and
flower, but it is responsible for structure of the pollen grains.
producing pollen grains, not ovules.
Pollen grains contain male gametes When pollen grains land, they
(sperm cells) necessary for fertilization. absorb water and other
Ovules are produced within the ovary, essential elements before
which is part of the pistil, the female germinating.
reproductive structure of the flower.
Under favorable conditions
Hence, the correct option is 'A' pollen grain germinate to give
rise to pollen tube.
Q9 Text Solution:
Key concept: The androecium is the male The pollen tube develops into
reproductive part of the flower. It is composed the style's intercellular gaps.
of stamens.

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The tube's subsequent path is required substances to the

determined by the style. developing foetus .

Hence, the correct option is (B) The placenta helps in and

Q11 Text Solution: exchange as it connects
Key concept- the mother and the foetus ,
the mother provides oxygen to
The events during the foetus and takes up the
reproduction follow the order:
and excretes out .
1. Gametogenesis (gamete formation)
Hence, the correct option is “C”.
2. Insemination ( transfer of sperms by
males into female reproductive tract )
Q13 Text Solution:
3. Fertilization ( fusion of male and female
Explanation:
gametes)
4. Implantation ( attachment of blastocyst The reproduction process described,
to the uterine wall) where buds along the leaf margin of
5. Gestation ( development of embryo Bryophyllum detach and grow into new
within the uterus of the mother) plants upon falling on soil, is an example
6. Parturition ( giving birth). of vegetative propagation.
In this process, new individuals arise
Explanation-
from vegetative parts of the parent
plant, rather than from seeds or spores.
Fertilization is the fusion of a
This method enables rapid multiplication
haploid male and a haploid
of genetically identical offspring.
female gamete to form a
single called zygote. Unlike budding, which typically involves
the formation of small outgrowths on the
Therefore the correct answer is option B. parent organism, vegetative propagation

Q12 Text Solution: involves the development of entirely new

plants from specialized plant parts, such
Key points : as stems, roots, or in this case, leaf
margins.
Both the assertion and reason
are the correct statement and Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
the reason correctly explains
Q14 Text Solution:
the assertion .
Key features :
Explanation :
The androecium is the male
The placenta is the intimate reproductive part of the flower .
connection between mother Explanation :
and the foetus , the mother
The angiosperm is the
connects to the baby by the
flowering plant that produces
placenta and provides all the
flowers, which are the
fascinating organs and the site

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for the sexual reproduction in After fertilization, the ovule develops into
plants . a seed, containing the embryo and
necessary nutrients for growth.
The flower consist of different
Meanwhile, the ovary transforms into a
parts such as ;
fruit, protecting and dispersing the

Sepal- protects the flower in the seeds.

bud stage . The fruit aids in seed dispersal, ensuring
Petals - attracts the pollinators . the propagation of the plant species.
Androecium - which is the male In rare cases, such as in seedless fruits,

reproductive part of the flower . the ovule may degenerate without

Gynoecium - which is the female forming a seed, resulting in a fruit

reproductive part of the flower . without viable seeds.However, this
Hence , the correct option is “D” . occurrence is an exception rather than
the norm in plant reproduction.
Q15 Text Solution:
Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
Key Concept-
The variation in the genetic material of Q17 Text Solution:
progeny generally takes place whenever there Explanation:
is a change in the sequencing of the nucleotide
Pollen grains are produced in the
of DNA.
anther, which is the part of the stamen,
Explanation-
the male reproductive structure of a

In the sexual reproduction the two flowering plant.

parents are involved and due to the The stigma is the receptive tip of the
rearrangement of the genetic material pistil, the female reproductive
transferred by both the parents causes structure of a flowering plant. It is the

the variation in the progeny. part of the flower where pollen grains

In the asexual reproduction since only land during pollination.

one parent is involved and there is no The filament is the stalk-like part of
change in the rearrangement of gene the stamen that supports the anther.
material that's why offspring are identical The style is the stalk that connects the

and no variation is found. stigma to the ovary in the pistil of a

In mutation and epigenetics may also flower.

lead to variation of genetic material of
Hence, the correct option is 'D'.
progeny because of the arise of different
Q18 Text Solution:
new mutants(slight change in gene
Explanation-
sequencing) and the through the
inheritance in epigenetics. The ureters arising from the
urinary bladder and the
Hence, the answer is option (c) i.e”1,3 and 4
only”. ejaculatory duct ( formed by
the duct from seminal vesicles
Q16 Text Solution:
and the vas deferens that
Explanation:

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carry sperms ) both open into Fertilization ( fusion of male and female
the urethra. gametes)
Implantation ( attachment of blastocyst
Epididymis opens into the vas
to the uterine wall)
deferens . Epididymis stores
Gestation ( development of embryo
and nourishes sperms.
within the uterus of the mother)
Cervix is a part of the female Parturition ( giving birth).
reproductive tract, opens into
Therefore the correct answer
the vagina.
is option C.
Therefore urethra is the common passage for
Q20 Text Solution:
both sperm and urine in males.
Hence, the correct option is 'C'. Explanation-

Q19 Text Solution: A normal ejaculation releases

Explanation- 200- 300 million sperms (2.5 to
5 ml).
The events during
reproduction follow the order: If the sperm count is less than
15 million , there may be lower
Gametogenesis (gamete formation)
chances of fertilization.
Insemination ( transfer of sperms by
males into female reproductive tract ) So, the correct answer is option D.

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