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4. Closing/Settlement
Loan finalization and transfer of ownership (if purchase).
Clear to Close (CTC): Issued once all conditions are met.
Closing Disclosure (CD): Sent 3 days before closing.
Signing: Borrower signs promissory note, mortgage deed, and disclosures.
Funding: Lender transfers funds to seller/escrow.
5. Post-Closing & Servicing
Loan is onboarded for payment and future management.
Loan Boarding: Data uploaded to servicing system.
Servicing: Borrower makes monthly payments (principal, interest, taxes,
insurance).
Escrow Management: Taxes and insurance paid by servicer.
Loan Sales/Securitization: Often sold to Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac or pooled
into MBS.
6. Loan Payoff / Final Events
Loan lifecycle ends when:
Full Repayment: Via scheduled payments or refinance.
Prepayment: Loan paid off early.
Default & Foreclosure: If borrower fails to pay (handled through loss
mitigation first). This is loss mitigation taking place of operation of
modification hardship resolvable re-payment plans
Optional Cycles
Refinance: Borrower gets a new loan to replace the current one.
Loan Modification: For hardship cases (interest rate or term change).