#Present Tenses
Present Simple = Simple Presente
This tense is used with:
Timetables
Permanent situations
Habits
Truths and scientific facts
conditional sentences: types 0 and 1
Form:
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
In 3rd Person We use don’t We use do
Singular we and doesn´t and does
add -s/-es (doesn’t use in (does use in
3rd person 3rd person
S+Verb(s/ves) Singular Singular
+...
Verbos terminados em S+Don’t/doesn’t Do/Does+S+
-o, -z, -ss, -ch, -sh, -x +Verb(base Verb(base
verb+es form)+... form)+...?
Verbos terminados
em consoante+y tira- Verbos terminados em
se o y verb+ies vogal+y deixa o y verb+s
Examples:
He plays soccer very well.
She loves chocolate.
They go to school in the afternoon.
I always read the newspaper in the morning.
We generally travel to Brazil in December
Does he teach Spanish at the university?
They don't prefer Italian food.
Present Continuous
This tense is used with:
Things that are happening now
Temporary situations
Future arrangements already planned, using a future
time expression(tomorrow;Next Monday,ect.)
Form:
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
Subject + verb Subject + verb Verb aux to be
aux “to be” + not aux to be + verb + subject + verb
+ verb with -ing + with -ing + with -ing +
complement complement complement ?
S+Verb aux “to be” S+verb ”to be” verb aux”to be”
+verb(ing)+... in negative +S+Verb(ing)+...?
+verb(ing)
Examples:
She is talking to her mom now.
Are they studying at the moment?
She is American, but she's living in Canada at present.
They are studying for the test.
They are not studying for the test.
Are they studying for the test?
Present Perfect
This tense makes a link between the past and the
present. It is used with:
unfinished states which started in the past and are still
continuing now, using “since” (a point in time) or “for”
(a period of time);
a finished action at unspecified point in the past, to
express a life experience;
an action completed recently with a result in the
present;
an action already completed in a time period that is
still continuing, using a time expression (today,this
week, this year, ect.).
Form:
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
We use verb aux We use varb We use verb aux
have/has and verb aux haven’t have/has +subject
principal in past /hasn’t and and verb principal
participle verb principal in past participle
S+Verb S+ verb aux Have/has+S+
aux(have/has) haven’t/hasn’t+ Verb in past
+verb in past Verb in past participle+...?
participle+... partciple+...
Examples:
Have my parents visited Portugal three times?
Dian has not visited Germany two times
I have tried sushi before
She has never been to the States.
I have always wanted to study German.
He hasn’t been arriving early lately
Table of irregular verbs past participle:
Present Continuous
This tense is used with:
unfinished actions which started in the past and
continue into the present;
temporary habits or states, using a time expression
(recently, in the last few weeks, ect.)
an activity completed recently, but with visibale result
at the present moment.
Form:
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
We use verb aux We use verb aux we use had
had been and hadn’t been and +subject+been
verb(ing) verb(ing) and verb(ing)
S+had been S+hadn’t or Had+S+been
+verb(ing)+... had not +Verb(ing)+...?
e+verb(ing)
+...
Examples:
Had Julia been studying english for five weeks?
How long had it been raining?
We had been waiting there for 2 hours before the bus
arrived
He hadn’t been sleeping well for the last few nights.
I had been writing articles on various topics for three
hours.
