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Pharmacology Detailed Notes RRB

The document provides detailed notes on pharmacology, covering its branches, pharmacokinetics (ADME), pharmacodynamics, drug administration routes, and various drug classes including CNS acting drugs and antimicrobial drugs. It also discusses drug dosing, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, and drug schedules in India. Overall, it serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the principles and applications of pharmacology for RRB pharmacists.

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Diya ingalkar
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272 views4 pages

Pharmacology Detailed Notes RRB

The document provides detailed notes on pharmacology, covering its branches, pharmacokinetics (ADME), pharmacodynamics, drug administration routes, and various drug classes including CNS acting drugs and antimicrobial drugs. It also discusses drug dosing, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, and drug schedules in India. Overall, it serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the principles and applications of pharmacology for RRB pharmacists.

Uploaded by

Diya ingalkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHARMACOLOGY DETAILED NOTES - RRB PHARMACIST FOCUS

1. Introduction to Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the science that studies drugs, their sources, mechanism of action, uses, and

effects on the body.

Branches of Pharmacology:

- Pharmacodynamics: What the drug does to the body

- Pharmacokinetics: What the body does to the drug (ADME)

- Pharmacotherapeutics: Use of drugs in disease treatment

- Toxicology: Study of harmful effects of drugs

- Clinical Pharmacology: Study of drugs in humans under clinical trial

2. Pharmacokinetics - ADME

A: Absorption - entry of drug into bloodstream

D: Distribution - transfer to body compartments

M: Metabolism - biotransformation (mainly in liver)

E: Excretion - removal of drug from body

Factors Affecting Absorption: route, solubility, blood flow, pH

3. Pharmacodynamics

- Receptors: cellular proteins where drugs bind

- Agonist: activates receptor

- Antagonist: blocks receptor


Mechanism of Action: enzyme inhibition, receptor binding, ion channel modulation

4. Drug Administration Routes

Oral, IV, IM, SC, Topical, Inhalation, Sublingual

5. Drug Dose & Response

- Minimum effective dose, maximum tolerated dose

- Therapeutic Index = LD50/ED50

- Half-life: time to reduce plasma concentration by half

6. Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

- Sympathomimetics: Adrenaline, Salbutamol

- Sympatholytics: Propranolol, Prazosin

- Parasympathomimetics: Pilocarpine

- Parasympatholytics: Atropine, Ipratropium

7. Cardiovascular System Drugs

- Diuretics: Furosemide

- ACE inhibitors: Enalapril

- Beta-blockers: Atenolol

- CCBs: Amlodipine

- Nitrates: Nitroglycerin

8. Antimicrobial Drugs

- Antibiotics: Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin

- Antitubercular: Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol

- Antifungals: Fluconazole
- Antivirals: Acyclovir

9. CNS Acting Drugs

- Sedatives: Diazepam

- Antidepressants: Fluoxetine

- Antiepileptics: Phenytoin

- Antipsychotics: Haloperidol

- General Anesthetics: Propofol

- Local Anesthetics: Lignocaine

10. Common Condition Drugs

- Diabetes: Metformin, Insulin

- Asthma: Salbutamol, Budesonide

- Allergy: Cetirizine

- Hypertension: Amlodipine

- Pain/Fever: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen

- Ulcer: Omeprazole, Ranitidine

11. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)

- Allergic: Penicillin rash

- Toxic: Aminoglycosides - nephrotoxicity

- Idiosyncrasy: Chloramphenicol - anemia

- Teratogenic: Thalidomide

12. Drug Interactions

- Synergism: Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid

- Antagonism: Naloxone vs. Morphine


- Enzyme induction: Rifampicin

13. Drug Schedules (India)

- H: Prescription drugs

- X: Narcotics

- G: Medical supervision required

- C/C1: Biologicals

- P: Shelf life

- Y: Clinical trials

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