TENSE
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Subject Verb Object
(कर्ता ) does (क्रियत) on (कर्ा)
Eg:- I teach English
I wrote the book
You will help her
Students make notes
See the sentences given above. The forms of verbs 7
change and we can understand the time as well as the Next
action/ state from the forms of verbs.
(ऊपर क्रिए गये वतक्यों कय िे खें। Verb के forms पररवक्रर्ार् हय रहे हैं और verbs के forms हर्ें
action (कतया)/ state (अवस्थत) एवों सर्य कत बयध करत रहत है।
Forms of Verbs
Verb Base form V1 V1+s/es V2 V1 +ing V3
Purest form Present form Present form Past Form Continuous Perfect
(with→ I, we, (with→ he, form Form
they, you, she, it,
plural) name,
singular
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Now check the forms./ (Forms check करें )
We have present form of verb and past form of verb but no future form.
(Verb के Present एवों past form र्ौजूि है लेक्रकन कयई future form नह ों)
Hence some Grammarians are of the view that Tense is of two types – Present
and Past.
(अर्ः कुछ grammarians कत कहनत है क्रक Tense िय प्रकतर के हयर्े हैं - Present एवों Past)
Future Tense requires Modals will/ shall and Vb.f.
(Future Tense के क्रलए Modals will/shall एवों Vb.f. क जरूरर् पड़र् है।)
This means we do not have readymade future tense. We rather make it.
(इसकत अथा है क्रक हर्तरे पतस बनत-बनतयत Future Tense नह ों है। हर्ें Future Tense बनतनत पड़र्त
है।)
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TENSE
Present Tense Past Tense Future Tense
Simple Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
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To be good at Tense, you need to know all the forms of verbs that are common
in day-to-day life so learn all the forms of those verbs which are used in day-to-
day life. (Tense र्ें अच्छत हयने के क्रलए आप कय forms of verbs आनत चतक्रहए। कर् से कर् उन
verbs कय अच्छे से यति कर ले जय रयजर्रता क क्रजन्दग र्ें प्रयुक्त हयर्े है )
Now let us see Tense one-by-one in detail.
(अब एक-एक कर के Tense कय detail र्ें िे खर्े हैं।)
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
This includes Present state made from verb 'is/ am/ are'. It describes one's
present identity, class or quality.
(इसर्ें Verb 'is/ am/ are' से क गई वर्ा र्तन अवस्थत शतक्रर्ल हैं । यह वर्ा र्तन पहचतन, वगा यत
गुणवत्तत कत वणान करर्त है।)
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Next
I am a teacher.
Eg:-
She is not my aunt.
Are you in Delhi?
Structure
Positive Sentence (सकतरतत्मक वतक्) Subject + is/am/are + object
Negative Sentence (नकतरतत्मक वतक्) Subject + is/am/are + not + object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्न सू चक वतक्) Is/ am/ are + subject + object?
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PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE Next
The name itself suggests that it denotes Present action/ state that is regular/ irregular/
habit/ universal truth/ happens/ does not happen etc but must be a part of our present
life. / (नतर् से ह ये पर्त चलर्त है क्रक ये वर्ार्तन के कतया/अवस्थत िशतार्त है जय क्रनयक्रर्र् है/ अक्रनयक्रर्र् है/ आिर् है/
सतवाभौक्रर्क सत्य है / हयर्त है / नह ों हयर्त है , ले क्रकन क्रनक्रिर् ह वर्ा र्तन कत क्रहस्सत है ।)
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Regular Irregular Universal Habit Present
Eg:-
Routine Routine Truth Action/state
Tsunami He smokes. I know you.
Children The Sun
go to school comes in
rises in the
coastal regions.
east.
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Note:- We add 'es' after V1 if the verb ends in s, ss, ch, sh, z, x & o.
(V1 के सतथ 'es' र्ब लगर्त है जब verb s, ss, ch, sh, z, x और o र्ें खत्म हय)
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Maximum number of questions are asked from the use given below.
(अक्रधकर्र सवतल ऊपर क्रिए गए use से पूछे जतर्े हैं )
Eg:- Answers
1. The fifth and final act of Macbeth contain the 1. Change contain into contains
as the fifth and final act of
sleepwalking scene. CHSL 2018
Macbeth is the same one.
2. The Cannes film festival attract some of the
2. Change 'attract' into 'attracts'
world's most famous people CHSL 2018
as the subject is singular.
3. The price of woolen clothes come down in
3. Change 'come' into 'comes' as
summer.
the subject (price) is singular.
4. The two states frequently has differences over 4. Two states (P.S.) will take
the use of the river water especially during the have (P.V.) change 'has' into
summer. CHSL 2018 'have'.
