For other uses, see Electricity (disambiguation). "Electric" redirects here.
For other
uses, see Electric (disambiguation).
Lightning and urban
lighting are forms of electricity
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Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence
and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related
to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as
described by Maxwell's equations. Common phenomena are related to electricity,
including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many
others.
The presence of either a positive or negative electric charge produces an electric
field. The motion of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic
field. In most applications, Coulomb's law determines the force acting on an electric
charge. Electric potential is the work done to move an electric charge from one point
to another within an electric field, typically measured in volts.
Electricity plays a central role in many modern technologies, serving in electric
power where electric current is used to energise equipment, and
in electronics dealing with electrical circuits involving active components such
as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive
interconnection technologies.
The study of electrical phenomena dates back to antiquity, with theoretical
understanding progressing slowly until the 17th and 18th centuries. The
development of the theory of electromagnetism in the 19th century marked
significant progress, leading to electricity's industrial and residential application
by electrical engineers by the century's end. This rapid expansion in electrical
technology at the time was the driving force behind the Second Industrial Revolution,
with electricity's versatility driving transformations in both industry and society.
Electricity is integral to applicatio