International Humanities - History

Lesson 24 : Empire

NAME: CLASS-

We studied how England started on the road to becoming an Empire. It started during the time of the
Tudor Kings and Queens.

Below are some important events for Tudor times that led to Empire,

Match the event to correct Tudor ruler.

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Spreadd+re Renaissance ja England

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Henry VII:

Henry VIII:

Edward VI:

Mary I:

Elizabeth I:

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 International Humaities - History
Timeline 1455-1558
NAME: CLASS:

Fill in this timeline of some of he important events we studied. Glue it into your blue notebook and keep
it for review.

The Wars of the Roses begin Anne Boleyn is beheaded

Man'll dies Lady me Grey rules for 9 days Edward VI becomes King

Henry VIII divorces Catherine of Aragon Henry VII becomes King

England creates plantations in Ireland Mary I becomes Queen

is born Arthur'Tudor dies The Tudbr Period

1485-1603:

1455:

1485:

1502:

1509:

1533: (May) _
1533: (September) E hWffE I H
1536: Ldyjane fub tor Q Jy
1547:

1553: (July)

1553: (July) MARY I BECOMES QUEEN

1556: £ (Ifo .

1558: Anne- Boleik is

The answer to the dates below is not in the box above. What will you write?

1558-1603: At Ayr m
 International Humanities - History
Lesson 26 - The End of the Tudors
Recap: The Tudor Kings and Queens:

1485, Henry Tudor defeats Richard III

to become the new King of England and so
begins the Tudor bynasty.

1509, his son, becomes Henry VIII and

rules through 38 years, 6 wives and
changes English history forever.

1547, his son, Edward VI becomes a boy

King but - sickly - rules for only 6 years.

3, Edward's cousin, Lady Jane Grey,

ids 9 days as Queen before being removed
beheaded.

, Henry VIII’s oldest child, becomes

I. She ruled with her husband,
e Philip of Spain and became known as
dy Mary" for her burning of Protestants.

er, only, 5 years, she also falls sick and

. Leaving her throne to her younger
er, Elizabeth in 1558.

1558-1603 ElizabethIreigns as Queen. It is

called a “ left Ag- She partially heals the
church. She defeats the Spanish Armad (1588).
She promotes private rs, explo and the
She survives assassination but never marries. It is
the time of Shakespeare and great growth for
England. She dies without an heir and the Tudor
Period comes to an end.
 International Humanities - History
Lesson 26 - The End of the Tudors
The Death of Elizabeth and the end of the Tudors:
1: Ridolf. Plot 1571 2: Throckmorton Plot 1583 3. Babington Plot 1586 4; Essex Plot 1601

Roberto Ridolfi, a English Catholic, English Catholic, Elizabeth's last

rich Catholic. Francis Throckmorton, Lord Babington, "favourite",
Italian banker, planned to help the planned to help to Robert Devereaux,
organised the Spanish invade, kill send 6 assassins to the Earl of Essex,
English Duke of Elizabeth and put kill Elizabeth then betrayed her.
Norfolk and Spanish Mary Queen of Scots free Mary Queen of tried to organise
Duke of Alba to kill on the throne Scots and take the an uprising in
Elizabeth and take throne London and
her throne planned to kill her

All plots failed All those All those involved were

who planned them were executed. Elizabeth did
caught. not die by assassination.
Sir Francis Walsingham The Spy Master

In the winter of 1602-1603,

Elizabeth started to feel unwell. She
refused her doctors help. It was said,
by some, she had given into sadness
following the betrayal and execution
of Robert Devereaux: Earl of Essex.
On the 24th of March, 1603.
Ei zabeth died. Before her final
moments, her advisors asked her if
she approved James VI of Scotland
to succeed her. Elizabeth nodded.

After the Tudors:

And so the crown passed to James Stuart, son

of Scots, great-grandson of
Margaret Tudor - Henry VIII's sister.
He was already called James VI of Scotland
but he was the first James to be King in
England, so, they called him James I.
(1603-1625)
He was a Protestant and by ruling two
countries brought Englanc and Scotland closer
together. Although Scotland would not join
until 1707.
F

Pre-Study Homework: Henry VIII and his six wives

Read about Elizabeth I's father - King Henry VIII and his many marriages.

5. Henry VIII was the son of the first Tudor King - Henry VII
6. His elder brother, Arthur, died young. So. Henry became King.
7. Henry was handsome, athletic, well-educated young man. He loved games, music,
poetry and dance.
8. He didn't really want to become King but he had no choice and he also had to
marry his brother's wife to keep good relations with Spain:

WIFE 1: Catherine of Aragon. She was older than Henry and together they had one
daughter (called Mary) but no sons. Henry started seeing other women and decided
to divorce Catherine.

WIFE 2: Anne Boleyn. She met Henry when he was still married to Catherine. He
divorced Catherine to marry Anne. Anne gave him another daughter (Elizabeth).
Henry grew tired of Anne and had her beheaded.

WIFE 3: Jane Seymour was very young and gave Henry a son (Edward) but she died
just after.

WIFE 4: Anne of Cleves was an arranged marriage and when Henry met her, he
decided she was too ugly and divorced her quickly.

WIFE 5: Katherine Howard was a great beauty but Henry (now old and fat) thought
she was seeing other men, so had her head cut off.

WIFE 6: Catherine Parr was a very kind lady who looked after an old Henry and his
children. She was still his wife when he died.

There is a school rhyme for what happened to Henry's six wives. It goes:

DIVORCED. BEHEADED, DIED,

DIVORCED. BEHEADED, SURVIVED.
 International Humanities - Semester One History
The Wars of the Roses (1455-1485)

Please read this short version of what was “The Wars of the Roses"

This is your homework. There will be a quiz on this in the next class.
Your quiz score will be GRADED.

"The Wars of the Roses" is the name for a series of battles between two families
who wanted to rule England from 1455-1485. It was a “civil war"*.
The family names were Lancaster and York.
The House Lancaster had a red rose for their badge.
The House York had a white rose for their badge.
Therefore, it was called the Wars of the Roses.

Before the wars began, the King of England was Henry VI (VI=6th).
He was a weak, sick and crazy King. His bad rule led to England becoming very
weak and poor.
Richard York led a revolt against the King and tried to take power for himself.
This led to a lot of bloody battles, death, disease and trouble for everyone in
England.

Henry VI was married to Margaret Lancaster. They had a son. They fought to get
the crown back and later - when Henry VI died - Margaret wanted her son
(Edward Lancaster) to be King.

between those who wanted Richard York as king and those who
So, the fighting was
wanted Edward Lancaster as king.

Many people died and - in the end - Richard HI (York) became King. But, he was a
cruel and bad king who even killed his own family to become king*.

Finally, Henry Tudor (a friend of The Lancasters) defeated and killed Richard III.

The Wars of the Roses were over.

Henry Tudor became Henry VII (VH=7th) in 1485 and re-united England into one,
peaceful country again. He married Elizabeth York to make sure the two sides
would not fight again.

So began the time of the Tudors (1485-1603).

* Civil War means when people in the same country fight each other.
* William Shakespeare wrote a famous play about Richard III.
The middle way

Elizabeth made herself Governor (not

Head) of the Church of England in order
to please the Catholics. This meant that
Catholics - if they wanted to - could still Key words/ideas to remember:
think of the Pope as Head of the Church.
1. Elizabeth was a Protestant

2. Her advisers were called The Privy Council

2 Priests were allowed to marry

3. Her chief adviser was called:
to please the Protestants (this Sir William Cecil
was not allowed under Catholic
Queen Mary’s reign) and a revised 4. He helped her form a Middle Way
prayer book replaced the one from
Edward’s reign that was so hated by
Catholics.
5. The Middle Way was meant to please
Catholics and Protestants

6. On the left, you can see some of the Ways

7. It didn't please everyone:

3 Catholics believed that bishops should have

A) Some Catholics refused to go to church,
an important role in controlling the Church.
Elizabeth kept the bishops - but they they were called Recusants and had to pay a
were under her control. Church services fine (money) for not obeying the Queen
and the Bible were in English, which B) Some Protestants hated the changes and
pleased Protestants. they were called Puritans

8. Mostly, it worked and The Church of

England still exists like this today.
4 The Catholic service from
Queen Mary's reign was changed, 9. But...those who didn't agree with this still
to please Protestants. Strict
Catholics, who didn't want to
were a big threat to the peace of England and
attend the new services, weren’t to the life of Elizabeth.
severely punished. However, they
had to pay a fine for staying at
home (these people were known
as recusants).
 International Humanities - History
Young Elizabeth and her education

Look at four of the reasons why Elizabeth would grow up to be a very capable leader-

Secret of her success No. 1: Secret of her success No. 2:

She enjoyed learning She got attention because
she was clever
Elizabeth had her own personal
tutors and enjoyed working King Henry was disappointed
hard at her lessons. It was very when Elizabeth was bom but
fashionable at the time for rich soon grew to love spending time
young women to be highly with his clever daughter. When
educated and Elizabeth loved Henry visited Elizabeth, her haff-
writing poems, sister was probably very jealous.
books and learning new Mary was often kept away in a
separate room while the king and
his youngest daughter chatted,
swapped gifts and sang together.
Secret of her success No. 3:
She was lonely Secret of her success No. 4:
There wasn’t much
Elizabeth didn't really have any
else to do
close friends. But reading books
and learning new skills meant There was no television,
that she could talk about these radio or Internet in
things with people. People Tudor times. Books,
weren't going to voice their music and horse riding
real opinions about the provided entertainment
country to the king’s daughter, tor her - and she
but they might be honest seemed to be very good
about their views on books, at many of the things
musk and horses. she tried.

Look at Elizabeth's timetable. She would have had the best tutors brought to the palace to teach her
these subjects.

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Bible study FibQ study Bible study Bible study ‘Bible study
'BiVk rruns/dtk’!!: Book rruHslutkni. Book translation: Book translation: ‘Philosophy
Cvwit tv lEruj/Mi Tnqlish to Greek fatin to English Fnalish
c
to fatin
funchtnnc - Food - Walking - Ruiiry - Qames
French conversation Italia m u’m rrxitk’n fatin conversation Fnylish conversation Greek i jnwrMiridn

Book translation: Book translation: Boek translation: Kvk ti andaner

fatin to Fnalisfi to fatin yreek to Fnahsh to G'Vih

Key words:
Personal Tutor =#>A#|i|i Translation = Bible Study = Grieb =

Latin = SZTia Philosophy -

 IH Mid-term scope.
Important notes

Please take note:

These are important facts that will help you study for the test.

HOWEVER

You cannot study this only. You need to study the notes in your book too.

Tips on studying:
• Study pictures and names.
• Study the vocabulary lists.
• The Tudor period 1455-1603
• Wars of the roses - between House Lancaster (red rose) and House York (white rose)
• 1 lenry Tudor defeated Richard III and married Elizabeth York to end the war and bring
peace to England.
• Henry the VIII became king in 1509 and had 6 wives.
• Divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived.
• The Pope of the Catholic Church disagreed to Henry V 11 I's first divorce.
• Henry then split England from the Catholic Church, creating his own Church (Protestant
called the Church of England
• Henry VIII's son, Edward VI, became king in 1547.
• Edward VI was supposed to marry Mary Queen of Scots
• After Edward died, Lady Jane Grey became queen for 9 days. She was chosen because
she was Protestant.
• Mary, 1 took power and beheaded Lady Jane Grey- Mary I was a Catholic and burned
many Protestants at the stake, earning her the nickname "Bloody Mary”. Later, she
established plantations in Ireland.
• Mary Ls half-sister, Elizabeth I, became queen at 25, after Mary 1 died.
• Elizabeth struggled against her advisors, called the Privy council. She had two important
friends - William Cecil and Sir Francis Walsingham.
• I Icr nickname was “The Virgin Queen” because she never married.