PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

Applied Physics Lab (PH111L)

Lab Report # 07
Group No:

Submitted by:
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Member Name: Reg No: _
Submitted to:
Engr. Abdul Ghani

Department of Computer Science

Air University - Aerospace and Aviation
Campus,Kamra
 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

AIR UNIVERSITY, AEROSPACE & AVIATION

CAMPUS KAMRA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

EXPERIMENT NO 7

Lab Title: Analysis of Series and Parallel Circuit

Objective: To wire simple series and parallel circuit of resistances on a breadboard and to
verify the rules pertaining to the circuit.

LAB ASSESSMENT:
Excellent Good Average Unsatisfactory
Mapping Attributes
(5) (3-4) (1-2) (0)
Calculations and
Results
CLO1
Analysis Question
& Conclusion

Total Marks: Obtained Marks:

 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

EXPERIMENT NO 7:
Analysis of Series and Parallel Circuit
OBJECTIVE:
• To verify total or equivalent resistance (Req) in a circuit in which the resistors are
connected in series and parallel.
• To wire simple series and parallel circuit of resistances on a breadboard and to verify
the rules pertaining to the circuit.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1. Digital Multimeter (DMM)
2. DC Power Supply
3. Connecting Wires
4. Resistor of different values.
5. Bread Board

THEORY:
• Series Circuits
In series circuit, components are connected side by side like to cascade. In other words, each
leg of one component is connected with different component. For example, in figure 1, R 1, R2
and R3 are connected side by side making a cascade form. Only one leg of a resistor is
connected to a leg of its adjacent resistance. Series circuit ensures same current however, the
voltage appears on each component is different and depend on the value of resistor. In series
circuits, if R1, R2, R3…, Rn are connected then their equivalent resistance would simply
individual sum of all resistances. For example, in circuit shown in fig 1, Req would be as:
Req = R1 + R2 + R3

Figure 1 - Series Circuit

• Parallel Circuits
In parallel circuit, components are connected in such a way that one leg of all components is
connected at one junction (point) whereas the second legs are connected at one point. For
example, in figure 2, the left legs of R1, R2, and R3 are connected at one point and right legs
are connected at another point. The parallel circuit has same voltages whereas current is divided
 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

in each branch depending on the value of resistor. In parallel circuits, if of R 1, R2, R3,…, Rn
are connected then their equivalent resistance would simply reciprocal of individual sum of all
reciprocal resistances. For example, in circuit shown in fig 2, Req would be as
𝑹3

Figure 2 - Parallel Circuit

PROCEDURE:
Part(A): Series Circuit
• Measure the value of resistances using ohmmeter (DMM).
• Implement the circuit shown in figure 3.
• Connect DC power supply to the circuit.
• Measure the current through and the voltage across the resistors with the multi-meter.
• Connect the ammeter in series to measure current in the circuit.
• Connect the voltmeter in parallel to measure voltage in the circuit.
• After measuring the voltage and current calculate the value of resistance.
• Verify the series rules.

Figure 3 - Series Circuit of Resistance

 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

Part(B): Parallel Circuit

• Measure the value of resistances using ohmmeter.
• Implement the circuit shown in figure 4.
• Connect DC power supply to the circuit.
• Measure the current through and the voltage across the resistors with the multi-meter.
• Connect the ammeter in series to measure current in the circuit.
• Connect the voltmeter in parallel to measure voltage in the circuit.
• After measuring the voltage and current calculate the value of resistance.
• Verify the parallel rules.

Figure 4 Parallel Circuit of Resistance

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS:

PART (A)

Series Circuit
𝑽
𝑹=
Component Resistance Voltage Current 𝑰
from DMM (Volts) (Amperes) (Ohm) %Difference
Calculated

R1=1kΩ
R2=3kΩ
R3=3kΩ
R4=5kΩ
Req/V/I
 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

PART (B)

Parallel Circuit

Component Current 𝑽
Voltage 𝑹=
Resistance (Volts) (Amperes) 𝑰 %Difference
from DMM (Ohm)
Calculated
R1=1kΩ
R2=3kΩ
R3=3kΩ

R4=5kΩ

Req/V/I

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS:
1. How can three resistances of values 2Ω, 3Ω and 6Ω be connected to produce an effective
resistance of 4Ω?
Ans……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Can we check the equivalent resistance of circuit through Oscilloscope? Explain?

Ans……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Which is the most efficient connection series or parallel?

Ans……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
 PHYSICS LAB MANUAL

CONCLUSION: