Index
A BBH (Bavarian Federation for the
abortion, 22, 31, 32, 59, 148 Protection of Homeland), 94
Americanization, 22, 47, 66, 94, 144, Beck, Ulrich, 40, 210
145 Benoist, Alain de, 5, 130–133, 135
Amery, Carl, 138 Betz, Hans-Georg, 16, 17, 119, 123,
anthropocentrism, 107 124, 135, 140, 142, 162, 170,
anti-Americanism, 122, 141–143, 192, 197
145, 153 bioregionalism, 74, 75, 105
anti-anthropocentrism, 121 Bramwell, Anna, 4, 19, 82, 98, 100,
anti-system theory, 189 106, 107, 135
Arndt, Ernst Moritz, 89, 90, 92 Bubik, Roland, 163
asylum seekers, 33, 147, 159, 167,
168, 170, 172–175. See also
foreigners C
AUD. See DG/AUD CDU (Christian Democratic Union)
Austrian Freedom Party (FPÖ), 15 citizenship, attitude towards, 208
Automobilist Party, 183 and DSU, 30
and Herbert Gruhl, 122
immigration, attitude towards, 208
B multiculturalism, attitude towards,
Bahro, Rudolf, 70, 125, 127, 138, 208
139, 143 Center Democrats (Holland), 18, 182
Balibar, Etienne, 47, 132 citizenship law, 145
Balkanization, 135 Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 169
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive 217
license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
J. Olsen, Nature and Nationalism,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-74342-9
218 INDEX
Conservative Revolution, 22, 26, 70, eco-naturalism, 5, 57, 58, 61, 63, 70,
90, 111, 133, 140 76
Constitutional Patriotism, 23, 125, eco-organicism, 5, 44, 57, 63, 67, 76
156–158, 165 eco-pax movement, 141, 143, 147.
cosmopolitanism, 39, 43, 92, 96, 100, See also environmental movement
185, 187 Eco-Union, 27, 30–32, 35, 59, 203
Criticon, 26, 73, 156, 176 Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus, 133, 173
CSU (Christian Social Union) Eichberg, Henning, 5, 25, 47, 129,
citizenship, attitude towards, 208 130, 134–136, 144
and DSU, 29, 30 Enlightenment, 20, 36–39, 41, 42,
and REPs, 155, 206 45, 57, 61, 64, 71, 82, 85–88,
immigration, attitudes toward, 175 90, 94, 107, 114, 119, 120, 125,
multiculturalism, attitudes toward, 126, 131, 134, 136, 138, 139,
169, 175 148, 156, 159, 164, 182, 185,
195, 197, 198, 210
characteristics of, 42
D and environmental critique, 35
Darre, Richard Walter, 95 and nationalism, 35
DBH (German Federation for the and New Left, 138
Protection of the Homeland), and romanticism, 82
94–96, 102 universalism, 20, 36–39, 41, 42,
Deudney, Daniel, 20, 39, 40, 195 45, 57, 61, 64, 71, 76, 82, 88,
DG/AUD (German Community/ 107, 114, 120, 125, 136, 148,
Action Community of 156, 159, 164, 182, 195, 198
Independent Germans) and environmental crisis
nature and nationalism tradition, and New Left, 5, 138
114, 122, 127–129, 140 and Radical Right, 70
and New Left, 140 environmental ideology, 2, 4, 8, 19,
differential racism. See neo-racism 29, 36, 101, 181, 182
DLVH (German League for People environmental movement
and Homeland), 44, 72 and New Left, 112, 123, 126
DSU (German Social Union), 27, and Radical Right, 129, 130, 146
29–31, 35, 59 ethno-pluralism, 5, 46–48, 135
Duke, David, 186 Europa Vorn, 72
DVU (German People’s Union), 8, European Union, 22, 65, 171
16, 27–30, 33, 44, 199–201, 206
F
E Falter, Jürgen, 190, 199
eco-authoritarianism, 5, 57, 69, 76 FAP (Freedom Workers’ Party), 33
eco-fascism, 190, 191 Fascism, 16, 112, 124, 162, 190–192,
eco-left, 141, 142, 146, 147, 153. See 197. See also eco-Fascism;
also New Left neo-Fascism
INDEX 219
FDP (Free Democratic Party), 31, Harich, Wolfgang, 70
163, 194, 199, 209 Haussleiter, August, 111, 112, 122,
foreigners 127, 140
attitudes towards, 196 Haussleiter-Malluche, Renate, 128
in debate on political asylum, 25, Havel, Vaclav, 41
48 Haverbeck, Werner Georg, 20, 25,
and Radical Right, 144 34, 35, 43, 44, 67, 68, 113, 114,
Frey, Gerhard, 28, 29 127, 128, 202
Haverbeck-Wetzel, Ursula, 147, 148
Heilbrunn, Jacob, 47, 156, 171, 189,
G 203, 204
Gauweiler, Peter, 4, 5, 173–175 Heimat movement, 83, 90, 93–95,
GAZ (Green Action Future), 24, 126, 114. See also DBH
127 Herder, Johann Gottfried, 42, 88,
Geißler, Heiner, 30, 65, 156, 167, 170
169, 206 Herf, Jeffrey, 85, 86, 94, 106, 111,
GfbAEV (Society for biological 141, 197
Anthropology, Eugenics, and Hesse, Hartmut, 60, 61
Behavior Research), 35, 113 Himmler, Heinrich, 98, 103, 110
GLU (Green List for Environmental Historikerstreit , 162
Protection), 130
Göttig, Horst, 30, 31
GRECE. See Nouvelle Droite I
Greenfeld, Liah, 88, 89, 195 immigration, 2, 5, 8, 16–18, 22, 27,
Greens, Green party 35, 48, 49, 62, 66, 133, 142,
and DG/AUD, 113, 129 157, 158, 160, 165–167, 169,
and Herbert Gruhl, 23, 25 171, 172, 174, 175, 177, 184,
and A. Mechtersheimer, 143, 145 186, 188, 189, 192, 200, 205,
and New Right, 47, 130 206, 208, 210
and WSL, 34 Radical Right attitudes toward, 136
Radical Right attitudes toward, 56,
76, 145
Griffin, Roger, 190, 197 J
Gruhl, Herbert, 23–25, 60–62, 64, Junge Freiheit , 26, 71, 72, 76, 139,
66, 67, 69, 74, 75, 122, 155, 156, 163, 164, 174, 175
126–128, 138, 183, 201, 202 Jungk, Robert, 126
Gruppe Ökologie, 133
K
H Kaltenbrunner, Gerd-Klaus, 60, 162
Haeckel, Ernst, 8, 9, 83, 97–103, Kitschelt, Herbert, 17, 119, 183, 189,
107, 108, 114, 147 192
Hardin, Garrett, 186 Klages, Ludwig, 93, 94, 147
220 INDEX
Kohl, Helmut, 21, 147, 155, 159, Murswiek, Dietrich, 176
161, 168, 171, 206
Kosiek, Rolf, 65, 134
Künast, Rudolf, 136 N
National Front (FN), 15, 18, 182,
186, 187
L Nationalism
landscape architecture, 96, 107, 110 and the Enlightenment, 82, 87,
Lange, Willy, 96, 107, 110 114, 156
Lebensphilosophie, 59, 109
and New Left, 112, 128
Le Pen, Jean-Marie, 15, 18, 187
new nationalism, 68, 112
Lindner, Werner, 95–97, 102
old nationalism, 112
Lorenz, Konrad, 131
ultra-nationalism, 4, 20, 36, 42, 43,
Löwenthal, Leo, 210
90, 97, 107, 145, 182, 185,
Löw, Reinhard, 176
190, 193
Lummer, Heinrich, 155, 156, 170,
Nation und Europa, 60
173
National Socialism
and environmentalism, 4, 8, 46,
M 190
Mahler, Horst, 144, 145 and Radical Right, 111, 132, 161
Maren-Grisebach, Manon, 146 neo-Fascism, 190. See also Fascism
Markovits, Andrei, 119, 125, 138, neo-racism, 47, 132
141–143, 145 Neubauer, Harald, 44, 45, 72, 73
Marxism, 85, 123–126, 134, 138, New Left
140, 200 and Environmentalism, 5, 19, 123
materialism, 92, 94, 95, 99, 104, 134 and Nationalism, 112
Mechtersheimer, Alfred, 143–145, and Radical Right, 137
196 New Politics, 16, 34, 48, 58, 61, 126,
Megret, Bruno, 55 140, 189, 192, 193, 196
Metzger, Tom, 185 New Right, 5, 25, 47, 111, 121, 122,
Minkenberg, Michael, 16, 189, 192, 129, 130, 132–134, 136, 137,
193 140, 141, 144, 146, 147, 157,
modernity, 82, 83, 85, 93, 96, 139, 161, 196, 198, 202–204
197, 198 Nolte, Ernst, 139, 162, 163, 165
Mohler, Armin, 90 non-materialism. See post-materialism
Monist League, 97, 99–101, 103, 108 Northern League, 15, 182
multiculturalism, 8, 16, 17, 66, 75, Nouvelle Droite, 5, 130–132, 135
127, 146, 165, 174, 175, 177, NPD (National-Democratic Party of
186, 188, 189, 192, 193, 200, Germany), 8, 26, 28, 30, 32–34,
207, 210 36, 44, 60, 63, 64, 77, 114, 122,
Radical Right attitudes toward, 129, 130, 134, 176, 196, 200,
136, 169 201
INDEX 221
NRAO (National Revolutionary and Radical Right, 147
Reconstruction Organization), Richter, Karl, 72, 73
25, 130, 134 Riehl, Wilhelm Heinrich, 91–93
nuclear power, 18, 26, 34, 85, 114, Riner, Manfred, 172
126, 128, 196 romanticism, 82, 83, 85–89, 91, 92,
94, 114, 120, 124, 126, 131,
158
O and Green Party, 106, 120
ÖDP (Ecological-Democratic Party), Rudorff, Ernst, 95, 96
24, 25, 60, 61, 73, 201, 202 Rühe, Volker, 168
P
S
Pamyat, 184
Schäuble, Wolfgang, 171
PDS (Party of Democratic Socialism),
207 Schlierer, Rolf, 22, 23, 67, 201, 205
peace activism. See eco-pax movement Schmitt, Carl, 163–165, 176
Penz, Lothar, 130, 134 Schoenichen, Walter, 103–105, 111,
Pilch, Herbert, 25 187
pollution, 5, 29, 44, 46, 56, 62, 66, Scholz, Rupert, 171
76, 77, 83, 103, 160, 172–174, Schönhuber, Franz, 21, 22, 77, 161,
177, 184, 185, 188, 206, 207, 201
209 Schultze-Naumburg, Paul, 95, 96, 98,
postmaterialism, 16, 47, 48, 115, 102, 103
119, 192, 194, 196 Schwab, Günther, 34, 35, 113, 114
Progress Party (Denmark), 183 SD (Swiss Democrats), 183, 184
Progress Party (Norway), 183 SDS (German Socialist Student
Association), 122, 144
SdV/NRAO (The People’s Cause/
R National Revolutionary
Radical Right, 56, 129, 136 Reconstruction Organization),
parties, election results, 208 25, 130, 134
voting base, 201 Seeger, Wolfgang, 136, 160
RAN (Reich Agency for the Seifert, Alwin, 96, 98, 106, 107, 110,
Protection of Nature), 103, 106 111
Rasputin, Valentin, 184, 185 SINUS study, 195, 199
REPs (Republicans), 16, 21–23, 25, Social Darwinism, 99
27, 30, 33, 35, 43–45, 63, 64, SPD (Social-Democratic Party of
66, 67, 69, 72, 73, 77, 144, 155, Germany), 33, 45, 66, 77, 161,
157, 161, 168, 170, 171, 194, 168, 169, 194, 199, 205, 206,
199–201, 203, 205, 206 208
reunification, 23, 140, 147, 155, Spengler, Oswald, 69
157–160, 166, 198, 199, 207 Spontis , 124
222 INDEX
Springman, Baldur, 24, 25, 76, 127, Venohr, Wolfgang, 71, 72, 74
202 village writers, 184
Stoiber, Edmund, 171, 173, 206, 208 Vlaams Blok, 15, 17, 18, 182
Stöss, Richard, 111, 112, 128, 129, Volkskonservatismus , 140
139, 140
Strauß, Botho, 163, 203, 204
Strauß, Franz-Josef, 21, 154 W
Strelow, Heinz-Siegfried, 25, 26 Waechter, Antoine, 187
SVB (Solidaristic People’s Waigel, Theo, 30, 159, 206
Movement), 130 Walser, Martin, 203–205
Wandervogel , 93, 108
T WAR (White Aryan Resistance), 185
Taguieff, Pierre-André, 47, 132 Weikersheim Study Center, 155
Thule-net, 200 Weissman, Karlheinz, 47, 165, 166,
Thule Society, 8, 98, 106 204
Todt, Fritz, 106 Wiepking-Jürgensmann, H.F., 110,
two-track decision, 122, 141–143, 111
145, 154 Wir Selbst , 25, 135
WSL (World Federation for the
Protection of Life), 27, 34–36,
U 44, 60, 67, 85, 113, 114, 127,
Überfremdung , 29, 77, 128, 170, 173 128, 147
Union Parties. See CDU; CSU
UÖD (Independent Ecologists of
Germany), 23, 25–27, 30, 31, Y
33–35, 44, 60, 61, 64, 65, 69, Yugoslavia, 166, 170, 171
73–77, 144, 183, 203
V Z
Les Verts , 186, 187 Ziegler, Tilman, 73, 202
