PROJECT FILE

STREAMTUBE : A PLATFORM FOR

VIDEOS, SHORTS AND LIVE
STREAMING

SUBMITTED BY
Jatin Bedi (22303096)
Rahul Thakur (22303182)
Jatin Mahajan (22303099)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

Ms Rajvir Kaur

SARDAR BEANT SINGH STATE UNIVERSITY, GURDASPUR

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 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the work titled “StreamTube”, developed and submitted
by Jatin Bedi, Rahul Thakur, and Jatin Mahajan, is an original creation and has
not been copied, plagiarized, or reproduced from any other source, publication,
or platform. The work is a product of the team’s innovative efforts, showcasing
their dedication and skills in building an efficient, scalable, and user-friendly
platform for video streaming, shorts, and live streaming.

The project has been developed through extensive research, analysis, and
design, leveraging the latest web technologies to ensure high performance and
an exceptional user experience. The undersigned team has meticulously crafted
each feature, from the backend architecture to the frontend design, ensuring the
project aligns with the objectives of delivering a high-quality platform.

Furthermore, the undersigned affirms that the project adheres to the highest
ethical standards of originality and intellectual property rights. Any references
or contributions from external sources, such as libraries, frameworks, or third-
party services (e.g., Cloudinary for media management and MongoDB for
database solutions), have been appropriately acknowledged, and all necessary
permissions for the use of third-party materials have been duly obtained.

The undersigned takes full responsibility for the originality and authenticity of
the work and assures that no part of the project has been directly copied or
reproduced from any other source without proper attribution. The work has been
undertaken with integrity and a commitment to academic and professional
standards, and it represents the original ideas and hard work of the project team.

This certificate serves as a declaration of the authenticity of the work and

assures that the project complies with all applicable intellectual property and
copyright laws. Any resemblance to existing projects or works is purely
coincidental, and the undersigned team affirms that the "StreamTube" platform
is an innovative and independent creation.

Signature to approval

……………………….

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 AKCNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly, I express my heartiest thanks and gratefulness to almighty God for His
divine blessing makes us possible to complete the project work successfully.

I really grateful and wish my profound my indebtedness to Supervisor Ms

Rajvir Kaur, Associate Professor, Department of CSE Sardar Beant Singh
State University,Gurdaspur Deep Knowledge & keen interest of my supervisor
in the field of web applications has helped me enormously to carry out this
project. His endless patience, scholarly guidance, continual encouragement,
constant and energetic supervision, constructive criticism, valuable advice,
reading many inferior drafts and correcting them at all stage have made it
possible to complete this project.

I would like to express my heartiest gratitude to Ms Rajvir Kaur, Department

of CSE, for his kind help to finish my project.

I would also generously welcome each one of those individuals who have
helped me straight forwardly or in a roundabout way in making this project a
win. In this unique situation, I might want to thank the various staff
individuals, both educating and non-instructing, which have developed their
convenient help and facilitated my undertaking.

Finally, I must acknowledge with due respect the constant support and patients
of my parents.

Jatin Bedi (22303096)

Rahul Thakur (22303182)

Jatin Mahajan (22303099)

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 INDEX

1 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY 2
2 AKCNOWLEDGEMENT 3
3 ABSTRACT 5
4 Chapter 1:INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Overview 6-8
1.2 Problem Statement 9
1.3 Objectives 10
1.4 Scope of the Project 11-12
1.5 Methodology 13-14
1.6 Tools and Technologies User 15-17
5 Chapter 2:Literature Survey 18-20
6 Chapter 3: System Development 21-29
7 Chapter 4: Performance Analysis 30-36
8 Chapter 5:Conclusion 37-39
9 REFERENCE 40-41

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 ABSTRACT
The rapid rise in digital media consumption has transformed video content into
the most dominant form of online engagement. To address the growing demand
for versatile video platforms, StreamTube has been developed as an all-in-one
web-based application that supports long-form videos, short videos (shorts), and
live streaming. The platform integrates features such as video uploads, real-time
live comments, personalized user profiles, and dynamic search functionalities,
aiming to enhance user interaction and content discovery.

Built using a modern technology stack—Node.js for backend processing,

Next.js for a responsive frontend, MongoDB for scalable data management, and
Cloudinary for efficient media storage—StreamTube ensures a seamless and
immersive viewing experience. With additional tools like WebSockets for real-
time data exchange and Radix UI for a visually engaging interface, the project
emphasizes performance, user engagement, and scalability.

StreamTube aspires to become a community-driven, content-rich environment

that bridges creators and audiences through intuitive features and real-time
interaction.

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 Chapter 1:INTRODUCTION
Project Title: StreamTube: A Platform for Video Streaming, Shorts, and Live
Streaming

1.1 Project Overview:

The project titled StreamTube is a web-based application designed to provide a

seamless experience for users who want to watch and interact with video
content, including long-form videos, shorts, and live streams. It combines the
best features of existing video streaming platforms, offering users the ability to
upload, view, and interact with a wide variety of video content in a user-friendly
interface. With an emphasis on providing a dynamic and engaging platform,
StreamTube facilitates content sharing through video uploading, commenting,
liking, sharing, and live streaming features.

In today’s fast-paced digital world, video content has become the most
consumed form of media. StreamTube aims to cater to the growing demand for
diverse video content by offering a platform that supports not only traditional
long-form video streaming but also short-form videos (like TikTok or YouTube
Shorts) and real-time live streaming. Whether users want to watch their favorite
video creators, interact with live events, or upload their own content,
StreamTube provides an all-in-one platform for entertainment and social
engagement.

This project is built with a vision to enhance the user experience by offering
personalized features such as live chats during streams, content
recommendations based on user preferences, and interactive engagement tools
like likes, comments, and shares. Users can subscribe to their favorite content
creators, stay updated with their latest videos, and even participate in live
events, creating a rich, community-driven environment

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To support its broad range of features, StreamTube is developed using a
modern, modular tech stack. The backend is powered by Node.js, enabling
efficient handling of asynchronous operations essential for smooth video
uploads and live streaming. The use of WebSockets enhances real-time
capabilities, particularly for live comments and streaming, delivering a
responsive and engaging user experience. On the frontend, Next.js ensures fast
rendering and optimal performance, while Radix UI provides a robust
foundation for crafting visually appealing and accessible components.

For media management, StreamTube integrates Cloudinary, a cloud-based

solution that handles video storage, compression, and delivery. This ensures that
videos are not only securely stored but also optimized for various devices and
bandwidths. MongoDB serves as the primary database, offering flexibility for
storing unstructured data such as user profiles, video metadata, comments, tags,
and more.

From a user interaction standpoint, the platform includes essential features like
search functionality, tag-based categorization, thumbnail customization, and
profile management. Creators can organize their content for maximum
visibility, while viewers can easily discover content aligned with their interests.
This bi- directional interaction promotes organic growth and engagement across
the platform.

StreamTube is also designed with scalability in mind. As user activity grows,

the system architecture supports horizontal scaling, ensuring consistent
performance under high traffic conditions. Additionally, secure authentication
mechanisms and role-based access control ensure user data protection and
content moderation.

The platform's future scope includes implementing advanced features such as:

 AI-driven content recommendation engines.

 Monetization tools for content creators.

 Analytics dashboards to track viewer engagement.

 Multi-language support and localization.

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  Progressive Web App (PWA) capabilities for mobile users.

By combining modern technology with a user-first approach, StreamTube aspires

to become a competitive and comprehensive alternative in the digital video
landscape, capable of supporting creators and audiences from diverse
backgrounds and content preferences.

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 1.2 Problem Statement
Most existing platforms (e.g., YouTube, TikTok, Instagram) focus only on one
or two types of video content, forcing users to switch between apps for long-
form videos, shorts, or live streaming.

The lack of an all-in-one platform results in a fragmented user experience and

reduces convenience for both viewers and content creators.

Existing platforms often suffer from:

1.1.1 High latency in video delivery.

1.1.2 Limited real-time interaction (e.g., live comments or chats).

1.1.3 Poor personalization and recommendation systems.

1.1.4 Complex and cluttered user

interfaces. Content creators face

challenges in:

1.1.5 Managing and organizing multiple types of video content.

1.1.6 Reaching wider audiences efficiently.

1.1.7 Tracking detailed performance analytics.

1.1.8 Building a strong community within a single

ecosystem. There is a need for a scalable and unified

platform that:

1.1.9 Supports long-form videos, short clips, and live streaming.

1.1.10Offers real-time user interaction tools.

1.1.11Provides personalized content recommendations.

1.1.12Delivers a smooth, intuitive, and responsive user experience.

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1.3 Objectives
The primary objective of this project is to design and develop a full-featured,
user-centric web application that serves as an integrated platform for
video streaming, short-form video content, and real-time live
broadcasting. The rise of video as the dominant mode of content
consumption has created an urgent need for platforms that can effectively
cater to diverse content formats and creator needs. StreamTube addresses
this demand by aiming to unify long videos, shorts, and live streaming
within a single, interactive ecosystem that delivers a seamless viewing
and sharing experience.

One of the central goals of StreamTube is to empower content creators by

providing them with a scalable, intuitive platform where they can upload,
manage, and promote their video content. This includes allowing creators
to set thumbnails, add tags for better discoverability, and engage with
viewers through comments, likes, and live chat features. The platform
also aims to support real-time interaction during live streams, thus
offering creators a chance to connect directly with their audience in an
immersive, dynamic way. From the viewer’s perspective, StreamTube
aims to deliver personalized and engaging experiences. Features like
smart content recommendations based on user behavior, trending videos,
and a clean user interface help improve content discoverability and
enhance user satisfaction. Another important objective is to ensure the
platform is responsive and accessible across various devices, including
desktops, tablets, and smartphones.

On the technical side, the objective is to develop a robust backend using

Node.js capable of handling a high volume of concurrent users and data
transactions. Efficient media handling, real-time streaming capabilities,
and scalable architecture are also primary goals. The project also seeks to
make use of cloud technologies like Cloudinary for efficient media
storage and optimization, ensuring smooth playback and minimal
buffering.

Lastly, StreamTube is designed with future expansion in mind. As part of its

long-term vision, the platform aims to integrate monetization tools for
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creators, provide analytics dashboards, introduce AI-driven
recommendation systems, and support localization and multi-language
functionality to cater to a global user base.

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1.4 Scope of the Project
The scope of the StreamTube project extends from building a basic video
sharing website to deploying a fully functional, scalable, and interactive
video content platform. At its core, the platform is intended to support three
major categories of content: long-form videos (such as tutorials, vlogs, or
movies), short-form videos (similar to TikTok or YouTube Shorts), and real-
time live streams. Unlike traditional video platforms that often specialize in
just one of these formats, StreamTube aims to bring them together in a single,
cohesive solution.

The platform will support essential features like user registration, secure login,
video uploading, content management, real-time commenting, and search
functionality. It will allow users to manage their profiles, upload video content
with relevant metadata such as titles, descriptions, and tags, and set custom
thumbnails to enhance the visual appeal of their content. Viewers, on the other
hand, will be able to like, comment on, and share content across various social
platforms, contributing to organic growth and community engagement.

The scope includes the use of modern web development technologies to ensure
high performance and scalability. The frontend is to be developed using Next.js,
known for its fast server-side rendering capabilities and SEO optimization,
while the backend will be powered by Node.js, allowing asynchronous
processing of user requests and efficient server-side operations. The project will
also leverage MongoDB, a NoSQL database, to store user data, video metadata,
and user interactions in a flexible, schema-less structure that supports rapid
development and easy scalability.

The use of WebSockets for live streaming is another core component of the
project. WebSockets will facilitate real-time data transmission between the
server and clients, enabling live video delivery and live chat during streaming
sessions. Videos will be stored and delivered using Cloudinary, a cloud-based

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media platform that provides efficient video transcoding, thumbnail generation,
and optimized content delivery through a global CDN.

Although the current scope is limited to building a functional prototype with all
core features, the project architecture will be designed with scalability and
extensibility in mind. Future enhancements such as multi-language support,
monetization features for content creators, user analytics dashboards, AI-based
content curation, and progressive web app (PWA) support will be considered.
Additionally, measures for data protection, user privacy, and content
moderation will also be outlined as part of long-term development.

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1.5 Methodology
The development methodology for StreamTube is based on an iterative and
modular approach, combining elements of Agile development and full-stack
web engineering practices. This methodology ensures that the project progresses
through a series of well-defined phases, each contributing incrementally to the
overall system’s development. Each phase—ranging from requirement analysis
to deployment—has been carefully structured to address both functional needs
and performance goals.

The first stage of the methodology is Requirement Analysis, where the team
conducted detailed research on existing video platforms such as YouTube,
Instagram Reels, and TikTok. This helped identify key user expectations and
feature gaps. The findings were translated into clear functional and non-
functional requirements. This phase also involved understanding user personas,
the typical flow of interaction, and the technical feasibility of integrating
multiple video types within a single platform.

Next came the System Design phase, where architectural decisions were made.
The application was divided into frontend, backend, and database layers, each
with clearly defined responsibilities. The frontend, built using Next.js, was
chosen for its performance benefits and server-side rendering capabilities. The
backend, using Node.js, was tasked with handling APIs, user authentication,
data processing, and real-time communication via WebSockets. The database
layer was powered by MongoDB, chosen for its flexibility and ease of scaling,
particularly for storing user profiles, video metadata, and interaction logs.

In the Development phase, the team worked on implementing core

functionalities in successive iterations. Initial tasks included building user
registration and login systems, profile management, and the video upload
module. Following that, short video and live stream modules were added, along
with real-time comment integration. The development process included regular
code reviews, testing sprints, and integration sessions to ensure a stable build.

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Testing was a critical part of the development methodology. Unit testing
was conducted for individual components such as API routes, media upload
handling, and user session management. Integration testing ensured that
different modules—frontend, backend, and media storage—worked together
seamlessly. Special attention was given to testing live stream functionality
under different network conditions to ensure smooth performance.

Finally, in the Deployment phase, the application was hosted using Vercel
for the frontend and a cloud-based server for the backend. Cloudinary
integration was verified for video uploads and playback. Proper
configuration files, environment variables, and secure connections were
implemented to prepare the system for production use.

This structured methodology allowed the team to manage complexity,

address technical challenges iteratively, and deliver a functional, scalable,
and user-friendly platform in a systematic manner.

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1.6 Tools and Technologies Used
A variety of tools and technologies were utilized in the development of
StreamTube, each chosen based on its suitability for modern web application
development, performance optimization, and ease of integration. This full-stack
project required technologies spanning across frontend development, backend
services, database management, media processing, and real-time
communication.

On the Frontend, the team employed Next.js, a React-based framework that

offers powerful features such as server-side rendering, routing, and automatic
static optimization. Next.js was chosen for its ability to build fast, SEO-friendly
pages while maintaining the flexibility of React components. Alongside this,
Radix UI was used as a component library to ensure that the user interface was
visually consistent, accessible, and easy to interact with. Radix allowed
developers to create reusable UI elements such as modals, dialogs, and
dropdowns with minimal code while adhering to design best practices.

For Backend Development, Node.js served as the foundation. Its non-blocking,

event-driven architecture is ideal for handling real-time data and I/O-heavy
tasks such as video uploads and streaming. APIs were developed using
Express.js, a lightweight framework that simplifies routing and request
handling. Additionally, WebSockets were used to enable real-time
functionalities such as live streaming and live chat. This made it possible to
deliver a highly interactive user experience, especially during live broadcasts
where latency and responsiveness are critical.

The Database layer was managed using MongoDB, a document-oriented

NoSQL database that offers flexible schema design. MongoDB was selected for
its ability to efficiently handle various types of unstructured data, including user
profiles, comments, video tags, and engagement metrics. Its scalability and
integration with Node.js also made it ideal for a media-heavy application like
StreamTube.

For Media Storage and Delivery, the team integrated Cloudinary, a cloud-
based media management platform. Cloudinary was essential for handling video
uploads, storage, thumbnail generation, and adaptive streaming. It supports
automatic video transcoding into multiple formats, which is vital for optimizing
playback across different devices and bandwidths. It also provides a content
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delivery network (CDN) to ensure fast media access globally.

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Other essential tools included Postman for API testing and validation, Visual
Studio Code (VS Code) as the primary development environment, and GitHub
for version control and collaboration. The frontend was deployed on Vercel,
which provided an easy-to-use deployment pipeline and instant build previews
for frontend development.

Collectively, these tools and technologies ensured that StreamTube was built
using a robust, maintainable, and scalable stack, capable of handling current
project requirements and future growth.

Backend:

o Node.js is used for backend development, allowing for a fast and

scalable web application. It enables efficient handling of
asynchronous requests and smooth video streaming.

o Websockets are used to create live video and live comments in this
project. Its limitation depends upon hardware of server. Video
frames are sent one by one after converting them into text on
sender's side.The text is compressed and sent to the viewer. On
viewer's side it is decompressed again & converted back to frame.
New frames replace old ones giving illusion of a video.

Frontend:

o Next.js is used for frontend development, ensuring a fast, user-

friendly interface. The server-side rendering of Next.js enhances
the platform's performance and search engine optimization (SEO).

o Radix UI is a react component library which is used to make

website aesthetic and to do styling.

Database:

o MongoDB is integrated into the backend to store and manage

dynamic data, including user information, video
metadata,comments, live streams, and more. Its flexibility with
schema design makes it ideal for a video streaming platform.
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o Cloudinary is used for storing and managing all the videos and
thumbnails. Videos are uploaded to Cloudinary, where they are
stored efficiently, and thumbnails are generated and stored for
quick retrieval. Cloudinary's powerful features allow for seamless
delivery and transcoding of media files, making it a perfect
solution for video hosting and optimization.

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 Chapter 2: Literature Survey
The evolution of video streaming platforms over the past decade has been
significant, with the growing dominance of multimedia consumption driving
continuous technological advancements. This literature survey aims to explore
existing research, technologies, and platforms in the domain of video streaming,
short-form content, and live broadcasting. It provides insight into the strengths
and limitations of current solutions and establishes the foundation for the
development of StreamTube.

2.1 Overview of Existing Video Streaming Platforms

The global video streaming landscape is dominated by platforms such as
YouTube, TikTok, Instagram Reels, Twitch, and Facebook Live. These
platforms have contributed significantly to shaping user behavior in content
consumption.
 YouTube, launched in 2005, is the most established video-sharing
platform, offering long-form videos, monetization options, and a massive
creator ecosystem. It supports HD and 4K streaming, with advanced
algorithms for content recommendations. However, its focus has
traditionally been on long-form videos, with short video features like
YouTube Shorts introduced only recently.
 TikTok, a mobile-first platform launched in 2016, pioneered the trend of
short-form vertical videos. It became immensely popular due to its simple
video creation tools and AI-driven feed. While powerful in terms of
engagement, TikTok does not natively support long-form videos or live
events with robust interaction features like scheduled broadcasts.
 Instagram Reels and Facebook Live also cater to short-form and live
content respectively. Instagram has integrated Reels into its social
platform, focusing more on social sharing and reach. Facebook Live allows
users to stream real-time videos, but it lacks the standalone infrastructure
and flexibility required by professional content creators.
 Twitch, primarily used for game streaming, offers real-time interaction
through chat and monetization for streamers. It is, however, heavily niche-
focused, mainly targeting gaming and tech content.
From these observations, it is clear that while existing platforms are powerful,
none offer a unified, fully-featured environment for long videos, shorts, and live
content with equal emphasis. StreamTube is proposed to bridge this gap by
combining the strengths of these platforms into a single, user-friendly web
application.
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2.2 Key Technologies in Video Streaming
Various technologies support the development of modern video platforms.
Research and case studies on these technologies reveal how they are applied
across systems.
 Streaming Protocols: The most widely used protocols include HLS
(HTTP Live Streaming), RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol), and
WebRTC. HLS, developed by Apple, is preferred for its adaptive bitrate
streaming and compatibility with mobile devices. RTMP, while older, is
still commonly used for ingesting live streams. WebRTC is increasingly
used for low-latency, peer-to-peer live interactions.
 WebSockets: A key technology for real-time data exchange. Platforms like
Twitch and YouTube Live use WebSocket-based infrastructure to support
live chat and event-driven data like viewer counts or reactions.
 Cloud Media Services: Services like Cloudinary, AWS Media Services,
and Mux offer video transcoding, storage, and CDN capabilities. These
services optimize video delivery, reduce latency, and improve user
experience. Cloudinary, in particular, offers easy integration for developers
working with frontend frameworks like React or Next.js.
 Databases: Modern platforms typically rely on NoSQL databases such as
MongoDB or Firebase due to their flexibility in handling multimedia
metadata, user activity logs, and real-time data. Relational databases are
less common in this domain because of their rigid schema.

2.3 Related Academic Research

Several academic studies have explored the challenges in video streaming, such
as bandwidth optimization, load balancing, and user engagement models.
 A study published in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (2020) highlighted
the growing need for adaptive streaming systems that balance quality with
user bandwidth constraints. This is particularly relevant for mobile-first
users.
 Research into Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) has demonstrated the
importance of edge caching for minimizing video load times and
improving playback continuity. CDNs are now considered essential for any
global-scale streaming service.
 Studies on User Engagement in Live Streaming (ACM Digital Library,
2019) have shown that real-time chat, comment systems, and viewer
interaction significantly boost watch time and return visits. Platforms that
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 provide interactive live experiences show higher user retention.
 Surveys on short-form video consumption patterns (Harvard Business
Review, 2021) reveal that users prefer content under 60 seconds due to
lower attention spans and the appeal of quick entertainment. Platforms
integrating both short and long content fare better in user engagement and
content lifecycle.

2.4 Gaps in Existing Platforms

Despite their success, existing platforms present several limitations:
 Feature Fragmentation: Users often need to use multiple platforms (e.g.,
YouTube for long videos, TikTok for shorts, Twitch for live streams),
which affects continuity and content flow.
 Limited Real-Time Interaction in Non-Live Content: While live videos
support interaction, traditional videos often lack real-time engagement
options.
 Complex Interfaces: Some platforms have overly complex interfaces,
especially for content creators managing multiple types of content.
 Creator Dependence on Algorithms: The discoverability of content is
highly dependent on opaque recommendation algorithms, which limits fair
exposure.

2.5 Justification for StreamTube

Based on the literature review and comparative analysis, there is a clear need for
a comprehensive platform like StreamTube. It proposes to integrate the best
aspects of existing platforms into a unified system, focusing equally on user
experience, content diversity, and creator empowerment. With real-time features
powered by WebSockets, scalable backend using Node.js, optimized media
delivery via Cloudinary, and a user-focused frontend built on Next.js,
StreamTube aims to deliver a seamless and modern video-sharing experience.
This literature survey demonstrates not only the technological foundation
required to build such a platform but also validates the market need and user
demand for an all-in-one solution for video consumption and interaction.
.

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 Chapter 3: System Development

3.1 Development Methodology

The development of StreamTube adhered to the Systems Development Life Cycle
(SDLC), encompassing stages such as requirement analysis, system design,
implementation, testing, and deployment. This structured approach ensured that each
phase built upon the previous one, facilitating a coherent and efficient development
process.

3.2 Requirement Analysis

An initial analysis identified the need for a unified platform supporting long-form
videos, short clips, and live streaming. Key requirements included user
authentication, video upload and playback capabilities, real-time chat during live
streams, and a responsive user interface compatible with various devices.

3.3 System Design

The system architecture was designed to be modular and scalable. The frontend was
developed using Next.js for server-side rendering and improved performance. Radix
UI provided accessible and customizable components, enhancing the user experience.
The backend utilized Node.js for handling asynchronous operations efficiently.
MongoDB was chosen for its flexibility in managing unstructured data like user
profiles and video metadata.

3.4 Media Handling and Streaming

For media storage and delivery, Cloudinary was integrated to handle video uploads,
transformations, and adaptive streaming. Real-time functionalities, such as live chat
during streams, were implemented using WebSockets, ensuring low-latency
communication between users and the server.

3.5 Development Process

The development process was iterative, starting with core functionalities like user
registration and video uploading. Subsequent iterations introduced features such as
live streaming, short video support, and real-time interactions. Regular testing phases
were conducted to identify and rectify bugs, ensuring system reliability and
performance.

3.6 Testing and Deployment

Comprehensive testing, including unit, integration, and user acceptance tests, was
performed to validate system functionality. The application was deployed using
Vercel for the frontend and a Node.js-compatible hosting service for the backend.
Environment variables and secure configurations were managed to protect sensitive
data.

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3.7 Illustrative Diagrams:
To further elucidate the system development process, the following diagrams can be
referenced:

1. Streaming Media System Architecture Diagram:

This diagram illustrates the components involved in a typical streaming media

system, including client devices, media servers, transcoding servers, and content
delivery networks.

2. Video Streaming System Data Flow Diagram:

This data flow diagram showcases the flow of data within a video streaming system,
highlighting processes such as video upload, processing, and delivery to end-users.

3. Live Streaming Architecture Diagram:

This diagram provides a detailed view of a live streaming architecture, depicting the
interaction between components like the encoder, ingestion server, CDN, and player.

These diagrams serve to visually represent the system's architecture and data flow,
complementing the textual descriptions provided in this chapter.
If you require further elaboration on any section or assistance with subsequent
chapters, feel free to ask!

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3.8 Project Structure

 Frontend:

This is the whole Front End structure of our application. We have used
different components for different objects

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 Backend:

 Database:
A database is an organized collection of data that is stored and accessed
electronically, often in a structured format for easy retrieval and management.
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 frontend package:

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  backend package:

3.9 Project Main Code

The main code of the StreamTube project handles the core functionalities such as
video uploading, streaming, short video playback, and live streaming. It integrates a
backend (e.g., Node.js or Django) for API management and a frontend (e.g.,
React.js) for user interaction. The system manages user authentication, video
encoding, and real-time data handling for live content. It also connects to a database
for storing user profiles, video metadata, and playback history. Efficient media
handling and responsive UI design are key to providing a smooth streaming
experience.

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 Chapter 4:Performance Analysis

Code execution-:
After the implementation of the code as above, we ran the application on
localhost
: 3000 and backend is running on http://localhost:3000/ .

Output /Screenshots -:
First page:

Search result:

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Video -1:

Video-2:

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Shorts:

SideBar:

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User Di Profile:

Uplode File:
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Create New Account:

Login:

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Live Steam UI:

Live Sream:
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Live Steam Seaction:

Live steamer:

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 Chapter 5:CONCLUSION
StreamTube was conceptualized and developed as a comprehensive video
streaming platform aimed at delivering a seamless, interactive, and engaging
experience for both content creators and viewers. In a digital era where video
content dominates online media consumption, StreamTube positions itself as a
next-generation solution that merges the essential features of long-form video
sharing, short video reels, and real-time live streaming into a single, unified
platform. The goal was to create a flexible, scalable, and technologically advanced
system that is both easy to use and capable of handling a high volume of data and
concurrent user activity.

At the heart of StreamTube lies a robust technology stack that includes Node.js for
efficient backend services, Next.js for high-performance server-side rendering and
SEO-friendly architecture, MongoDB as a NoSQL database solution for dynamic
content management, WebSockets for real-time interactivity, and Cloudinary for
optimized media storage and delivery. Each technology has been carefully chosen
to ensure that the platform meets modern standards of performance, scalability,
and maintainability. The integration of Radix UI further enhances the frontend
user experience, ensuring accessibility and visual consistency across all user
interfaces.

One of the distinguishing aspects of StreamTube is its support for three types of
content: traditional long-form videos, fast and engaging short videos (similar to
Reels or Shorts), and real-time live streaming. These content formats cater to
various user needs—from in-depth tutorials and vlogs to short entertainment clips
and live Q&A sessions. The platform’s real-time comment system, powered by
WebSockets, encourages active engagement during live broadcasts and video
premieres, fostering a sense of community and immediacy among users.

Another significant feature is the recommendation system, which enhances

content discoverability. While currently based on simple metadata and engagement
metrics, the system lays the groundwork for future integration of AI-driven
personalization. This will allow the platform to deliver highly relevant content to
users based on their preferences, watch history, and behavior patterns—similar to
major industry players.

StreamTube's use of a NoSQL database like MongoDB allows for scalable and
dynamic data management. This flexibility is crucial for handling user-generated
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content, varying video metadata, comment threads, and streaming data. Unlike
traditional relational databases, MongoDB’s schema-less structure aligns well with
the unpredictable nature of social platforms where new data types and formats may
be introduced over time.

In terms of media handling, Cloudinary plays a vital role in managing video

uploads, conversions, storage, and delivery. Videos are automatically optimized
for different devices and bandwidth conditions, ensuring smooth playback
experiences regardless of device type or network strength. The use of adaptive
bitrate streaming further contributes to minimal buffering and improved viewing
quality.

Security and user management are integral components of StreamTube. The

platform implements user authentication, role-based access control, and secure
media access tokens to ensure that content is protected and accessible only to
authorized users. These mechanisms not only safeguard creator content but also
help manage user behavior and enforce community guidelines.

One of the critical architectural strengths of StreamTube is its modular and

scalable design. Built on microservices principles, each major feature—such as
video processing, live chat, user profiles, and notifications—can be scaled
independently. This approach is beneficial as the user base grows, ensuring the
system remains responsive under high traffic and increasing data loads.

Looking ahead, StreamTube offers immense potential for growth and innovation.
The platform is well-positioned to introduce features such as:

 AI-powered recommendations and content moderation

 Advanced analytics for creators, including audience insights, engagement

trends, and monetization tracking

 Payment integration and monetization tools like ads, subscriptions, or

tipping

 Cross-platform mobile apps for a seamless omnichannel experience

 Support for multi-language and regional content filtering, broadening its

global reach

In conclusion, StreamTube successfully achieves its vision of delivering a multi-

functional, high-performance video platform built on modern web technologies. It
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demonstrates how emerging technologies can be combined thoughtfully to create
an engaging digital product that balances user needs, performance requirements,
and scalability. The project serves not only as a functional product but also as a
learning milestone in full-stack development, cloud integration, and real-time
system design.

The strong architectural foundation, extensible feature set, and scalable backend
make StreamTube a viable candidate for real-world deployment and future
commercial growth. With continuous development and integration of cutting-edge
features, StreamTube holds the promise of evolving into a competitive alternative
in the global video-sharing and streaming ecosystem.

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