NATIONAL TEXTILE UNIVERSITY

BS TEXTILE ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LAB MANUAL

TT-3066

SEWN PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

6TH SEMESTER
 List of Labs
Lab Title
1 Analysis of different stitch classes
2 Analysis of different types of seams
3 Sewn product analysis of garment top
4 Sewn product analysis of garment bottom
5 Development of process flow chart
6 Development of multiple activity chart
7 Development of two handed chart
8 Calculation of average cycle time of stitching operation
9 Calculation of Basic time of stitching operation
Calculation of Standard Allowed Minutes for stitching
10 operations
11 Operation break down of T shirt
12 Operation break down of Jeans
13 Operation break down of Polo shirt
14 Calculations of Thread consumption of shirt
15 Calculations of Thread Consumption of jean
 National Textile University

BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 01
Analysis of different type of stitches

Name of Student:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………..3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…4

THEORY……………………………………………………………………….....4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE……………………………………………….5

RESULTS……………………………………………………………………..….5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………………6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
 ABSTRACT

For understanding the garment it is important to understand seams and stitches. These
are the basic through which the apparel engineer must be familiarized. This will help
Apparel Technologists to apply their knowledge and concept in establishing the layout
of articles and product development.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE:

TO OBSERVE THE DIFFERENT STITCH TYPES.

1.2 BACKGROUND:

The main purpose of performing this experiment is to know the different classes of stitches, and
how many threads of needles, loopers, and spreaders are used in it. After performing that
experiment we are able to differentiate between different types of stitches and we are able to
know which stitch is required on which part of the garment. Thus the studying the stitch classes
can be very useful in observing and constructing the garment correctly and efficiently.

1.3 THEORY:

SR. NO. STITCH CLASS STITCH CODES STITCH DIAGRAM

1. 100 101 TO 105

2. 200 201 TO 205

3. 300 301 TO 316

4. 400 401 TO 407

5. 500 501 TO 521

6. 600 601 TO 607

 2 . EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

•Swatches of fabric
•Lock stitch machine
•Over lock machine
•Flat lock machine
•Pair of Scissors

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• Pick up two pieces of fabric and apply lock stitch of class 300 with the help of lock stitch
machine
• Pick two swatches of fabric and then apply class 400 multi thread chain stitch with the
help of flat lock machine
• Pick two pieces of fabric and apply class 500 mock safety stitch with the help of 4 thread
overlock machine
• Pick two pieces of fabric and apply Class 500, safety stitch with the help of 5 thread
overlock machine
• Pick two pieces of fabric and apply class 600, cover stitch with the help of flat lock
machine.

4. RESULTS:

Sr Stitch No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of Stitch Uses

. class threads needle looper spreader bobbin diagram
n threads/co threads/col threads/ threads/
o. lor or color color
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
5. DISCUSSION:

The different types of stitches fabric precisely and accurately. Class 300 was formed with the
help of lock stitch machine in which two thread were used. In case of lock stitch, two threads
were used i.e. upper needle thread and lower bobbin thread. For class 400, flat lock machine
was used and two needles and one lopper was used. For class 500, Mock safety stitch, four
thread over lock machine was used in which two needle and two looper (upper looper and
lower looper was used). For class 500, overlock or over edge stitch or safety stitch, 5 threads
were used which consist of 2 needles and three loopers. For class 600, cover stitch, 2 needles and
one spreader and one looper was used.

6. CONCLUISON:

Understanding and classification of different types of stitches is very important for analysis of
garment

7. REFERENCES:

⚫ Lab demonstration
 National Textile University

BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 02
Analysis of different types of seam classes

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………..3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…4

THEORY……………………………………………………………………….....4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENTA PROCEDURE ……………………………………………… 4

RESULTS…………………………………………………………..….................5

DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………5

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 5
 ABSTRACT

For understanding the garment it is important to understand seams. These are the basic
through which the apparel engineer must be familiarized. This will help Apparel
Engineer to apply their knowledge and concept in establishing the layout of articles
and product development.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE:

TO ANALYZE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SEAMS ON THE FABRIC.

1.2 BACKGROUND:

The first question is that what is the purpose of performing that experiment. After performing
that experiment we are able to differentiate between different types of seams and we are able to
know which seam is required on which part of the garment. By studying the seam classes we are
able to tell about which seam class is used in attaching the collar, attaching the back and front
panel, attaching the sleeve, or attaching the pocket and other parts of the garments. Thus the
studying the seam classes are very useful in observing and constructing the garment correctly
and efficiently.

1.3 THEORY:

There are different classes of seams

• Superimposed seam
• Lapped seam
• Bound Seam
• Flat seam

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Fabric swatches
• Lock stitch machine, over lock machine and flat lock machine

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• Pick two pieces of fabric and superimpose these two pieces over each other and apply
Superimposed seam with lock stitch machine
• Pick two pieces of fabric and then apply lapped seam by overlapped seam by joining
two pieces of fabric overlapping at the needle
• Pick two swatches of fabric and apply bound seam by binding one piece of fabric as it
encompasses the edge of one or more pieces of fabric
• Pick two pieces of fabric and sew it together by not overlapping them
 5. RESULTS:

SR. NO. M/C TYPE SEAM TYPE SEAM DIAGRAM

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

6. DISCUSSION:

7. CONCLUSION:

The different types of seams are observed and applied on the fabric precisely and accurately.

8. REFERENCES:

⚫ Lab demonstration
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 03
Sewn Product Analysis of garment Top

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
 ABSTRACT

The main purpose of analysis of garment Top is to familiarize the students with the different
types of seams and stitches in the garment Top. In this way, they can easily identify which type
of seams and stitches are applied to different operations in Garment Top. This will also help them
to identify which machine is used for different operations.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with different types of stitches and seams used in T shirt or shirt.

1.2 THEORY:

Seams and stitches are the basics which an Apparel engineer must understand and if he cannot
distinguish between seams and stitches he will not be able to perform the requirements of
Apparel industry and he will not be able to fulfill the requirements of the customer. Analysis of
garment will help Apparel Engineer in product development.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• A garment Top (T shirt)
• Seam opener
• A pair of Scissor

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up the t shirt and analyze it carefully and identify each stitch and seam in the operation.
Seams can be identified by opening the seam with seam opener and stitches can be identified by
looking the front and back portion of the t shirt. Seams are applied where two panels are met and
stitching is applied to the single ply of fabric.
4. RESULTS:

ANALYSIS OF TOP GARMENT (T - SHIRT)

 SR. NO. OPERATION STITCH TYPE AND SEAM TYPE AND CLASS
CLASS

5. DISCUSSION:

6. CONCLUSIONS

7. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 04
Sewn Product Analysis of garment Bottom

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
 ABSTRACT

The main purpose of analysis of garment Top is to familiarize the students with the different
types of seams and stitches in the garment bottom. In this way, they can easily identify which
type of seams and stitches are applied to different operations in Garment Bottom. This will also
help them to identify which machine is used for different operations.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with different types of stitches and seams used in Trouser

1.2 THEORY:

Seams and stitches are the basics which an Apparel engineer must understand and if he cannot
distinguish between seams and stitches he will not be able to perform the requirements of
Apparel industry and he will not be able to fulfill the requirements of the customer. Analysis of
garment will help Apparel Engineer in product development.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• A garment Top (T shirt)
• Seam opener
• A pair of Scissor

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up the Trouser and analyze it carefully and identify each stitch and seam in the operation.
Seams can be identified by opening the seam with seam opener and stitches can be identified by
looking the front and back portion of the Trouser. Seams are applied where two panels are met
and stitching is applied to the single ply of fabric.
4. RESULTS:

ANALYSIS OF BOTTOM TROUSER

 SR. NO. OPERATION STITCH TYPE AND SEAM TYPE AND CLASS
CLASS

9. DISCUSSION:

10. CONCLUSIONS

11. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 05
Development of Process Flow Chart
Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
 ABSTRACT

Process flow chart is graphical representation of operation, transportation, inspection, delays and
storage occurring during production. These charts gives information related to information
regarding distances moved and time required for different items. The main purpose of this
experiment is to get the students familiarize with development of process flow chart and after
preparation of flow process chart, a process or job can be analyzed step by step. Activities can be
eliminated in some cases, combined in others, rearranged for more effective processing or
simplified. The proposed new method is drawn in the chart.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with development of process flow chart

1.2 THEORY:

Process flow charts graphically depict representation of operation, transportation, inspection,

delays and storage occurring during production process. Process flow charts can be divided into:

(a) Flow process chart – Product Analysis: This is a graphic representation of different steps
involved in performing the work required to convert a product from one stage to another.

(b) Flow process chart – Man Analysis: This is a graphic representation of different steps; a
person performs when doing a job and his movement from one place to another in performing
that job.

(c) Flow process chart – Equipment Analysis: A flow process chart records how the equipment
is used. Until, unless clearly mentioned flow process chart refers to that of flow process chart
based on product (material) analysis.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Sewing machine and cutter

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Development of pattern after receiving tech pack from customer and it took 5 hours. Then cutting
of fabric takes place in 30 minutes. Later on, cut pieces are stored in racks for 1 hour. Afterwards,
stitching of pieces takes place in 20 minutes. Then finishing of stitched pieces took place in 20
minutes. Later on, finished garment undergoes quality control check for 10 minutes. Then these
pieces are sent to buyer for approval and it took 6 days for sample to reach buyer.
4. RESULTS
5. DISCUSSION:

The starting point of the activity is selected and is recorded briefly on the first line of the chart.
Every step or activity which occurs is then listed in proper sequence and with an accurate but
brief description. The transportation distance, the quantity of materials handled and the time each
activity taken are very useful information which may be given on the chart.

6. CONCLUSIONS

7. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 06
Development of Multiple Activity chart

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

Multiple activity charts are used to illustrate graphical activity of a man and machine that he is
attending against a time scale. A man–machine chart (multiple activity charts) records
simultaneously the activities of all the workers and machines on a common time scale and thus
shows inter relations between them. The main purpose of this experiment is to help students
understand the multiple activity chart and how they can develop this chart.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with development of multiple activity chart

THEORY:

This chart describes graphically the activity of a man and machine he is attending against a time
scale. Where a number of workers work in a group or an individual operator handles two or more
machine, their activities have to be coordinated for achieving proper results. A man–machine
chart (multiple activity charts) records simultaneously the activities of all the workers and
machines on a common time scale and thus shows inter relations between them.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

Garment
• Sewing machine and cutter

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Carefully observe the stitching operation. Determine the time for whole stitching operation.
Investigate the time for stitching operation. Measure the time for which remain idle. Calculate
the time in percentage time for machine stitching and running
4. RESULTS:

Stitching Running time

Pick, Align Idle time

and place

5. DISCUSSION:

The total stitching time was calculated and percentage of machine running time and machine idle

time was calculated. The greater the running time of machine, the lesser will be machine idle time.

6. CONCLUSIONS

This experiment gives us indication of how much time the machine remains idle.

7 REFERENCES:
• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012
•
.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 07
Development of Two Handed Process Chart

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

The two-handed process chart is a process chart in which the activities of a worker’s hands (or limbs) are
recorded in their relationship to one another. This chart is used to improve the motion sequence of an
operator. The preparation of this chart took place after studying the work place, arrangement of the work
and of the equipment while he is working
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with development of two handed process charts

1.2 THEORY:

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Sewing machine and cutter

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• Pick up the panel from one hand

• Place it near the needle
• Pick up the panel from other hand through table
• Place it on front panel
• Sew it
4. RESULTS:

Left Hand Symbol LH Right Hand Symbol Right Hand

Operation: It is used for the activities of grasp, position,

use, release of a tool, component or material.

Transportation: It is used to represent the movement of

the hand (or limb) to or from the work, a tool or material

Hold: It is used to present the activity of holding the work,

a tool or material – that is, when the hand being charted is
holding something

Delay: It is used to denote time during the hand or limb

being charted is idle (although the other may be in use).
5. DISCUSSION:

The movements of right, left and both hands are recorded systematically.

6. CONCLUSIONS

This experiment provide information about the utility of both hands during sewing operation.
This experiment tells us which hand is used most or least

7. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 8
Calculation of average single cycle time for stitching operations

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

The experiment is relating to time and motion study. In this experiment we use the micro
motion study. First we break the operation into its elements like pick, place, align, sew
and dispose. Then the time of each element is noted carefully and 3 to 4 observations are
taken. That experiment is very useful for increasing the production and increasing the
efficiency of the department.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with calculations of average cycle time with the help of time and motion
studies

1.2 THEORY:

Cycle time is defined as the time duration from the starting point of a job to the starting point of
the next job. This time is established from the observation data of an operator while working at a
certain pace. Mostly any operation in the garment department is divided in to four elements.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment swatch
• Sewing machine
• Stop watch

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• First of all carefully note the method of the operator.

• Then after analyzing the method define the elements.
• Then the time for picking the fabric and alignment was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then the time for sewing was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then again the time for changing the side of the fabric was noted.
• The time for sewing the other side of the fabric was noted.
• Then the time for removing the fabric from the machine was noted with the help of
stopwatch.
• Discard the reading which appears unusual.
• If the timing of element is too small that between 2 to 3 sec which is very difficult to
measure then combine this element with the previous or next element.

• Measure the average cycle time for each opersation

4. RESULTS:

ELEMENTS OBSERVATIONS (SEC) Average

1 2 3 4 5 Single
cycle
time(sec)

TOTAL

Average single cycle time in minutes = ASCT in Sec / 60

5. DISCUSSION:

Calculation of average single cycle time helps in determination of basic time and Standard
Allowed Minutes (SAM).

6. CONCLUSIONS

With the help of average single cycle time measurement, we can under stand which operation is
taking longer time and which is taking smaller amount of time.

7. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 9
Calculation of basic time for stitching operations

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

The experiment is relating to time and motion study. In this experiment we use the micro
motion study. First we break the operation into its elements like pick, place, align, sew
and dispose. Then the time of each element is noted carefully and 3 to 4 observations are
taken. That experiment is very useful for increasing the production and increasing the
efficiency of the department.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To familiarize students with calculations of Basic time of stitching operation with the help of time
and motion studies

1.2 THEORY:

Basic time of a job is determined by multiplying rating factor to the observed time (cycle time).
Basic time is also expressed as Normal time. Rating is the assessment of the worker’s rate of
working relative to the observer’s concept of the rate corresponding to standard pace.

Mostly any operation in the garment department is divided in to four elements.

i. Pick

ii. Align and place

iii. stitch

iv. Dispose

In first element we note the time which an operator is taken from picking the garment piece from
the bundle .

In second element we note the of placing and alignment of the garment.

In third element we note the time for stitching.

In the fourth element we note the time of how long will it take to dispose the garment.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment swatch
• Sewing machine
• Stop watch
3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• First of all carefully note the method of the operator.

• Then after analyzing the method define the elements.
• Then the time for picking the fabric and alignment was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then the time for sewing was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then again the time for changing the side of the fabric was noted.
• The time for sewing the other side of the fabric was noted.
• Then the time for removing the fabric from the machine was noted with the help of
stopwatch.
• Discard the reading which appears unusual.
• If the timing of element is too small that between 2 to 3 sec which is very difficult to
measure then combine this element with the previous or next element.

• Measure the basic time by multiplying average single cycle time with rating (Performance
of worker)

4. RESULTS:

ELEMENTS OBSERVATIONS (SEC) Average

1 2 3 4 5 Single
cycle
time(sec)

TOTAL

Average single cycle time in minutes = ASCT in Sec / 60

Basic minutes= ASCT ˟ Rating =
 5 DISCUSSION:

Calculation of basic time further helps us in determination of Standard Allowed Minutes (SAM).

6 CONCLUSIONS

With the help of average single cycle time measurement, we can under stand which operation is
taking longer time and which is taking smaller amount of time.

7 REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th
Experiment No. 10
Time and motion studies for stitching operations

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

The experiment is relating to time and motion study. In this experiment we use the micro
motion study. First we break the operation into its elements like pick, place, align, sew
and dispose. Then the time of each element is noted carefully and 3 to 4 observations are
taken. That experiment is very useful for increasing the production and increasing the
efficiency of the department.
 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

To calculate time and motion study of pocket attach operation

1.2 THEORY:

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Sewing machine and cutter

8. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

• First of all carefully note the method of the operator.

• Then after analyzing the method define the elements.
• Then the time for picking the fabric and alignment was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then the time for sewing was noted with the help of stopwatch.
• Then again the time for changing the side of the fabric was noted.
• The time for sewing the other side of the fabric was noted.
• Then the time for removing the fabric from the machine was noted with the help of
stopwatch.
• Discard the reading which appears unusual.
• If the timing of element is too small that between 2 to 3 sec which is very difficult to measure
then combine this element with the previous or next element.
 4 RESULTS:

ELEMENTS OBSERVATIONS (SEC) Average

1 2 3 4 5 Single
cycle
time(sec)

TOTAL

Average single cycle time in minutes = ASCT in Sec / 60

Basic minutes= ASCT * Rating

=

SAM = BM (1 +P.F% +MD%)

=BM (1 + 7.5% +7.5%)
= BM*1.15

5 DISCUSSION:

Standard Allowed Minutes calculations help us in determination of standard time required by

qualified operator to do work in standardized working conditions.
 6 CONCLUSIONS

With the help of Standard Allowed minutes we can determine the target per hour and target per
shift

7 REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 11
Operation break down of T shirt

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

For increasing the efficiency of a process, it is very important to know about the correct sequence
of the stitching of the garment so that the layout of the line can be designed. That experiment is
very useful for every engineer to perform his task accurately and complete it in exact time.
 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

• Operation breakdown of T shirt

a. THEORY:

In that experiment we are able to know about the sequence of stitching the garment top (T-shrit).
Which component is stitch first and which is stitched after that. Thus by it we are able to stitch
the garment in accurate way and we are able to reduce the labor cost and operational cost.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Scissor
• Seam opener

3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up the garment Top (T-shirt) and analyze carefully the sequence of operations of garment
Top. Sequentially write the operation breakdown and always start from operation breakdown of
small parts.
4. RESULTS:

Sr.No. Operation name Machine used

5. DISCUSSION:

Sequence of any garment sewing is very important for an industry because when a garment is
sewn in a well-organized sequence it reduces labor and material cost and finally enhanced the
profit of the industry and helps in reducing lead time which is a major problem in Pakistan.

6. CONCLUSIONS

Operation break down will help us to determine most efficient layout of machines.

7. REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 12
Operation break down of Bottom( Jeans)

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

For increasing the efficiency of a process, it is very important to know about the correct sequence
of the stitching of the garment so that the layout of the line can be designed. That experiment is
very useful for every engineer to perform his task accurately and complete it in exact time.
 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

• Operation breakdown of Bottom

2 THEORY:

In that experiment we are able to know about the sequence of stitching the garment top (Bottom).
Which component is stitch first and which is stitched after that. Thus by it we are able to stitch
the garment in accurate way and we are able to reduce the labor cost and operational cost.

3 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Scissor
• Seam opener

4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up the garment Bottom (Jeans) and analyze carefully the sequence of operations of garment
Top. Sequentially write the operation breakdown and always start from operation breakdown of
small parts.
5 RESULTS:

Sr.No. Operation name Machine used

6 DISCUSSION:

Sequence of any garment sewing is very important for an industry because when a garment is
sewn in a well-organized sequence it reduces labor and material cost and finally enhanced the
profit of the industry and helps in reducing lead time which is a major problem in Pakistan.

7 CONCLUSIONS

Operation break down will help us to determine most efficient layout of machines.

8 REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 13
Operation break down of Polo shirt

Name:
Registration No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….. 3

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…. 4

THEORY………………………………………………………………………..... 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL…………………………………………………... 4

EXPERIMENATL PROCEDURE …………………………………………….. 4

RESULTS……………………………………………. …………………………..5

DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………….……... 6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………….6

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..………. 6
ABSTRACT

For increasing the efficiency of a process, it is very important to know about the correct sequence
of the stitching of the garment so that the layout of the line can be designed. That experiment is
very useful for every engineer to perform his task accurately and complete it in exact time.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

• Operation breakdown of Polo shirt

1.2 THEORY:

In that experiment we are able to know about the sequence of stitching the garment top (T-shrit).
Which component is stitch first and which is stitched after that. Thus by it we are able to stitch
the garment in accurate way and we are able to reduce the labor cost and operational cost.

2 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL:

• Garment
• Scissor
• Seam opener

3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up the garment Top (Polo-shirt) and analyze carefully the sequence of operations of garment
Top. Sequentially write the operation breakdown and always start from operation breakdown of
small parts.
4 RESULTS:

Sr.No. Operation name Machine used

5 DISCUSSION:

Sequence of any garment sewing is very important for an industry because when a garment is
sewn in a well-organized sequence it reduces labor and material cost and finally enhanced the
profit of the industry and helps in reducing lead time which is a major problem in Pakistan.

6 CONCLUSIONS

Operation break down will help us to determine most efficient layout of machines.

7 REFERENCES:

• Lab instructions

• Babu V R, Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production, Wood Head Publishing, India, 2012.
 National Textile University

BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 14
Calculation of thread consumption of shirt

Name:
Reg No:

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABRTRACT………………………………………………………………………. 3

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….4

OBJECTIVE……………………………………………………………………….. 4

THEORY…………………………………………………………………………… 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL……………………………………………………… 4

OBSERVATION…………………………………………………………………….5

DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………….7

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………8
 ABSTRACT

To know consumption of thread during sewing is very important for Apparel Technologists in
order to understand the amount of thread consumed and cost associated with it and finally it
result in the calculation of cones needed for sewing garment top (shirt). If someone wrongly
anticipates the amount of thread consumed in the sewing of garments, it may result in shortage
of thread cones which can hinder production and if someone thread cones are calculated in excess
then it may result in excessive cost which is wastage.
1 INTRODUCTION:

This effort is conducted to analyze the importance of calculation of thread in sewing of the
garment. We want to enhance the knowledge of students by practicing the actual calculation so
that they may not face any trouble in the industry while calculating thread consumption.

OBJECTIVE:

To calculate the amount of thread in stitching a garment top.

THEORY:

Consumption of thread is associated with smooth production of unit and cost effectiveness. It
result in reduction of wastages in the form of thread lose and smooth working of unit by knowing
the how many cones of thread to reduce time loss in the form of delay.

Factors that affect consumption of thread are

SPI

Number of plies

Seam length

Stitch type

2 EQUIPMENT & MATREIAL:

I. Garment (Top)
II. A pair of Scissors
III. Seam opener
IV. Measuring tape
V. Pencil

3 EXPERIMENTAL POCOCEDURE:

Pick up T shirt and rip it off with the help of seam opener and measure consumption of thread
by calculating length of seam and SPI.
4 RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS:

Sr. Name of stitch SPI # of Wastage Upper Lower Actual seam

# operation type layer per thread thread length
s operatio
n in inch
 total Add upper and lower thread

Now add 15 % allowances to calculated length

We get consumption of thread in the garment top

Stitch type Wastage per inch

1 NLS 4 inch=10.16 cm

2 NCS 4 inch=10.16 cm

1 NCS 2 inch=5.08cm

Zig zag 2 inch=5.08 cm

3 T O/L 4 inch=10.16 cm

4 TO/L 4 inch=10.16 cm

Bar tack 1 inch=2.54 cm

Bar tack back panel 1 inch=2.54 cm

 Button hole 1 inch= 2.54 cm

Flat lock machine 2 inch= 5.08 cm

Cover stitch 4 inch= 10.16 cm

5 DISCUSSION:

Mark one inch on the garment and unpick thread from the pointed mark and measure length of
thread.

Then add required allowances according to stitch type, these allowances are machine allowances
in inches and then measure the thread by multiplying with actual seam length.

Then in the end add 15 % allowances to the total length of thread, these are the production loss
like extra cone, small amount of remaining thread which cannot be used in production and some
cones which are wasted by the workers.

6 CONCLUSION:

We concluded from this experiment that by finding thread consumption we can also find the
number of cones if length of the cone is known.

7 REFERENCES:

Lab instructions

Garment manual
 National Textile University
BS Textile Engineering Technology

LAB REPORT

TT-3066 Sewn Product Technology

Semester: 6th

Experiment No. 15
Calculation of consumption of thread in garment bottom

Date of Submission:
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABRTRACT………………………………………………………………………. 3

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….4

OBJECTIVE……………………………………………………………………….. 4

THEORY…………………………………………………………………………… 4

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL……………………………………………………… 4

OBSERVATION…………………………………………………………………….5

DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………….7

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………8
 ABSTRACT

To know consumption of thread during sewing is very important for Apparel Technologists in
order to understand the amount of thread consumed and cost associated with it and finally it
result in the calculation of cones needed for sewing garment bottom. If someone wrongly
anticipates the amount of thread consumed in the sewing of garments, it may result in shortage
of thread cones which can hinder production and if someone thread cones are calculated in excess
then it may result in excessive cost which is wastage.
1 INTRODUCTION:

This effort is conducted to analyze the importance of calculation of thread in sewing of the
garment. We want to enhance the knowledge of students by practicing the actual calculation so
that they may not face any trouble in the industry while calculating thread consumption.

OBJECTIVE:

To calculate the amount of thread in stitching a garment bottom.

THEORY:

Consumption of thread is associated with smooth production of unit and cost effectiveness. It
result in reduction of wastages in the form of thread lose and smooth working of unit by knowing
the how many cones of thread to reduce time loss in the form of delay.

Factors that affect consumption of thread are

SPI

Number of plies

Seam lengthStitch type

2. EQUIPMENT & MATREIAL:

I. Garment
II. A pair of Scissors
III. Seam opener
IV. Measuring tape
V. Pencil

3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

Pick up T shirt and rip it off with the help of seam opener
and measure consumption of thread by calculating length of seam and S
4 RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS:

Sr. Name of stitch SPI # of Wastage Upper Lower Actual seam

# operation type layer per thread thread length
s operatio
n in inch
 total Add upper and lower thread

Now add 15 % allowances to calculated length

We get consumption of thread in the garment top

Stitch type Wastage per inch

1 NLS 4 inch=10.16 cm

2 NCS 4 inch=10.16 cm

1 NCS 2 inch=5.08cm

Zig zag 2 inch=5.08 cm

3 T O/L 4 inch=10.16 cm

4 TO/L 4 inch=10.16 cm

Bar tack 1 inch=2.54 cm

Bar tack back panel 1 inch=2.54 cm

Button hole 1 inch= 2.54 cm

 Flat lock machine 2 inch= 5.08 cm

Cover stitch 4 inch= 10.16 cm

5 DISCUSSION:

Mark one inch on the garment and unpick thread from the pointed mark and measure length of
thread.

Then add required allowances according to stitch type, these allowances are machine allowances
in inches and then measure the thread by multiplying with actual seam length.

Then in the end add 15 % allowances to the total length of thread, these are the production loss
like extra cone, small amount of remaining thread which cannot be used in production and some
cones which are wasted by the workers.

6 CONCLUSION:

We concluded from this experiment that by finding thread consumption we can also find the
number of cones if length of the cone is known.

7 REFERENCES:

Lab instructions

Garment manual