1. We use words when we Speak.or write.
We usually use these
words in group in correct order.
The cat sat on the mat.
A group of words which makes complete sense, is called a sentence.
Thus a sentence is a group of words that are kept in a particular order to
make a complete sense.
2. Sentences are of four kinds:
1. Those which make statements or assertions; as:
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
This is called a Declarative or Assertive sentence.
2. Those which ask questions; as:
What is your name?
This is called an Interrogative sentence.
3. Those which express commands, requests or entreaties; as:
Be quiet.Have mercy on me.
This is called an Imperative sentence.
4. Those which express strong feelings, as:
How warm the day is!
What a shameful behaviour!
This is called an Exclamatory sentence.
3. Every sentence has two parts!
1. Subject and
2. Predicate
When we make a sentence
1. We name some person or thing.
2. Say something about that person or thing.
In other words, we must have a subject to speak about and we must say
or predicate something about that subject.
(a) So, the part which names the person or thing we are speaking about is
called the Subject of the sentence.
(b) The part which tells something about the subject is called the Predicate of the sentence.
For example:
Subject Predicate
Suresh runs
Birds fly
Girls play
My brother passed the examination
It is very cold today
The dogs bark at night.
4. The subject of a sentence usually comes first, but occasionally
it is put after the predicate also; as:
1. Here comes the bus.
2. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
5. However, in imperative sentences the subject is left out; as:
1. Sit down—Here the subject you is understood.
2. Thank him—Here too the subject ‘you’ is understood.
6. A group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense
is called a Phrase. In the following sentences, the groups of
words in italics are Phrases. These usually do not have Subject or
Predicate.
1. Honesty pays in the long run.
2. The sun rises in the east.
3. The Prime Minister’s post is not a bed of roses.
4. Show me how to do it.
5. It was a sunset of great beauty.
Exercise 1
Separate the Subject and the Predicate in the following
sentences:
1. The boy stood on the last bench.
2. The singing of the birds
3. A good boy passed the examination.
4. It is very hot.
5. The cow gives us milk.
6. The earth revolves round the sun.
7. Edison invented the phonograph.
8. Delhi is the capital of India.
9. We cannot make the ocean diy.
10. No man can serve two masters.
Exercise 2
Complete the following sentences by inserting a suitable subject
1. ………………… bark at night.
2. ………………… sets in the west.
3. ……………… gives us milk.
4. ……………..is cloudy today.
5. ………….. fly in the air.
6. ………………….sleep on the roof at night.
7. ………………..am in a hurry.
8. .…………… opens at 10 O’clock in the morning.
9. .………….. are playing football.
10. ………………….. greeted me with a sweet smile.
Exercise 3
Put a suitable Predicate to complete the following sentences:
1. The moon …………….
2. The sun …………………..
3. The crow …………………..
4. The dogs……………………
5. The rose……………………..
6. Stars ………………………
7. Delhi ……………………………
8. Cows …………………………….
9. The door……………………………
10. The peon…………………………..
Exercise 4
Name the type of sentences:
1. Please let me work.
2. The boys make a noise.
3. Stand up.
4. What a clever girl you are!
5. Were do you live?
6. What a horrible sight it was!
7. My father is a bank employee
8. Children like sweets.
9. Who is at the door?
10. Don’t make a noise.
Practice Questions
Identify the type of the given sentences:
1. I love reading novels by Dutta.
2. Never tell lies to anyone.
3. The sun rose early today.
4. Alas! We lost the tournament this year.
5. I love eating pastries from the French bakery.
6. Hurray! We won the competition last week.
7. How are you feeling this morning?
8. Where are you going in the evening?
9. Such a beautiful place to enjoy with a friend!
10. Go and try this new flavour that looks amazing.
11. Today is gloomy and dark.
12. Please clean your cupboard and room every day.
13. Turn off all the lights and fans when you leave the
classroom.
14. May I come inside the auditorium?
15. How would you like your tea?
16. The Pacific Ocean is the largest.
17. I am a teacher who works hards every day.
18. Always respect all the humans and living beings on the
planet.
19. Do you know where Pradha lives?
20. Switch on the fan.
21. Please shut the windows and drawers.
22. Do you like chocolate pastries and cakes?
23. My name is Pete.
24. How are you going to solve this?
25. I love fruits and vegetables.
Exercise 1 – Sentence Types
1. Imperative – Please pass me the notebook.
2. Interrogative – Is she coming to the party?
3. Declarative – I love reading mystery novels.
4. Imperative – Don't talk during the movie.
5. Interrogative – Have you finished your homework?
6. Declarative – The sun sets in the west.
7. Imperative – Close the door gently.
8. Exclamatory – Wow, that was an amazing performance!
9. Declarative – They are going on a trip tomorrow.
10. Exclamatory – What a beautiful rainbow that is!
Exercise 2 – Sorting Sentences
Declarative:
- We visited the planetarium yesterday.
- They will arrive by evening.
- He enjoys swimming during summer.
Interrogative:
- Can you solve this puzzle?
- Are they coming to the event?
- Did you bring your ID card?
Imperative:
- Please take your seat.
- Pass the salt, please.
Exclamatory:
- How clever you are!
- What a mess this room is!
Exercise 3 – Punctuation and Type
1. Please bring your notebook to class. –
2. This is the best pizza I have ever had! –
3. Do you know the answer? –
4. What a beautiful view! –
5. She went to the library to study. –
6. Turn off the lights before you leave. –
7. Have they submitted their homework? –
8. How fast he runs! –
9. The sun sets in the west. –
10. Where are you going? –
Exercise 4 – Sentence Correction
1. You are very clever. –
2. How fast he can run! –
3. Close the window, please! –
4. They are going on a trip. –
5. Wow! That dog is big. –
6. Did you finish your homework? –
7. Be quiet! –
8. The sun rises in the east. –
9. Don’t touch that switch. –
10. Why are you late? –
Exercise 5 – Sentence Transformation
1. He ran and he fell. –
2. She was tired, so she slept early. –
3. What a beautiful view! –
4. Close the gate. –
5. You knew the answer. –
6. Are they at the station? –
7. It is such a big surprise! –
8. He left because he was angry. –
9. She studied and she passed. –
10. This is such a mess. –
Exercise 6 – Sample Paragraph
We reached the hilltop after a long hike. What a breathtaking view it was! Please
take a picture quickly. Did you bring the tripod? As the wind picked up, we held onto
our hats and laughed. The sun began to set, and we felt grateful for the adventure.
Includes:
- Declarative: We reached the hilltop...
- Interrogative: Did you bring the tripod?
- Imperative: Please take a picture quickly.
- Exclamatory: What a breathtaking view it was!
- Sentence structure: Contains both compound and complex sentences.
