Haryana

Government of India

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Haryana

National Family Health

National Family Health Survey 2019-21

Survey (NFHS-5) 2019-21

India

International Institute for Population Sciences

Deonar, Mumbai 400 088
NATIONAL FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY (NFHS-5)

INDIA

2019-21

HARYANA

NOVEMBER 2021
Suggested citation: International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF. 2021.
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), India, 2019-21: Haryana. Mumbai: IIPS.

For additional information about the 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), please contact:

International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai-400088
Telephone: 022-4237 2442
Email: nfhs52017@gmail.com, director@iipsindia.ac.in
For related information, visit http://www.rchiips.org/nfhs or http://www.iipsindia.ac.in
CONTRIBUTORS
H. Lhungdim
S. K. Singh
K. S. James
Vaidehi Y.
Priyanka V. Janbandhu
CONTENTS

Page
KEY FINDINGS
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1
Household Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 3
Education ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Fertility ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
Family Planning ..................................................................................................................................... 10
Infant and Child Mortality .................................................................................................................... 12
Maternal Health...................................................................................................................................... 14
Child Health ............................................................................................................................................ 18
Breastfeeding, Nutrition, and Anaemia .............................................................................................. 21
Adult Health and Health Care ............................................................................................................. 24
HIV/AIDS ............................................................................................................................................... 27
Sexual Behaviour .................................................................................................................................... 29
Women’s Empowerment ...................................................................................................................... 29
Domestic Violence .................................................................................................................................. 32

TABLES
Table 1 Results of the household and individual interviews ..................................................... 35
Table 2 Results of the household and individual interviews by district................................... 36
Table 3 Household population by age, schooling, residence, sex,
and possession of an Aadhaar card................................................................................... 37
Table 4 Household and housing characteristics ........................................................................... 38
Table 5 Access to a toilet facility ..................................................................................................... 42
Table 6 Access to a toilet facility by district .................................................................................. 43
Table 7 Household possessions and land ownership .................................................................. 44
Table 8 Preschool attendance .......................................................................................................... 45
Table 9 Preschool attendance by district........................................................................................ 46
Table 10 School attendance ................................................................................................................ 47
Table 11 Children's living arrangements and orphanhood .......................................................... 48
Table 12 Birth registration of children under age 5 ........................................................................ 49
Table 13 Birth registration of children under age 5 by district ..................................................... 50
Table 14 Death registration ................................................................................................................ 51
Table 15 Death registration by district ............................................................................................. 52
Table 16 Disability ............................................................................................................................... 53
Table 17 Background characteristics of respondents ..................................................................... 54
Table 18 Fertility trends ...................................................................................................................... 56
Table 19 Fertility by background characteristics ............................................................................ 57
Table 20 Teenage pregnancy and motherhood ............................................................................... 58
Table 21 Birth order ........................................................................................................................... 59
Table 22 Birth intervals ...................................................................................................................... 60
Table 23 Fertility preferences by number of living children ........................................................ 61
Table 24 Desire not to have any more children .............................................................................. 62
 Page
Table 25 Ideal number of children ................................................................................................... 63
Table 26 Indicators of sex preference ............................................................................................... 64
Table 27 Knowledge of contraceptive methods .............................................................................. 66
Table 28 Current use of contraception by background characteristics ....................................... 69
Table 29 Current use of contraceptive methods by district .......................................................... 71
Table 30 Contraceptive use by men at last sexual intercourse ..................................................... 72
Table 31 Source of modern contraceptive methods ....................................................................... 74
Table 32 Informed choice ................................................................................................................... 77
Table 33 Twelve-month contraceptive discontinuation rates ....................................................... 78
Table 34 Men's contraception-related perceptions and knowledge ............................................ 79
Table 35 Need and demand for family planning among currently
married women ................................................................................................................. 80
Table 36 Unmet need for family planning by district .................................................................... 82
Table 37 Hysterectomy ....................................................................................................................... 83
Table 38 Pregnancy outcome ............................................................................................................. 84
Table 39 Characteristics of abortions ................................................................................................ 85
Table 40 Age at first marriage ........................................................................................................... 86
Table 41 Early childhood mortality rates......................................................................................... 87
Table 42 Early childhood mortality rates by background characteristics ................................... 88
Table 43 High-risk fertility behaviour .............................................................................................. 89
Table 44 Antenatal care ...................................................................................................................... 90
Table 45 Antenatal care services and information received ......................................................... 91
Table 46 Antenatal care indicators.................................................................................................... 92
Table 47 Antenatal care indicators by district ................................................................................. 93
Table 48 Advice received during pregnancy .................................................................................. 94
Table 49 Pregnancies for which an ultrasound test was done ...................................................... 95
Table 50 Pregnancy registration and Mother and Child Protection Card .................................. 97
Table 51 Delivery and postnatal care ............................................................................................... 98
Table 52 Delivery and postnatal care by background characteristics ....................................... 100
Table 53 Delivery and postnatal care by district .......................................................................... 102
Table 54 Delivery costs and financial assistance .......................................................................... 103
Table 55 Birth order and delivery characteristics by district ...................................................... 104
Table 56 Timing of first health check after birth for the newborn ............................................. 105
Table 57 Trends in maternal care indicators ................................................................................. 106
Table 58 Male involvement in maternal care: Men's report ........................................................ 107
Table 59 Vaccinations by background characteristics.................................................................. 108
Table 60 Vaccinations by district..................................................................................................... 110
Table 61 Prevalence and treatment of symptoms of ARI and fever .......................................... 111
Table 62 Prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea .......................................................................... 112
Table 63 Feeding practices during diarrhoea ................................................................................ 115
Table 64 Knowledge of ORS packets .............................................................................................. 117
Table 65 Indicators of utilization of ICDS services....................................................................... 118
Table 66 Utilization of ICDS services during pregnancy and
while breastfeeding ........................................................................................................ 120
 Page
Table 67 Nutritional status of children .......................................................................................... 121
Table 68 Initial breastfeeding .......................................................................................................... 124
Table 69 Breastfeeding status by age .............................................................................................. 125
Table 70 Median duration of breastfeeding and infant and
young child feeding (IYCF) practices ........................................................................... 126
Table 71 Minimum acceptable diet ................................................................................................. 127
Table 72 Child feeding practices and nutritional status of children by district ....................... 129
Table 73 Prevalence of anaemia in children .................................................................................. 130
Table 74 Micronutrient intake among children ............................................................................ 132
Table 75 Presence of iodized salt in household ............................................................................ 135
Table 76 Presence of iodized salt in household by district ......................................................... 136
Table 77 Women's and men's food consumption ......................................................................... 137
Table 78 Nutritional status of adults .............................................................................................. 138
Table 79 Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio .................................................................. 140
Table 80 Prevalence of anaemia in adults ...................................................................................... 142
Table 81 Nutritional status and anaemia among children and women
by district .......................................................................................................................... 144
Table 82 Knowledge and prevention of HIV/AIDS .................................................................... 145
Table 83.1 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Women .......................... 148
Table 83.2 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Men ................................ 150
Table 84 Sexual behaviour, HIV testing, blood transfusion, and injections ............................. 152
Table 85 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour among youth................................. 153
Table 86 Prevalence of tuberculosis ................................................................................................ 154
Table 87 Knowledge and attitudes toward tuberculosis ............................................................. 155
Table 88 Health insurance coverage among women and men ................................................... 157
Table 89 Source of health care and health insurance coverage among
households ...................................................................................................................... 158
Table 90 Health problems ................................................................................................................ 159
Table 91 Screening tests for cancer ................................................................................................. 161
Table 92.1 Blood pressure status: Women ........................................................................................ 162
Table 92.2 Blood pressure status: Men .............................................................................................. 164
Table 93.1 Random blood glucose levels: Women .......................................................................... 166
Table 93.2 Random blood glucose levels: Men ................................................................................ 167
Table 94 Tobacco and alcohol use by women and men ............................................................... 168
Table 95 Methods of menstrual protection ..................................................................................... 169
Table 96 Employment and cash earnings of women and men .................................................... 170
Table 97 Control over and magnitude of women's and men's cash earnings ........................... 171
Table 98 Participation in decision making ...................................................................................... 172
Table 99 Decision making by background characteristics ........................................................... 174
Table 100 Women's access to money and credit .............................................................................. 176
Table 101 Ownership of assets ........................................................................................................... 178
Table 102 Gender role attitudes ......................................................................................................... 179
Table 103 Gender role attitudes by background characteristics ................................................... 180
Table 104 Experience of physical and sexual violence ................................................................... 182
 Page
Table 105 Experience of violence during pregnancy ...................................................................... 183
Table 106 Forms of spousal violence ................................................................................................. 184
Table 107 Spousal violence by background characteristics ........................................................... 185
Table 108 Spousal violence by husband's characteristics and
empowerment indicators ................................................................................................ 187
Table 109 Injuries to women due to spousal violence .................................................................... 189
Table 110 Help seeking ........................................................................................................................ 190
APPENDIX
Estimates of sampling errors .............................................................................................................. 191
INTRODUCTION
The 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), the fifth in the NFHS series, provides
information on population, health, and nutrition for India and each state and union territory.
Like NFHS-4, NFHS-5 also provides district-level estimates for many important indicators. All
five NFHS surveys have been conducted under the stewardship of the Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India. MoHFW designated the International
Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, as the nodal agency for the surveys. Funding
for NFHS-5 was provided by the Government of India. Technical assistance and additional
funding for NFHS-5 was provided by the USAID-supported Demographic and Health Surveys
Program, ICF, USA. Assistance for some of the Clinical, Anthropometric, and Biochemical
(CAB) tests was provided by the ICMR and the National AIDS Research Institute (NARI), Pune.

Four survey questionnaires—household, woman’s, man’s, and biomarker—were used to collect

information in 19 languages using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). All
women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 in the selected sample households were eligible for
interviewing. In the household questionnaire, basic information was collected on all usual
members of the household and visitors who stayed in the household the previous night, as well
as socioeconomic characteristics of the household, water and sanitation, health insurance, and
number of deaths in the household in the three years preceding the survey. Two versions of the
woman’s questionnaire were used in NFHS-5. The first version (district module), which
collected information on women’s characteristics, marriage, fertility, contraception,
reproductive health, children’s immunizations, treatment of childhood illnesses, and nutrition
was fielded in the entire sample of NFHS-5 households. Information on these topics is available
at the district, state, and national levels. In the second version of the questionnaire (state
module), four additional topics, namely, sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, husband’s background
and women’s work, and domestic violence, were also included. This version was fielded in a
subsample of NFHS-5 households designed to provide information only at the state and
national levels. The man’s questionnaire covered the man’s characteristics, marriage, number
of children, contraception, fertility preferences, nutrition, sexual behaviour, attitudes towards
gender roles, HIV/AIDS, and lifestyle. The biomarker questionnaire covered measurements of
height, weight, and haemoglobin levels for children; height, weight, waist and hip
circumference, haemoglobin levels, and finger-stick blood for additional CAB testing in a
laboratory for women age 15-49 and men age 15-54; and blood pressure and random blood
glucose for women and men age 15 years and over. Questionnaire information and biomarkers
were collected only with informed consent from the respondents.

The NFHS-5 sample was designed to provide estimates of all key indicators at the national and
state levels, as well as estimates for most key indicators at the district level (for all 707 districts
in India, as on 31 March, 2017). The total sample size of approximately 610,000 households for
India was based on the size needed to produce reliable indicator estimates for each district. The
rural sample was selected through a two-stage sample design with villages as the Primary
Sampling Units (PSUs) at the first stage (selected with probability proportional to size),
followed by a random selection of 22 households in each PSU at the second stage. In urban
areas, there was also a two-stage sample design with Census Enumeration Blocks (CEB)

1
selected at the first stage and a random selection of 22 households in each CEB at the second
stage. At the second stage in both urban and rural areas, households were selected after
conducting a complete mapping and household listing operation in the selected first-stage
units.

Readers should be cautious while interpreting and comparing the trends as some States/UTs
may have a smaller sample size. Moreover, at the time of survey, Ayushman Bharat AB-PMJAY
and Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) were not fully rolled out and hence,
their coverage may not have been factored in the results of the percentage of households with
any usual member covered under a health insurance/financing scheme and the percentage of
mothers who received 4 or more antenatal care visits, respectively. Hence, the results should be
interpreted with caution.

NFHS-5 fieldwork for Haryana was conducted in two parts due to the Covid-19 pandemic and
the imposition of lockdown in all 22 districts of the state from 12th January 2020 to 21st March
2020 prior to the lockdown and from 21st December 2020 to 30th April 2021 post lockdown.
NFHS-5 fieldwork for Haryana was conducted by the Society for Promotion of Youth & Masses
(SPYM). Information was collected from 18,229 households, consisting of 21,909 women age 15-
49 (including 3,270 women interviewed in PSUs in the state module), and 3,224 men age 15-54.

This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-5 survey in Haryana, along with detailed
tables and an appendix on sampling errors. At the time of finalization of this report, wealth
quintiles for the country as a whole were not ready. Therefore, on finalization of the national
report, the breakup of key indicators by wealth quintiles for all states will be provided as an
additional document and uploaded on the official website of MoHFW and IIPS.

2
HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
The household characteristics reflect the environmental risk factors and behavioural outcomes
of the household population, including their likely impact on health status. Important household
characteristics include household composition, housing characteristics, household possessions,
access to drinking water and a toilet facility, and education.

Household composition
In Haryana, nearly two-thirds (65%) of the households are in rural areas. On average,
households are comprised of 4.8 members. Fifteen percent of households are headed by women,
with 13 percent of the population living in female-headed households.

Ninety-one percent of households in Haryana have household heads who are Hindu. Five
percent of households have household heads who are Muslim and 4 percent of households have
household heads who are Sikh.

Twenty-nine percent of households in Haryana have household heads who belong to a

scheduled caste, 1 percent belong to a scheduled tribe, and 28 percent belong to an other
backward class. Forty-one percent of household heads do not belong to a scheduled caste, a
scheduled tribe, or an other backward class. Over half (51%) of households are nuclear, but 61
percent of the population reside in non-nuclear households.

One-quarter of Haryana’s population is under age 15; age 65 and over constitutes 7 percent. The
overall sex ratio of the population is 926 females per 1,000 males, and the sex ratio of the
population under 7 years of age is lower at 868 females per 1,000 males. Ninety-eight percent of
surveyed persons have an Aadhaar card.

Among children below 18 years of age, 5 percent have experienced the death of one or both
parents. In all, 89 percent of children below 18 years of age live with both parents, 8 percent live
with one parent (mainly with their mother), and the remaining 2 percent live with neither parent.
Births of almost all (95%) children under 5 years of age were registered with the civil authorities,
and 87 percent of children have a birth certificate.

Death registration
Eighty-six percent of deaths of usual household members in the three years preceding the survey
were registered with the civil authorities (74% of deaths in age 0-4, 91% of deaths in age 25-34,
and 89% of deaths in age 35 and above).

The distribution of death registrations by religion shows that 92 percent of deaths were
registered among Sikhs, 87 percent among Hindus, and 68 percent among Muslims. Eighty-nine
percent of deaths registered were among those who do not belong to a scheduled caste, a
scheduled tribe, or an other backward class, 86 percent among scheduled castes, and 85 percent
among other backward classes. Overall, in Haryana, death registration is higher in urban (89%)
than rural areas (85%), and among males (88%) than females (84%). Death registration is over 80
percent in 17 districts; highest in Panchkula district (97%), and lowest in Mewat district (67%).

3
Disability
The respondent to the Household Questionnaire provided information for all usual household
members on whether or not they have any disability in specified domains. The domains of
disability are hearing, speech, visual, mental, locomotor, and other. Less than 1 percent (0.8%)
of the de jure household population has any disability. The most prominent type of disability is
locomotor (0.4%). Men are slightly more likely than women to have any disability (0.9% men
compared with 0.6% women). The proportion of household members who have any disability
rises with increasing age; 0.5 percent among age 5-14 to 1.1 percent each among age 35 and
above.

Housing characteristics
Over three-fourths (77%) of households in Haryana live in a pucca house and almost all surveyed
households have electricity. While nearly all households (99%) use an improved source of
drinking water, 94 percent of households have basic drinking water service, and 99 percent of
households use an improved source of drinking water, but only 65 percent have water piped
into their dwelling, yard, or plot. Urban households (70%) are more likely than rural households
(62%) to have water piped into their dwelling, yard, or plot. Twenty-nine percent of households
use an appropriate treatment method to make drinking water potable (mostly by using electric
purifier, 15%). Three-fifths of households in Haryana use a clean fuel for cooking; 91 percent of
households in urban areas, and 43 percent in rural areas.

Nearly two-thirds (65%) of households in Haryana have water piped into their
dwelling, yard, or plot.

Access to toilet facility

Safe sanitation is one of the foundations of a healthy, comfortable, and dignified life. Households
without proper sanitation facilities have a greater risk of diseases like diarrhoea, dysentery, and
typhoid than households with improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other
households.

Three percent of all households (5% in rural areas and 1% in urban areas) do not use any
sanitation facility; they use open spaces or fields. In Haryana, 97 percent of households have
access to a toilet facility, with a higher accessibility in both urban areas (99%) and rural areas
(96%). Access to a toilet facility ranges from 95 percent among scheduled caste households to 99
percent among households not belonging to a scheduled caste, a scheduled tribe, or an other
backward class. Access to a toilet facility varies widely across the districts, ranging from 88
percent each in Mewat and Mahendragarh to 99 percent each in Sirsa and Faridabad districts.
All urban households have access to a toilet facility in 5 districts (Charkhi Dadri, Jind, Jhajjar,
Rohtak, and Sirsa).

4
Selected household possessions
In Haryana, 77 percent of households own a house (80% of rural households and 72% of urban
households). Almost all urban households (98%) and most rural households (97%) have a mobile
phone. Ninety-six percent of households have a bank or post office account. Sixty-three percent
of households own either a motorcycle or a scooter. BPL cards are held by 24 percent of
households. Irrigated land is owned by 40 percent of rural households and 10 percent of urban
households. Overall, 32 percent of all households in Haryana own agricultural land, and 39
percent of households own farm animals.

Background characteristics of respondents

Thirty-two percent of women and 37 percent of men are in the 15-24 age group, while 32 and 30
percent of women and men, respectively, are in the 25-34 age group. The proportion of adults
age 15-49 is slightly higher among women than men in rural areas (34% versus 33%), but the
reverse in urban areas, more men (67% versus 66%).

In NFHS-5, literate persons are those who have either completed at least standard 9 or passed a
simple literacy test conducted as part of the survey. According to this measure, 80 percent of
women age 15-49 and 92 percent of men age 15-49 are literate.

Sixteen percent of women and 6 percent of men age 15-49 have never been to school. Only 33
percent of women age 15-49 in Haryana have completed 12 or more years of schooling,
compared with 41 percent of men.

Media exposure is quite widespread among women and men in Haryana. Sixty-three percent of
women and 53 percent of men watch television at least once a week. Men (29%) are much more
likely than women (13%) to read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. Thirty-seven
percent of men and 33 percent of women are not regularly exposed to print media or other forms
of media.

Women are more likely than men to be currently married (72% versus 57%) or widowed (3%
versus 0.5%), while men are more likely than women to be never married (42% versus 24%).

Large majority of female and male respondents are Hindu (91% each), while 6 percent each are
Muslim, and 3 percent each are Sikh.

Twenty-nine percent of female respondents belong to an other backward class, while 30 percent
belong to a scheduled caste. About 1 percent each of women (0.8%) and men (1.2%) belong to a
scheduled tribe, and 38 percent of men and 40 percent of women age 15-49 do not belong to a
scheduled caste, a scheduled tribe, or an other backward class.

Seventy-seven percent of women and 27 percent of men age 15-49 were not employed in the 12
months preceding the survey. Three percent of women and 17 percent of men were engaged in
an agricultural occupation, while 19 percent of women and 50 percent of men were employed in
a non-agricultural occupation.

5
EDUCATION
In NFHS-5, information related to preschool attendance has been collected for the first time, in
addition to school attendance among children age 6-17 years and educational attainment of other
members of the household, including reasons for drop-out in the case of those who discontinued
education.

Preschool attendance
In India many children attend anganwadi centres that provide spaces for children to learn, play,
eat nutritious food, and develop the skills needed for a lifetime of learning. Attending pre-
primary education, such as at an anganwadi centre, improves children’s school readiness by
providing quality learning through interactive play methods with qualified instructors. Also,
parents or guardians can go to work at ease if children are enrolled in pre-primary education.

In Haryana, 23 percent of girls and 22 percent of boys age 2-4 years attend preschool. Preschool
attendance is lower among children in nuclear households (17%) than children in non-nuclear
households (25%). Preschool attendance is higher among children in households headed by
Sikhs (26%) or Hindus (24%) than households headed by Muslims (8%). Preschool attendance is
highest among others (27%) and scheduled castes (21%), slightly lower among other backward
classes (20%), and lowest in scheduled tribes (15%). Preschool attendance is nearly same in
households with 6 or more members (22%), compared with households with 3-5 members (23%).
Overall, rural households (22%) show lower preschool attendance than urban households (24%).
Preschool attendance is highest in Ambala district (52%) and lowest in Mewat district (8%).

School attendance among children

Eighty-nine percent of children
age 6-17 years in Haryana attend Are there gender differentials in children’s
school (90% in urban areas and school attendance?
89% in rural areas). School Percentage of children attending school by age
attendance is almost universal
Male Female
(94%) at age 6-14 years, but drops
sharply to 73 percent at age 15-17
years. Gender disparity in school 97 95 92 91
attendance is only marginal in the 74 72
6-14 year age group - 94 percent of
girls, compared with 95 percent of
boys; however, in the age group
15-17 years, 72 percent of girls
compared with 74 percent of boys
are attending school. 6-10 years 11-14 years 15-17 years

6
FERTILITY
This section provides trends in the total fertility rate, age at marriage, pregnancy outcomes,
teenage pregnancy, birth interval, the desire for more children, and son preference. NFHS-5
estimates on the median age at marriage, total fertility rate, and teenage motherhood illustrated
in this section can help in setting benchmarks for the Sustainable Development Goals at the sub-
national level.

Age at first marriage

In Haryana, the median age at first marriage is 20.6 years among women age 25-29 years and
19.7 years among women age 20-49 years. Only 12 percent of women age 20-49 years have never
married, compared with 29 percent of men age 20-49 years. Thirteen percent of women age 20-
24 years got married before attaining the legal minimum age of 18 years, down from 19 percent
in NFHS-4. Forty-six percent of women age 20-24 years are never married, compared with 79
percent of men in the same age group, showing that the age at marriage is much lower for
women than men in Haryana.

Fertility levels
The total fertility rate (TFR) in
Haryana is 1.9 children per Fertility Trends
woman, which is well below the Total fertility rate
replacement level of fertility. (children per woman)
Fertility has decreased by 0.2
children between NFHS-4 and
NFHS-5. 4.0

The total fertility rate in urban 2.9

2.7
areas, at 1.7 children per woman, 2.1
1.9
and in rural areas, at 2.0 children
per woman, are both below the
replacement level. Among births
in the three years preceding the
survey, 11 percent were of birth NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5
order four or higher, which is
same as in NFHS-4.

The greatest differentials in fertility are by religion, caste/tribe, and schooling. At current
fertility rates, women with no schooling (3.1 children) will have an average of 1.4 more children
than women with 12 or more years of schooling (1.7 children). Muslim women will have an
average of 2.1 children more than Hindu women (a TFR of 3.9, compared with 1.8), and 2.3
children more than Sikh women (a TFR of 1.6).

7
 How does fertility vary with schooling?
Total fertility
Total fertility rate
rate (children
(children per
per woman)
woman)

3.1
2.8
3.1 2.1
2.8 1.8 1.7
2.1
1.8 1.7

No schooling <5 years 5-9 years 10-11 years 12 or more

complete complete complete years complete
No schooling <5 years 5-9 years 10-11 years 12 or more
Pregnancy outcome complete complete complete years complete
Eighty-eight percent of last pregnancies in the five years preceding the survey ended in a live
birth, and the remaining 12 percent terminated in foetal wastage (abortion, miscarriage, or
stillbirth). Miscarriage is the most commonly reported type of foetal wastage, accounting for 9
percent of all pregnancies, and abortions accounted for 3 percent.

The two main reasons for seeking abortion reported by women were unplanned pregnancy
(41%) and complications in pregnancy (15%). The most common methods used for performing
abortions were medicines (57%), other surgical methods (25%) and manual vacuum aspiration
(MVA) (14%). A large majority (62%) of abortions were performed in the private health sector
and 12 percent were performed in the public health sector. Twelve percent of women reporting
an abortion reported having complications from the abortion. More than half abortions (52%) in
Haryana were performed by a doctor.

Teenage pregnancy
Among young women age 15-19 in Haryana, 4 percent have already begun childbearing, that is,
they have already had a live birth or are pregnant with their first child, down from 6 percent in
NFHS-4. The proportion of women who have started childbearing rises sharply from 1 percent
at age 17 years to 5 percent among women age 18 years and to 13 percent among women age 19
years. The proportion who have started childbearing is much higher among young women who
had no schooling (13%) than among those with 12 or more years of schooling (4%).

Birth intervals
The median interval between births in the five years before the survey in Haryana is 31.5 months.
Fifteen percent of births take place within 18 months of the previous birth and 32 percent occur
within 24 months. The proportion of births occurring within 24 months of a previous birth is
particularly high (40%) for mothers age 20-29, and for births occurring after a deceased sibling
(59%). Over three-fifths (64%) of all births occur within three years of the previous birth.
Research shows that waiting at least three years between children reduces the risk of infant
mortality and has a positive impact on maternal health.

8
 Nearly two-thirds (64%) of births in Haryana occur within three years of
the previous birth.

Fertility preferences
Three-fourths of currently married women and 74 percent of men age 15-49 years want no more
children, are already sterilized, or have a spouse who is sterilized. Among those who want
another child, 46 percent of women and 42 percent of men would like to wait at least two years
before the next birth. Eight-eight percent of women and 86 percent of men consider the ideal
family size to be two or fewer children.

In Haryana, there is a strong preference for sons. Ten percent of women and 11 percent of men
want more sons than daughters, but only 2-3 percent of women and men want more daughters
than sons. However, 75 percent men and 86 percent women would like to have at least one son
and less than three-quarters (71%) of men and 83 percent of women want at least one daughter.

Women’s desire for more children is strongly affected by their current number of sons. For
example, among women with two children, 96 percent with 2 sons and 94 percent with 1 son
want no more children, compared with 44 percent with two daughters who want no more
children. Notably, the proportion of currently married women and men with two children who
want no more children irrespective of their number of sons has increased for women by 2
percentage points and remained unchanged for men in the 4 years since NFHS-4.

In Haryana, unplanned pregnancies are fairly common. If all women were to have only the
number of children they wanted, the total fertility rate would have been 1.5 children per man,
instead of the current level of 1.9 children per woman.

How does son preference affect women’s desire for children?

Percentage of currently married women with two children who want
no more children
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5

95 97 95 96 94
92 92
86 85

68

44
38
26
18
9.0

2 boys and no girls 1 boy and 1 girl 2 girls and no boys

Current sex composition of families with two living children

9
FAMILY PLANNING
The family planning section covers trends in contraceptive knowledge and current use,
informed choice, and unmet need for family planning methods among women age 15-49 years.
It also includes information on men’s attitude towards women using a contraceptive method.
As in previous rounds of the survey, NFHS-5 provides estimates of the contraceptive prevalence
rate and unmet need for family planning.

Contraceptive knowledge and use

Knowledge of contraception is almost universal in Haryana. However, some methods are still
less well known. Fifty-seven percent of currently married women know about the lactational
amenorrhoea method (LAM) and one-fourth (25%) know about female condoms. Among all
women, only three-fifths (60%) know about emergency contraception.

The contraceptive prevalence rate

(CPR) among currently married How many women use family planning?
Percentage of currently married women
women age 15-49 is 73 percent; 9
percentage points increase from NFHS-1
NFHS-1 NFHS-2
NFHS-2 NFHS-3
NFHS-3 NFHS-4
NFHS-4 NFHS-5
NFHS-5
NFHS-4 (64%). The use of modern 73
family planning methods (61%) has 62 63 64
73
61
also increased slightly from its level 62 63 64 58 59
53 58 59 61
50
in NFHS-4 (59%). The use of female 50 44
53
44
sterilization has declined by 6
percentage points, from 38 percent
to 32 percent between NFHS-4 and
NFHS-5; the share of female
sterilization in overall contraceptive Any method Any modern method

use has fluctuated between 44 and Any method Any modern method

61 percent in all five NFHS surveys. Contraceptive use in NFHS-5 increases sharply with age,
from 21 percent for women age 15-19 to 81 percent for women age 40-49.

In Haryana, contraceptive use shows little difference in rural and urban areas. Contraceptive
prevalence decreases with increasing schooling of women. Over half (51%) of currently married
women with no schooling use female sterilization, compared with only 13 percent of women
with 12 or more years of schooling. Muslim women (48%) are less likely to use contraception
than either Hindu (75%) or Sikh women (74%).

Women in Haryana are much more likely to use contraception if they already have a son. For
example, among women with two children, 86 percent with at least one son use a method of
family planning, compared with 62 percent of women with two daughters and no sons.

10
What contraceptive methods do women use? The most common modern spacing
Currently married women methods used by currently married
women in Haryana are condoms (18%),
followed by the IUD or PPIUD (5%) and
Pill (3%). In general, urban women and
Not using better-educated women are more likely
any method
27%
Female
sterilization than other women to use spacing
32%
methods.

Withdrawal
4.1% Eighty-two percent of sterilized women
Male sterilization

Rhythm
0.9% had their sterilization operation in the
8.6% Condom/
Nirodh public sector, mainly in a government or
municipal hospital, and 35 percent of
18% Pill
2.8%

IUD or PPIUD
IUD or PPIUD users had their IUD
LAM
0.3%
4.9%
insertion in the private sector.
Injectables
0.4%

The majority of pill and condom/Nirodh users get their supply from the private health sector or
other source, including a shop. Nonetheless, 45 percent of pill users and 26 percent of
condom/Nirodh users get their supply from the public sector.

The 12-month discontinuation rate for any reason is 36 percent for all contraceptive methods.
Thirty-nine percent of users of modern spacing methods discontinued use within the first year
after they adopted the method. The most common reason for discontinuation is the desire to
become pregnant. Use of any method is highest in Jhajjar district (80%) and lowest in Mewat
district (38%).

Thirty-nine percent of users of modern spacing methods discontinued use

within the first year after they adopted the method.

Informed choice
Women who know about all available contraceptive methods and their side effects can make
better choices about what method to use. Three-fourths of users of selected modern
contraceptive methods were ever told by a health or family planning worker about other
methods they could use. Only 69 percent were told about the possible side effects or problems
with their method, and three-fifths were told what to do if they experienced any side effects.

Men’s attitudes
Thirty-one percent of men age 15-49 in Haryana agree that contraception is women’s business
and a man should not have to worry about it. However, only 14 percent of men think that women
using contraception may become promiscuous. Three-fifths of men know that a condom, if used
correctly, protects against pregnancy most of the time.

11
 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate by District
Percentage of currently married women
Jhajjar 80
Jind 79
Karnal 79
Yamunanagar 79
Sonipat 79
Faridabad 78
Panchkula 77
Kaithal 77
Fatehabad 76
Rohtak 74
Hisar 74
Sirsa 74
HARYANA 73
Bhiwani 72
Palwal 71
Rewari 71
Gurgaon 70
Mahendragarh 70
Panipat 70
Ambala 70
Charkhi Dadri 69
Kurukshetra 68
Mewat 38

Unmet need
Unmet need for family planning is defined as the percentage of currently married women who
either want to space their next birth or stop childbearing entirely, but are not using
contraception. According to this definition, 8 percent of currently married women have an
unmet need for family planning, a marginal drop since NFHS-4 (9%). Currently, 91 percent of
the demand for family planning is being satisfied and three-quarters of the demand is being
satisfied by modern methods. In Haryana the unmet need for family planning ranges from 4
percent in Yamunanagar district to 20 percent in Mewat district.

INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY

The mortality rate among children under age 5 years, including neonatal, postneonatal, and
infant mortality rates, is an important indicator that measures the overall well-being of a country.
The infant mortality rate in Haryana in NFHS-5 is estimated at 33 deaths before the age of one
year per 1,000 live births, which is same with the NFHS-4 estimate, but down from the NFHS-3
estimate of 42, the NFHS-2 estimate of 57, and the NFHS-1 estimate of 73. The under-five
mortality rate (U5MR) is estimated at 39 deaths before five years of age per 1,000 live births,
down by 2 points since NFHS-4 (41 per 1,000).

12
 Trends in Infant Mortality
Deaths
Deaths per
per 1,000
1,000 live
live births
births
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5
80
73
80
62 73 57
52
62 49
(42) 57 42
52 49 34 35 33 33
31 29
(42) 42
19
31 29 34 35 33 33

19
Urban Rural Total
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 250-499 unweighted
person-years of exposure to the risk of death.
Urban Rural Total
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 250-499 unweighted
Boys generally have higherofmortality
person-years rates
exposure to the than
risk of death.girls, especially during the neonatal mortality
period (within the first month after birth). Girls have a slightly higher mortality rate than boys
during the post neonatal period.

High-risk
- births have higher mortality rates Children born to mothers under age 20 are
Deaths in the
Deaths in thefirst year
first of life
year perper
of life 1,000 live births
1,000 live births more likely to die during infancy than
children born to mothers in the prime
MOTHER'S AGE AT BIRTH
MOTHER'S AGE AT BIRTH
<20 52
childbearing age (20-29 years). Infant
20-29
<20
33
52 mortality is 52 per 1,000 live births for
teenage mothers and 33 per 1,000 live births
20-29 33
30-39 28
30-39 28
BIRTH ORDER
BIRTH ORDER
for mothers age 20-29, compared with 28 per
1 33
2-3 1 32 33 1,000 live births for mothers age 30-39.
4 or more2-3 3932
PREVIOUS BIRTH INTERVAL
4 or more 39 Infant mortality rates are higher for Muslims
PREVIOUS BIRTH <2 (42 per 1,000 live births) than for Hindus (32
years
INTERVAL 50
2-3 years 27
<2 years
4 years or more 24
50
per 1,000 live births), but highest for
2-3 years
mothers with no formal schooling (52 per
27
4 years or more 24
Note: Category “Mother's age at birth 40-49" not shown since there are
fewer than 250 unweighted person-years of exposure to the risk of death.
1,000 live births).
Note: Category “Mother's age at birth 40-49" not shown since there are
fewer than 250 unweighted person-years of exposure to the risk of death.

By residence, infant mortality rate is almost identical in rural areas from NFHS-4 to NFHS-5. The
infant mortality rate is higher for children whose mothers have no schooling at all or less than 10
years of schooling than for mothers who have more than 10 years of schooling (23 per 1,000
livebirths).

Children born to the teenage mothers are more likely to die during
infancy than to mothers age 20-29.

13
MATERNAL HEALTH
Maternal health is an important aspect for the development of any country in terms of increasing
equity and reducing poverty. The survival and well-being of mothers are not only important in
their own right, but are also central to solving broader economic, social, and developmental
challenges. Maternal health care services are essential for the health and wellbeing of mothers,
as well as their children, affecting the overall population and its health and nutritional status.
This section describes the utilization of antenatal care, delivery care, and postnatal care by
women who reported their last births in the five years preceding the survey. It also shows the
extent of male involvement in maternal health care.

Antenatal care
Among mothers who gave birth in Four or
or More
More Antenatal
AntenatalCare
CareVisits
Visitsby
byDistrict
District
the five years preceding the survey, Percentage of
Percentage of last
lastbirths
birthsin
inthe
thepast
pastfive
fiveyears
years
87 percent received antenatal care Karnal
Karnal 8585
(ANC) for their last birth from a Panchkula
Panchkula 77
77

health professional (63% from a Rohtak

Rohtak
Hisar
72
72
70
doctor and 24% from an auxiliary Hisar
Kaithal
Kaithal
70
69
69
nurse midwife (ANM), lady health Yamunanagar
Yamunanagar 66
66

visitor (LHV), nurse, or midwife).

Sonipat 64
Sonipat 64
Rewari 64

Two percent did not receive any Rewari

Sirsa
64
62

antenatal care. Among mothers who

Sirsa 62
HARYANA 60
HARYANA
Bhiwani 6060

gave birth in the five years preceding Bhiwani

Jhajjar 6060

the survey, 97 percent registered the Jhajjar

Fatehabad 6060

pregnancy for the most recent live

Fatehabad
Kurukshetra 6060

Kurukshetra
Ambala 60
57

birth. Among the registered Mahendragarh

Ambala 55
57

pregnancies, 97 percent received a Charkhi Dadri

Mahendragarh 53
55

CharkhiPalwal 5353
Mother and Child Protection Card
Dadri
Faridabad 51
Palwal 53
(MCP Card). Jind
Faridabad
50
51
Panipat 49
Jind 50
Gurgaon 48

Just over four-fifths (85%) of women

Panipat 49
Mewat 46
Gurgaon 48
received antenatal care during the Mewat 46

first trimester of pregnancy, as is recommended. Three-fifths of mothers had four or more

antenatal care visits. Urban women were more likely to have four or more antenatal care visits
than rural women. Muslim women were less likely to receive four or more ANC than Hindu
or Sikh women.

Three-fifths of mothers in Haryana had at least four antenatal

care visits for their last birth.

Since NFHS-4, there has been an increase in the percentage of mothers who had an antenatal
check in the first trimester (from 63% to 85%) and in the proportion of women who had four or
more antenatal care visits (from 45% to 60%). For 92 percent of their last births, mothers
received iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements, but only 51 percent consumed them for the

14
recommended 100 days or more and only 32 percent consumed them for the newly
recommended 180 days or more. Ninety-one percent of last births were protected against
neonatal tetanus through tetanus toxoid vaccinations given to the mother. One-third of mothers
took an intestinal parasite drug during pregnancy. ANC visits by mothers in the first trimester
of pregnancy is highest in Sirsa district (94%) and lowest in Mewat district (71%).

Among women with a live birth in the five years preceding the survey who met with a
community health worker in the last three months of pregnancy for their most recent live birth,
more than four-fifths received advice on each of five different areas (93% received advice on
breastfeeding, 92% on the importance of institutional delivery, 90% on keeping the baby warm,
88% on cord care, and 87% on family planning).

How does appropriate antenatal care (ANC) vary with

schooling?
Percentage of last births in the past five years
86 89
83 83
78
67
63 61
56
47

Four or more ANC visits ANC visit during first trimester

No schooling <5 years complete

5-9 years complete 10-11 years complete
12 or more years complete

Even when women receive antenatal care, sometimes they do not receive all the services needed
to monitor their pregnancy. In Haryana, more than 95 percent of women who received antenatal
care for their last birth received each of the services needed to monitor their pregnancy: having
their weight taken (99%), their blood pressure measured (99%), having a blood sample taken
(98%), having a urine sample taken (97%), and having their abdomen examined (96%). A lower
proportion received information on 5 specific pregnancy complications such as convulsion
(68%), vaginal bleeding (72%), high BP (77%), severe abdominal pain (79%), and where to go in
case of pregnancy complications (84%).

An ultrasound test was performed during 88 percent of pregnancies in the five years preceding
the survey. Women with at least 10 years of schooling were much more likely to have an
ultrasound test than women with no schooling. Ninety-two percent of women with at least 12
years of schooling had an ultrasound test compared with 78 percent of women with no
schooling. Pregnant women with no sons were much more likely to have an ultrasound test than
those with at least one son. For example, among women with one child and no son (92%) or two
children, those with no sons (89%) were much more likely to have an ultrasound test during
their next pregnancy than those who had at least one son (81%).

15
Delivery care
Ninety-five percent of births take place in
a health facility (mostly a government Are babies being delivered safely?
facility) and 5 percent take place at home. Percentage of births in the past five years
The percentage of births in a health NFHS-3
NFHS-3
NFHS-4
NFHS-4
NFHS-5
NFHS-5
facility increased in the 4 years from 80
95 94
percent (NFHS-4) to 95 percent (NFHS-5). 95
85
94
Institutional births are more common 80
80
85

among women who have received 4 or

more antenatal check, women with 10 or 49
more years of schooling, women who are 49
36
having their first birth, and urban women. 36

For 93 percent of home births, a clean

blade was used to cut the cord, as is
recommended. A disposable delivery kit
In a health facility Assisted by health personnel

was used for 47 percent of deliveries. Eighty-eight percent

In a health facility of home births
Assisted followed
by health the
personnel

recommendation that the baby should be immediately wiped dry and then wrapped without
being bathed first.

Ninety-five percent of children in Haryana who were born in the past five
years were born in a health facility.

Ninety-four percent of births during the past five years took place with assistance from a skilled
provider, and another 3 percent were delivered by a traditional birth attendant.

Nineteen percent of births during the past five years were delivered by caesarean section. Thirty-
eight percent of caesarean sections (7% of all births) were emergency caesarean sections.

Among women who had a live birth in the five years preceding the survey that was delivered in
a health facility, 10 percent received financial assistance under (JSY). Rural women (11%) were
more likely than urban women (8%) to receive financial assistance under JSY. Scheduled caste
women (14%) were more likely than women from any other caste/tribe group to receive
financial assistance under JSY.

16
 Institutional Delivery by District
Institutional Delivery by District

Percentage of births in the past five years

Sonipat
Sonipat 100
100
Sirsa
Sirsa 99
99
Karnal
Karnal 99
99
Charkhi
Charkhi Dadri
Dadri 99
99
Mahendragarh 99
Mahendragarh 99
Rewari 99
Rewari 99
Jind 99
Jind 99
Kurukshetra 98
Kurukshetra 98
Hisar 98
Hisar 98
Kaithal 98
Kaithal 98
Fatehabad 98
Fatehabad 98
Ambala 98
Ambala 98
Bhiwani 98
Bhiwani 98
Rohtak 97
Rohtak 97
Jhajjar 97
Jhajjar 97
Panipat 97
Panipat
Panchkula 97
97
Panchkula
Gurgaon 97
97
Gurgaon
HARYANA 9597
HARYANA
Yamunanagar 95
95
Yamunanagar
Faridabad 9395
Faridabad
Palwal 78 93
Palwal
Mewat 7578
Mewat 75

Postnatal care
Early postnatal care for a mother helps safeguard her health and can reduce maternal mortality.
In Haryana, 95 percent of mothers had a postnatal check after their last birth and 93 percent of
mothers had a postnatal check within two days of the birth, as is recommended. Postnatal care
is most common for births in a health facility; 96 percent of births in private health facilities, 94
percent in public health facilities and followed by a postnatal check for the mother within two
days of birth, compared with 58 percent of home births.

Ninety-two percent of last births in the five years preceding the survey received a health check
in the first two days after birth. Only 44 percent of home births received a health check in the
first two days after birth.

Male involvement in maternal care

Ninety-seven percent of men with a child under three years of age said that the youngest child’s
mother received antenatal care. Eighty-two percent of men with a child under three years said
they were present during at least one antenatal check received by the child’s mother (83% in
urban areas and 82% in rural areas), but only 66 percent were told by a health provider or health
worker what to do if the mother had a pregnancy complication. Only 61-66 percent of men were
told about the signs of specific pregnancy complications (convulsions, vaginal bleeding,
prolonged labour, high blood pressure, and severe abdominal pain).

17
Most fathers with a child less than three years of age were given information about various
aspects of maternal care. More than three-fourths (76%) of men were told about the importance
of proper nutrition for the mother during pregnancy and 67 percent of men wear told about the
importance of delivering the baby in a health facility. Seventy percent of men were told by a
health provider or a health worker about family planning or delaying the next child.

CHILD HEALTH
Vaccination of children
Vaccinations are considered as the most cost-effective intervention that can improve the overall
health of children. Seventy-seven percent of children age 12-23 months received all basic
vaccinations against six major childhood illnesses (tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus,
polio, and measles) at any time before the survey. However, 96 percent of children are at least
partially vaccinated; only 4 percent have not received any vaccinations at all. Vaccinations were
recorded from a vaccination card for a large majority (87%) of children, an increase by 16
percentage points since NFHS-4 (71%).

Trends in Vaccination Coverage

Percentage of children 12-23 months receiving vaccinations
NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5

93 95
87 85 89 89
83 81
77 77 74 75 77 76 79
68 71 74 72
67
63 65 62 61
54

All basic BCG Polio 3 DPT 3 Measles

Ninety-five percent of children have received a BCG vaccination. However, more than four-
fifths (81%) have received the recommended three doses of polio vaccine, 89 percent have
received the three recommended doses of DPT or Penta vaccine, and 89 percent have been
vaccinated against measles. There is considerable dropout between the first and third doses of
DPT vaccine (from 94% to 89%) and polio vaccine (from 90% to 81%). It should be noted that the
Penta vaccine was not widely available at the time of the NFHS-4 survey.

18
 Coverage of All Basic Vaccinations by District
Percentage
Percentage of
of children
children 12-23
12-23 months
months
Jhajjar 91
Jhajjar 91
Fatehabad 91
Fatehabad 91
Karnal 89
Karnal
Hisar 86 89
Hisar
Panchkula 86
(85)
Charkhi Dadri
Panchkula 84
(85)
Sonipat
Charkhi Dadri (83)
84
Yamunanagar 83
Sonipat (83)
Panipat 81
Yamunanagar 83
Rewari 79
Panipat 81
Ambala 79
Rewari 79
Jind 78
Ambala
Rohtak 7779
Jind
HARYANA 78
77
Rohtak
Kaithal 77
(74)
Mahendragarh
HARYANA 74 77
Bhiwani
Kaithal 73(74)
Kurukshetra 70
Mahendragarh 74
Faridabad 70
Bhiwani 73
Palwal 69
Kurukshetra 70
Gurgaon (59)
Faridabad 70
Mewat 54
Palwal 69
Gurgaon (59)
Mewat 54

Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5, there was an increase in vaccination coverage for three doses of
DPT (from 77% to 89%), measles (from 79% to 89%), and BCG (from 93% to 95%). The coverage
for three doses of polio vaccine also increased, from 75 percent to 81 percent. Overall, there has
been an encouraging change in the coverage of all basic vaccinations (from 62% to 77%). In
addition, 94 percent of children have received at least one dose of hepatitis B vaccine, and 87
percent of children have received all three recommended doses of hepatitis B vaccine.

Coverage with all basic vaccinations is low for both boys and girls (77% each), and higher in
rural areas than urban areas (78% versus 74%). Coverage with all basic vaccinations is higher
among children in Hindu households (80%) than children from any other religion.

Childhood illnesses
In the two weeks before the survey, 2 percent of children under age five years had symptoms of
an acute respiratory infection (cough accompanied by (1) short, rapid breathing that is chest
related and/or (2) difficult breathing that is chest related). Of these children, 45 percent were
taken to a health facility or health provider.

Seven percent of children under age five were reported to have had fever in the two weeks
preceding the survey; 84 percent of these children were taken to a health facility or provider for
treatment.

19
Overall, 5 percent of children under age five years had diarrhoea in the two weeks preceding
the survey. Seventy-six percent of these children were taken to a health facility or health
provider. Ninety-six percent of mothers of young children have heard of oral rehydration salt
(ORS) packets for the treatment of diarrhoea, but only 47 percent of children with diarrhoea were
given ORS. One-third of children with diarrhoea were given gruel and 58 percent were given
any type of oral rehydration therapy (ORT). Twenty-six percent were given zinc supplements.
Nineteen percent of children with diarrhoea did not receive any type of treatment at all.

To reduce dehydration and minimise the effects of diarrhoea on nutritional status, it is

recommended that normal feeding of children be continued when they have diarrhoea and that
the amount of fluids given should be increased. However, in Haryana only 6 percent of children
with diarrhoea received more to drink than normal. Only 28 percent of children received the
same amount to drink as usual. Of greater concern, about two-thirds (65%) of children with
diarrhoea were given less to drink or nothing at all to drink. Only 29 percent of children with
diarrhoea were given the same amount of food or more food, as recommended.

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

The ICDS programme provides nutrition and health services for children under age six years
and pregnant or breastfeeding women, as well as preschool activities for children age 3-5 years.
These services are provided through community-based anganwadi centres (AWC).

Sixty-eight percent of children

How many children received anganwadi centre services?
under 6 years received services Percentage of age-eligible children receiving services
of some kind from an anganwadi -
centre in the 12 months 68
65
preceding the survey. The most 68 63
65 59
63 54
common services that age- 59
54 43
eligible children receive are 43
growth monitoring (65%),
supplementary food (63%),
health check-ups (59%), and
early childhood care or Any Growth Supplementary Health Immunizations Early childhood
preschool (43%). The service that service monitoring food check-ups care or
preschool
is least likely to be accessed is Any
service
Growth
monitoring
Supplementary
food
Health
check-ups
Immunizations Early childhood
care or
immunizations (54%). Over preschool
four-fifths (81%) mothers of children who were weighed at an anganwadi centre received
counselling from an anganwadi worker or an ANM.

Seventy-two percent of mothers of children under age 6 years also received any service from an
anganwadi centre during pregnancy, and 68 percent received any service while breast-feeding.
Services availed at AWCs by mothers include supplementary food, health check-up and health
and nutrition education.

20
BREASTFEEDING, NUTRITION, AND ANAEMIA
Infant feeding
Although breastfeeding is nearly universal (94%) in Haryana, only 70 percent of children under
6 months are exclusively breastfed, as the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends.
Eighty-one percent are put to the breast within the first day of life, but only 42 percent started
breastfeeding in the first hour of life (as recommended). While exclusive breastfeeding indicators
has remained the same since NFHS-4, many infants are still deprived of the highly nutritious
first milk (colostrum) and the antibodies it contains.

It is recommended that nothing be given to children other than breastmilk even in the first three
days when the milk has not begun to flow regularly because prelacteal feeds limit the frequency
of suckling by the infant and expose the baby to the risk of infection. However, 21 percent of
children are given something other than breastmilk during the first three days. Overall, 81
percent of children continue breastfeeding at 1 year and 61 percent continue breastfeeding at 2
years. The median duration of breastfeeding is 28.5 months, which is the age to which half of
children are breastfed.

After the first 6 months, breastmilk is no longer enough to meet the nutritional needs of infants.
Therefore, complementary foods should be added to the diet of the child. However, at age 6-8
months, only 42 percent of children in Haryana receive breastmilk and complementary foods.

WHO has several recommendations for infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices for
children age 6-23 months. The key IYCF indicators measure the adequacy of dietary diversity
and meal frequency for breastfed and non-breastfed children. Only 43 percent of children age 6-
23 months are fed the recommended minimum number of times per day and even fewer (20%)
are fed from the appropriate number of food groups. Only 12 percent are fed according to all
three recommended practices.

Micronutrient deficiency is a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality. Vitamin

A is an essential nutrient for the immune system. Severe vitamin A deficiency (VAD) can cause
eye damage and a higher risk of dying from measles and diarrhoeal disease. The Government
of India recommends that children under 5 years of age receive vitamin A supplements every
six months, starting at age 9 months. In Haryana, almost two-thirds (65%) of children age 9-35
months were given a vitamin A supplement in the past six months, but only 44 percent of
youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother ate vitamin A-rich foods during the
day or night before the survey.

Iron deficiency is a primary cause of anaemia. Eating foods rich in iron and taking iron
supplements can help prevent anaemia. Eight percent of children age 6-23 months ate iron-rich
foods during the day or night before the survey; however, 42 percent of children in the same age
group were given iron supplements in the week before the survey.

21
Children’s nutritional status
Childhood undernutrition contributes to childhood diseases and is a major cause of child
mortality in India. Twenty-eight percent of children under age five years are stunted, or too short
for their age, which indicates that they have been undernourished for some time. Twelve percent
are wasted, or too thin for their height, which may result from inadequate recent food intake or
a recent illness causing weight loss, and 4 percent are severely wasted. Twenty-two percent are
underweight, which takes into account both chronic and acute undernutrition. Even during the
first six months of life when almost all babies are breastfed, 18 percent of children are stunted,
25 percent are wasted, and 20 percent are underweight.

Children’s nutritional status in

Haryana has dropped since Trends in Children’s Nutritional Status
NFHS-4 by all measures. The Percentage of children under five years
percentage of children who are
NFHS-3 NFHS-4 NFHS-5
stunted decreased from 34
46
percent to 28 percent in the 4
40
years between NFHS-4 and
34
NFHS-5. The percentage of 29
28
children who are underweight
21 22
(29% versus 22%) or wasted 19

(21% versus 12%) has also 12

decreased since NFHS-4.
However, the continuing high
levels of undernutrition are still Stunted Wasted Underweight
a major problem in Haryana. (low height-for-age) (low weight-for-height) (low weight-for-age)

Note: Nutritional status estimates are based on the 2006

WHO International Reference Population
Differences in the levels of malnutrition are more pronounced for several background
characteristics. Malnutrition generally decreases with increasing mother’s schooling, better
nutritional status of the mother, and larger child’s size at birth. The level of undernutrition is
relatively high for rural children and children of higher birth orders. It is generally higher among
scheduled caste children than among children belonging to any other caste/tribe group and
lower among Sikh children than among children of any other religion. Malnutrition is somewhat
lower for female children than male children on all three nutritional status measures.

Adults’ nutritional status

Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or
nutrients, and includes undernutrition as well as overweight and obesity. The body mass index
(BMI), which is defined as a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of the person’s
height in metres, is a measure that indicates the nutritional status in adults.

Forty-eight percent of women and 43 percent of men are either too thin or overweight or obese.
Among women age 15-49, the proportion overweight or obese is one-third (33%), which has
increased by 12 percentage points since NFHS-4. More men are overweight or obese (28%) than
thin (15%), which is similar to the pattern observed in NFHS-4. Fifteen percent of women in
Haryana are too thin. More than half of women (52%) and men (57%) are at a healthy weight for

22
their height. Undernutrition is particularly common in the younger age groups (especially age
15-19), in rural areas for women, and among scheduled tribes. Overweight and obesity are most
prevalent in older adults, those in urban areas, and more educated men.

How many women are at a healthy weight for their height?

Percent distribution of women
Thin Normal weight Overweight/obese

36 35 33 31 32 31 33
38

50 48 52
54 54 52
53 51

17 21 17 15
11 11 13 11

No <5 years 5-9 years 10-11 12 or Urban Rural Total

schooling complete complete years more
complete years
complete

Schooling Residence

For the first time, the 2019-21 NFHS measured the waist circumference and hip circumference
of women and men age 15-49 years. This information was used to calculate the waist-to-hip ratio
(WHR). WHR helps to identify the distribution of body fat and predicts abdominal obesity.
Abdominal obesity is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, myocardial
infarction, stroke, and premature death.

Sixty-three percent of women and 58 percent of men have a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) that puts
them at a substantially increased risk of metabolic complications. The proportion of adults with
an increased risk WHR increases with age, from 42 percent for women age 15-19 to 76 percent
for women age 40-49, and from 35 percent for men age 15-19 to 75 percent for men age 40-49.
The proportion of both women and men having a substantially increased risk WHR is somewhat
higher in urban areas than in rural areas.

The use of iodized salt prevents iodine deficiency, which can lead to miscarriage, goitre, and
mental retardation. Ninety-six percent of households with tested salt were using iodized salt at
the time of the survey.

Anaemia
Anaemia is a condition that is marked by low levels of haemoglobin in the blood. Iron deficiency
is estimated to be responsible for about half of all anaemia globally, but anaemia can also be
caused by malaria, hookworms and other helminths, other nutritional deficiencies, chronic
infections, and genetic conditions. Anaemia can result in maternal mortality, weakness,
diminished physical and mental capacity, increased morbidity from infectious diseases,
perinatal mortality, premature delivery, low birth weight, and (in children) impaired cognitive

23
performance, motor development, and scholastic achievement. Anaemia is a major health
problem in Haryana, especially among women and children.

Seventy percent of children age 6-59 months are anaemic. This includes 27 percent who are
mildly anaemic, 40 percent who are moderately anaemic, and 4 percent who have severe
anaemia. The overall prevalence of anaemia in children slightly decreased from 72 percent in
NFHS-4 to 70 percent in NFHS-5. The prevalence of anaemia is slightly higher among boys (71%)
than girls (70%) in NFHS-5. Children of mothers who have anaemia are much more likely to be
anaemic. Although anaemia levels vary somewhat according to background characteristics,
anaemia among children is widespread in every group. More than two-thirds (69%) of children
in Haryana are anaemic even if their mother has 12 or more years of schooling. In 12 districts
any anaemia prevalence is more than 70 percent, and highest in Karnal (78%), and lowest in
Panchkula (53%).

Anaemia among women, men, and children

Mild anaemia Moderate anaemia Severe anaemia
3.8%
3.9%

40%
32%

0.7%
25% 7.0% 27%
11%

Women Men Children 6-59 months

(61% anaemic) (19% anaemic) (70% anaemic)

Over three-fifths of women (61%) in Haryana have anaemia, including one-fourth with mild
anaemia, 32 percent with moderate anaemia, and 4 percent with severe anaemia. Anaemia is
particularly high among rural women, women age 15-19, and scheduled caste women, but
anaemia exceeds 50 percent for every group of women. Anaemia among women has decreased
by 2 percentage points since NFHS-4. Nearly one-fifth (19%) of men in Haryana are anaemic.
Men age 15-19 or 40-49, and men in rural areas are particularly more likely to be anaemic.

ADULT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE

Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs. Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to
person through the air, and people with lowered immunity, HIV, malnutrition, diabetes, and
those who use tobacco or alcohol have higher chances of getting tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is
both preventable and curable, however mortality is high if not treated properly. In Haryana, 105
persons per 100,000 are estimated to have medically treated tuberculosis, based on reports from
household respondents. The prevalence of medically treated tuberculosis is lower among
women (99) than among men (111) and is higher in rural areas (121) than in urban areas (73).

24
A large majority of respondents have heard of tuberculosis (97% of women and 95% of men),
but even among those who have heard of tuberculosis, only 75 percent of women and 79 percent
of men know that it is spread through the air by coughing or sneezing. Seventy-nine of women
and 76 percent of men have misconceptions about how tuberculosis is spread. Overall, 95
percent of both men and women know that tuberculosis can be cured, and only 7 percent of
women and 8 percent of men say that if a family member had tuberculosis, they would want to
keep it a secret.

Diabetes, asthma, goitre, heart disease, and cancer

According to self-reports, 1,775 women and 1,317 men age 15-49 per 100,000 have diabetes.
Overall, 1,228 women and 545 men per 100,000 have asthma. The prevalence of asthma among
women and men is higher in older age groups, those who have less schooling, and those in rural
areas. Goitre is more common than asthma or diabetes among women, but less common than
asthma or diabetes among men (2,701 women and 400 men per 100,000). The prevalence of any
heart disease is lower among men (334 per 100,000) than among women (539 per 100,000).
Among the five diseases, cancer is the least common, with 161 women and 179 men per 100,000
reportedly having cancer.

Blood pressure (hypertension)

Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the arterial walls. Hypertension
or high blood pressure is a condition in which the blood vessels have persistently raised
pressure. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney
diseases, and brain diseases, and it is a major cause of premature deaths worldwide. Some of the
risk factors for developing hypertension are unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, alcohol and
tobacco consumption, and excess body weight.

Twelve percent of women age 15-49 in Haryana have hypertension (≥140 mmHg or ≥90 mmHg),
including 8 percent with Stage 1 hypertension (SBP 140-159 mmHg or DBP 90-99 mmHg), and
2 percent with Stage 2 (SBP 160-179 mmHg or DBP 100-109 mmHg), and 1 percent with Stage 3
hypertension (SBP ≥180 mmHg or DBP ≥110 mmHg). Hypertension also includes women with
normal blood pressure who are taking medicine to lower their blood pressure. Forty-nine
percent of women have normal blood pressure.

The prevalence of hypertension (≥140 mmHg or ≥90 mmHg) among men age 15-49 is somewhat
higher than among women. Eighteen percent of men in Haryana have hypertension, including
13 percent with Stage 1 hypertension (SBP 140-159 mmHg or DBP 90-99 mmHg), 3 percent with
Stage 2 hypertension (SBP 160-179 mmHg or DBP 100-109 mmHg), and 1 percent with Stage 3
hypertension (SBP ≥180 mmHg or DBP ≥110 mmHg). Hypertension also includes men with
normal blood pressure who are taking medicine to lower their blood pressure. Twenty-seven
percent of men have normal blood pressure. For both women and men, hypertension increases
with age.

25
Blood glucose
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood
glucose. Diabetes over a period of time can cause severe damage to the heart, blood vessels,
retina, kidneys, and nerves, and it puts sufferers at increased risk of various infectious and non-
infectious diseases. Early diagnosis, determined by blood glucose testing, and adequate
treatment are the key steps for managing diabetes and its complications. NFHS-5 has included
random blood glucose measurement using capillary blood among women and men age 15 and
above.

In Haryana, 4 percent of women age 15-49 have high blood glucose levels, and an additional 3
percent have very high blood glucose levels. In comparison, 5 percent of men age 15-49 have
high blood glucose levels, and an additional 4 percent have very high blood glucose levels.
Women and men in older age groups and no schooling have relatively high blood glucose levels.

More than 9 in 10 women (94%) and men (92%) age 15-49 have normal blood glucose levels. One
percent each of men and women have normal blood glucose levels and taking medicine to lower
their blood glucose level. Seven percent of women and 9 percent of men have high or very high
blood glucose levels or are taking medicine to lower their blood glucose level.

Screening tests for cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases with high mortality, and it is the second leading cause of death
globally. The chances of successful treatment of cancer increase if diagnosed early. One way of
early detection is screening, which is identification of unrecognized disease by using simple tests
or examinations among those individuals who have the disease but do not yet have symptoms.
NFHS-5 collected information about whether women had ever undergone a screening test for
cancer of the oral cavity, breast, and cervix.

In Haryana, less than 1 percent (0.6%) of women age 15-49 have ever undergone a screening test
for cancer of the cervix, 0.2 percent have ever undergone a screening test for breast cancer, and
0.3 percent have ever undergone a screening test for cancer of the oral cavity, which is slightly
higher among men (1%).

Health insurance
Universal access to health care is the absence of any barriers in health care, including economic
barriers. Adequate coverage by health insurance protects a person from financial hardships
because of the costs of health care. Despite the emergence of a number of health insurance
programmes and health schemes in India, only 26 percent of households in Haryana have any
kind of health insurance that covers at least one member of the household. Health insurance
coverage is more in urban areas (28%) than in rural areas (24%). In Haryana, four types of
programmes dominate: The Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS), Rashtriya Swasthya
Bima Yojana (RSBY), and ‘other’ privately purchased commercial health insurance and
Employees’ State Insurance Scheme (ESIS).

26
Only 17 percent of women and 18 percent of men age 15-49 in Haryana are covered by any health
insurance/financing scheme. Older women and men are more likely to be covered than younger
women and men. Health insurance/financing scheme coverage is much higher among men with
12 or more years of schooling than among those with no schooling.

Tobacco and alcohol use

Twenty-seven percent of men, but less than 1 percent of women (0.6%), age 15-49 use some form
of tobacco. Tobacco products mostly used by men are smokes bidis (14%), hookah (10%) and
cigarettes (7%). Among men, the use of any form of tobacco is slightly higher in rural areas (29%)
than in urban areas (22%). Most men (73%) who smoke cigarettes smoked fewer than five
cigarettes in the past 24 hours.

In Haryana, among adults age 15-49, a negligible proportion (0.1%) of women and less than one-
fifth (18%) of men drink alcohol. Among men, consumption is higher in urban areas than in rural
areas (19% versus 17%). Most men who drink alcohol drink it less than once a week (50%), about
once a week (38%), and 12 percent drink almost every day.

HIV/AIDS
This section presents the findings from NFHS-5 on HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes, prior
HIV testing, and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as sexual
behaviour of the adult and youth population. Questions on HIV/AIDS were included only in
the subsample of households selected for the state module.

Awareness of HIV or AIDS

Eighty-eight percent of women in Haryana have heard of HIV or AIDS. In urban areas, 89
percent know about HIV or AIDS, compared with 88 percent in rural areas. Women age 30-39
are more likely (92%) than any other age groups to have heard of HIV or AIDS. Women with no
schooling (74%), women with no regular exposure to media (82%), and scheduled caste women
(83%) are less likely than other women to have heard of HIV or AIDS.

Men are more likely than women to know about HIV or AIDS. Ninety-seven percent of men in
Haryana have heard of HIV or AIDS, including 97 percent each in urban and rural areas.

Knowledge of prevention and transmission

Men are much more likely than women to know how HIV/AIDS is transmitted and how to keep
from getting it. For example, only 71 percent of women know that consistent condom use can
help to prevent HIV/AIDS, compared with 89 percent of men, and 74 percent of women know
that having just one uninfected partner who has no other partners can reduce the chance of
getting HIV/AIDS, compared with 85 percent of men.

27
Only 20 percent of women and 36
percent of men in Haryana have a Do people know how to prevent HIV/AIDS?
‘comprehensive knowledge’ about Percentage of women and men age 15-49
HIV/AIDS. This means they know that Women Men
consistent use of condoms every time 89 Women85 Men
they have sex and having just one 71 74
89
uninfected sex partner who has no other 85
74
partners can reduce the chance of 71
36
getting HIV/AIDS, they know that a 20
healthy-looking person can have
36
HIV/AIDS, and they reject two
Use condoms Have one uninfected Have comprehensive
common misconceptions about the consistently partner who has no
20
knowledge
transmission or prevention of other partners

HIV/AIDS. Among the youth age 15-24

in Haryana, comprehensive knowledge Use condoms Have one uninfected Have comprehensive
consistently partner who has no knowledge
about HIV/AIDS is 25 percent; lower other partners
among females (18%) than males (32%).

HIV-related stigma
Three-quarters of women and 85 percent of men in Haryana would be willing to take care of a
relative with HIV/AIDS in their home. A slightly lower proportion of men (82%) say that a
female teacher who has HIV/AIDS but is not sick should be allowed to continue teaching. Sixty-
four percent of women and 79 percent of men say that they would buy fresh vegetables from a
shopkeeper with HIV/AIDS. Sixty-eight percent of women and 74 percent of men say that if a
family member got infected with HIV/AIDS, they would not want to keep it a secret. A slightly
higher proportion of men (78%) than women (67%) say that an HIV positive student should be
allowed to attend school with students who are HIV negative. Nearly two-thirds of women
(64%) and men (77%) think that people living with HIV/AIDS should be treated in the same
public hospital as persons who are HIV negative. Just over two-thirds (67%) women and more
of men (80%) think that people living with HIV should be allowed to work in the same office
with people who are HIV negative.

HIV testing prior to NFHS-5, blood transfusions, and safe injections

Only 18 percent of women and 7 percent of men age 15-49 had ever been tested for HIV prior to
NFHS-5. Women and men in urban areas are somewhat more likely to have ever been tested for
HIV prior to NFHS-5 than rural women and men. Twenty-six percent of women who had a live
birth in the past five years and received ANC during pregnancy were tested for HIV during
ANC. Rural women (25%) are slightly less likely than urban women (27%) to have been tested
for HIV during ANC.

Twenty-six percent of women who had a live birth in the past five years and
received ANC during pregnancy were tested for HIV during ANC.

28
In Haryana, 7 percent of women and 4 percent of men have ever had a blood transfusion.
Women are more likely than men to have received an injection in the past 12 months (43% of
women, compared with 34% of men). A disposable syringe was used for injections for 90
percent of adults who received an injection in the past 12 months.

SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
NFHS-5 included questions on respondents’ sexual behaviour. Respondents were asked about
their age at first sex, their current and previous sexual partners, higher-risk intercourse, and
condom use. In addition, men were asked whether they had paid for sex in the past year. These
questions are sensitive and subject to reporting bias, so the results should be interpreted with
caution.

Higher-risk behaviour
Higher-risk sex is sexual intercourse with someone who is neither a spouse nor a cohabiting
partner. Among those who had sex in the past 12 months, less than 1 percent (0.3) percent of
women and 12 percent of men reported having had higher-risk sex during the past 12 months.
The percentage of men who had higher-risk sexual intercourse in the past 12 months is
somewhat higher in urban areas (13%) than in rural areas (12%). Even fewer respondents said
that they had multiple sex partners in the past 12 months (1% of women and 2% of men).

Sixty-nine percent of men who had higher-risk sex in the past 12 months reported using a
condom the last time they had higher-risk sex. Among men who had higher–risk sex in the past
12 months, the proportion who reported using a condom the last time they had higher-risk
intercourse is lower in rural areas (64%) than in urban areas (77%). One percent of men said they
had paid for sex in the past year.

WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
Empowering women and promoting gender equality in every sphere of life are essential to
improving their lives and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. NFHS-5 has collected
information related to women’s empowerment and autonomy, including menstrual hygiene,
employment and earnings, decision-making, ownership of assets, gender role attitudes, and
domestic violence.

Women’s hygiene
Using a hygienic method of menstrual protection is important for women’s health and personal
hygiene. In NFHS-5, young women age 15-24 were asked what method or methods they use for
menstrual protection, if anything. In Haryana, 81 percent use sanitary napkins, 22 percent use
cloth, 15 percent use locally prepared napkins, and 0.8 percent use tampons. Overall, 93 percent
of women age 15-24 use a hygienic method of menstrual protection, up from 78 percent in NFHS-
4. Notably, 92 percent of rural women use a hygienic method of menstrual protection, compared
with 97 percent of urban women.

29
Employment and earnings
Only 23 percent of all women age 15-49, compared with 73 percent of men, were employed in
the 12 months preceding the survey. Among employed women, 83 percent earned cash,
including 8 percent who earned both cash and in-kind. Fifteen percent were not paid at all.
Ninety-six percent of men who were employed earned cash, including 9 percent who earned
both cash and in-kind. Three percent of employed men were not paid at all. A large majority
(89%) of employed women work in non-agricultural occupations, compared with 77 percent of
employed men.

Only 23 percent of all women age 15-49 were employed in the 12 months
preceding the survey.

Among currently married women who work and are paid in cash, 88 percent decide how their
earnings will be used, either alone or jointly with their husbands. Forty-three percent of women
who work for cash and whose husbands earn in cash say that they earn more than or about the
same as their husbands. Seventy-seven percent of currently married men report that they alone
or jointly with their wives decide how their wife’s earnings are used, and 47 percent of men who
have cash earnings and whose wives have cash earnings say that their wife earns more than or
about the same as them.

Decision making
Currently married women were asked who makes decisions about their own health care, major
household purchases, and visits to their own family or relatives. Women are somewhat more
likely to participate in decisions about their own health care (82%) than decisions about visits to
their own family and relatives (80%) or about major household purchases (79%). Overall, 72
percent of currently married women participate in making all three of these decisions, and 13
percent do not participate in making any of the three decisions. Participation in all three
decisions varies most by age, increasing sharply from 50 percent among women age 15-19 to 81
percent among women age 40-49.

In the case of currently married men, they are much more likely than women to report that they
alone or jointly with their wives participate in making decisions about their own health care
(97%) and 96 percent participate in decisions about major household purchases. Overall, 94
percent of currently married men participate in making both these decisions, and only 1 percent
of men do not participate in making either of these decisions.

Other indicators of women’s empowerment

In Haryana, 57 percent of women age 15-49 have money that they can decide how to use. The
proportion of women who have money that they can decide how to use is higher among urban
(64%) than rural (54%) areas, increases sharply with age (37% among age 15-19 versus 66%
among age 40-49), is much higher among women with 12 or more years of schooling (63%), and
is highest among women who are employed for cash (71%) than any other group of women.

30
Seventy-four percent of women have a bank or savings account that they themselves use. This
percentage is particularly high among women who have 12 or more years of schooling (82%).
Women’s knowledge and use of microcredit programmes is very limited. Thirty-four percent of
women know of a microcredit programme in their area, but only 5 percent have ever taken a
loan from a microcredit programme.

Nearly three-quarters (74%) of women have a bank or savings account

that they themselves use.

Less than one-third (31%) of women who have a mobile phone use it for financial transactions.
Urban women (39%) are more likely to use a mobile phone for financial transactions, than rural
women (24%). This percentage increases with education with almost half (46%) of women with
12 or more years of education using a mobile phone for financial transactions, compared with
less than one-tenth (8%) of women having no schooling. One-third of employed women who
earn cash and have a mobile phone use a mobile phone for financial transactions. Hindu women
are less likely (31%) to use a mobile phone for financial transactions, compared with Sikh women
(33%). Women not belonging to a scheduled caste, a scheduled tribe, or an other backward class
are much more likely (35%) to use a mobile phone for financial transactions than women
belonging to any other caste/tribe group.

Ownership of assets
In Haryana, 39 percent of women and half of men age 15-49 own a house alone or jointly with
someone else, and 31 percent of women and 37 percent of men own land alone or jointly with
someone else. Among men and women, ownership of a house and land is more common in rural
areas than urban areas.

Thirty-nine percent of women own a house alone or jointly with someone

else, and 31 percent of women own land alone or jointly with someone else.

Half of women have a mobile phone that they themselves use, and among women who have a
mobile phone that they themselves use, 84 percent can read SMS messages. Sixty-five percent of
urban women have a mobile phone they themselves use, compared with 43 percent of rural
women. Mobile phone access increases substantially with education, from 22 percent among
women with no schooling to 76 percent among women with 12 or more years of schooling. Only
36 percent of scheduled caste women have a mobile phone they themselves use, compared with
48-64 percent of women who belong to any other caste/tribe group. Scheduled caste women
who have a mobile phone that they themselves use are also less likely to be able to read SMS
messages (75%) than women who belong to any other caste/tribe group (81-90%).

Half of women age 15-49 in Haryana have a mobile phone that they
themselves use.

31
Gender-role attitudes
Thirty percent of women and 21 percent of men in Haryana agree that a husband is justified in
hitting or beating his wife under some circumstances. Women are most likely to agree that wife
beating is justified if a woman shows disrespect for her in-laws (22%), followed by if she neglects
the house or children (16%), if she argues with him (15%), and if he suspects her of being
unfaithful (14%). Men are less likely to agree: 21 percent say that wife beating is justified in some
circumstances, especially if the wife shows disrespect for in-laws (15%) or if he suspects her of
being unfaithful (11%) or if she argues with him (7%) or if she neglects the house or children
(6%). Even among women and men who have completed at least 12 years of schooling, 22
percent of women and 18 percent of men say that a husband is justified in beating his wife for
one or more of the specified reasons.

Eighty-six percent of women and 78 percent of men agree that a woman is justified in refusing
to have sex with her husband in some specified reasons (if she knows he has a sexually
transmitted disease, if she knows he has intercourse with other women, and if she is tired or not
in the mood). Eighty-three percent of men also agree that if a wife refuses to have sex with her
husband he does not have a right to get angry and reprimand her, refuse to give her financial
support, use force to have sex even if she doesn’t want to, or have sex with another woman.

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
The World Health Organization recognizes that violence against women, particularly domestic
or spousal violence, is a major public and clinical health problem and a violation of women’s
human rights, which also reflects the scale of gender inequality and discrimination against
women. The consequences of violence on physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health often
last a lifetime. NFHS-5 collected information on domestic violence from women age 18-49,
related to behaviours of her husband that cause physical, sexual, or emotional harm, including
physical violence, sexual coercion, emotional abuse, and controlling behaviours. Information
was also collected on violence during pregnancy and help seeking behaviour for any violence
experienced.

In Haryana, 18 percent of women age 18-49 have ever experienced physical violence, and 4
percent have ever experienced sexual violence. In all, 19 percent of women experienced physical
or sexual violence and 3 percent experienced both physical and sexual violence. For ever-
married women who experienced physical violence since age 15, the most common perpetrator
was the current husband (81%). Nine percent of never married also ever experienced physical
or sexual violence.

Twenty percent of ever-married women age 18-49 in Haryana have

experienced physical or sexual violence.

32
Violence during pregnancy
Two percent of women age 18-49 who have ever been pregnant have ever experienced physical
violence during one or more of their pregnancies. Women with less than 8 years of schooling,
with 1-2 children, who are widowed, divorced, separated, or deserted, scheduled caste women,
and Hindu women are more likely to experience violence during pregnancy than women in any
other group.

Spousal violence
In Haryana, 17 percent of ever-married women age 18-49 have experienced any form of physical
violence committed by their husband, 4 percent have experienced any form of sexual violence
committed by their husband, and 11 percent have experienced any form of emotional violence
committed by their husband.

In the past 12 months prior to the survey, 15 percent of ever-married women report having ever
been slapped by their husband. Seven percent report being pushed, shaken, or having something
thrown at them. Six percent experienced having their arm twisted or hair pulled, 5 percent being
punched with a fist or something that could hurt her, 4 percent report being kicked, dragged, or
beaten up, and 1 percent each report that her husband tried to choke or burn her on purpose and
threatened her or attacked her with a knife, gun, or any other weapon.

Three percent of ever-married women age 18-49 report that their husbands have physically
forced them to have sex even when they did not want to, and 2 percent report that their husband
forced them with threats or in any other way to perform sexual acts they did not want to
perform. Overall, 18 percent of ever-married women ever have experienced spousal physical or
sexual violence from their current husband or, if not currently married, from their most recent
husband. Three percent of ever-married women reported that they have initiated violence
against their husband when he was not already beating or physically hurting them.

Spousal violence prevails across all groups. Although spousal violence is much lower among
more educated women, 12 percent of ever-married women who have at least 12 years of
schooling have experienced emotional, physical, or sexual spousal violence. The experience of
spousal violence is higher among women in rural areas (22%) than in urban areas (20%); among
currently married women (21%) than widowed women (19%); and among women who are
employed for cash (30%) than women who are not employed (19%). Husband’s characteristics
are also related to overall spousal violence (emotional, physical, or sexual). For instance, women
are more likely to experience spousal violence if their husband gets drunk often (60%), displays
5-6 marital control behaviours (65%), gets drunk sometimes (46%), and if their husband attended
less than 5 years of schooling (39%). More than two-fifths of women (43%) of women who say
they are afraid of their husband most of the time have experienced spousal violence. The
contextual and intergenerational aspects of spousal violence are clear from the fact that women
whose mothers were beaten by their fathers are more than two times (49%) more likely to be in
abusive marriages themselves as compared with women whose mothers (18%) were not beaten
by their father.

33
 Is alcohol use related to spousal physical or sexual
violence?
Percentage of ever-married women experiencing violence
60

41

27

13

Husband does Husband drinks, but Husband gets Husband gets

not drink never gets drunk drunk sometimes drunk often

One-fifth of ever-married women age 18-49 who have ever experienced physical or sexual
violence reported suffering from injuries from what their husband did to them. That proportion
is 49 percent among women who have experienced both physical and sexual violence. The most
common types of injuries among ever-married women who have experienced physical and
sexual violence are cuts, bruises, or aches (42%); eye injuries, sprains, dislocations, or minor
burns (19%); deep wounds, broken bones, broken teeth, or any other serious injury (9%); and
severe burns (3%).

Help seeking
In Haryana, only 10 percent of women age 18-49 who have ever experienced physical or sexual
violence sought help, and same percent of women never sought help but told someone. More
than three-quarters (79%) never sought help and never told anyone.

34
Table 1 Results of the household and individual interviews

Number of households, number of interviews with women and men, and response
rates, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Residence
Result Urban Rural Total

Household interviews
Households selected 6,215 13,120 19,335
Households occupied 6,012 12,841 18,853
Households interviewed 5,745 12,484 18,229

Household response rate1 95.6 97.2 96.7

Interviews with women age 15-49

Number of eligible women 6,935 15,961 22,896
Number of eligible women interviewed 6,625 15,284 21,909

Women response rate2 95.5 95.8 95.7

Interviews with men age 15-54

Number of eligible men 1,111 2,693 3,804
Number of eligible men interviewed 946 2,278 3,224

Men response rate2 85.1 84.6 84.8

Note: Eligible women and men are women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 who stayed in the
household the night before the household interview (including both usual residents and
visitors). This table is based on the unweighted sample.
1 Households interviewed/households occupied
2
Respondents interviewed/eligible respondents

35
Table 2 Results of the household and individual interviews by district

Number of households, number of women and men interviewed, and response rates by residence and district, Haryana, 2019-21

Households Household Number of women Women Number of men Men

interviewed interviewed interviewed
response response response
District Urban Rural Total rate1 Urban Rural Total rate2 Urban Rural Total rate2

Ambala 403 499 902 98.9 474 665 1,139 98.3 88 112 200 96.2
Bhiwani 199 656 855 95.3 239 807 1,046 92.0 36 107 143 74.5
Charkhi Dadri 82 756 838 95.3 91 869 960 92.3 6 107 113 74.3
Faridabad 663 194 857 99.2 775 258 1,033 98.2 136 48 184 89.3
Fatehabad 163 590 753 96.8 192 707 899 93.5 23 122 145 74.7
Gurgaon 538 262 800 91.6 530 319 849 92.2 63 35 98 75.4
Hisar 240 592 832 94.0 302 714 1,016 93.6 35 117 152 81.3
Jhajjar 200 600 800 97.6 229 682 911 96.2 31 111 142 89.3
Jind 203 658 861 96.0 245 808 1,053 94.4 34 125 159 78.7
Kaithal 147 590 737 96.3 199 673 872 93.5 7 90 97 68.8
Karnal 277 641 918 99.1 369 868 1,237 99.3 58 144 202 98.1
Kurukshetra 234 654 888 98.4 282 858 1,140 98.9 46 138 184 98.4
Mahendragarh 128 762 890 97.5 152 845 997 96.2 24 140 164 92.7
Mewat 104 786 890 97.3 113 965 1,078 95.7 26 133 159 86.4
Palwal 218 679 897 97.6 278 888 1,166 98.3 43 148 191 94.1
Panchkula 319 360 679 90.9 292 459 751 90.9 28 55 83 63.8
Panipat 374 478 852 97.4 429 575 1,004 96.5 59 84 143 80.8
Rewari 213 670 883 99.1 250 771 1,021 97.8 30 120 150 93.2
Rohtak 327 499 826 93.8 386 592 978 94.4 55 84 139 76.0
Sirsa 98 385 483 94.3 99 489 588 92.9 na 28 28 71.8
Sonipat 267 605 872 98.6 297 720 1,017 98.4 46 110 156 83.9
Yamunanagar 348 568 916 99.8 402 752 1,154 97.4 72 120 192 96.0

Haryana 5,745 12,484 18,229 96.7 6,625 15,284 21,909 95.7 946 2,278 3,224 84.8
Note: This table is based on the unweighted sample; all subsequent tables are based on the weighted sample unless otherwise specified. The number of women and
men is based on the de facto population.
na = Not applicable
1 Households interviewed/households occupied
2 Respondents interviewed/eligible respondents

36
Table 3 Household population by age, schooling, residence, sex, and possession of an Aadhaar card

Percent distribution of the de facto household population by age and schooling and percentage of de facto individuals who have an
Aadhaar card, according to residence and sex, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

Background characteristic Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Age
0-4 6.8 7.2 7.0 8.5 8.1 8.3 8.0 7.8 7.9
5-9 8.5 7.3 7.9 9.4 8.4 8.9 9.1 8.0 8.6
10-14 8.7 7.8 8.3 9.6 8.5 9.1 9.3 8.3 8.8
15-19 8.9 8.0 8.5 9.2 8.7 8.9 9.1 8.5 8.8
20-24 9.6 8.7 9.2 9.6 9.1 9.3 9.6 8.9 9.3
25-29 9.1 9.7 9.4 8.8 9.2 9.0 8.9 9.4 9.1
30-34 8.4 8.8 8.6 7.6 8.0 7.8 7.8 8.3 8.0
35-39 7.5 7.8 7.7 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.2
40-44 6.4 6.8 6.6 5.9 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.1
45-49 5.9 6.3 6.1 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.8 5.6
50-54 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.5
55-59 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.3
60-64 4.4 4.8 4.6 4.1 5.2 4.6 4.2 5.0 4.6
65-69 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
70-74 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.0
75-79 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
80 and over 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.2

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Aadhaar card
Percentage with an
Aadhaar card 97.4 97.1 97.2 98.0 98.0 98.0 97.8 97.7 97.8

Number 15,034 13,702 28,736 30,379 28,330 58,712 45,412 42,032 87,448

Sex ratio, all ages1 na na 911 na na 933 na na 926

Sex ratio, age 0-6 years1 na na 879 na na 864 na na 868

Schooling2
No schooling 6.6 17.6 11.9 11.5 30.4 20.6 9.8 26.2 17.7
<5 years complete 12.8 10.7 11.8 13.9 12.4 13.2 13.5 11.8 12.7
5-9 years complete 27.7 27.7 27.7 32.7 30.3 31.5 31.0 29.5 30.3
10-11 years complete 16.4 12.6 14.6 16.7 10.7 13.8 16.6 11.3 14.0
12 or more years complete 36.4 31.3 34.0 25.2 16.2 20.8 28.9 21.2 25.2
Don't know 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number 13,786 12,533 26,319 27,248 25,573 52,825 41,035 38,106 79,144

Median number of years of

schooling completed 9.2 7.8 8.7 7.8 4.8 6.9 8.3 6.1 7.4
Note: The total columns include transgender persons, who are not shown separately in the male and female columns.
na = Not applicable
1 Females per 1,000 males
2
Population age 6 and above

37
Table 4 Household and housing characteristics

Percent distribution of urban, rural, and total households and de jure population by household and housing characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

De jure
Household and housing characteristic Urban Rural Total population

Household headship
Male 85.6 85.5 85.5 87.2
Female 14.4 14.5 14.5 12.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mean household size 4.5 5.0 4.8 na

Household structure1
Nuclear 56.0 47.6 50.5 38.8
Non-nuclear 44.0 52.4 49.5 61.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Religion of household head

Hindu 93.3 89.6 90.9 90.1
Muslim 2.8 6.7 5.4 6.3
Sikh 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4
Other 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Caste/tribe of household head

Scheduled caste 22.7 32.7 29.1 29.8
Scheduled tribe 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1
Other backward class 28.1 28.6 28.4 28.7
Other 47.3 37.3 40.9 40.0
Don't know 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Electricity
Yes 99.8 99.4 99.5 99.6
No 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Source of drinking water

Improved source 99.4 98.2 98.6 98.6
Piped water into dwelling/yard/plot 69.7 61.6 64.5 64.0
Piped to neighbour 0.9 1.7 1.4 1.4
Public tap/standpipe 3.2 8.4 6.6 6.6
Tube well or borehole 9.4 18.7 15.5 16.3
Other improved2 16.2 7.8 10.7 10.2
Unimproved source 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.8
Unprotected dug well 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.3
Unprotected spring 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0
Surface water 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4
Other source 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Continued…

38
Table 4 Household and housing characteristics—Continued

Percent distribution of urban, rural, and total households and de jure population by household and housing characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

De jure
Household and housing characteristic Urban Rural Total population

Time to obtain drinking water (round trip)

Water on premises/delivered to dwelling 90.0 81.3 84.4 84.0
Less than 30 minutes 8.6 11.2 10.3 10.2
Thirty minutes or longer 1.3 7.4 5.3 5.8
Don't know 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Percentage with basic drinking water service3 98.1 91.3 93.7 93.2

Percentage with limited drinking water service4 1.2 7.0 4.9 5.4

Water treatment prior to drinking5

Boil 7.8 7.3 7.5 7.4
Bleach or chlorine tablets 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5
Strain through cloth 2.0 4.5 3.6 3.6
Use ceramic, sand, or other water filter 11.1 4.1 6.6 6.5
Use electronic purifier 27.6 8.4 15.1 15.0
Use solar disinfection 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Allow water to stand and settle 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.6
Other 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3
No treatment 52.4 74.9 67.0 67.2

Percentage using an appropriate treatment method6 44.8 19.7 28.5 28.3

Sanitation Facility
Improved, not shared facility 83.8 82.6 83.1 85.0
Flush/pour flush to piped sewer system, septic tank, or pit latrine 83.0 78.5 80.1 81.9
Flush/pour flush, don't know where 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pit latrine with slab 0.6 3.6 2.5 2.6
Other7 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4
Shared facility8 13.9 10.7 11.8 10.2
Flush/pour flush to piped sewer system, septic tank, or pit latrine 13.8 9.8 11.2 9.6
Flush/pour flush, don't know where 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pit latrine with slab 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.4
Other7 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1
Unimproved 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.6
Flush/pour flush not to piped sewer system, septic tank, or pit
latrine 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
Pit latrine without slab/open pit 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.6
Dry toilet 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
Other 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3

No facility/uses open spaces/field 1.3 4.6 3.4 3.2

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Percentage with basic sanitation service9 83.8 82.6 83.1 85.0

Percentage with limited sanitation service10 13.9 10.7 11.8 10.2

Continued…

39
Table 4 Household and housing characteristics—Continued

Percent distribution of urban, rural, and total households and de jure population by household and housing characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

De jure
Household and housing characteristic Urban Rural Total population

Type of house11
Kachha 0.2 1.2 0.9 0.9
Semi-pucca 10.1 27.8 21.5 21.8
Pucca 89.0 69.7 76.5 76.3
Missing 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Persons per room used for sleeping

<3 65.0 57.5 60.2 54.0
3-4 26.8 32.4 30.4 34.5
5-6 7.5 8.3 8.0 9.4
7 and over 0.8 1.7 1.4 2.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Cooking fuel
Electricity 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.6
LPG/natural gas 89.6 41.6 58.5 55.0
Biogas 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.5
Kerosene 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Coal/lignite 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.8
Charcoal 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.4
Wood 6.6 36.9 26.3 28.5
Straw/shrubs/grass 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1
Agricultural crop waste 0.5 8.6 5.8 6.3
Dung cakes 1.8 9.7 6.9 7.7
No food cooked in the household 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1
Other 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Percentage using clean fuel for cooking12 90.5 42.6 59.5 56.0

Percentage using solid fuel for cooking13 9.1 57.0 40.1 43.8

Place for cooking

In the house, separate room 71.8 49.8 57.6 57.3
In the house, no separate room 14.2 13.9 14.0 12.6
In a separate building 7.9 8.9 8.6 8.9
Outdoors 5.7 27.0 19.5 21.0
No food cooked in household 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1
Other 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number 6,421 11,808 18,229 88,374

Type of fire/stove among households using solid fuels13

Stove 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7
Chullah 98.8 98.7 98.7 98.8
Open fire 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number using solid fuel 582 6,726 7,309 38,696

Continued…

40
Table 4 Household and housing characteristics—Continued

Percent distribution of urban, rural, and total households and de jure population by household and housing characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

De jure
Household and housing characteristic Urban Rural Total population

Frequency of smoking in the house14

Daily 27.5 43.0 37.6 40.1
Weekly 7.2 8.5 8.0 8.0
Monthly 5.7 4.9 5.2 5.1
Less than monthly 4.6 3.7 4.1 3.9
Never 55.0 39.8 45.2 42.8

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number 6,421 11,808 18,229 88,374

na = Not applicable
1 Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological,

adopted, or fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.
2 Protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater, community RO plant, tanker truck, cart with small tank, bottled water
3 Defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided either water is on the premises or round-trip collection time is 30 minutes or less.

Includes safely managed drinking water, which is not shown separately.

4 Drinking water from an improved source, provided round-trip collection time is more than 30 minutes or is unknown.
5
Total may add to more than 100.0 because households may use more than one method of treatment
6 Appropriate water treatment methods are boiling, adding bleach/chlorine tablets, filtering, electronic purifying, and solar disinfection
7 Includes ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine/biogas latrine, and twin pit/composting toilet
8 Facilities that would be considered improved if they were not shared by two or more households
9 Defined as use of improved facilities that are not shared with other households.
10 Defined as use of improved facilities shared by two or more households.
11
Houses made from mud, thatch, or other low-quality materials are called kachha houses, houses that use partly low-quality and partly high-
quality materials are called semi-pucca houses, and houses made with high quality materials throughout, including the floor, roof, and exterior
walls, are called pucca houses.
12 Electricity, LPG/natural gas, biogas
13
Includes coal/lignite, charcoal, wood, straw/shrubs/grass, agricultural crop waste, and dung cakes
14 Frequency of smoking by anyone inside the house

41
Table 5 Access to a toilet facility

Percentage of households having access to a toilet facility by selected

background characteristics, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Background characteristic Urban Rural Total

Religion of household head

Hindu 99.0 96.1 97.2
Muslim 91.8 88.4 89.0
Sikh 99.2 99.2 99.2
Other (100.0) * (97.7)

Caste/tribe of household head

Scheduled caste 98.0 93.4 94.7
Scheduled tribe 96.7 95.7 96.1
Other backward class 98.3 95.3 96.3
Other 99.6 98.1 98.7
Don't know 95.5 96.0 95.7

Total 98.8 95.7 96.8

Note: Includes households that have any type of toilet facility that household
members usually use and households that do not use a toilet facility but report that
they have access to a toilet facility. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49
unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25
unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

42
Table 6 Access to a toilet facility by district

Percentage of households having access to a toilet facility by

district, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

District Urban Rural Total

Ambala 99.4 95.9 97.3

Bhiwani 98.6 94.7 95.7
Charkhi Dadri 100.0 95.5 96.0
Faridabad 99.5 96.5 98.9
Fatehabad 98.9 98.2 98.3
Gurgaon 98.2 97.9 98.1
Hisar 98.4 98.0 98.1
Jhajjar 100.0 98.1 98.6
Jind 100.0 95.8 96.6
Kaithal 98.0 96.4 96.8
Karnal 98.4 97.1 97.5
Kurukshetra 99.6 98.4 98.7
Mahendragarh 98.4 86.9 88.4
Mewat 92.8 87.3 88.0
Palwal 95.3 89.9 91.2
Panchkula 97.6 98.6 98.1
Panipat 99.5 97.7 98.5
Rewari 98.8 95.2 96.2
Rohtak 100.0 97.3 98.5
Sirsa 100.0 98.8 99.0
Sonipat 98.6 96.9 97.5
Yamunanagar 99.6 96.2 97.6

Haryana 98.8 95.7 96.8

Note: Includes households that have any type of toilet facility that
household members usually use and households that do not use a
toilet facility but report that they have access to a toilet facility.

43
Table 7 Household possessions and land ownership

Percentage of urban, rural, and total households and de jure population possessing various household goods, means of
transport, agricultural land, a house, and farm animals and having a bank/post office account, a health insurance/financing
scheme, a BPL card, and a long-lasting insecticide-treated (LLIN) mosquito net, Haryana, 2019-21

De jure
Household possessions Urban Rural Total population

Household goods
Mattress 93.7 88.4 90.3 91.5
Pressure cooker 95.0 85.1 88.6 89.6
Chair 90.9 89.3 89.8 91.1
Cot or bed 91.2 97.8 95.5 96.4
Table 83.6 77.7 79.8 81.9
Electric fan 97.9 97.1 97.4 97.7
Radio or transistor 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.0
Television (black and white) 2.0 2.6 2.4 2.4
Television (colour) 87.4 76.8 80.5 82.9
Any television 88.1 78.3 81.8 84.1
Sewing machine 62.5 64.1 63.6 68.1
Mobile telephone 98.1 96.8 97.2 98.0
Landline telephone 3.0 1.2 1.8 1.8
Internet 80.2 68.9 72.9 75.6
Computer 24.3 7.9 13.7 14.1
Refrigerator 78.3 69.3 72.5 75.4
Air conditioner/cooler 71.1 56.7 61.8 64.2
Washing machine 68.8 57.0 61.2 64.6
Watch or clock 91.1 86.8 88.3 89.5
Water pump 38.0 39.9 39.2 41.3
Thresher 0.7 2.8 2.0 2.6
Tractor 1.2 9.9 6.9 8.5
None of the above 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Means of transport
Bicycle 44.7 44.0 44.3 47.2
Motorcycle or scooter 64.9 62.4 63.3 67.8
Animal-drawn cart 1.2 8.8 6.1 7.3
Car 22.0 11.6 15.3 16.6
None of the above 19.8 21.8 21.1 17.5
Agricultural land
No agricultural land 88.3 57.1 68.1 66.2
Irrigated land only 10.0 39.8 29.3 31.1
Non-irrigated land only 0.6 1.6 1.2 1.2
Both irrigated and non-irrigated land 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.6
Irrigation not determined 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percentage owning a house 71.9 80.1 77.2 78.9
Percentage owning farm animals1 7.9 56.4 39.3 44.7
Percentage having a bank account/post office account2 95.5 96.5 96.1 96.5
Percentage covered by a health insurance/financing scheme3 28.3 24.2 25.7 25.9
Percentage having a BPL card 18.6 26.9 24.0 24.8
Percentage with an LLIN mosquito net 5.1 15.9 12.1 13.0
Number 6,421 11,808 18,229 88,374
BPL = Below poverty line
1 Cows, bulls, buffaloes, camels, horses, donkeys, mules, goats, sheep, chickens, or ducks
2 Percentage of households in which any usual member of the household has a bank account/post office account
3 Percentage of households in which any usual member of the household is covered by a health insurance/financing scheme

44
Table 8 Preschool attendance

Percent of de facto household population age 2-4 years attending preschool by selected background characteristics, according to residence
and sex, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

Background characteristic Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Religion of household head

Hindu 21.5 28.3 24.6 24.2 22.8 23.5 23.3 24.5 23.9
Muslim (2.8) * 8.8 8.9 7.1 8.0 8.0 8.4 8.1
Sikh * * (30.4) 19.5 (31.5) 24.5 20.9 32.3 25.8

Caste/tribe of household head

Scheduled caste 19.6 18.1 18.9 22.3 19.5 21.0 21.7 19.1 20.5
Scheduled tribe * * * * (10.5) (15.9) (17.1) (13.6) 15.1
Other backward class 18.0 32.7 24.5 17.4 18.0 17.7 17.6 21.8 19.6
Other 23.7 32.6 27.5 26.5 26.9 26.6 25.5 28.9 26.9
Don't know * * * * * * * * (21.0)

Household structure1
Nuclear 10.8 24.1 16.9 18.5 15.5 17.1 16.0 18.4 17.1
Non-nuclear 26.3 30.3 28.1 24.0 23.6 23.8 24.7 25.4 25.0

Family size
3-5 members 16.5 31.4 23.3 21.6 22.6 22.0 19.9 25.9 22.5
6 or more members 24.2 25.3 24.7 22.7 20.5 21.6 23.1 21.7 22.4

Total 20.6 28.0 24.0 22.3 21.1 21.7 21.8 23.1 22.4

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has
been suppressed. Total includes children in households with household head belonging to other religions, households with household head whose
caste/tribe is not known, and households with 1-2 members, who are not shown separately.
1 Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted, or

fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.

45
Table 9 Preschool attendance by district

Percentage of de facto household population age 2-4 years attending preschool by district, according to residence and sex,
Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

District Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Ambala (54.9) (55.5) 55.2 50.6 (49.1) 50.0 51.8 51.6 51.8
Bhiwani (21.8) * 15.2 12.6 7.4 10.0 15.5 6.8 11.4
Charkhi Dadri * * * 19.9 19.3 19.6 19.4 18.8 19.2
Faridabad 13.3 29.9 20.4 (13.8) * 17.8 13.4 28.1 19.8
Fatehabad * * (15.4) 16.7 20.3 18.1 16.8 18.8 17.6
Gurgaon (2.0) (18.6) 9.8 (21.4) (14.7) 17.4 8.8 16.8 12.9
Hisar (16.8) (14.9) 15.9 18.3 14.7 16.5 17.8 14.8 16.3
Jhajjar * * (15.9) 13.6 16.1 14.7 13.2 16.8 15.0
Jind * (17.8) (13.9) 14.1 12.7 13.5 13.4 13.8 13.6
Kaithal * * (19.1) 15.7 13.7 14.7 14.2 16.6 15.4
Karnal (43.3) * 43.1 48.2 40.8 45.0 46.9 41.2 44.5
Kurukshetra * (29.5) 29.7 32.1 38.2 34.8 31.7 35.4 33.6
Mahendragarh * * * 12.9 8.6 11.2 13.3 10.0 12.0
Mewat (14.9) * (14.9) 6.8 7.7 7.2 7.8 8.3 8.0
Palwal (21.5) (29.4) 25.1 11.4 5.9 9.0 13.3 10.8 12.2
Panchkula (18.3) * 17.6 (24.5) (15.3) 20.4 21.5 15.9 19.1
Panipat (35.8) (37.1) 36.4 26.6 31.1 29.0 30.2 33.0 31.6
Rewari * * (5.4) 16.7 (10.9) 14.7 14.4 8.1 12.3
Rohtak (17.3) (33.8) 24.1 23.7 16.5 20.4 21.2 22.5 21.8
Sirsa * * * 15.4 (21.8) 18.0 13.8 (18.7) 16.0
Sonipat (31.4) (35.2) 33.1 48.6 47.1 47.9 42.4 43.3 42.8
Yamunanagar (42.4) (69.0) 54.6 45.2 44.6 44.9 44.2 52.8 48.3

Haryana 20.6 28.0 24.0 22.3 21.1 21.7 21.8 23.1 22.4

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted
cases and has been suppressed.

46
Table 10 School attendance

Percentage of de facto household population age 6-17 years attending school in the 2019-20 school year by sex and residence, according to
background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Male Female Total

Background characteristic Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total

Age
6-10 (Primary) 96.9 96.9 96.9 95.7 95.2 95.3 96.4 96.1 96.2
6-13 (Elementary) 96.0 96.1 96.1 94.8 94.1 94.3 95.4 95.2 95.3
11-13 (Upper Primary) 94.3 94.8 94.6 93.4 92.4 92.7 93.9 93.7 93.7
14-15 (Secondary) 84.4 85.3 85.0 91.0 82.1 84.9 87.6 83.8 85.0
16-17 (Higher Secondary) 70.7 68.6 69.3 72.5 64.6 67.0 71.5 66.7 68.2

11-14 years 92.0 92.6 92.4 92.7 90.7 91.4 92.4 91.7 91.9
15-17 years 74.7 74.3 74.4 79.1 69.2 72.3 76.7 71.9 73.4

6-14 years 94.9 95.0 94.9 94.3 93.2 93.5 94.6 94.2 94.3
6-17 years 89.6 89.9 89.8 90.4 87.0 88.1 90.0 88.6 89.0

Religion of household head

Hindu 90.4 92.1 91.5 91.8 90.7 91.1 91.0 91.5 91.3
Muslim 69.9 73.1 72.7 65.1 58.8 59.7 67.5 66.4 66.6
Sikh 89.4 88.2 88.6 87.4 90.6 89.6 88.5 89.3 89.1
Other * * * * * * * * (79.8)

Caste/tribe of household head

Scheduled caste 85.0 86.6 86.2 86.0 85.4 85.5 85.5 86.0 85.9
Scheduled tribe (71.1) 79.3 76.9 (78.5) 73.7 75.4 74.4 77.2 76.3
Other backward class 89.2 88.1 88.4 88.8 83.1 84.8 89.0 85.9 86.8
Other 93.7 95.2 94.7 95.4 93.8 94.4 94.4 94.6 94.5
Note: In this table, children's age refers to their age at the start of the 2019-20 school year (assumed here to be April 2019). Figures in parentheses are based on
25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

47
Table 11 Children's living arrangements and orphanhood

Percent distribution of de jure children under age 18 by their living arrangements, and percentage of children with
one or both biological parents dead, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Living Living Percentage

with mother with father Not living with one
Background Living with but not but not with either or both Number of
characteristic both parents with father with mother parent Total parents dead1 children

Age
<5 years 91.5 6.6 0.7 1.2 100.0 1.2 7,014
5-9 years 89.1 7.1 1.5 2.3 100.0 3.5 7,540
10-14 years 87.7 7.5 2.1 2.7 100.0 6.2 7,749
15-17 years 84.6 9.6 2.5 3.3 100.0 9.6 4,624

Residence
Urban 90.2 6.0 1.4 2.4 100.0 5.2 8,110
Rural 87.9 8.2 1.7 2.3 100.0 4.5 18,818

Sex
Male 88.8 7.8 1.5 1.9 100.0 4.8 14,599
Female 88.2 7.2 1.8 2.8 100.0 4.6 12,327

Total age <15 years 89.4 7.1 1.5 2.1 100.0 3.7 22,303

Total age <18 years 88.5 7.5 1.6 2.3 100.0 4.7 26,927
1 Includes children with father dead, mother dead, both parents dead, and one parent dead but missing information on survival
status of the other parent

48
Table 12 Birth registration of children under age 5

Percentage of de jure children under age 5 years whose birth was registered with
the civil authorities, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of children
whose birth was registered
Registered, Registered,
Background has a birth does not have a Total De jure
characteristic certificate birth certificate registered children

Age
<2 81.1 12.5 93.6 2,763
2-4 90.5 5.6 96.1 4,251

Sex
Male 85.9 8.8 94.7 3,690
Female 87.8 7.8 95.6 3,324

Residence
Urban 87.9 7.9 95.7 2,033
Rural 86.4 8.5 94.9 4,981

Total 86.8 8.3 95.1 7,014

49
Table 13 Birth registration of children under age 5 by district

Percentage of de jure children under age 5 years whose birth was registered with
the civil authorities, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of children whose

birth was registered
Registered, Registered,
has a birth does not have a Total De jure
District certificate birth certificate registered children

Ambala 84.6 8.5 93.1 251

Bhiwani 86.5 5.8 92.4 351
Charkhi Dadri 84.6 7.5 92.2 144
Faridabad 85.3 10.3 95.6 460
Fatehabad 94.0 4.7 98.7 284
Gurgaon 78.8 5.3 84.1 354
Hisar 93.6 5.2 98.8 544
Jhajjar 88.6 8.5 97.1 276
Jind 90.8 4.1 94.9 348
Kaithal 97.5 2.2 99.6 289
Karnal 86.1 13.3 99.3 447
Kurukshetra 85.2 12.7 97.9 260
Mahendragarh 92.1 4.1 96.2 205
Mewat 65.7 19.1 84.8 506
Palwal 78.6 13.4 92.0 390
Panchkula 93.6 3.6 97.2 113
Panipat 85.9 10.5 96.4 359
Rewari 89.4 6.7 96.1 211
Rohtak 86.8 10.2 97.0 275
Sirsa 94.8 5.2 100.0 307
Sonipat 91.4 5.3 96.7 373
Yamunanagar 94.7 3.3 98.0 267

Haryana 86.8 8.3 95.1 7,014

50
Table 14 Death registration

Among deaths of usual residents during the 3 years preceding the survey, percentage of deaths registered with civil
authority by selected background characteristics, according to residence and sex, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

Background characteristic Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Age at death
0-4 81.9 (71.8) 77.8 76.0 67.0 72.7 77.7 68.5 74.2
15-24 * * * (79.6) * 84.3 81.4 (88.2) 84.1
20-24 * * * (77.9) * 84.7 (79.8) * 85.3
25-34 * * (96.0) (92.1) * 87.8 94.6 (80.0) 90.7
35 and over 92.3 88.0 90.8 89.3 87.0 88.4 90.2 87.3 89.1

Religion of household head

Hindu 91.6 86.1 89.6 87.3 84.5 86.3 88.6 85.0 87.2
Muslim * * * 77.1 (56.4) 68.9 75.8 57.0 68.2
Sikh * * (83.9) (93.8) * (96.8) (94.1) (89.3) 91.8

Caste/tribe of household head

Scheduled caste 90.0 (73.7) 84.6 85.5 86.3 85.8 86.7 83.7 85.5
Other backward class 94.4 86.2 91.5 85.3 78.0 82.4 88.2 80.2 85.1
Other1 91.9 91.4 91.7 89.0 86.2 87.9 89.9 88.0 89.1

Total 91.3 84.7 88.8 86.8 83.2 85.4 88.1 83.6 86.4

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25
unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes deaths of persons age 5-9 or 10-14 or 15-19, persons belonging to other
religions, and persons belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, which are not shown separately.
1 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

51
Table 15 Death registration by district

Among deaths of usual residents during the 3 years preceding the survey, percentage of deaths registered
with civil authority by district, according to residence and sex, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

District Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Ambala (86.8) * 87.9 85.2 (89.9) 87.1 85.8 89.7 87.4

Bhiwani * * * (87.1) * 88.6 91.2 (85.9) 89.5
Charkhi Dadri * * * 98.4 (90.1) 95.7 97.1 (87.3) 93.9
Faridabad (76.9) * 72.5 * * (88.0) 80.0 (74.3) 77.5
Fatehabad * * * (96.1) * 91.2 96.6 (85.7) 92.7
Gurgaon * * (84.3) * * (100.0) (88.8) * 91.1
Hisar * * * (74.6) * 77.0 81.7 (84.6) 82.6
Jhajjar * * * (92.1) (92.4) 92.2 93.6 (91.4) 92.7
Jind * * (95.8) (93.0) * 92.0 94.1 (91.2) 92.9
Kaithal * * * (97.2) * 95.4 (95.9) (94.4) 95.3
Karnal * * (96.4) 96.5 (82.3) 89.8 97.4 83.2 91.1
Kurukshetra * * * 90.0 (86.0) 88.3 91.0 (80.4) 86.7
Mahendragarh * * * (80.3) (86.2) 83.1 82.0 (87.2) 84.3
Mewat * * * (72.1) (61.8) 68.4 69.6 (61.3) 66.8
Palwal * * (78.2) 73.9 (60.7) 69.2 76.8 (61.1) 71.1
Panchkula * * * * * (95.2) (100.0) (93.7) 97.0
Panipat * * (91.8) (83.7) (61.8) 74.5 86.3 (69.2) 79.2
Rewari * * * (79.0) * 80.8 82.8 * 84.2
Rohtak * * (91.8) (86.1) (88.6) 87.1 89.8 (87.0) 88.8
Sirsa * * * * * (77.4) * * (81.6)
Sonipat * * (94.1) 92.9 * 91.3 93.6 (89.0) 92.0
Yamunanagar (100.0) * (97.9) 86.6 (83.3) 85.4 91.6 (86.7) 89.9

Haryana 91.3 84.7 88.8 86.8 83.2 85.4 88.1 83.6 86.4

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer
than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

52
Table 16 Disability

Percentage of de jure household population having disability by type of disability, according to residence, age, and sex, Haryana,
2019-21

Type of disability
Background Hearing Speech Visual Mental Number of
characteristic Any disability disability disability disability Locomotor Other persons
FEMALE

Residence
Urban 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 13,769
Rural 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 28,604

Age
0-4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 3,324
5-14 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 6,869
15-24 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 7,375
25-34 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 7,475
35-49 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.1 8,128
50-69 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 7,298
70 and over 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 1,905

Total 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 42,373

MALE

Residence
Urban 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 15,166
Rural 1.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 30,835

Age
0-4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 3,690
5-14 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 8,422
15-24 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 8,625
25-34 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 7,735
35-49 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.2 8,579
50-69 1.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 7,183
70 and over 1.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 1,765

Total 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 46,001

TOTAL

Residence
Urban 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 28,934
Rural 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 59,439

Age
0-4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 7,014
5-14 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 15,291
15-24 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 16,000
25-34 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 15,211
35-49 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 16,707
50-69 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 14,481
70 and over 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 3,670

Total 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 88,374

Note: Table is based on the responses of the respondent to the household questionnaire.

53
Table 17 Background characteristics of respondents

Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 by selected background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Weighted percent Number of women Number of men

Background characteristic Women Men Weighted Unweighted Weighted Unweighted

Age
15-19 15.7 19.2 3,438 3,457 581 579
20-24 16.2 17.4 3,546 3,571 526 534
25-29 17.1 15.5 3,748 3,711 469 455
30-34 15.2 14.7 3,331 3,316 444 440
35-39 13.5 12.1 2,967 2,962 365 371
40-44 11.6 11.6 2,537 2,526 350 345
45-49 10.7 9.7 2,343 2,366 293 298

Residence
Urban 33.7 32.9 7,391 6,625 996 878
Rural 66.3 67.1 14,518 15,284 2,033 2,144

Schooling
No schooling 15.9 5.9 3,493 3,548 178 180
<5 years complete 2.9 2.6 640 631 79 78
5-9 years complete 31.6 29.4 6,924 6,957 890 896
10-11 years complete 16.4 21.6 3,590 3,600 653 647
12 or more years complete 33.1 40.6 7,262 7,173 1,229 1,221

Literacy
Literate1 79.7 91.5 17,463 17,403 2,772 2,759
Not literate 19.3 8.3 4,235 4,297 253 259
Not measured 1.0 0.1 211 209 4 4

Percentage exposed to various media

Reads a newspaper/magazine at least once a week 12.9 29.4 2,819 2,827 890 889
Watches television at least once a week 62.6 52.7 13,720 13,512 1,595 1,645
Listens to the radio at least once a week 2.1 6.3 466 456 190 193
Visits the cinema/theatre at least once a month 7.3 10.1 1,589 1,566 305 321
Not regularly exposed to any media 32.9 36.6 7,208 7,435 1,110 1,067

Marital status
Never married 24.1 42.2 5,285 5,280 1,278 1,283
Currently married 71.8 56.7 15,739 15,752 1,716 1,703
Married, gauna not performed 0.1 0.0 18 21 0 0
Widowed 3.4 0.5 738 736 14 16
Divorced/separated/deserted 0.6 0.7 129 120 20 20

Religion
Hindu 91.1 91.2 19,952 19,722 2,763 2,703
Muslim 5.5 5.8 1,194 1,408 174 217
Sikh 3.3 2.8 724 736 84 96
Other 0.2 0.2 39 43 6 6

Continued…

54
Table 17 Background characteristics of respondents—Continued

Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 by selected background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Weighted percent Number of women Number of men

Background characteristic Women Men Weighted Unweighted Weighted Unweighted

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 30.1 28.0 6,599 6,522 847 869
Scheduled tribe 0.8 1.2 182 174 36 35
Other backward class 28.8 32.5 6,317 6,509 983 983
Other 39.8 38.2 8,730 8,607 1,155 1,126
Don't know 0.4 0.3 81 97 8 9

Total age 15-49 100.0 100.0 21,909 21,909 3,029 3,022

Age 50-54 na 6.1 na na 195 202

Total age 15-54 na 100.0 na na 3,224 3,224

Employment status (past 12 months)

Employed at any time 22.8 73.0 731 729 2,212 2,201
In agricultural occupation 2.5 17.0 81 90 515 525
In non-agricultural occupation 19.0 50.2 609 594 1,521 1,488
Don't know 1.3 5.8 41 45 176 188
Not employed 77.2 27.0 2,478 2,541 817 821

Total age 15-49 100.0 100.0 3,209 3,270 3,029 3,022

Age 50-54 na 6.1 na na 195 202

Total age 15-54 na 100.0 na na 3,224 3,224

na = Not applicable
1
Refers to women/men who can read a whole sentence or part of a sentence and women/men who completed standard 9 or higher (who are assumed
to be literate)

55
Table 18 Fertility trends

Age-specific and total fertility rates and crude birth rates for the 3 years preceding the survey from NFHS-5, NFHS-4, and
NFHS-3, by residence, Haryana

NFHS-5 NFHS-4 NFHS-3

Age Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total

15-19 0.021 0.029 0.027 0.036 0.043 0.041 0.045 0.082 0.072
20-24 0.130 0.182 0.165 0.155 0.210 0.189 0.192 0.274 0.248
25-29 0.114 0.139 0.131 0.119 0.126 0.123 0.127 0.127 0.127
30-34 0.052 0.045 0.047 0.036 0.042 0.040 0.052 0.054 0.054
35-39 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.007 0.016 0.012 0.018 0.022 0.021
40-44 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.005 (0.000) 0.016 0.011
45-49 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.002 (0.000) (0.008) 0.005

TFR (15-49) 1.65 2.04 1.91 1.78 2.22 2.05 2.17 2.92 2.69
CBR 14.1 17.5 16.4 16.3 20.3 18.7 18.7 23.7 22.1
Note: Rates are for the period 1-36 months preceding the survey (approximately 2003-05 for NFHS-3, 2013-2015 for NFHS-4, and 2017-2019
for NFHS-5). Age-specific fertility rates are expressed per woman. Figures in parentheses are based on 125-249 unweighted woman-years
of exposure.
TFR = Total fertility rate, expressed per woman
CBR = Crude birth rate, expressed per 1,000 population

56
Table 19 Fertility by background characteristics

Total fertility rate for the 3 years preceding the survey, percentage of women age 15-49
currently pregnant, mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49, and total
wanted fertility by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage Mean number

of women of children
age 15-49 ever born
Total currently to women Total wanted
Background characteristic fertility rate pregnant age 40-49 fertility rate

Residence
Urban 1.65 3.5 2.7 1.38
Rural 2.04 4.0 3.1 1.62

Schooling
No schooling 3.12 3.0 3.5 2.36
<5 years complete 2.82 3.8 3.1 2.07
5-9 years complete 2.14 3.5 2.9 1.66
10-11 years complete 1.81 3.1 2.5 1.48
12 or more years complete 1.74 4.9 2.1 1.52

Religion
Hindu 1.81 3.6 2.9 1.47
Muslim 3.87 8.3 4.9 2.85
Sikh 1.55 3.0 2.5 1.33
Other (1.67) (5.9) * (1.29)

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 2.02 4.4 3.5 1.53
Scheduled tribe 1.95 5.7 (2.9) 1.84
Other backward class 2.05 4.3 3.1 1.67
Other 1.72 3.0 2.6 1.44
Don't know 2.88 7.1 * 2.42

Total 1.91 3.8 3.0 1.54

Note: Total fertility rates are for the period 1-36 months preceding the interview. Figures in
parentheses are based on 125-249 unweighted woman-years of exposure for the fertility rates and
25-49 unweighted cases for currently pregnant women and mean number of children ever born. An
asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

57
Table 20 Teenage pregnancy and motherhood

Percentage of women age 15-19 who have had a live birth or who are pregnant with their
first child, and percentage who have begun childbearing, by background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21
Percentage of
Percentage of women
women age
age 15-19 who: 15-19 who
Have had Are pregnant have begun Number of
Background characteristic a live birth with first child childbearing women

Age
15-17 0.0 1.1 1.1 2,041
15 0.0 0.0 0.0 663
16 0.0 0.0 0.0 707
17 0.0 1.1 1.1 671
18 2.2 2.8 5.0 734
19 6.7 6.7 13.4 663

Residence
Urban 1.5 1.5 3.0 1,067
Rural 1.9 2.4 4.3 2,372

Schooling
No schooling 7.4 5.7 13.1 82
<5 years complete (3.8) (5.7) (9.5) 25
5-9 years complete 2.2 2.5 4.7 1,373
10-11 years complete 1.2 1.0 2.2 1,238
12 or more years complete 1.1 2.8 3.9 721

Marital status
Never married 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,169
Currently married 22.5 26.9 49.4 269

Religion
Hindu 1.5 2.1 3.5 3,037
Muslim 4.1 2.9 7.0 287
Sikh 3.9 0.7 4.6 108

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 1.4 2.6 4.1 1,204
Other backward class 1.8 2.4 4.2 1,018
Other1 2.0 1.4 3.4 1,183

Total 1.8 2.1 3.9 3,438

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes women belonging to
other religions and women belonging to scheduled tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are
not shown separately.
1 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

58
Table 21 Birth order

Percent distribution of births to all women during the 3 years preceding the survey by birth order,
according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and percent distribution of births to
women by birth order, NFHS-4

Birth order Number

Background characteristic 1 2 3 4 or more Total of births

Mother's current age

15-19 93.4 5.4 1.2 0.0 100.0 61
20-29 46.8 34.6 12.9 5.7 100.0 3,146
30-39 17.0 34.0 20.3 28.8 100.0 820
40-49 (12.3) (23.8) (25.4) (38.5) 100.0 43

Residence
Urban 45.1 34.4 12.8 7.7 100.0 1,171
Rural 39.6 33.7 15.0 11.8 100.0 2,900

Mother's schooling
No schooling 19.3 24.7 21.4 34.5 100.0 551
<5 years complete 18.0 29.6 24.0 28.4 100.0 136
5-9 years complete 34.8 34.5 17.9 12.7 100.0 1,182
10-11 years complete 45.9 35.1 13.5 5.5 100.0 518
12 or more years complete 53.2 36.4 9.0 1.4 100.0 1,684

Religion
Hindu 43.1 35.1 14.1 7.7 100.0 3,518
Muslim 23.3 24.3 16.8 35.6 100.0 438
Sikh 51.1 32.1 10.6 6.2 100.0 109

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 37.3 34.2 16.1 12.4 100.0 1,311
Scheduled tribe (40.7) (36.6) (10.4) (12.3) 100.0 32
Other backward class 41.1 32.8 13.1 13.0 100.0 1,282
Other 45.1 34.5 13.8 6.6 100.0 1,420
Don't know (24.0) (35.8) (21.2) (19.0) 100.0 25

Total 41.2 33.9 14.3 10.6 100.0 4,071

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 42.5 31.8 15.1 10.6 100.0 4,679

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes information on births to
women belonging to other religions, which is not shown separately.

59
Table 22 Birth intervals

Percent distribution of births during the 5 years preceding the survey by interval since the preceding birth, and median number of months
since the preceding birth, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Median
Months since preceding birth
Number number of
60 or of non-first months since
Background characteristic 7-17 18-23 24-35 36-47 48-59 more Total order births preceding birth

Mother's current age

20-29 19.3 20.8 32.0 14.5 8.3 5.1 100.0 2,544 26.7
30-39 7.9 10.0 23.1 17.1 13.7 28.1 100.0 1,466 41.7
40-49 4.2 7.8 16.0 12.2 11.0 48.8 100.0 94 59.5

Residence
Urban 13.5 12.6 22.8 15.9 12.4 22.7 100.0 1,140 36.5
Rural 15.4 18.3 30.6 15.2 9.5 11.1 100.0 2,968 29.6

Mother's schooling
No schooling 16.9 16.8 33.9 13.7 7.3 11.5 100.0 806 28.5
<5 years complete 16.3 15.5 32.6 17.3 10.4 7.9 100.0 194 31.2
5-9 years complete 14.9 18.6 29.9 14.2 9.5 12.8 100.0 1,356 29.2
10-11 years complete 14.0 17.7 26.9 16.4 11.2 13.8 100.0 484 32.0
12 or more years
complete 13.7 14.3 23.3 17.2 12.7 18.8 100.0 1,266 35.0

Religion
Hindu 14.7 16.3 27.5 16.0 10.4 15.1 100.0 3,450 32.1
Muslim 16.4 20.0 34.5 12.0 8.4 8.6 100.0 555 27.5
Sikh 10.8 11.8 30.0 12.8 17.5 17.0 100.0 96 34.5

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 17.0 16.9 31.2 15.1 9.7 10.0 100.0 1,425 29.3
Scheduled tribe (17.5) (19.7) (32.0) (6.7) (9.0) (15.2) 100.0 34 (28.4)
Other backward class 13.9 18.1 29.6 15.1 10.2 13.1 100.0 1,290 30.6
Other 13.3 14.8 24.3 16.5 11.1 20.0 100.0 1,327 34.6
Don't know (22.7) (24.8) (27.6) (6.6) (3.4) (14.8) 100.0 32 (24.3)

Birth order
2-3 15.2 16.6 27.0 15.7 10.6 14.9 100.0 3,370 31.9
4-6 13.3 17.1 34.9 14.2 9.4 11.1 100.0 675 29.7
7 or more 13.8 17.9 36.4 11.1 5.6 15.2 100.0 62 29.6

Sex of preceding birth

Male 15.9 15.7 29.0 14.3 9.3 15.7 100.0 1,807 31.6
Female 14.1 17.4 28.0 16.3 11.1 13.2 100.0 2,300 31.4

Survival of preceding birth

Living 13.4 16.6 28.9 15.9 10.7 14.6 100.0 3,872 32.2
Dead 40.1 18.6 21.4 6.5 3.7 9.6 100.0 235 21.0

Total 14.9 16.7 28.4 15.4 10.3 14.3 100.0 4,107 31.5

Note: The interval for multiple births is the number of months since the preceding pregnancy that ended in a live birth. Figures in parentheses are based on
25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes information on births to women age 15-19 and women belonging to other religions, which is not shown separately.

60
Table 23 Fertility preferences by number of living children

Percent distribution of currently married women and men age 15-49 by desire for children, according to number of living children,
Haryana, 2019-21

Number of living children1

6 or Total Total
Desire for children 0 1 2 3 4 5 more 15-49 15-54
WOMEN

Want another soon2 70.9 18.4 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.7 2.6 9.7 na
Want another later3 10.4 33.5 2.9 1.8 1.3 1.6 0.3 8.8 na
Want another, undecided when 1.9 1.9 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 na
Undecided 4.8 6.1 1.9 1.4 2.1 3.7 6.7 2.9 na
Want no more 3.3 31.5 52.2 40.6 39.4 41.3 56.3 41.7 na
Sterilized4 1.2 5.5 37.5 51.6 52.6 46.9 29.6 33.3 na
Declared infecund 7.1 2.2 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.8 2.4 1.5 na
Missing 0.5 0.8 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.8 2.1 1.5 na

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 na

Number 957 3,027 6,711 3,240 1,199 368 237 15,739 na

MEN

Want another soon2 58.5 20.1 4.4 4.2 3.8 (3.8) (9.0) 11.7 10.6
Want another later3 17.4 33.3 2.4 2.1 1.3 (0.0) (0.0) 9.4 8.5
Want another, undecided when 2.7 3.4 0.7 0.3 0.0 (0.0) (2.5) 1.3 1.1
Undecided 2.3 6.1 1.5 1.3 1.9 (3.9) (3.8) 2.6 2.3
Want no more 12.0 35.3 84.6 82.2 84.0 (74.3) (74.3) 68.3 70.2
Sterilized4 2.2 1.0 6.4 9.6 7.9 (18.0) (7.8) 6.1 6.4
Declared infecund 5.0 0.6 0.1 0.2 1.1 (0.0) (2.5) 0.7 0.9
Missing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 0.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 134 337 712 337 126 44 26 1,716 1,902
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
na = Not applicable
1 Includes current pregnancy of woman/wife
2 Want next birth within 2 years
3 Want to delay next birth for 2 or more years
4 For Women: Includes both female and male sterilization and women who have had a hysterectomy

For Men: Includes male sterilization and men who mention in response to the question about desire for children that their wife has been sterilized

61
Table 24 Desire not to have any more children

Percentage of currently married women and men age 15-49 who want no more children by number of living children, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and by number of living children, NFHS-4

Women: Number of living children1 Men: Number of living children1

Background 4 or 4 or
characteristic 0 1 2 3 more Total 0 1 2 3 more Total

Age
15-24 1.7 12.2 69.1 74.3 * 26.5 (4.2) 3.0 * * * 13.6
25-34 4.0 38.2 88.2 88.5 81.1 72.2 4.3 29.2 84.2 82.4 (73.4) 59.6
35-49 19.1 78.7 94.5 95.2 93.8 92.2 * 65.3 96.3 96.4 94.0 91.9

Residence
Urban 3.3 37.4 91.4 92.3 93.3 74.9 (10.7) 35.4 93.1 94.2 97.7 73.7
Rural 5.0 36.9 88.7 92.1 89.4 75.0 16.1 36.8 90.0 90.9 87.0 74.7

Schooling
No schooling 11.0 40.9 87.9 90.5 89.0 83.3 * * (78.7) (100.0) (86.4) 80.0
<5 years complete * (43.2) 90.5 94.4 91.4 83.9 * * * * * 89.8
5-9 years complete 7.4 37.8 90.1 93.5 92.1 79.8 (20.3) 35.9 91.5 89.7 90.4 79.6
10-11 years complete 3.6 37.6 91.1 93.1 96.1 76.6 * 38.2 93.0 95.9 (93.0) 77.7
12 or more years
complete 1.6 35.9 89.1 89.6 82.2 62.7 8.7 35.6 90.7 88.9 * 65.9

Religion
Hindu 4.5 37.3 90.6 93.2 93.8 76.1 13.5 37.6 91.9 94.6 95.4 75.8
Muslim 0.0 11.8 53.6 72.8 74.9 56.0 * * (50.9) (48.9) 74.2 51.3
Sikh (10.0) 51.5 87.7 95.1 (97.0) 73.3 * * (100.0) * * 74.8
Other * * * * * (79.8) * * * * * *

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 5.7 22.3 89.8 93.0 93.1 75.5 (8.7) 28.4 91.8 94.7 91.7 74.6
Scheduled tribe * * 88.9 (96.0) * 78.3 * * * * * *
Other backward class 3.3 32.1 87.5 90.6 88.7 73.1 (10.2) 27.1 89.0 90.2 90.3 73.0
Other 4.2 47.1 91.1 92.7 88.0 75.9 23.3 45.8 91.8 90.4 (88.1) 75.4
Don't know * * (67.3) * * 62.0 * * * * * *

Number of living sons2

0 4.3 17.1 43.6 48.6 56.8 22.5 14.1 14.5 42.0 * * 23.0
1 na 50.9 93.9 95.1 94.3 84.1 na 50.5 96.1 94.8 96.9 84.8
2 na na 95.8 96.1 94.2 95.6 na na 96.9 95.8 92.8 95.9
3 na na na 95.6 86.9 91.4 na na na * * (96.5)
4 or more na na na na na 88.6 na na na na na *

Total 4.4 37.1 89.6 92.2 90.4 75.0 14.1 36.3 91.0 91.8 90.7 74.4

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 4.6 29.5 87.4 90.6 88.0 71.1 14.7 30.3 90.6 93.4 87.6 71.4
Note: Women who have been sterilized or whose husband has been sterilized are considered to want no more children. Men who are sterilized or who mention
in response to the question about desire for children that their wife has been sterilized are considered to want no more children. Figures in parentheses are
based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
1 Includes current pregnancy of woman/wife
2 Excludes pregnant women and men with pregnant wives

62
Table 25 Ideal number of children

Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 by ideal number of children, and mean ideal number of children, by number of living
children, Haryana, 2019-21, and percent distribution women and men age 15-49 by ideal number of children, NFHS-4

Number of living children1

6 or NFHS-4
Ideal number of children 0 1 2 3 4 5 more Total (2015-16)
WOMEN

0 5.8 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.4 0.8 2.3 2.1 3.1

1 14.7 24.2 3.3 1.7 1.1 0.7 0.0 9.1 8.4
2 73.3 72.4 92.1 70.9 59.5 47.3 26.3 77.0 71.9
3 2.6 1.9 3.2 23.3 18.6 24.2 16.8 7.5 10.9
4 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.4 17.1 15.6 26.6 2.5 4.1
5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 6.6 6.7 0.4 0.7
6 or more 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 2.3 16.2 0.4 0.7
Non-numeric responses 2.6 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 2.4 5.0 1.1 0.2

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 6,293 3,141 7,061 3,457 1,297 400 261 21,909 21,652

Mean ideal number of children for2:

All respondents 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.7 2.0 2.1
Number of all respondents 6,130 3,133 7,041 3,443 1,284 391 248 21,669 21,608

Currently married respondents 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.7 2.1 2.2
Number of currently married respondents 952 3,019 6,691 3,226 1,186 360 224 15,659 16,275

MEN

0 22.1 4.7 5.0 1.7 2.8 (5.5) (7.8) 12.6 2.5

1 5.5 16.1 2.7 1.0 0.8 (0.0) (0.0) 5.2 6.8
2 62.8 71.6 86.5 66.0 45.5 (46.9) (31.8) 68.6 69.6
3 4.3 4.2 3.4 26.4 21.8 (27.1) (13.1) 7.7 15.4
4 1.5 1.4 1.8 2.8 22.1 (9.9) (12.5) 2.8 2.8
5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.2 (6.9) (5.9) 0.3 0.7
6 or more 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.6 (3.6) (25.2) 0.6 0.6
Non-numeric responses 3.5 1.4 0.4 1.7 5.1 (0.0) (3.8) 2.3 1.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 1,425 342 722 341 127 45 26 3,029 3,380

Mean ideal number of children for2:

All respondents 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.7 (2.7) (3.6) 1.9 2.1
Number of all respondents 1,375 337 719 335 121 45 25 2,958 3,326

Currently married respondents 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.3 2.7 (2.7) (3.6) 2.1 2.2
Number of currently married respondents 145 337 718 335 121 45 25 1,727 2,061
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
1 Includes current pregnancy for women or wife's current pregnancy for men
2 Means are calculated excluding respondents who gave non-numeric responses

63
 Table 26 Indicators of sex preference

Percentage women and men age 15-49 who want more sons than daughters, percentage who want more daughters than sons, percentage who want at least one son, and percentage who want
at least one daughter, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Women Men
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
who want who want more Percentage Percentage who who want who want more Percentage Percentage who
more sons daughters who want at want at least Number more sons daughters who want at want at least Number
Background characteristic than daughters than sons least one son one daughter of women than daughters than sons least one son one daughter of men

Age
15-19 6.5 1.7 76.3 73.6 3,304 7.9 1.0 64.5 61.3 552
20-29 7.8 1.9 84.2 81.1 7,176 7.3 2.1 69.7 67.8 970
30-39 11.1 2.1 89.5 85.9 6,241 13.0 2.7 81.8 77.0 799
40-49 16.1 2.0 92.0 88.8 4,826 14.6 3.9 81.9 78.4 630

Residence
Urban 9.0 1.8 82.7 79.7 7,274 10.2 1.6 72.4 68.7 975
Rural 11.1 2.0 88.1 84.8 14,273 10.7 2.9 75.7 72.6 1,977

64
Schooling
No schooling 20.9 2.4 93.9 91.3 3,420 16.9 5.2 77.3 74.6 172
<5 years complete 17.3 1.9 94.3 91.5 638 19.4 4.6 81.2 78.8 77
5-9 years complete 10.3 1.9 88.7 85.8 6,812 13.8 2.4 79.1 75.6 861
10-11 years complete 7.3 1.4 84.1 80.2 3,520 7.0 2.1 74.4 73.3 636
12 or more years complete 6.4 2.1 80.7 77.2 7,156 8.5 2.2 70.7 66.4 1,206

Marital status
Never married 5.6 1.9 75.5 72.9 5,116 7.3 1.2 62.1 59.2 1,230
Currently married 11.7 2.0 89.6 86.2 15,567 12.5 3.4 83.5 80.2 1,687
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 15.6 2.1 89.8 86.5 864 (26.1) (0.0) (87.9) (70.4) 34

Religion
Hindu 9.6 1.8 86.3 83.0 19,678 10.0 2.4 74.4 71.0 2,694
Muslim 26.7 4.7 88.9 87.2 1,116 20.5 4.4 80.3 78.8 166
Sikh 7.5 1.4 82.7 79.9 714 6.9 2.0 71.4 69.1 84
Other (10.9) (6.8) (76.1) (69.7) 39 * * * * 6

Continued…
 Table 26 Indicators of sex preference—Continued

Percentage women and men age 15-49 who want more sons than daughters, percentage who want more daughters than sons, percentage who want at least one son, and percentage who want
at least one daughter, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Women Men
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
who want who want more Percentage Percentage who who want who want more Percentage Percentage who
more sons daughters who want at want at least Number more sons daughters who want at want at least Number
Background characteristic than daughters than sons least one son one daughter of women than daughters than sons least one son one daughter of men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 9.9 1.9 89.0 87.0 6,518 11.7 2.8 79.1 77.1 804
Scheduled tribe 11.1 3.7 95.2 92.7 174 (1.8) (0.0) (95.8) (94.0) 36
Other backward class 12.8 2.0 87.0 83.5 6,193 12.0 2.6 73.0 69.3 968
Other 9.0 2.0 83.5 79.6 8,588 8.6 2.1 72.3 68.4 1,136
Don't know 11.6 0.0 87.5 83.5 75 * * * * 8

Total 10.4 2.0 86.3 83.1 21,547 10.5 2.5 74.6 71.3 2,951

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 15.4 1.3 85.1 79.8 21,582 19.6 1.5 89.0 81.8 3,325

65
Note: Table excludes women and men who gave non-numeric responses to the questions on ideal number of children or ideal number of sons or daughters. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
Table 27 Knowledge of contraceptive methods

Percentage of all women and men, currently married women and men, and never married women and men age 15-49 years who
know any contraceptive method by specific method and residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Currently Never Currently Never
married married married married
Method All women women women All men men men
URBAN

Any method 98.5 100.0 94.4 99.0 100.0 97.6

Any modern method 98.5 100.0 94.4 99.0 100.0 97.6

Female sterilization 97.3 99.5 91.1 94.0 99.3 86.9
Male sterilization 89.8 96.1 72.4 95.6 99.6 90.3
Pill 92.3 98.0 76.7 89.1 97.8 77.6
IUD or PPIUD 90.1 97.6 69.4 64.1 76.2 48.0
Injectables 84.1 91.9 63.3 75.8 88.6 59.4
Condom/Nirodh 94.4 98.9 82.1 98.2 99.8 96.2
Female condom 25.8 28.4 19.2 38.9 44.6 32.0
Emergency contraception 63.7 73.0 38.3 63.3 73.0 51.2
Diaphragm 8.5 9.2 6.4 21.1 26.1 15.0
Foam or jelly 6.5 7.2 4.5 17.0 20.7 12.5
Standard days method 35.2 42.2 15.7 35.4 44.7 23.5
Lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) 47.1 57.7 17.5 30.7 38.6 20.7
Other modern method 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.9 1.1 0.3

Pill, IUD/PPIUD, and condom1 86.5 96.0 60.6 62.7 75.6 45.7

Any traditional method 81.1 95.6 41.4 81.1 90.6 68.5

Rhythm 68.4 81.6 32.3 61.6 72.7 47.3
Withdrawal 74.6 91.1 30.0 79.1 88.2 67.2
Other 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0

Mean number of methods known by

respondents age 15-49 8.8 9.8 6.2 8.7 9.7 7.3
Number of respondents age 15-49 7,391 5,133 1,966 996 554 432

Continued…

66
Table 27 Knowledge of contraceptive methods—Continued

Percentage of all women and men, currently married women and men, and never married women and men age 15-49 years who
know any contraceptive method by specific method and residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Currently Never Currently Never
married married married married
Method All women women women All men men men
RURAL

Any method 98.5 99.9 93.9 99.6 99.8 99.3

Any modern method 98.5 99.9 93.7 99.6 99.8 99.3

Female sterilization 97.5 99.4 91.0 96.0 98.2 93.0
Male sterilization 90.9 96.3 72.8 96.2 98.5 93.2
Pill 91.9 97.0 74.6 89.4 94.7 82.4
IUD or PPIUD 89.7 96.3 67.4 64.0 75.7 48.3
Injectables 82.0 88.2 61.6 73.8 79.9 65.6
Condom/Nirodh 92.2 97.3 75.3 98.4 99.0 97.4
Female condom 21.1 22.6 16.3 36.1 37.6 34.3
Emergency contraception 57.3 64.4 35.0 62.6 70.4 52.0
Diaphragm 7.4 8.0 5.8 18.7 20.5 16.9
Foam or jelly 5.0 5.5 3.7 15.5 16.9 13.9
Standard days method 35.9 42.1 15.3 38.9 46.6 28.4
Lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) 48.0 57.0 17.8 26.2 32.1 18.1
Other modern method 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.8 2.0 1.7

Pill, IUD/PPIUD, and condom1 85.0 93.3 57.7 61.7 74.2 45.0

Any traditional method 81.5 94.1 39.6 80.3 87.4 70.5

Rhythm 66.0 77.0 29.9 58.0 68.4 43.8
Withdrawal 74.9 89.1 28.3 76.5 83.0 67.8
Other 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.2

Mean number of methods known by

respondents age 15-49 8.6 9.4 6.0 8.5 9.3 7.6
Number of respondents age 15-49 14,518 10,605 3,337 2,033 1,162 847

Continued…

67
Table 27 Knowledge of contraceptive methods—Continued

Percentage of all women and men, currently married women and men, and never married women and men age 15-49 years who
know any contraceptive method by specific method and residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Currently Never Currently Never
married married married married
Method All women women women All men men men
TOTAL

Any method 98.5 99.9 94.1 99.4 99.9 98.7

Any modern method 98.5 99.9 94.0 99.4 99.9 98.7

Female sterilization 97.4 99.4 91.1 95.3 98.6 91.0
Male sterilization 90.5 96.3 72.7 96.0 98.9 92.2
Pill 92.0 97.3 75.4 89.3 95.7 80.8
IUD or PPIUD 89.8 96.7 68.2 64.0 75.8 48.2
Injectables 82.7 89.4 62.2 74.4 82.7 63.5
Condom/Nirodh 92.9 97.8 77.8 98.3 99.3 97.0
Female condom 22.7 24.5 17.4 37.0 39.9 33.5
Emergency contraception 59.5 67.2 36.2 62.8 71.3 51.7
Diaphragm 7.8 8.4 6.1 19.5 22.3 16.2
Foam or jelly 5.5 6.1 4.0 16.0 18.1 13.4
Standard days method 35.7 42.2 15.4 37.8 46.0 26.8
Lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) 47.7 57.3 17.7 27.7 34.2 19.0
Other modern method 0.5 0.6 0.3 1.5 1.7 1.2

Pill, IUD/PPIUD, and condom1 85.5 94.1 58.8 62.0 74.6 45.2

Any traditional method 81.3 94.6 40.3 80.5 88.5 69.8

Rhythm 66.8 78.5 30.8 59.2 69.8 45.0
Withdrawal 74.8 89.7 28.9 77.4 84.7 67.6
Other 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1

Mean number of methods known by

respondents age 15-49 8.7 9.5 6.0 8.6 9.4 7.5
Number of respondents age 15-49 21,909 15,739 5,304 3,029 1,716 1,278
IUD=Intrauterine device; PPIUD=Postpartum intrauterine
1 All three methods

68
 Table 28 Current use of contraception by background characteristics

Percent distribution of currently married women age 15-49 years by contraceptive method currently used, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Modern method Traditional method

Any Female Male Emergency Other Any Not Number
Background Any modern sterili- sterili- IUD or Inject- Condom/ Female contra- modern traditional With- currently of
characteristic method method zation zation Pill PPIUD ables Nirodh condom ception LAM method method Rhythm drawal Other using Total women

Age
15-19 21.4 13.8 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.7 0.0 10.6 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 7.6 5.0 2.6 0.0 78.6 100.0 269
20-24 41.0 27.7 3.5 0.0 2.0 4.8 0.4 16.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 13.4 9.1 4.2 0.0 59.0 100.0 1,890
25-29 67.5 52.6 17.6 0.3 2.9 7.1 0.8 23.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 14.9 9.9 5.0 0.0 32.5 100.0 3,278
30-39 82.9 70.0 36.0 1.1 3.7 5.8 0.4 21.7 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.8 13.0 8.8 4.2 0.0 17.1 100.0 5,974
40-49 81.1 70.8 53.0 1.6 2.0 2.5 0.1 10.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 10.3 7.2 3.1 0.0 18.9 100.0 4,328

Residence
Urban 73.5 59.0 24.1 0.7 2.9 5.0 0.4 24.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 14.5 9.8 4.7 0.0 26.5 100.0 5,133
Rural 72.9 61.3 36.3 1.1 2.8 4.9 0.4 14.9 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.4 11.7 7.9 3.7 0.0 27.1 100.0 10,605

69
Schooling
No schooling 74.5 64.3 51.1 1.2 2.0 2.2 0.5 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 10.2 6.3 3.9 0.0 25.5 100.0 3,083
<5 years complete 76.3 67.3 44.2 2.5 3.3 4.0 0.1 12.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 8.9 5.9 3.0 0.0 23.7 100.0 556
5-9 years complete 76.1 63.9 39.0 1.3 3.3 4.5 0.2 14.7 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 12.2 8.7 3.5 0.0 23.9 100.0 5,137
10-11 years complete 73.2 61.0 29.5 0.7 2.8 6.7 0.6 19.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.9 12.2 8.7 3.5 0.0 26.8 100.0 2,147
12 or more years
complete 68.7 53.5 13.2 0.3 2.7 6.5 0.4 29.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.8 15.2 10.1 5.1 0.0 31.3 100.0 4,816

Religion
Hindu 74.6 62.2 33.8 1.0 2.8 5.0 0.3 18.4 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 12.4 8.5 3.9 0.0 25.4 100.0 14,354
Muslim 47.5 32.3 11.1 0.1 3.3 3.8 1.7 10.3 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.6 15.1 8.8 6.4 0.0 52.5 100.0 842
Sikh 73.7 58.9 26.4 0.7 1.9 5.7 0.0 23.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4 14.8 10.4 4.4 0.0 26.3 100.0 515
Other (69.9) (58.4) (26.8) (0.0) (10.9) (6.3) (0.0) (14.4) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (11.5) (11.5) (0.0) (0.0) (30.1) 100.0 27

Continued…
 Table 28 Current use of contraception by background characteristics—Continued

Percent distribution of currently married women age 15-49 years by contraceptive method currently used, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Modern method Traditional method

Any Female Male Emergency Other Any Not Number
Background Any modern sterili- sterili- IUD or Inject- Condom/ Female contra- modern traditional With- currently of
characteristic method method zation zation Pill PPIUD ables Nirodh condom ception LAM method method Rhythm drawal Other using Total women

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 72.0 61.9 38.3 1.4 2.4 3.3 0.1 15.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 10.1 7.1 3.0 0.0 28.0 100.0 4,587
Scheduled tribe 66.0 58.2 39.7 1.8 0.5 3.6 0.0 11.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 7.7 6.7 1.1 0.0 34.0 100.0 142
Other backward class 71.4 57.8 31.4 0.6 2.7 4.3 0.4 17.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.5 13.7 9.0 4.7 0.0 28.6 100.0 4,569
Other 75.5 61.8 28.6 0.8 3.2 6.6 0.6 20.6 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.9 13.7 9.3 4.4 0.0 24.5 100.0 6,378
Don't know 63.9 46.1 24.8 0.0 4.4 5.8 1.2 9.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.8 13.6 4.2 0.0 36.1 100.0 63

Number of living
children
No children 13.2 8.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.1 3.1 2.0 0.0 86.8 100.0 1,323
1 child 59.0 41.6 5.5 0.2 2.6 6.2 0.4 25.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.6 17.4 11.7 5.6 0.0 41.0 100.0 2,941
1 son 65.6 47.1 7.4 0.3 2.7 7.8 0.3 27.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.8 18.6 12.3 6.3 0.0 34.4 100.0 1,928

70
No sons 46.5 31.3 1.9 0.1 2.4 3.2 0.5 21.8 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.1 15.1 10.7 4.4 0.0 53.5 100.0 1,012
2 children 83.7 70.4 37.5 1.0 3.1 5.7 0.4 21.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.9 13.3 8.9 4.4 0.0 16.3 100.0 6,537
1 or more sons 85.8 72.7 40.5 1.1 3.0 5.8 0.4 20.6 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.9 13.1 8.6 4.4 0.0 14.2 100.0 5,981
No sons 62.1 45.6 5.0 0.0 3.8 5.1 0.2 31.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 16.5 12.2 4.3 0.0 37.9 100.0 556
3 children 86.1 75.2 51.2 1.3 3.2 5.1 0.4 13.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 10.9 7.4 3.4 0.0 13.9 100.0 3,183
1 or more sons 87.9 77.5 54.3 1.3 3.1 4.8 0.4 12.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 10.4 7.2 3.2 0.0 12.1 100.0 2,965
No sons 61.6 44.6 9.0 0.4 3.8 10.0 0.0 19.2 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.2 17.0 10.8 6.2 0.0 38.4 100.0 219
4 or children 79.0 68.3 47.8 2.0 3.4 3.5 0.7 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.6 10.7 8.0 2.7 0.0 21.0 100.0 1,755
1 or more sons 80.4 69.9 50.0 2.1 3.2 3.4 0.7 9.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.6 10.5 7.8 2.7 0.0 19.6 100.0 1,664
No sons 52.1 38.7 6.5 0.0 5.8 3.8 1.0 19.2 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.0 13.4 11.4 2.0 0.0 47.9 100.0 90

Total 73.1 60.5 32.3 0.9 2.8 4.9 0.4 18.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 12.6 8.6 4.1 0.0 26.9 100.0 15,739

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 63.7 59.4 38.1 0.6 2.7 5.7 0.2 12.0 0.0 na 0.2 0.0 4.3 2.2 2.2 0.0 36.3 100.0 16,302
Note: If more than one method is used, only the most effective method is considered in this table. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
IUD = Intrauterine device; PPIUD = Postpartum intrauterine device; LAM = Lactational amenorrhoea method
na = Not available
Table 29 Current use of contraceptive methods by district

Percentage of currently married women age 15-49 years using any contraceptive method, any modern method, female sterilization,
male sterilization, any modern spacing method, and any traditional method, according to district, Haryana, 2019-21

Any
Any modern Any
Any modern Female Male spacing traditional Number of
District method method sterilization sterilization method1 method2 women

Ambala 69.5 57.6 25.5 0.6 31.6 11.9 621

Bhiwani 72.0 67.2 49.7 0.4 17.0 4.8 756
Charkhi Dadri 69.4 61.3 42.6 0.6 18.1 8.1 334
Faridabad 77.5 58.2 22.4 0.6 35.2 19.3 1,016
Fatehabad 75.8 62.9 39.1 0.6 23.2 13.0 601
Gurgaon 70.3 61.2 34.6 0.1 26.4 9.1 994
Hisar 74.4 64.5 42.8 0.3 21.4 9.9 1,150
Jhajjar 80.2 62.0 33.8 0.7 27.4 18.2 605
Jind 79.2 65.2 39.5 1.0 24.6 14.1 826
Kaithal 76.5 61.0 36.4 3.0 21.6 15.6 656
Karnal 79.1 67.1 23.4 4.8 38.8 12.0 1,022
Kurukshetra 68.4 63.0 22.0 1.2 39.8 5.4 620
Mahendragarh 70.2 63.2 45.9 0.4 16.9 7.0 575
Mewat 37.8 28.2 11.2 0.1 16.9 9.7 566
Palwal 71.2 54.2 31.9 0.4 21.9 17.0 638
Panchkula 76.6 59.0 25.2 0.1 33.7 17.6 327
Panipat 70.1 55.3 22.8 0.5 32.1 14.8 788
Rewari 70.6 64.4 37.7 1.2 25.5 6.2 607
Rohtak 74.4 63.0 34.2 0.4 28.4 11.4 648
Sirsa 74.0 64.2 40.4 0.0 23.8 9.8 784
Sonipat 78.7 59.9 30.0 1.0 28.9 18.8 913
Yamunanagar 79.1 58.0 19.5 0.8 37.7 21.1 690

Haryana 73.1 60.5 32.3 0.9 27.3 12.6 15,739

1 Includes pill, IUD/PPIUD, injectables, male condom, female condom, emergency contraception, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), and other
modern methods
2 Includes rhythm, withdrawal, and other traditional methods

71
 Table 30 Contraceptive use by men at last sexual intercourse

Percent distribution of currently married men and sexually active unmarried men age 15-49 by contraceptive used the last time they had sex, according to type of partner and background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Modern method Traditional method

Any Other Any
Any modern Female Male IUD or Condom/ modern traditional Not used Number
Background characteristic method method sterilization sterilization Pill PPIUD Nirodh method method Rhythm Withdrawal Other at last sex Total of men

Type of sexual partner

Currently married 39.7 32.1 14.8 1.4 1.8 2.5 10.1 1.3 7.5 3.3 4.2 0.1 60.3 100.0 1,716
Wife 43.8 35.4 15.6 1.5 1.9 2.8 11.8 1.6 8.3 3.5 4.7 0.1 56.2 100.0 1,466
Other1 14.4 12.2 9.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 2.2 1.0 1.1 0.0 85.6 100.0 246
Not currently married 56.0 49.2 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 46.5 0.8 6.8 1.3 5.6 0.0 44.0 100.0 115
Girlfriend 54.7 47.3 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0 43.6 1.1 7.4 1.8 5.6 0.0 45.3 100.0 84
Other2 (64.6) (58.6) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (58.6) (0.0) (6.0) (0.0) (6.0) (0.0) (35.4) 100.0 28

Age
15-19 (39.9) (36.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (36.0) (0.0) (3.9) (0.0) (3.9) (0.0) (60.1) 100.0 24

72
20-24 30.9 24.7 1.6 0.0 1.9 1.4 19.3 0.6 6.1 3.4 2.8 0.0 69.1 100.0 164
25-29 23.0 15.7 2.2 0.0 0.4 1.8 10.5 0.8 7.3 3.0 4.3 0.0 77.0 100.0 300
30-34 42.3 32.4 11.4 0.0 2.0 3.4 12.7 2.8 9.9 4.6 5.3 0.0 57.7 100.0 387
35-39 49.0 41.4 17.3 2.4 1.9 4.2 13.7 1.7 7.6 2.5 4.8 0.3 51.0 100.0 350
40-44 48.8 39.4 19.4 2.5 3.7 0.7 11.7 1.0 9.4 3.2 6.2 0.0 51.2 100.0 328
45-49 43.4 40.3 27.3 2.8 0.7 1.6 7.4 0.3 3.1 2.1 1.0 0.0 56.6 100.0 279

Residence
Urban 44.2 35.4 11.8 0.5 0.9 1.2 19.0 1.8 8.8 2.7 6.1 0.0 55.8 100.0 590
Rural 39.0 32.2 14.8 1.7 2.2 2.8 9.3 1.1 6.8 3.4 3.4 0.1 61.0 100.0 1,242

Schooling
No schooling 37.7 30.0 20.2 2.7 2.1 2.7 2.3 0.0 7.8 4.5 3.2 0.0 62.3 100.0 143
<5 years complete 44.8 34.2 24.0 2.3 1.3 0.0 6.1 0.6 10.5 5.0 5.5 0.0 55.2 100.0 64
5-9 years complete 42.0 33.5 17.8 2.3 2.1 1.3 8.0 1.6 8.5 3.4 4.9 0.2 58.0 100.0 524
10-11 years complete 39.0 32.7 14.6 0.8 1.9 1.1 13.2 0.9 6.3 2.3 4.0 0.0 61.0 100.0 379
12 or more years complete 40.9 33.8 8.4 0.5 1.5 3.8 17.9 1.6 7.0 3.0 4.1 0.0 59.1 100.0 720

Continued…
 Table 30 Contraceptive use by men at last sexual intercourse—Continued

Percent distribution of currently married men and sexually active unmarried men age 15-49 by contraceptive used the last time they had sex, according to type of partner and background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Modern method Traditional method

Any Other Any
Any modern Female Male IUD or Condom/ modern traditional Not used Number
Background characteristic method method sterilization sterilization Pill PPIUD Nirodh method method Rhythm Withdrawal Other at last sex Total of men

Marital status
Never married 54.9 47.9 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 45.2 0.8 7.0 1.3 5.7 0.0 45.1 100.0 113
Currently married 39.7 32.1 14.8 1.4 1.8 2.5 10.1 1.3 7.5 3.3 4.2 0.1 60.3 100.0 1,716

Religion
Hindu 41.3 33.8 14.3 1.4 1.7 2.2 12.8 1.4 7.4 3.1 4.3 0.0 58.7 100.0 1,663
Muslim 29.4 21.0 6.1 0.9 4.1 2.4 6.7 0.0 8.5 3.6 4.9 0.0 70.6 100.0 105
Sikh 40.9 33.8 13.0 0.0 1.0 6.3 12.3 0.0 7.1 3.4 2.0 1.6 59.1 100.0 59

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 39.6 33.4 17.3 1.7 1.5 1.0 10.5 1.1 6.2 3.5 2.7 0.0 60.4 100.0 510

73
Other backward class 43.0 34.1 14.3 1.4 2.6 2.6 11.4 1.5 9.0 4.0 5.0 0.0 57.0 100.0 583
Other3 39.8 32.5 10.8 1.1 1.3 3.1 14.9 1.3 7.3 2.3 4.9 0.1 60.2 100.0 715

Total age 15-49 40.7 33.2 13.9 1.3 1.8 2.3 12.4 1.3 7.5 3.1 4.3 0.1 59.3 100.0 1,832

Age 50-54 35.9 27.8 20.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 4.5 0.1 8.1 4.8 3.3 0.0 64.1 100.0 186

Total age 15-54 40.2 32.7 14.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 11.7 1.2 7.5 3.3 4.2 0.0 59.8 100.0 2,017
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes currently married men whose sexual partner is a live-in partner/girlfriend or currently unmarried men whose sexual partner is a live-in-partner,
widowed/divorced/separated/deserted men, men belonging to other religions, and men belonging to scheduled tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
IUD = Intrauterine device; PPIUD = Postpartum intrauterine device; LAM = Lactational amenorrhoea method
1 Does not include live-in partner/girlfriend
2
Does not include live-in partner
3
Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
Table 31 Source of modern contraceptive methods

Percent distribution of women age 15-49 who are current users of modern contraceptive methods by most recent source of the method,
according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Female Male IUD or Condom/ All modern

Most recent source of method sterilization sterilization Pill PPIUD Injectables Nirodh methods1
URBAN

Public health sector 74.3 (100.0) 31.4 57.0 * 20.0 47.4

Government/municipal hospital 57.2 (84.8) 13.3 41.9 * 9.0 33.3
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Government dispensary 0.4 (0.0) 1.5 3.2 * 1.3 1.1
UHC/UHP/UFWC 0.1 (0.0) 0.7 1.6 * 0.2 0.3
CHC/rural hospital/Block PHC 12.4 (15.2) 2.3 7.4 * 1.0 6.6
PHC/Additional PHC 1.5 (0.0) 0.0 0.7 * 0.3 0.8
Sub-centre/ANM 0.0 (0.0) 0.4 1.3 * 0.7 0.4
Government mobile clinic 0.0 (0.0) 1.0 0.0 * 0.5 0.3
Camp 2.6 (0.0) 1.7 0.0 * 0.3 1.3
Anganwadi/ICDS centre 0.0 (0.0) 7.4 0.3 * 3.8 1.9
ASHA 0.0 (0.0) 3.1 0.3 * 2.8 1.4
Other community-based worker 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.2 * 0.1 0.0
Other public health sector 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0

NGO or trust hospital/clinic 0.2 (0.0) 1.1 0.8 * 0.3 0.4

Private health sector 25.1 (0.0) 49.8 41.7 * 38.3 32.4

Private hospital 24.1 (0.0) 9.2 35.3 * 3.2 15.0
Private doctor/clinic 0.9 (0.0) 14.9 6.2 * 12.6 6.9
Private mobile clinic 0.0 (0.0) 0.4 0.0 * 1.7 0.7
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Traditional healer 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.1 0.0
Pharmacy/drugstore 0.0 (0.0) 25.2 0.3 * 20.4 9.6
Dai (TBA) 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Other private health sector 0.2 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.3 0.2

Other source 0.2 (0.0) 17.8 0.4 * 41.4 18.0

Shop 0.0 (0.0) 7.4 0.0 * 6.4 3.0
Husband 0.0 (0.0) 8.6 0.0 * 34.3 14.5
Friend/relative 0.0 (0.0) 0.5 0.0 * 0.1 0.1
Other 0.2 (0.0) 1.3 0.4 * 0.6 0.4

Don't know 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0

Missing 0.2 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 1.8

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of users 1,316 36 149 260 21 1,278 3,117

Continued…

74
Table 31 Source of modern contraceptive methods—Continued

Percent distribution of women age 15-49 who are current users of modern contraceptive methods by most recent source of the method,
according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Female Male IUD or Condom/ All modern

Most recent source of method sterilization sterilization Pill PPIUD Injectables Nirodh methods1
RURAL

Public health sector 83.9 99.3 52.6 67.0 (56.9) 31.5 68.3
Government/municipal hospital 57.4 87.1 9.4 37.7 (20.3) 7.0 41.7
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0
Government dispensary 0.5 0.0 4.0 1.1 (3.7) 1.7 1.0
UHC/UHP/UFWC 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 (0.0) 0.2 0.4
CHC/rural hospital/Block PHC 20.6 11.4 4.1 17.1 (12.7) 2.0 14.8
PHC/Additional PHC 3.6 0.8 2.5 5.1 (5.4) 1.3 3.1
Sub-centre/ANM 0.2 0.0 3.4 3.3 (1.5) 2.3 1.1
Government mobile clinic 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.9 0.2
Camp 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 (0.0) 0.3 0.8
Anganwadi/ICDS centre 0.0 0.0 18.8 1.6 (11.1) 7.7 2.8
ASHA 0.0 0.0 10.1 0.2 (2.2) 8.1 2.4
Other community-based worker 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 (0.0) 0.0 0.0
Other public health sector 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 (0.0) 0.0 0.0

NGO or trust hospital/clinic 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.1 0.1

Private health sector 15.7 0.7 36.5 32.2 (43.1) 32.3 21.7
Private hospital 14.8 0.7 4.9 27.8 (30.9) 2.4 12.3
Private doctor/clinic 0.8 0.0 14.9 3.7 (10.3) 11.1 4.2
Private mobile clinic 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 (0.0) 0.2 0.1
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0
Traditional healer 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 (0.0) 0.3 0.1
Pharmacy/drugstore 0.0 0.0 15.9 0.3 (1.9) 17.8 5.0
Dai (TBA) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0
Other private health sector 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 (0.0) 0.3 0.1

Other source 0.1 0.0 10.6 0.8 (0.0) 36.2 9.1

Shop 0.0 0.0 4.6 0.2 (0.0) 6.4 1.7
Husband 0.0 0.0 4.1 0.3 (0.0) 29.4 7.2
Friend/relative 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 (0.0) 0.0 0.1
Other 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.1 (0.0) 0.3 0.2

Don't know 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0

Missing 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.7

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of users 4,140 113 295 526 41 1,597 6,765

Continued…

75
Table 31 Source of modern contraceptive methods—Continued

Percent distribution of women age 15-49 who are current users of modern contraceptive methods by most recent source of the method,
according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Female Male IUD or Condom/ All modern

Most recent source of method sterilization sterilization Pill PPIUD Injectables Nirodh methods1
TOTAL

Public health sector 81.5 99.4 45.4 63.7 58.6 26.4 61.7
Government/municipal hospital 57.3 86.6 10.7 39.1 28.2 7.9 39.0
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Government dispensary 0.5 0.0 3.2 1.8 6.8 1.5 1.0
UHC/UHP/UFWC 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.3
CHC/rural hospital/Block PHC 18.6 12.3 3.5 13.9 8.4 1.6 12.2
PHC/Additional PHC 3.1 0.6 1.7 3.6 3.5 0.8 2.4
Sub-centre/ANM 0.1 0.0 2.4 2.6 1.0 1.6 0.9
Government mobile clinic 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.2
Camp 1.5 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.0
Anganwadi/ICDS centre 0.0 0.0 14.9 1.2 7.3 6.0 2.5
ASHA 0.0 0.0 7.7 0.2 3.3 5.7 2.1
Other community-based worker 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other public health sector 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

NGO or trust hospital/clinic 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2

Private health sector 18.0 0.6 41.0 35.3 41.4 34.9 25.1
Private hospital 17.1 0.6 6.4 30.3 28.6 2.8 13.1
Private doctor/clinic 0.8 0.0 14.9 4.5 10.1 11.8 5.0
Private mobile clinic 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.3
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Traditional healer 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1
Pharmacy/drugstore 0.0 0.0 19.0 0.3 2.7 19.0 6.4
Dai (TBA) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other private health sector 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.2

Other source 0.1 0.0 13.0 0.7 0.0 38.5 11.9

Shop 0.0 0.0 5.5 0.1 0.0 6.4 2.1
Husband 0.0 0.0 5.6 0.2 0.0 31.6 9.5
Friend/relative 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Other 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.3

Don't know 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Missing 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of users 5,456 148 444 785 62 2,875 9,881
Note: All information in this table is based on women's reports. Table includes all users of modern contraceptive methods regardless of their marital
status. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and
has been suppressed. All modern methods include emergency contraception, which is not shown separately.
IUD = Intrauterine device; PPIUD = Postpartum intrauterine device; AYUSH = Ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, unani, siddha and homeopathy; UHC =
Urban health centre; UHP = Urban health post; UFWC = Urban family welfare centre; CHC = Community health centre; PHC = Primary health centre; ANM
= Auxiliary nurse midwife; ICDS = Integrated Child Development Services; ASHA = Accredited Social Health Activist; NGO = Nongovernmental organization;
TBA = Traditional birth attendant
1 Excludes standard days method, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), and "other" modern methods

76
Table 32 Informed choice

Among women who are current users of selected modern contraceptive methods who started the last episode of use
within the 5 years preceding the survey, percentage who were informed about possible side effects or problems of
that method, percentage who were informed about what to do if they experienced side effects, percentage who were
ever told by a health or family planning worker about other methods of family planning they could use, and percentage
who were informed of all three (Method Information Index) by method, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who
Percentage who Percentage who were informed by Percentage who
were informed were informed a health or family were informed
about side effects about what to do planning worker about all three
or problems of if experienced of other methods (Method Number of
Method method used side effects that could be used Information Index) women
URBAN

Female sterilization1 65.1 55.9 73.9 52.0 201

Pill 75.7 70.6 90.9 66.7 59
IUD or PPIUD 79.9 73.3 76.1 64.3 161

Total 72.3 64.6 77.1 58.8 421

RURAL

Female sterilization1 66.9 56.3 71.0 51.3 722

Pill 65.7 56.9 75.7 55.3 161
IUD or PPIUD 72.5 64.0 79.0 60.6 356

Total 68.3 58.6 73.9 54.5 1,239

TOTAL

Female sterilization1 66.5 56.2 71.6 51.4 922

Pill 68.4 60.6 79.8 58.3 221
IUD or PPIUD 74.8 66.9 78.1 61.8 517

Total 69.3 60.1 74.7 55.6 1,659

Note: Table includes only the contraceptive methods separately shown in the table and excludes users who obtained their method
from friends/relatives or husband.
IUD = Intrauterine device; PPIUD = Postpartum intrauterine device
1 Among women who were sterilized in the 5 years preceding the survey

77
 Table 33 Twelve-month contraceptive discontinuation rates

Among women age 15-49 who started an episode of contraceptive use within the 5 years preceding the survey, percentage of episodes discontinued within 12 months, by reason for
discontinuation and specific method, Haryana, 2019-21

Reason for discontinuation

Desire to Wanted more Switched
Method become Other fertility Side effects/ effective Other method Any to another Number of
Method failure pregnant related reason1 health concerns method related reason2 Other reason reason3 method4 episodes of use5

Pill 2.0 10.2 2.8 15.1 4.3 8.1 4.4 46.9 12.0 478
IUD or PPIUD 2.2 2.2 1.1 14.4 2.6 2.2 2.7 27.2 7.8 863
Condom/Nirodh 2.6 14.6 4.3 1.4 3.8 4.7 7.0 38.5 6.3 2,834
Rhythm 3.0 12.2 5.0 0.9 10.0 3.0 10.9 44.9 11.8 1,456
Withdrawal 3.1 12.2 4.3 1.6 7.9 4.6 16.9 50.6 13.5 827
Other6 (2.8) (11.8) (4.5) (7.8) (25.6) (10.9) (26.5) (90.0) (55.7) 179

All modern spacing methods7 2.5 11.5 3.5 6.0 4.5 4.9 6.5 39.4 9.2 4,435

All spacing methods8 2.6 11.7 3.9 4.4 6.1 4.4 8.7 42.0 10.3 6,719

78
All methods 2.3 10.0 3.4 3.8 5.2 3.8 7.5 36.0 8.8 7,860
Note: Figures are based on life table calculations using information on episodes of contraceptive use that occurred 3-62 months preceding the survey. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
All methods include injectables and female and male sterilization, which are not shown separately.
IUD = Intrauterine device; PPIUD = Postpartum intrauterine device
1 Includes infrequent sex/husband away, difficult to get pregnant/menopausal, and marital dissolution/separation
2
Includes lack of access/too far, costs too much, and inconvenient to use
3
Reasons for discontinuation are mutually exclusive and add to the total given in this column
4
The episodes of use included in this column are a subset of the discontinued episodes included in the discontinuation rate. A woman is considered to have switched to another method if she used a different method
in the month following discontinuation or if she gave "wanted a more effective method" as the reason for discontinuation and started another method within 2 months of discontinuation.
5 All episodes of use that occurred within the 5 years preceding the survey are included. Number of episodes of use includes both episodes of use that were discontinued during the period of observation and episodes

of use that were not discontinued during the period of observation

6 Includes female condom, diaphragm, foam/jelly, standard days method, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), and other modern and traditional methods that are not shown separately
7
Includes pill, IUD/PPIUD, injectables, male condom, female condom, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), diaphragm, foam/jelly, and other modern spacing methods that are not shown separately
8 Includes pill, IUD/PPIUD, injectables, male condom, female condom, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), diaphragm, foam/jelly, rhythm, withdrawal, and other modern spacing and traditional methods that

are not shown separately.

Table 34 Men's contraception-related perceptions and knowledge

Percentage of men age 15-49 who agree with two specific statements about women and contraception, and percent distribution of men
according to their belief about the efficacy of condoms in preventing pregnancy, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of men Percentage of men who say that if a male condom is used correctly,
who agree it protects against pregnancy:
Contraception
is women's Women
business and who use
a man should contraception Don't
Background not have to may become Most of know/ Number
characteristic worry about it promiscuous the time Sometimes Not at all unsure1 Total of men

Age
15-19 25.5 13.2 49.7 29.9 2.6 17.8 100.0 581
20-24 31.7 13.3 55.6 31.3 3.7 9.3 100.0 526
25-29 29.6 15.7 62.5 31.5 2.3 3.7 100.0 469
30-34 30.9 15.2 67.9 28.8 2.2 1.2 100.0 444
35-39 37.3 14.4 65.1 28.6 3.4 2.9 100.0 365
40-44 31.4 16.3 62.7 32.2 1.5 3.6 100.0 350
45-49 29.0 10.8 64.9 28.7 1.6 4.8 100.0 293

Residence
Urban 26.8 15.4 58.3 33.0 2.1 6.6 100.0 996
Rural 32.2 13.6 61.2 28.9 2.8 7.2 100.0 2,033

Schooling
No schooling 28.3 8.6 54.0 33.6 2.0 10.4 100.0 178
<5 years complete 27.1 11.5 59.2 32.9 3.4 4.5 100.0 79
5-9 years complete 27.7 11.6 56.9 31.3 2.6 9.2 100.0 890
10-11 years complete 30.5 16.3 63.3 25.8 2.4 8.5 100.0 653
12 or more years
complete 32.9 15.8 61.9 31.2 2.6 4.3 100.0 1,229

Religion
Hindu 30.5 14.4 60.3 30.4 2.4 6.9 100.0 2,763
Muslim 30.8 11.6 49.4 35.3 5.0 10.4 100.0 174
Sikh 26.5 13.9 76.3 16.7 2.3 4.7 100.0 84

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 34.0 13.1 61.8 28.8 1.8 7.6 100.0 847
Scheduled tribe (43.3) (28.6) (45.3) (33.7) (6.8) (14.3) 100.0 36
Other backward class 29.5 13.2 59.4 30.2 2.9 7.5 100.0 983
Other 28.3 15.4 60.1 31.3 2.7 5.8 100.0 1,155

Total age 15-49 30.5 14.2 60.2 30.2 2.5 7.0 100.0 3,029

Age 50-54 33.1 16.9 67.4 26.0 1.9 4.7 100.0 195

Total age 15-54 30.6 14.3 60.7 30.0 2.5 6.9 100.0 3,224
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes men belonging to other religions and men who don’t know their
caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Includes missing values and those who never heard of male condoms

79
 Table 35 Need and demand for family planning among currently married women

Percentage of currently married women age 15-49 with unmet need for family planning, percentage with met need for family planning, the total demand for family planning, and the percentage of the
demand for contraception that is satisfied, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
demand
Met need for family planning
Percentage satisfied by
Unmet need for family planning (currently using) Total demand for family planning1
Number of of demand modern
Background characteristic For spacing For limiting Total For spacing For limiting Total For spacing For limiting Total women satisfied2 methods3

Age
15-19 16.0 1.7 17.7 17.9 3.5 21.4 33.9 5.2 39.2 269 54.7 35.3
20-24 12.5 4.0 16.4 23.1 17.9 41.0 35.6 21.9 57.5 1,890 71.4 48.2
25-29 5.3 5.9 11.2 18.7 48.8 67.5 24.0 54.7 78.7 3,278 85.8 66.9
30-34 1.5 4.7 6.2 7.2 73.6 80.8 8.6 78.3 86.9 3,188 92.9 77.3
35-39 0.6 3.7 4.2 2.0 83.4 85.4 2.6 87.1 89.6 2,785 95.3 81.5
40-44 0.3 3.2 3.5 0.4 84.3 84.7 0.6 87.5 88.1 2,327 96.1 82.1
45-49 0.3 3.4 3.6 0.1 76.8 76.9 0.3 80.2 80.6 2,001 95.5 85.6

Residence

80
Urban 2.9 4.8 7.7 10.3 63.3 73.5 13.2 68.1 81.2 5,133 90.5 72.6
Rural 3.6 4.0 7.5 8.2 64.8 72.9 11.7 68.7 80.4 10,605 90.7 76.2

Schooling
No schooling 1.9 4.3 6.2 3.6 70.9 74.5 5.5 75.2 80.7 3,083 92.3 79.7
<5 years complete 2.6 3.3 5.9 2.1 74.1 76.3 4.7 77.5 82.2 556 92.8 82.0
5-9 years complete 2.7 3.9 6.6 6.0 70.1 76.1 8.7 74.0 82.7 5,137 92.0 77.3
10-11 years complete 3.6 5.1 8.7 7.9 65.3 73.2 11.5 70.4 82.0 2,147 89.3 74.4
12 or more years complete 4.9 4.2 9.1 16.4 52.2 68.7 21.3 56.5 77.8 4,816 88.2 68.7

Religion
Hindu 3.1 4.0 7.2 8.8 65.8 74.6 11.9 69.9 81.8 14,354 91.3 76.1
Muslim 7.6 8.8 16.5 9.1 38.4 47.5 16.7 47.2 63.9 842 74.2 50.6
Sikh 2.4 2.4 4.8 10.6 63.1 73.7 13.0 65.5 78.5 515 93.9 75.1
Other (0.0) (4.9) (4.9) (3.0) (66.9) (69.9) (3.0) (71.7) (74.8) 27 93.5 78.1

Continued…
 Table 35 Need and demand for family planning among currently married women—Continued

Percentage of currently married women age 15-49 with unmet need for family planning, percentage with met need for family planning, the total demand for family planning, and the percentage of the
demand for contraception that is satisfied, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
demand
Met need for family planning
Percentage satisfied by
Unmet need for family planning (currently using) Total demand for family planning1
Number of of demand modern
Background characteristic For spacing For limiting Total For spacing For limiting Total For spacing For limiting Total women satisfied2 methods3

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 3.4 4.1 7.5 7.5 64.5 72.0 10.8 68.6 79.5 4,587 90.6 77.8
Scheduled tribe 2.9 4.5 7.5 1.3 64.7 66.0 4.2 69.3 73.4 142 89.8 79.3
Other backward class 3.8 4.8 8.6 9.3 62.1 71.4 13.1 66.8 80.0 4,569 89.3 72.2
Other 3.0 3.9 6.9 9.7 65.8 75.5 12.6 69.7 82.3 6,378 91.7 75.0
Don't know 6.4 4.3 10.7 10.6 53.3 63.9 17.0 57.6 74.6 63 85.6 61.8

Total 3.3 4.2 7.6 8.9 64.3 73.1 12.2 68.5 80.7 15,739 90.6 75.0
Note: Numbers in this table correspond to the revised definition of unmet need described in Bradley et al., 2012, Revising Unmet Need for Family Planning, DHS Analytical Studies No. 25, ICF International, Calverton, Maryland,
USA. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.

81
1 Total demand is the sum of unmet need and met need
2 Percentage of demand satisfied is met need divided by total demand
3
Modern methods include female sterilization, male sterilization, pill, IUD/PPIUD, injectables, male condom, female condom, standard days method, diaphragm, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM), other modern
methods
Table 36 Unmet need for family planning by district

Percentage of currently married women age 15-49 with unmet need for family
planning by district, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Total Unmet need Unmet need Number of

District unmet need for spacing for limiting women

Ambala 7.0 2.2 4.8 621

Bhiwani 9.3 4.6 4.8 756
Charkhi Dadri 11.1 5.2 5.9 334
Faridabad 7.4 3.3 4.1 1,016
Fatehabad 4.6 2.2 2.4 601
Gurgaon 7.8 3.1 4.8 994
Hisar 8.9 3.1 5.8 1,150
Jhajjar 4.6 2.0 2.5 605
Jind 5.4 2.6 2.7 826
Kaithal 4.8 1.7 3.1 656
Karnal 5.4 2.2 3.2 1,022
Kurukshetra 9.4 4.4 5.0 620
Mahendragarh 9.3 5.3 4.1 575
Mewat 19.6 11.3 8.3 566
Palwal 8.0 3.1 4.9 638
Panchkula 7.0 2.2 4.8 327
Panipat 7.3 2.8 4.5 788
Rewari 8.5 4.2 4.3 607
Rohtak 8.5 3.7 4.8 648
Sirsa 8.3 4.2 4.1 784
Sonipat 4.8 1.4 3.4 913
Yamunanagar 4.2 1.9 2.3 690

Haryana 7.6 3.3 4.2 15,739

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 9.3 3.8 5.5 16,302

Note: Numbers in this table correspond to the revised definition of unmet need described in
Bradley et al., 2012, Revising Unmet Need for Family Planning, DHS Analytical Studies No. 25,
ICF International Calverton, Maryland, USA.

82
 Table 37 Hysterectomy

Percentage of women age 15-49 who have had a hysterectomy, and among women with a hysterectomy, median age at the time of hysterectomy and percent distribution by
place the hysterectomy was performed, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Place of hysterectomy
Percentage
Percentage of Number of Percentage Percentage performed
women who Median age women who performed in performed in elsewhere or Number of
have had a Number of at time of reported age at the public the private don't know where women with a
Background characteristic hysterectomy women hysterectomy hysterectomy health sector health sector1 it was performed Total hysterectomy

Age
15-29 0.1 10,732 * 12 * * * 100.0 12
30-39 2.0 6,297 31.6 125 24.6 75.4 0.0 100.0 125
40-49 8.0 4,880 39.0 389 33.2 65.7 1.1 100.0 389
Residence
Urban 1.9 7,391 38.2 143 32.5 65.7 1.8 100.0 143
Rural 2.6 14,518 36.6 383 30.8 68.7 0.5 100.0 383
Schooling

83
No schooling 6.2 3,493 37.2 216 36.3 62.7 1.0 100.0 216
<5 years complete 3.3 640 (37.1) 21 (29.2) (70.8) (0.0) 100.0 21
5-9 years complete 2.7 6,924 36.3 188 28.2 71.0 0.7 100.0 188
10-11 years complete 1.5 3,590 36.8 55 19.8 80.2 0.0 100.0 55
12 or more years complete 0.6 7,262 (38.1) 47 (34.6) (63.7) (1.7) 100.0 47
Religion
Hindu 2.4 19,952 37.3 481 31.9 67.4 0.8 100.0 481
Muslim 2.0 1,194 (34.2) 24 (28.2) (68.8) (3.0) 100.0 24
Sikh 2.8 724 * 21 * * * 100.0 21
Other (0.0) 39 nc 0 nc nc nc nc 0
Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 2.3 6,599 37.3 151 35.0 64.4 0.7 100.0 151
Scheduled tribe 1.8 182 * 3 * * * 100.0 3
Other backward class 2.5 6,317 36.8 156 34.0 64.9 1.2 100.0 156
Other 2.4 8,730 37.1 213 26.2 73.1 0.7 100.0 213
Don't know 2.4 81 * 2 * * * 100.0 2
Total 2.4 21,909 37.1 526 31.3 67.9 0.8 100.0 526
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
nc = No cases
1
Includes nongovernmental organization or trust hospital/clinic
Table 38 Pregnancy outcome

Percent distribution of last pregnancies among women age 15-49 during the 5 years preceding the survey by pregnancy
outcome, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Pregnancy outcome
Number of
Background characteristic Live birth Abortion Miscarriage Stillbirth Total pregnancies

Mother's current age

15-19 74.7 2.7 22.6 0.0 100.0 81
20-29 88.8 2.2 8.2 0.8 100.0 3,723
30-39 86.3 4.1 9.2 0.5 100.0 1,588
40-49 83.2 7.9 7.2 1.7 100.0 112

Residence
Urban 86.9 3.5 9.1 0.5 100.0 1,716
Rural 88.1 2.7 8.5 0.8 100.0 3,788

Mother's schooling
No schooling 91.0 2.4 6.4 0.2 100.0 690
<5 years complete 88.6 1.4 9.4 0.5 100.0 183
5-9 years complete 86.3 3.1 9.6 1.0 100.0 1,561
10-11 years complete 86.1 3.5 10.1 0.4 100.0 707
12 or more years complete 88.2 2.9 8.2 0.8 100.0 2,364

Religion
Hindu 87.3 3.0 9.0 0.7 100.0 4,854
Muslim 91.7 1.2 6.9 0.3 100.0 479
Sikh 89.5 5.7 3.4 1.4 100.0 162

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 88.1 2.3 8.8 0.8 100.0 1,701
Scheduled tribe (88.5) (3.1) (5.7) (2.6) 100.0 40
Other backward class 87.1 3.1 9.5 0.4 100.0 1,693
Other 88.1 3.3 7.8 0.8 100.0 2,041
Don't know (77.5) (2.5) (16.7) (3.3) 100.0 29

Total 87.7 2.9 8.7 0.7 100.0 5,504

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes pregnancies to women belonging to other religions,
which are not shown separately.

84
Table 39 Characteristics of abortions

Among women age 15-49 whose last pregnancy in the last 5 years ended in an abortion,
percent distribution by main reason for abortion, method of abortion, place of abortion
and person who performed the abortion, percentage who had complications from the
abortion, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Characteristic of abortion Urban Rural Total

Main reason for abortion

Unplanned pregnancy 54.9 33.4 41.4
Contraceptive failure 2.1 4.9 3.9
Complications in pregnancy 16.5 13.9 14.9
Health did not permit 7.3 6.6 6.9
Female foetus 0.0 0.8 0.5
Economic reasons 0.0 1.3 0.8
Last child too young 1.6 13.7 9.2
Foetus had congenital abnormality 1.7 5.6 4.1
Husband/mother-in-law did not want 9.4 5.2 6.8
Other 6.4 14.4 11.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Method of abortion
Medicines 63.0 52.8 56.6
MVA 12.4 14.4 13.7
Other surgical 21.9 26.9 25.1
Other 0.0 2.3 1.4
Don't know 2.7 3.6 3.3
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Place of abortion
Public health sector 8.6 14.1 12.1
Private health sector1 64.6 60.6 62.1
At home 26.8 24.5 25.4
Other 0.0 0.7 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Person who performed the abortion

Doctor 57.9 48.1 51.8
Nurse/ANM/LHV 18.0 21.3 20.1
Family member/relative/friend 8.0 4.6 5.9
Self 16.1 24.6 21.4
Other 0.0 1.4 0.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Complications from the abortion

Percentage of women who had complications
from the abortion 15.0 10.1 11.9

Number of women with abortions 60 101 160

Note: There were no women who gave “male foetus” as the main reason for abortion.
MVA = Manual vacuum aspiration; ANM = Auxiliary nurse midwife; LHV = Lady health visitor; TBA =
Traditional birth attendant
1 Includes nongovernmental organization or trust hospital/clinic

85
Table 40 Age at first marriage

Percentage of women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 who were first married by specific exact ages, percentage never married, and
median age at first marriage, first cohabitation with spouse, and first sexual intercourse, according to current age, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage Median Median age Median

Percentage first married by exact age:
Current never Number of age at first at first age at
age 15 18 20 21 25 married respondents marriage cohabitation first sex
WOMEN

15-19 0.6 na na na na 92.2 3,438 a a a

20-24 2.2 12.5 31.2 na na 46.2 3,546 a a a
25-29 5.1 22.8 44.2 53.7 80.4 10.7 3,748 20.6 20.7 20.7
30-34 8.9 31.8 53.3 62.8 88.6 1.6 3,331 19.7 19.8 19.7
35-39 12.2 39.1 62.4 71.3 91.0 0.6 2,967 18.9 18.9 18.9
40-44 14.4 46.2 69.2 77.6 92.9 0.3 2,537 18.3 18.4 18.4
45-49 14.9 46.1 68.9 77.1 94.3 0.5 2,343 18.3 18.5 18.5

20-49 8.9 31.2 52.8 na na 11.6 18,471 19.7 19.8 19.7

25-49 10.5 35.7 58.0 67.0 88.6 3.3 14,925 19.2 19.3 19.3

MEN

15-19 0.2 na na na na 99.2 581 a a a

20-24 0.1 1.7 6.0 na na 79.4 526 a a a
25-29 0.5 2.8 10.4 16.0 44.5 39.9 469 a a 24.3
30-34 1.6 8.2 17.0 23.2 54.4 13.1 444 24.4 24.4 24.1
35-39 1.4 7.6 19.6 28.7 63.8 4.7 365 23.3 23.5 23.2
40-44 1.0 9.4 24.4 33.6 63.6 4.9 350 23.3 23.4 23.5
45-49 3.1 11.7 24.1 31.7 66.4 1.9 293 23.3 23.3 23.3
50-54 2.0 7.5 22.3 31.2 66.6 2.8 195 22.9 23.3 23.5

20-49 1.1 6.3 15.7 na na 28.7 2,448 a a a

25-49 1.4 7.5 18.3 25.7 57.3 14.8 1,922 24.1 24.2 23.7

na = Not applicable due to censoring

a = Omitted because less than 50 percent of the women or men were married, began living with their spouse, or had sexual intercourse for the first time
before reaching the beginning of the age group.

86
Table 41 Early childhood mortality rates

Neonatal, postneonatal, infant, child, and under-five mortality rates for five-year periods
preceding the survey and for 0-4 years before NFHS-4 and NFHS-3, by residence, Haryana,
2019-21

Neonatal Postneonatal Infant Child Under-five

Years preceding mortality mortality1 mortality mortality mortality
the survey (NN) (PNN) (1q0) (4q1) (5q0)
URBAN

0-4 19.0 9.6 28.6 7.6 36.0

5-9 18.0 11.0 29.0 7.3 36.0
10-14 23.0 6.8 29.8 8.9 38.5

NFHS-4 (0-4) 20.1 11.3 31.4 5.2 36.5

NFHS-3 (0-4) 0.0 19.4 19.4 5.5 24.8

RURAL

0-4 22.7 12.5 35.3 4.7 39.8

5-9 22.9 13.0 35.9 8.8 44.4
10-14 35.4 15.5 50.9 10.3 60.7

NFHS-4 (0-4) 23.2 10.3 33.6 10.7 43.9

NFHS-3 (0-4) 31.0 17.7 48.8 13.0 61.2

TOTAL

0-4 21.6 11.7 33.3 5.6 38.7

5-9 21.4 12.4 33.8 8.3 41.8
10-14 31.6 12.8 44.4 9.9 53.9

NFHS-4 (0-4) 22.1 10.7 32.8 8.6 41.1

NFHS-3 (0-4) 23.6 18.1 41.7 11.1 52.3
Note: All estimates are for the 5 years preceding the survey (approximately 1988-1992 for 2001-
2005 for NFHS-3, 2011-2015 for NFHS-4 and 2015-2019 for NFHS-5).
1 Computed as the difference between the infant and neonatal mortality rates

87
Table 42 Early childhood mortality rates by background characteristics

Neonatal, postneonatal, infant, child, and under-five mortality rates for the five-year period
preceding the survey, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Neonatal Postneonatal Infant Child Under-five

Background mortality mortality1 mortality mortality mortality
characteristic (NN) (PNN) (1q0) (4q1) (5q0)

Schooling
No schooling 31.5 24.2 55.7 11.4 66.4
<10 years complete 25.0 13.6 38.5 7.0 45.3
10 or more years
complete 16.7 6.7 23.4 2.5 25.8

Religion
Hindu 21.8 10.4 32.2 4.7 36.8
Muslim 24.1 17.8 41.9 13.3 54.7

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 22.1 15.1 37.2 6.6 43.5
Other backward class 22.6 10.6 33.2 7.0 40.0
Other2 17.9 9.6 27.5 2.8 30.2

Child's sex
Male 24.8 11.1 35.9 5.4 41.1
Female 18.1 12.3 30.5 5.8 36.1

Mother's age at birth

<20 40.6 11.5 52.1 1.3 53.4
20-29 21.0 11.7 32.6 5.4 37.8
30-39 15.2 12.5 27.7 8.9 36.3

Birth order
1 22.9 10.3 33.2 3.7 36.8
2-3 21.1 11.1 32.2 3.8 35.9
4 or more 19.5 19.5 38.9 20.3 58.4

Previous birth interval3

<2 years 32.4 17.3 49.7 9.2 58.4
2-3 years 15.3 12.0 27.3 4.9 32.0
4 years or more 15.9 7.7 23.5 7.0 30.3

Total 21.6 11.7 33.3 5.6 38.7

Note: Total includes children belonging to Sikh or other religions, children belonging to scheduled tribe or
whose caste/tribe is not known, and children with mother’s age at birth 40-49, who are not shown
separately.
1 Computed as the difference between the infant and neonatal mortality rates
2
Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
3 Excludes first-order births

88
Table 43 High-risk fertility behaviour

Percent distribution of children born in the 5 years preceding the survey by category of elevated risk of
mortality and the risk ratio, and percent distribution of currently married women by category of risk if
they were to conceive a child at the time of the survey, Haryana, 2019-21

Births in the 5 years Percentage

preceding the survey of currently
Percentage married
Risk category of births Risk ratio women1

Not in any high-risk category 32.4 1.0 52.7a

Unavoidable risk category

First order births between ages 18 and 34 years 39.1 1.4 7.4

Single high-risk category

Mother's age <18 0.7 (2.0) 0.0
Mother's age >34 1.4 1.6 14.1
Birth interval <24 months 15.5 2.0 7.7
Birth order >3 6.4 1.5 5.2

Subtotal 24.0 1.9 27.0

Multiple high-risk category

Mother's age <18 and birth interval <24 months2 0.1 * 0.0
Mother's age >34 and birth interval <24 months 0.1 * 0.1
Mother's age >34 and birth order >3 1.0 1.6 10.5
Mother's age >34 and birth interval <24 months and
birth order >3 0.2 * 0.2
Birth interval <24 months and birth order >3 3.1 3.2 2.1

Subtotal 4.5 2.7 12.9

In any avoidable high-risk category 28.5 2.0 39.9

Total 100.0 na 100.0

Number of births 6,849 na 15,739
Note: Risk ratio is the ratio of the proportion dead among births in a specific high-risk category to the proportion
dead among births not in any high-risk category. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An
asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
1 Women are assigned to risk categories according to the status they would have at the birth of a child if they were

to conceive at the time of the survey: current age less than 17 years and 3 months or greater than 34 years and 2
months, latest birth less than 15 months ago, or latest birth of order 3 or higher
2 Includes the category age <18 and birth order >3
a Includes sterilized women

89
Table 44 Antenatal care

Percent distribution of women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey by antenatal care (ANC) provider during pregnancy
for the most recent live birth and percentage receiving ANC from a skilled provider, according to background characteristics, Haryana,
2019-21

Percentage
ANM/ Community/ receiving
nurse/ village Number ANC from
Background midwife/ Dai Anganwadi/ health of a skilled
characteristic Doctor LHV (TBA) ICDS worker worker ASHA Other No ANC Total women provider1

Mother's age at birth

<20 61.9 22.7 0.3 10.3 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.8 100.0 262 84.6
20-34 62.8 24.6 0.2 6.0 0.2 3.8 0.1 2.2 100.0 4,697 87.4
35-49 62.7 21.5 0.9 4.2 0.0 4.3 0.4 5.9 100.0 167 84.2

Birth order
1 65.5 22.3 0.1 6.7 0.2 3.5 0.1 1.5 100.0 1,742 87.8
2-3 63.2 24.9 0.2 5.5 0.1 3.6 0.1 2.4 100.0 2,779 88.1
4 or more 52.7 27.8 0.9 8.2 0.2 5.7 0.0 4.5 100.0 605 80.6

Residence
Urban 68.5 21.2 0.2 4.8 0.3 2.6 0.1 2.3 100.0 1,583 89.8
Rural 60.2 25.8 0.3 6.8 0.1 4.4 0.1 2.4 100.0 3,543 86.0

Schooling
No schooling 51.2 27.8 1.5 8.6 0.5 3.8 0.0 6.6 100.0 662 79.0
<5 years complete 54.1 31.8 0.0 7.7 0.0 4.1 0.0 2.4 100.0 174 85.8
5-9 years complete 58.8 26.4 0.2 7.5 0.1 4.7 0.1 2.1 100.0 1,453 85.2
10-11 years complete 64.1 24.4 0.0 6.4 0.3 3.5 0.0 1.3 100.0 645 88.5
12 or more years
complete 69.2 21.4 0.0 4.4 0.0 3.3 0.1 1.5 100.0 2,192 90.6

Religion
Hindu 64.8 23.5 0.1 5.9 0.2 3.7 0.1 1.7 100.0 4,510 88.3
Muslim 41.9 32.0 1.9 10.2 0.0 5.1 0.1 8.8 100.0 460 73.9
Sikh 64.7 25.8 0.0 5.0 0.0 2.3 0.5 1.7 100.0 149 90.4

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 59.9 25.6 0.2 7.4 0.2 4.6 0.0 2.0 100.0 1,594 85.6
Scheduled tribe (61.2) (28.5) (0.0) (6.7) (0.0) (3.6) (0.0) (0.0) 100.0 36 (89.7)
Other backward class 59.6 26.6 0.3 7.0 0.2 3.8 0.0 2.4 100.0 1,569 86.2
Other 68.1 21.3 0.2 4.5 0.1 3.1 0.2 2.5 100.0 1,900 89.5
Don't know (39.3) (27.9) (0.0) (11.9) (0.0) (10.5) (0.0) (10.3) 100.0 28 (67.2)

Total 62.8 24.4 0.3 6.2 0.2 3.8 0.1 2.3 100.0 5,126 87.1
Note: If more than one source of ANC was mentioned, only the provider with the highest qualification is considered in this table. Figures in parentheses
are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes women belonging to other religions, who are not shown separately.
ANM = Auxiliary nurse midwife; LHV = Lady health visitor; TBA = Traditional birth attendant; ICDS = Integrated Child Development Services; ASHA = Accredited
Social Health Activist
1 Skilled provider includes doctor, auxiliary nurse midwife, nurse, midwife, and lady health visitor.

90
Table 45 Antenatal care services and information received

Percent of women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey who received antenatal care (ANC) for the most recent
live birth by services and information received, according to residence and source of antenatal care, Haryana, 2019-21

Residence Source of ANC

Public Private Both public ANC
health health and private received
Services/information Urban Rural sector sector1 health sector1 only at home Total

Percentage receiving selected services

during antenatal care
Weighed 99.2 99.1 99.2 99.7 99.8 93.6 99.1
Blood pressure measured 99.4 98.8 98.9 99.6 99.7 95.5 99.0
Urine sample taken 98.4 96.2 96.6 98.9 98.9 91.3 96.9
Blood sample taken 98.7 98.0 98.1 99.2 99.2 91.8 98.2
Abdomen examined 96.9 96.1 95.9 98.5 98.2 93.4 96.3

Percentage receiving information on

specific pregnancy complications
Vaginal bleeding 68.4 70.0 69.3 66.9 63.9 71.8 69.5
Convulsions 67.9 69.8 69.1 65.9 62.1 68.2 69.2
Prolonged labour 73.4 74.1 73.3 72.0 67.9 74.9 73.9
Severe abdominal pain 75.3 75.3 74.6 74.1 70.3 79.2 75.3
High blood pressure 78.5 77.5 77.2 77.6 75.0 76.9 77.8
Where to go if experienced
pregnancy complications 88.0 86.7 86.9 88.1 87.6 83.9 87.1

Number of women 1,547 3,459 3,988 1,890 985 106 5,006

1 Includes nongovernmental organizations and trust hospitals/clinics

91
Table 46 Antenatal care indicators

Among women with a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey, percentage who received different types of antenatal care (ANC)
during the pregnancy for their most recent live birth, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage Percentage
who whose last
Percentage received live birth
Percentage with an two or was Percentage Percentage
who had ANC visit more TT protected Percentage who took who took Percentage
four or in the first injections against who were IFA for IFA for who took an
Background more ANC trimester of during the neonatal given or at least at least intestinal Number
characteristic visits pregnancy pregnancy tetanus1 bought IFA 100 days 180 days parasite drug of women

Mother's age at birth

<20 55.5 88.5 81.7 91.9 89.3 48.0 31.0 33.8 262
20-34 60.9 85.3 79.0 90.8 92.5 51.8 32.1 32.9 4,697
35-49 54.2 79.0 81.0 86.5 75.6 40.9 28.1 34.1 167

Birth order
1 65.9 88.6 86.5 90.9 93.7 57.8 37.6 32.0 1,742
2-3 59.6 84.9 75.9 91.3 92.3 50.6 31.2 34.4 2,779
4 or more 48.4 77.2 73.2 87.6 83.9 34.8 19.1 29.3 605

Residence
Urban 63.0 85.0 78.4 88.6 91.7 50.7 31.7 29.3 1,583
Rural 59.2 85.3 79.5 91.7 91.8 51.5 32.0 34.7 3,543

Schooling
No schooling 47.3 78.2 74.6 86.3 79.5 27.6 16.2 25.1 662
<5 years complete 62.5 82.8 78.0 90.7 87.5 43.0 29.0 33.6 174
5-9 years complete 55.9 83.2 77.0 90.0 91.7 48.1 28.3 33.5 1,453
10-11 years complete 61.2 86.2 82.7 92.7 93.9 49.8 31.1 33.3 645
12 or more years
complete 67.0 88.6 81.0 92.0 95.3 61.5 39.6 35.0 2,192

Religion
Hindu 62.3 86.4 79.9 91.2 93.3 53.5 33.7 34.2 4,510
Muslim 43.3 74.5 69.8 85.6 75.8 24.2 11.4 24.4 460
Sikh 55.8 84.1 86.1 91.3 95.0 66.6 42.9 25.3 149

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 58.4 84.7 80.0 90.5 92.5 50.7 31.9 34.9 1,594
Scheduled tribe (36.3) (78.3) (63.6) (76.3) (88.8) (45.2) (31.0) (42.6) 36
Other backward class 58.0 83.1 78.0 90.3 90.4 46.3 27.9 31.6 1,569
Other 65.0 87.7 79.8 91.6 92.7 56.5 35.8 32.8 1,900
Don't know (22.5) (74.3) (71.7) (87.5) (67.9) (9.0) (1.9) (4.7) 28

Total 60.4 85.2 79.2 90.7 91.8 51.2 31.9 33.0 5,126
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes women belonging to other religions, who are not shown separately.
TT = Tetanus toxoid; IFA = Iron and folic acid
1
Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy for her last live birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live birth),
or three or more injections (the last within 5 years of the last live birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live birth), or five or
more injections at any time prior to the last live birth

92
Table 47 Antenatal care indicators by district

Among women with a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey, percentage who received different types of antenatal care
(ANC) during the pregnancy for their most recent live birth, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage Percentage
who whose last
Percentage received live birth
Percentage with an ANC two or was Percentage Percentage
who had visit in the more TT protected Percentage who took who took Percentage
four or first injections against who were IFA for IFA for who took an Number
more ANC trimester of during the neonatal given or at least at least intestinal of
District visits pregnancy pregnancy tetanus1 bought IFA 100 days 180 days parasite drug women

Ambala 57.4 76.5 77.1 89.0 93.0 51.6 32.1 18.0 198
Bhiwani 60.4 89.0 88.7 92.7 89.8 53.3 30.3 46.1 241
Charkhi Dadri 53.4 82.6 82.8 87.7 95.7 48.9 30.9 47.9 105
Faridabad 51.2 85.5 62.1 81.4 93.4 44.6 25.0 33.4 328
Fatehabad 60.1 91.2 80.1 92.3 94.4 60.3 41.5 32.1 218
Gurgaon 48.1 86.2 84.9 96.1 89.2 47.8 16.8 37.1 273
Hisar 69.9 91.2 90.6 97.8 95.8 54.4 34.4 28.3 387
Jhajjar 60.1 87.3 71.8 88.2 95.7 58.7 41.5 31.1 197
Jind 49.6 82.6 73.1 88.7 95.3 46.9 27.5 35.2 265
Kaithal 68.8 81.4 93.9 96.5 88.0 66.0 46.8 26.8 203
Karnal 84.7 91.2 79.6 93.5 97.1 78.0 53.7 54.8 336
Kurukshetra 59.8 82.7 82.6 92.1 95.1 70.6 51.4 37.5 201
Mahendragarh 55.2 88.1 82.7 89.4 85.6 48.5 28.4 25.4 158
Mewat 45.9 70.9 74.0 84.8 71.3 18.3 5.7 25.4 310
Palwal 53.4 81.2 52.2 81.9 87.0 32.1 20.5 31.1 245
Panchkula 76.9 82.6 82.7 90.3 98.6 69.5 55.0 38.2 98
Panipat 49.2 81.3 71.4 85.1 92.8 41.1 23.2 23.0 273
Rewari 63.8 85.7 89.3 94.4 88.6 45.8 29.1 28.2 168
Rohtak 72.3 86.4 89.8 96.9 94.6 56.4 34.5 34.5 210
Sirsa 61.9 93.9 93.5 96.6 95.8 44.2 29.6 18.0 225
Sonipat 64.1 85.8 72.5 90.6 93.4 48.9 32.2 36.9 266
Yamunanagar 66.4 87.4 81.1 90.8 94.3 58.9 36.3 37.3 221

Haryana 60.4 85.2 79.2 90.7 91.8 51.2 31.9 33.0 5,126
TT = Tetanus toxoid; IFA = Iron and folic acid tablets or syrup
1 Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy for her last live birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live

birth), or three or more injections (the last within 5 years of the last live birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live
birth), or five or more injections at any time prior to the last live birth

93
Table 48 Advice received during pregnancy

Among women with a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey who met with a community health worker in the last
three months of pregnancy for their most recent live birth, percentage who received different types of advice, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Number of
women who
met with a
community
Percentage who received advice on: health worker
Importance of in the last
institutional Keeping the Family three months
Background characteristic delivery Cord care Breastfeeding baby warm planning of pregnancy1

Mother's age at birth

<20 92.3 90.3 94.2 89.6 82.9 202
20-34 91.9 87.8 93.0 89.8 87.0 3,690
35-49 92.0 93.1 95.8 91.0 90.6 116

Birth order
1 91.5 88.0 93.0 89.7 84.6 1,356
2-3 92.3 88.0 93.4 90.4 88.3 2,180
4 or more 91.3 88.7 92.3 87.7 86.5 472

Residence
Urban 90.5 87.1 92.1 89.6 86.6 1,074
Rural 92.4 88.5 93.5 90.0 87.0 2,934

Schooling
No schooling 92.6 90.5 94.4 90.0 85.9 490
<5 years complete 93.7 88.9 93.1 84.5 86.6 147
5-9 years complete 91.0 87.5 92.8 89.8 86.9 1,185
10-11 years complete 92.9 87.8 93.0 90.1 87.9 509
12 or more years
complete 91.9 87.9 93.0 90.3 86.9 1,677

Religion
Hindu 92.5 88.5 93.3 90.2 87.6 3,568
Muslim 86.4 83.8 90.2 86.1 80.3 322
Sikh 87.4 86.7 94.3 89.0 81.7 115

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 92.1 88.8 93.6 89.9 87.9 1,324
Scheduled tribe (94.5) (88.4) (91.8) (86.5) (86.5) 29
Other backward class 91.4 86.9 92.2 89.1 85.8 1,208
Other 92.1 88.6 93.6 90.6 87.0 1,426
Don't know (87.1) (77.2) (88.3) (86.8) (79.8) 20

Total 91.9 88.1 93.1 89.9 86.9 4,008

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes women belonging to other religions, who are not shown
separately.
1Community health worker includes auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM), lady health visitor (LHV), Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA),

anganwadi worker, and other community health workers

94
Table 49 Pregnancies for which an ultrasound test was done

Percentage of all pregnancies in the 5 years preceding the survey for which an ultrasound test was done and percent distribution of pregnancies
with an ultrasound test by pregnancy outcome, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of Number of
Pregnancy outcome1
pregnancies pregnancies
with an Number of Still with an
Background characteristic ultrasound test pregnancies Son Daughter Termination pregnant Total ultrasound test

Mother's age at pregnancy

<20 90.0 991 41.2 42.9 8.8 7.2 100.0 892
20-34 88.4 7,526 44.6 38.9 9.0 7.5 100.0 6,655
35-49 76.1 229 38.0 34.5 15.7 11.8 100.0 174

Residence
Urban 89.7 2,575 42.4 39.4 10.0 8.2 100.0 2,311
Rural 87.7 6,171 44.8 39.2 8.7 7.3 100.0 5,410

Antenatal care visits2

None 76.2 154 50.8 31.1 10.0 8.2 100.0 117
1-3 86.4 2,388 47.6 35.3 9.0 8.1 100.0 2,064
4 or more 91.2 3,954 46.2 37.6 9.2 7.0 100.0 3,605
Don't know 85.1 98 49.5 29.1 12.1 9.3 100.0 84

Mother's schooling
No schooling 78.4 1,190 46.3 42.4 6.3 5.0 100.0 933
<5 years complete 85.0 307 50.8 36.4 6.0 6.9 100.0 261
5-9 years complete 88.2 2,592 43.7 40.3 9.0 6.9 100.0 2,286
10-11 years complete 89.3 1,133 42.2 39.9 10.0 8.0 100.0 1,012
12 or more years
complete 91.6 3,523 43.7 37.7 10.0 8.7 100.0 3,229

Religion
Hindu 89.8 7,631 43.9 39.1 9.4 7.6 100.0 6,853
Muslim 73.9 878 45.3 42.0 5.9 6.8 100.0 649
Sikh 93.0 224 45.8 37.6 8.3 8.4 100.0 208

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 89.5 2,838 45.1 38.3 9.0 7.6 100.0 2,542
Scheduled tribe 78.4 70 38.0 43.7 8.7 9.7 100.0 55
Other backward class 85.7 2,743 43.2 40.0 9.1 7.8 100.0 2,350
Other 89.9 3,040 44.1 39.3 9.3 7.3 100.0 2,735
Don't know 73.3 55 (37.4) (48.4) (8.5) (5.6) 100.0 40

Continued…

95
Table 49 Pregnancies for which an ultrasound test was done—Continued

Percentage of all pregnancies in the 5 years preceding the survey for which an ultrasound test was done and percent distribution of pregnancies
with an ultrasound test by pregnancy outcome, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of Number of
Pregnancy outcome1
pregnancies pregnancies
with an Number of Still with an
Background characteristic ultrasound test pregnancies Son Daughter Termination pregnant Total ultrasound test

Mother's number of living

children at time of
pregnancy
No children 91.5 3,598 44.1 38.4 9.1 8.3 100.0 3,292
1 child 90.3 3,037 44.2 40.5 8.5 6.9 100.0 2,741
0 sons 91.5 1,519 45.2 40.0 7.4 7.4 100.0 1,389
1 son 89.0 1,518 43.1 41.1 9.6 6.3 100.0 1,352
2 children 84.2 1,299 44.5 38.0 10.8 6.8 100.0 1,093
0 sons 88.7 586 46.6 40.5 7.0 5.9 100.0 519
1 or more sons 80.5 713 42.6 35.8 14.2 7.5 100.0 574
3 children 77.5 488 43.6 39.2 9.6 7.6 100.0 378
0 sons 84.8 201 46.9 34.6 6.8 11.6 100.0 171
1 or more sons 72.4 287 40.9 43.0 11.8 4.3 100.0 208
4 or more children 66.8 324 40.5 43.3 8.3 7.9 100.0 216
0 sons 86.4 70 50.0 37.6 6.1 6.3 100.0 60
1 or more sons 61.4 254 36.9 45.5 9.2 8.5 100.0 156

Total 88.3 8,746 44.0 39.3 9.1 7.6 100.0 7,721

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes pregnancies to women belonging to other religions, which are not shown
separately.
1
For multiple births, sex of pregnancy outcome is the sex of the first listed birth
2 Includes only the most recent pregnancy in the five years preceding the survey

96
Table 50 Pregnancy registration and Mother and Child Protection Card

Percentage of women age 15-49 who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey who registered the pregnancy for
the most recent live birth; and among registered pregnancies, percent distribution by the timing of the registration and
percentage who received a Mother and Child Protection (MCP) Card, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of Timing of pregnancy registration Percentage

pregnancies of mothers Number of
Background that were Number of First given an registered
characteristic registered pregnancies trimester Later Don't know MCP card pregnancies

Mother's age at birth

<20 96.7 262 94.9 4.3 0.8 98.1 253
20-34 97.3 4,697 92.2 7.3 0.4 96.8 4,571
35-49 92.6 167 86.4 13.6 0.0 95.2 154

Birth order
1 97.4 1,742 94.2 5.0 0.7 97.4 1,696
2-3 97.5 2,779 91.3 8.3 0.3 96.6 2,709
4 or more 94.6 605 90.1 9.6 0.1 95.9 573

Residence
Urban 96.3 1,583 91.9 7.6 0.4 94.9 1,525
Rural 97.5 3,543 92.2 7.3 0.4 97.6 3,454

Schooling
No schooling 93.7 662 90.0 9.2 0.8 95.9 620
<5 years complete 97.2 174 90.5 9.5 0.0 95.8 169
5-9 years complete 98.0 1,453 91.6 8.0 0.4 97.3 1,424
10-11 years complete 97.3 645 91.6 8.4 0.0 96.4 628
12 or more years
complete 97.5 2,192 93.5 5.9 0.5 96.9 2,139

Religion
Hindu 97.5 4,510 92.4 7.1 0.4 96.9 4,398
Muslim 93.3 460 89.5 10.0 0.3 94.3 429
Sikh 96.7 149 92.7 6.6 0.7 100.0 144

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 97.9 1,594 92.0 7.5 0.4 97.8 1,560
Scheduled tribe (97.4) 36 (87.0) (13.0) (0.0) (97.1) 35
Other backward class 97.3 1,569 90.9 8.5 0.5 96.5 1,527
Other 96.6 1,900 93.4 6.2 0.3 96.1 1,834
Don't know (81.4) 28 (89.8) (10.2) (0.0) (100.0) 23

Total 97.1 5,126 92.2 7.4 0.4 96.8 4,979

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes pregnancies to women belonging to other religions,
which are not shown separately.

97
Table 51 Delivery and postnatal care

Percent distribution of live births to women age 15-49 in the 5 years preceding the survey by place of
delivery and assistance during delivery, percentage of live births delivered by a skilled provider and by
caesarean section, percentage of live births delivered at home that were delivered by a skilled provider,
and percentage for which the delivery protocol was followed, and percent distribution of women giving
birth in the 5 years preceding the survey by timing and type of provider of the first postnatal check of the
mother for their most recent live birth, by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Delivery and postnatal care descriptors Urban Rural Total

Place of delivery
Health facility 96.1 94.4 94.9
Public sector 48.6 61.1 57.5
NGO/trust 0.6 0.1 0.2
Private sector 46.9 33.2 37.2
At home 3.4 5.4 4.8
Own home 3.0 5.0 4.4
Parent's home 0.3 0.4 0.3
Other home 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other1 0.5 0.2 0.3
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Assistance during delivery2

Doctor 74.8 65.6 68.3
ANM/nurse/midwife/LHV 20.7 28.0 25.9
Other health personnel 0.0 0.4 0.3
Dai (TBA) 2.5 3.4 3.1
Friends/relatives 1.8 2.2 2.1
Other 0.1 0.3 0.2
No one 0.1 0.2 0.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Percentage of all births delivered by a skilled provider3 95.5 94.0 94.4

Percentage of home births delivered by a skilled provider3 0.7 1.3 1.1
Percentage delivered by caesarean section 23.5 17.8 19.4
Percentage delivered by emergency caesarean section4 9.3 6.7 7.4

Number of births 1,985 4,863 6,848

For home deliveries5

Disposable delivery kit (DDK) used (56.8) 44.1 46.7
Clean blade used to cut the cord (96.2) 92.3 93.1
Either of the above (96.2) 92.3 93.1
Baby was immediately wiped dry and then wrapped
without being bathed (90.5) 87.6 88.2

Number of births delivered at home 38 150 189

Timing after delivery of mother's first postnatal check6

Less than four hours 86.6 85.6 85.9
4-23 hours 2.4 3.5 3.2
1-2 days 4.3 3.9 4.1
3-41 days 1.5 1.3 1.4
No postnatal check 5.2 5.7 5.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Continued…

98
Table 51 Delivery and postnatal care—Continued

Percent distribution of live births to women age 15-49 in the 5 years preceding the survey by place of
delivery and assistance during delivery, percentage of live births delivered by a skilled provider and by
caesarean section, percentage of live births delivered at home that were delivered by a skilled provider,
and percentage for which the delivery protocol was followed, and percent distribution of women giving
birth in the 5 years preceding the survey by timing and type of provider of the first postnatal check of the
mother for their most recent live birth, by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Delivery and postnatal care descriptors Urban Rural Total

Type of provider of mother's first postnatal check6

Doctor 61.8 54.5 56.8
ANM/nurse/midwife/LHV 31.1 36.8 35.0
Other health personnel 0.0 0.1 0.1
Dai (TBA) 1.3 2.0 1.8
Other 0.6 0.9 0.8
No postnatal check 5.2 5.7 5.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of last live births 1,583 3,543 5,126

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
NGO = Nongovernmental organization; ANM = Auxiliary nurse midwife; LHV = Lady health visitor; TBA = Traditional
birth attendant
1
Includes missing
2 If the respondent mentioned more than one person attending during delivery, only the most qualified person is

considered in this table

3
Skilled health personnel includes doctor, auxiliary nurse midwife, nurse, midwife, lady health visitor, and other health
personnel
4 A caesarean section for which the decision to have the operation was made after the onset of labour
5 Based on the last live birth in the five years preceding the survey
6 Based on the last live birth in the five years preceding the survey. Postnatal checks are checks on the woman's health

within 42 days of the birth

99
 Table 52 Delivery and postnatal care by background characteristics

Percentage of live births in the 5 years preceding the survey delivered in a health facility and percentage delivered with assistance from health personnel, and percentage of women
who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey who received a postnatal check and who received a postnatal check within 2 days of birth for their most recent birth, and among
births in the year preceding the survey, percentage of deliveries assisted by health personnel, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among births in the year

Percentage of Percentage Percentage of preceding the survey:
Percentage of Percentage of Percentage deliveries of women women with a Percentage of
births delivered births delivered of births assisted by with a postnatal check deliveries
in a public in a private delivered in a health Number postnatal within two days Number of assisted by Number of
Background characteristic health facility health facility health facility personnel1 of births check2,3 of birth2,3 women health personnel1 births

Mother's age at birth

<20 66.8 26.4 93.2 92.3 504 90.8 89.8 262 98.0 83
20-34 57.2 38.2 95.3 94.8 6,162 94.8 93.5 4,697 96.1 1,364
35-49 41.5 43.9 85.4 87.9 181 90.6 88.1 167 (84.7) 36

Residence
Urban 48.6 47.5 96.1 95.5 1,985 94.8 93.3 1,583 98.3 415
Rural 61.1 33.3 94.4 94.0 4,863 94.3 93.0 3,543 95.0 1,068

100
Birth order
1 52.7 44.8 97.6 96.4 2,741 95.3 93.9 1,742 97.1 637
2-3 60.1 35.1 95.3 94.7 3,370 95.4 94.2 2,779 95.9 710
4 or more 62.9 20.5 83.3 85.8 737 87.6 85.8 605 90.0 135

Antenatal care visits2

None 45.9 35.3 81.2 81.3 120 70.8 70.0 120 (81.5) 37
1-3 58.5 35.9 94.5 93.3 1,839 91.8 90.0 1,839 94.6 495
4 or more 55.3 42.3 97.6 97.1 3,096 97.2 96.1 3,096 97.1 919
Don't know 60.3 32.8 93.1 93.0 71 83.3 81.0 71 * 17

Mother's schooling
No schooling 62.2 19.3 81.4 83.2 1,001 87.7 85.5 662 87.9 185
<5 years complete 72.9 18.7 91.5 92.9 247 91.9 89.0 174 (90.5) 36
5-9 years complete 68.2 26.9 95.2 94.6 2,032 94.4 93.2 1,453 96.8 416
10-11 years complete 62.8 35.0 97.8 96.8 861 95.5 94.4 645 97.2 192
12 or more years complete 44.5 54.6 99.1 97.8 2,707 96.5 95.3 2,192 97.5 653

Continued…
 Table 52 Delivery and postnatal care by background characteristics—Continued

Percentage of live births in the 5 years preceding the survey delivered in a health facility and percentage delivered with assistance from health personnel, and percentage of women
who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey who received a postnatal check and who received a postnatal check within 2 days of birth for their most recent birth, and among
births in the year preceding the survey, percentage of deliveries assisted by health personnel, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among births in the year

Percentage of Percentage Percentage of preceding the survey:
Percentage of Percentage of Percentage deliveries of women women with a Percentage of
births delivered births delivered of births assisted by with a postnatal check deliveries
in a public in a private delivered in a health Number postnatal within two days Number of assisted by Number of
Background characteristic health facility health facility health facility personnel1 of births check2,3 of birth2,3 women health personnel1 births

Religion
Hindu 57.4 39.8 97.2 96.2 5,939 95.7 94.5 4,510 97.1 1,293
Muslim 58.4 16.8 75.1 78.6 718 81.7 79.3 460 84.7 146
Sikh 56.6 42.8 99.4 98.0 181 97.0 95.7 149 (98.0) 43

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 70.8 24.9 95.7 95.8 2,238 94.7 93.8 1,594 97.7 468
Scheduled tribe 69.2 26.2 95.4 95.5 53 (92.2) (92.2) 36 * 15

101
Other backward class 57.4 35.1 92.5 91.5 2,110 93.2 91.4 1,569 92.3 470
Other 44.6 51.9 96.5 95.8 2,405 95.6 94.1 1,900 97.3 522
Don't know 72.4 12.8 85.2 84.6 42 (81.3) (81.3) 28 * 8

Place of delivery
Public health facility 100.0 0.0 100.0 97.9 3,935 95.0 93.8 2,887 98.2 824
Private health facility4 0.0 100.0 100.0 98.2 2,564 96.6 95.5 2,037 98.2 607
Home na na na 23.7 330 65.1 57.5 189 23.8 47
Other5 na na na * 19 * * 13 * 5

Total 57.5 37.4 94.9 94.4 6,848 94.5 93.1 5,126 95.9 1,482
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes information on
births to women belonging to other religions, which is not shown separately.
na = Not applicable
1 Health personnel includes doctor, auxiliary nurse midwife, nurse, midwife, lady health visitor, and other health personnel. If the respondent mentioned more than one person attending during delivery, only

the most qualified person is considered in this table.

2 For the most recent birth in the 5 years preceding the survey
3
Postnatal checks are checks on the woman's health within 42 days of the birth
4 Includes nongovernmental organizations or trust hospitals/clinics
5 Includes missing
Table 53 Delivery and postnatal care by district

Percentage of live births in the 5 years preceding the survey delivered in a health facility, percentage delivered with assistance from
health personnel, and percentage delivered by caesarean section, and percentage of women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding
the survey who received a postnatal check within two days of birth for their most recent birth, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
Percentage Percentage Percentage of Percentage women who
of births of births Percentage deliveries of births received postnatal
delivered delivered of births assisted by delivered by care from a health
in a public in a private delivered in a health caesarean Number personnel within Number of
District health facility health facility health facility personnel1 section of births two days of birth2 women

Ambala 61.6 36.2 97.8 91.0 34.2 255 88.7 198

Bhiwani 49.3 48.4 97.7 97.8 13.1 340 92.2 241
Charkhi Dadri 55.9 43.0 98.9 99.7 14.2 138 93.8 105
Faridabad 42.9 49.6 92.5 93.9 23.5 425 96.5 328
Fatehabad 58.9 39.0 97.9 97.9 22.2 292 97.7 218
Gurgaon 56.9 39.7 96.7 97.2 18.6 356 87.7 273
Hisar 46.1 52.1 98.2 98.8 18.2 529 94.0 387
Jhajjar 60.6 36.6 97.2 97.2 21.3 251 96.1 197
Jind 66.5 32.1 98.7 99.0 14.5 355 97.0 265
Kaithal 65.4 32.9 98.2 99.7 24.9 282 95.6 203
Karnal 62.5 36.5 99.0 98.6 18.7 440 99.2 336
Kurukshetra 63.1 35.3 98.4 97.6 21.9 255 96.1 201
Mahendragarh 65.3 33.6 98.9 98.8 22.6 194 89.4 158
Mewat 59.1 15.5 74.6 77.8 4.2 496 73.6 310
Palwal 46.5 31.9 78.3 83.2 11.7 371 93.9 245
Panchkula 81.0 16.0 97.0 97.0 32.7 117 96.0 98
Panipat 52.6 44.5 97.1 96.3 20.3 347 92.9 273
Rewari 53.9 44.8 98.7 98.3 26.0 201 91.7 168
Rohtak 62.1 35.3 97.4 96.7 19.8 281 97.5 210
Sirsa 67.3 32.0 99.3 99.3 27.2 286 97.9 225
Sonipat 62.4 37.3 99.7 90.2 16.7 358 94.5 266
Yamunanagar 55.8 39.0 94.8 85.9 28.0 279 90.3 221

Haryana 57.5 37.4 94.9 94.4 19.4 6,848 93.1 5,126

1 Health personnel includes doctor, auxiliary nurse midwife, nurse, midwife, lady health visitor, and other health personnel. If the respondent mentioned
more than one person attending during delivery, only the most qualified person is considered in this table.
2 Postnatal checks are checks on the woman's health within 42 days of the birth

102
Table 54 Delivery costs and financial assistance

The average out-of-pocket cost paid for delivery for the most recent live birth among women who had a
live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey that was delivered in a health facility by type of facility, and
among women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey for the most recent birth that was
delivered in a health facility, percentage who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana
(JSY), according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage
who received
Average cost (Rs.)1
financial Number of
Public Private Any assistance births in a
Background characteristic health facility health facility health facility under JSY health facility

Mother's age at birth

<20 1,459 18,768 6,835 7.9 446
20-34 1,690 22,574 10,590 10.0 4,346
35-49 1,760 25,001 14,652 4.1 133

Birth order
1 1,835 23,293 11,724 13.4 2,663
2-3 1,443 21,460 9,218 5.5 1,897
4 or more 1,740 18,498 6,345 3.9 365

Residence
Urban 1,768 23,170 12,812 7.7 1,536
Rural 1,631 21,925 9,244 10.6 3,388

Schooling
No schooling 1,530 14,496 4,791 6.8 557
<5 years complete 2,023 19,204 5,711 8.7 159
5-9 years complete 1,545 20,477 7,192 10.2 1,396
10-11 years complete 1,581 21,839 9,245 9.6 634
12 or more years complete 1,844 24,172 14,520 10.1 2,177

Religion
Hindu 1,745 22,799 10,866 9.9 4,406
Muslim 952 10,275 3,205 5.9 365
Sikh 1,774 27,100 13,140 12.0 148

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 1,399 19,157 6,095 13.5 1,532
Scheduled tribe (1,203) (25,015) (8,482) (10.5) 35
Other backward class 1,796 20,883 9,516 8.3 1,481
Other 1,890 24,560 14,665 7.6 1,850
Don't know (2,762) (10,962) (4,396) (6.5) 25

Total 1,666 22,402 10,356 9.7 4,924

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes information on births to women
belonging to other religions, which is not shown separately.
1 Excludes women who don't know the cost

103
Table 55 Birth order and delivery characteristics by district

Percentage of births during the 3 years preceding the survey of birth order 3 or more, percentage of women who had a live
birth in the 5 years preceding the survey by antenatal care (ANC) provider during pregnancy for the most recent live birth,
and among women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey for the most recent birth that was delivered in
a health facility, the percentage of women who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) by district,
Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of Percentage of
last births births in a
Percentage of receiving health facility
last births antenatal receiving
Percentage receiving care from financial Number of
of births of birth Number antenatal care ANM/nurse/ Number of assistance births in a
District order 3 or more of births from doctor midwife/LHV last births under JSY health facility

Panchkula 24.9 63 67.4 48.3 98 16.6 95

Ambala 13.2 146 57.2 38.9 198 8.9 194
Yamunanagar 21.7 173 55.5 62.1 221 11.7 211
Kurukshetra 20.0 160 52.6 41.6 201 15.7 199
Kaithal 21.1 167 44.0 65.6 203 14.9 201
Karnal 24.4 255 74.2 52.3 336 10.0 332
Panipat 24.8 211 69.0 55.2 273 6.0 266
Sonipat 23.2 206 68.0 62.7 266 7.2 266
Jind 32.3 204 73.5 72.3 265 11.2 262
Fatehabad 24.0 160 73.7 74.9 218 12.6 213
Sirsa 21.2 162 52.8 79.8 225 18.4 225
Hisar 23.5 317 62.2 79.1 387 9.7 379
Rohtak 16.6 163 69.6 75.8 210 14.9 206
Jhajjar 22.2 154 78.2 61.3 197 6.9 194
Mahendragarh 15.1 118 68.5 38.5 158 7.5 157
Rewari 6.5 127 67.0 41.2 168 12.7 167
Gurgaon 18.8 216 66.8 64.2 273 7.8 263
Mewat 54.0 295 44.1 46.9 310 4.8 245
Faridabad 23.7 263 61.9 69.5 328 5.6 306
Palwal 35.3 218 56.8 57.8 245 2.5 202
Bhiwani 25.6 209 58.7 44.2 241 4.9 237
Charkhi Dadri 24.6 82 60.1 64.0 105 10.6 104

Haryana 24.9 4,071 62.8 60.2 5,126 9.7 4,924

ANM = Auxiliary nurse midwife; LHV = Lady health visitor

104
Table 56 Timing of first health check after birth for the newborn

Percent distribution of last births in the 5 years preceding the survey by time after birth of first health check, and the percentage of
births with a health check in the first two days after birth, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage
Time between delivery and
of births with
newborn's first postnatal health check
a health
Don't check in the
Background Less than 1-3 4-23 1-2 3-6 know/ No postnatal first two days Number
characteristic 1 hour hours hours days days missing health check1 Total after birth of births

Mother's age at birth

<20 26.6 58.7 3.1 3.8 1.3 0.0 5.7 100.0 92.3 468
20-34 30.1 55.4 3.4 3.7 0.9 0.0 5.8 100.0 92.7 4,504
35-49 30.3 46.5 2.4 3.9 0.5 0.0 16.1 100.0 83.0 154

Birth order
1 31.5 56.6 3.0 3.2 0.8 0.0 4.5 100.0 94.2 1,742
2-3 30.1 55.5 3.4 4.1 0.8 0.0 5.4 100.0 93.1 2,779
4-5 25.6 54.2 4.0 3.5 1.7 0.0 10.9 100.0 87.3 480
6 or more 17.0 45.1 5.9 3.5 2.3 0.0 25.6 100.0 71.5 126

Place of delivery
Public health facility 28.1 58.7 3.6 3.2 1.0 0.0 4.8 100.0 93.6 2,887
Private health facility2 34.5 54.1 3.1 3.4 0.5 0.0 3.7 100.0 95.2 2,037
Home 8.1 20.3 1.8 13.5 4.2 0.0 50.4 100.0 43.8 189

Residence
Urban 30.9 56.0 2.6 3.7 0.5 0.0 5.9 100.0 93.2 1,583
Rural 29.3 55.2 3.7 3.7 1.1 0.0 6.2 100.0 92.0 3,543

Religion
Hindu 30.5 56.5 3.4 3.5 0.9 0.0 4.6 100.0 94.0 4,510
Muslim 19.4 48.2 2.5 5.3 1.7 0.0 22.3 100.0 75.4 460
Sikh 38.8 47.0 5.0 5.4 0.0 0.0 2.3 100.0 96.2 149

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 29.7 54.5 4.3 3.6 1.1 0.0 6.1 100.0 92.1 1,594
Scheduled tribe (26.3) (58.5) (8.5) (0.0) (2.8) (0.0) (3.8) 100.0 (93.4) 36
Other backward class 28.7 55.1 3.0 3.9 1.0 0.0 7.7 100.0 90.7 1,569
Other 31.3 56.6 2.8 3.6 0.7 0.0 4.6 100.0 94.3 1,900
Don't know (4.7) (53.3) (4.5) (11.2) (0.0) (0.0) (26.2) 100.0 (73.8) 28

Mother's schooling
No schooling 22.7 52.4 3.4 3.2 1.4 0.0 16.5 100.0 81.7 662
<5 years complete 27.1 52.3 2.0 3.4 3.0 0.0 10.2 100.0 84.9 174
5-9 years complete 30.2 55.4 3.7 3.4 1.2 0.0 5.4 100.0 92.7 1,453
10-11 years complete 30.4 56.5 2.6 4.6 0.9 0.0 4.5 100.0 94.1 645
12 or more years
complete 31.8 56.4 3.5 3.8 0.5 0.0 3.6 100.0 95.5 2,192

Total 29.8 55.5 3.4 3.7 0.9 0.0 6.1 100.0 92.4 5,126
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes information on births to women who delivered in an other place of
delivery and women belonging to other religions, which is not shown separately.
1 Includes newborns who received a health check after the first week
2 Includes nongovernmental organization or trust hospital/clinic

105
Table 57 Trends in maternal care indicators

Maternal care indicators for births during the 5 years preceding the survey by residence, NFHS-5 and NFHS-4,
Haryana, 2019-21

NFHS-5 NFHS-4
Indicator (2019-21) (2015-16)
URBAN

Percentage who received antenatal care1 96.6 82.0

Percentage who had at least four antenatal care visits1 62.9 49.3
Percentage who received antenatal care within the first trimester of pregnancy1 84.9 63.5
Percentage of births delivered in a health facility2 96.1 80.6
Percentage of deliveries assisted by health personnel2,3 95.5 85.0

RURAL

Percentage who received antenatal care1 96.1 83.5

Percentage who had at least four antenatal care visits1 59.3 42.6
Percentage who received antenatal care within the first trimester of pregnancy1 85.3 63.0
Percentage of births delivered in a health facility2 94.5 80.4
Percentage of deliveries assisted by health personnel2,3 94.0 84.5

TOTAL

Percentage who received antenatal care1 96.2 82.9

Percentage who had at least four antenatal care visits1 60.4 45.1
Percentage who received antenatal care within the first trimester of pregnancy1 85.2 63.2
Percentage of births delivered in a health facility2 94.9 80.4
Percentage of deliveries assisted by health personnel2,3 94.4 84.7
1 Based on the last birth to women in the 5 years preceding the survey
2 Based on all births in the 5 years preceding the survey
3
Doctor, auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM), nurse, midwife, lady health visitor (LHV), or other health personnel

106
Table 58 Male involvement in maternal care: Men's report

Among men age 15-49 whose youngest living child was age 0-35 months, percentage for whom the mother of the
child received antenatal care (ANC), percentage who were present for at least one antenatal check-up, percentage
who were told by a health provider or worker at any time during the pregnancy about specific signs of pregnancy
complications, percentage to whom a health provider or worker spoke about specific aspects of maternal care at
any time during the pregnancy, and percentage whose youngest child was delivered in a health facility, and among
men with a child age 0-35 months whose youngest living child was not delivered in a health facility, percentage
who were given specific home delivery related information, by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Antenatal and delivery care information Urban Rural Total

Percentage of men for whom the child's mother received antenatal care 98.6 95.5 96.5
Percentage of men who were present at any antenatal check-up 83.1 81.5 82.0

Percentage who were told by a health provider or worker about the

following signs of pregnancy complications:
Vaginal bleeding 55.6 64.8 61.9
Convulsions 55.2 63.0 60.5
Prolonged labour 61.0 67.8 65.6
Severe abdominal pain 59.1 69.5 66.2
High blood pressure 62.0 67.7 65.9

Percentage ever told what to do if the child's mother had any

pregnancy complications 65.5 66.2 66.0

Percentage whose youngest child age 0-35 months was delivered in a

health facility 92.3 92.2 92.2

Percentage to whom a health provider or worker spoke about the

following aspects of maternal care:
The importance of delivering the baby in a health facility 62.5 68.3 66.5
The importance of proper nutrition for the mother during pregnancy 75.1 76.8 76.2
Family planning or delaying his next child 69.9 69.8 69.8

Number of men with a youngest child age 0-35 months 159 340 500

Among men whose last child age 0-35 months was not delivered in a
health facility, percentage who were told the importance of:
Cord care * (47.2) (59.9)
Breastfeeding the baby immediately after delivery * (50.6) (58.7)
Keeping the baby warm immediately after birth * (57.2) (66.7)

Number of men whose youngest child age 0-35 months was not delivered
in a health facility 12 27 39

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25
unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

107
 Table 59 Vaccinations by background characteristics

Percentage of children age 12-23 months who received specific vaccines at any time before the survey (according to a vaccination card or the mother's report), and percentage with a vaccination card seen
by the interviewer, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Percentage
MCV/ All age with a Number
Hepatitis B or Penta1 DPT or Penta Polio2
Background Measles/ All basic appropriate No vaccination of
characteristic BCG 0 1 2 3 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 MMR/MR vaccinations3 vaccinations4 vaccinations5 card seen children

Sex
Male 94.1 67.2 92.4 89.3 86.5 92.8 91.0 87.6 85.0 88.9 85.1 80.0 88.7 76.5 55.9 5.0 86.9 683
Female 95.9 65.9 95.1 92.0 88.5 95.2 93.1 89.4 85.7 91.6 87.6 81.1 90.2 77.3 54.2 2.8 87.2 615

Birth order
1 95.9 67.8 94.9 92.6 89.9 94.8 94.1 90.7 88.8 91.0 89.1 84.1 92.2 81.3 59.3 3.5 88.6 553
2-3 94.4 66.6 94.6 91.3 88.0 94.3 92.1 88.9 83.0 90.2 85.5 79.5 89.6 75.3 53.8 3.9 88.8 594
4-5 93.5 64.0 87.1 81.5 79.6 91.0 85.3 81.1 81.7 88.7 81.9 75.5 82.3 70.7 47.6 6.5 77.3 128
6 or more (96.5) (51.2) (77.0) (77.0) (56.1) (81.5) (78.6) (64.9) (81.8) (77.5) (62.9) (51.6) (55.1) (46.6) (26.7) (3.5) (60.0) 23

Residence

108
Urban 95.9 67.0 94.8 91.7 87.8 94.5 93.4 88.9 84.1 89.4 85.9 77.8 89.4 74.3 53.5 3.3 82.7 367
Rural 94.6 66.5 93.2 90.2 87.3 93.7 91.5 88.3 85.8 90.5 86.4 81.6 89.4 77.9 55.7 4.2 88.8 931

Mother's schooling
No schooling 91.7 61.9 88.1 82.7 78.7 88.7 83.6 79.2 80.7 86.1 77.6 71.3 79.1 66.0 45.4 7.4 81.7 195
<5 years complete (92.4) (67.9) (93.4) (93.4) (89.8) (93.4) (93.4) (91.7) (86.0) (85.1) (79.8) (76.0) (91.7) (74.3) (53.0) (5.9) (79.6) 51
5-7 years complete 96.5 66.6 92.9 86.2 83.3 92.7 89.6 85.5 81.1 90.6 86.6 77.9 87.6 72.9 50.6 2.3 83.2 157
8-9 years complete 96.8 71.0 95.5 94.4 89.1 95.9 95.5 89.5 86.0 91.5 87.2 79.6 90.8 75.8 57.5 2.2 86.9 198
10-11 years complete 97.2 72.1 96.4 95.9 93.8 96.4 96.4 94.4 89.2 92.6 91.5 85.9 95.1 85.1 64.2 2.8 89.7 140
12 or more years
complete 94.7 65.2 94.5 91.7 89.3 94.9 93.2 90.4 86.8 90.9 88.1 84.0 91.3 80.4 56.8 4.0 90.2 558

Religion
Hindu 95.6 67.1 95.2 92.8 90.1 95.2 94.0 91.1 86.5 91.2 88.2 83.3 92.2 79.9 57.4 3.2 89.3 1,115
Muslim 89.6 61.6 81.4 72.7 64.7 83.9 75.8 66.6 75.7 81.8 70.4 60.0 66.1 53.0 37.1 10.4 69.1 147
Sikh (96.9) (69.3) (96.9) (96.9) (96.9) (96.9) (96.9) (96.9) (88.6) (93.1) (90.8) (80.0) (96.9) (80.0) (54.7) (3.1) (91.6) 35

Continued…
 Table 59 Vaccinations by background characteristics—Continued

Percentage of children age 12-23 months who received specific vaccines at any time before the survey (according to a vaccination card or the mother's report), and percentage with a vaccination card seen
by the interviewer, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Percentage
MCV/ All age with a Number
Hepatitis B or Penta1 DPT or Penta Polio2
Background Measles/ All basic appropriate No vaccination of
characteristic BCG 0 1 2 3 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 MMR/MR vaccinations3 vaccinations4 vaccinations5 card seen children

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 95.6 67.7 93.8 91.5 89.5 94.2 93.2 90.6 87.6 91.6 87.8 83.9 90.3 79.1 57.4 3.1 88.2 430
Other backward class 94.9 63.2 93.1 89.7 85.0 93.9 90.5 86.2 84.0 88.7 83.7 75.5 88.5 72.6 49.8 4.0 87.0 401
Other6 94.8 68.4 94.4 90.9 87.8 94.2 92.8 88.8 84.5 90.4 87.2 81.9 89.6 78.6 57.2 4.4 85.9 455

Total 94.9 66.6 93.7 90.6 87.4 94.0 92.0 88.5 85.3 90.2 86.3 80.6 89.4 76.9 55.1 4.0 87.1 1,298

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 92.8 67.7 68.4 62.9 54.3 87.6 83.6 76.5 83.8 90.2 84.7 75.3 79.0 62.2 na 6.3 70.6 1,501
Note: Children are considered to have received the vaccine if it was either written on the child's vaccination card or reported by the mother. For children whose vaccination information is based on the mother's report, the date of
vaccination is not collected. The proportions of vaccinations given during the first year of life are assumed to be the same as for children with a written record of vaccination. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted
cases. Total includes children belonging to other religions, children belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, who are not shown separately.

109
1 Hepatitis B 0 is the hepatitis vaccination given at birth. There is no Penta 0 vaccine.
2 Polio 0 is the polio vaccination given at birth
3
BCG, MCV/Measles/MMR/MR, and three doses each of DPT/Penta and polio vaccine (excluding polio vaccine given at birth)
4 BCG, MCV/Measles/MMR/MR, four doses of hepatitis B/Penta, and three doses each of DPT/Penta and polio vaccine (excluding polio vaccine given at birth)
5
Child has not received any vaccinations listed in the table
6 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
 Table 60 Vaccinations by district

Percentage of children age 12-23 months who received specific vaccines at any time before the survey (according to a vaccination card or the mother's report), and percentage with a vaccination card seen
by the interviewer, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage
MCV/ All age with a Number
Hepatitis B or Penta1 DPT or Penta Polio2 Measles/ All basic appropriate No vaccination of
District BCG 0 1 2 3 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 MMR/MR vaccinations3 vaccinations4 vaccinations5 card seen children

Ambala 97.7 80.3 95.6 92.8 92.8 95.4 95.4 93.3 88.6 91.8 91.8 81.4 93.3 79.3 68.2 2.3 88.0 48
Bhiwani 95.2 59.8 97.2 95.8 89.3 98.5 97.2 93.2 81.3 87.7 81.2 78.6 95.7 72.5 45.0 1.5 86.6 74
Charkhi Dadri 92.4 47.7 94.8 94.8 92.6 94.8 94.8 92.6 77.4 90.6 90.6 86.1 94.8 84.2 45.4 3.5 92.4 24
Faridabad 95.4 46.9 94.0 90.3 83.6 94.0 91.4 83.6 84.3 88.7 85.4 74.4 85.1 69.5 36.9 3.3 89.3 85
Fatehabad 96.8 68.4 95.4 93.8 93.8 93.8 93.8 93.8 85.8 95.4 93.8 90.7 93.8 90.7 63.2 3.2 93.8 57
Gurgaon (93.0) (66.7) (86.9) (75.3) (70.1) (86.9) (84.9) (70.1) (83.8) (82.1) (73.1) (68.4) (81.8) (58.7) (50.4) (4.3) (68.1) 67
Hisar 100.0 60.2 97.0 95.3 95.3 97.0 97.0 95.3 87.6 97.1 93.5 87.0 97.0 85.5 50.0 0.0 81.0 93
Jhajjar 96.9 79.0 96.5 96.5 94.0 98.3 98.3 95.9 89.0 98.3 95.1 90.9 96.5 90.9 71.1 1.7 93.2 59
Jind 96.3 52.8 95.8 94.1 88.1 94.1 94.1 88.1 88.6 93.5 91.9 86.2 84.2 77.5 45.3 2.3 85.9 62
Kaithal (89.7) (80.0) (91.9) (91.9) (91.9) (91.9) (91.9) (91.9) (89.7) (91.9) (91.9) (76.4) (91.9) (74.3) (66.8) (8.1) (79.2) 47
Karnal 100.0 83.0 100.0 100.0 97.8 100.0 100.0 98.8 92.8 97.1 95.8 91.4 98.7 88.8 74.3 0.0 98.4 80

110
Kurukshetra 97.0 80.2 98.5 98.5 91.6 98.5 98.5 98.5 93.4 89.3 81.7 73.6 94.6 69.8 60.6 1.5 90.0 48
Mahendragarh 94.3 73.0 94.4 86.6 84.2 96.4 88.7 86.4 83.8 88.1 80.5 76.0 87.6 73.9 62.5 3.6 88.7 39
Mewat 87.2 65.3 82.9 75.6 66.4 84.2 76.4 68.3 74.3 77.8 66.7 57.7 65.7 53.8 41.7 12.8 69.8 99
Palwal 94.0 49.8 88.6 84.6 81.3 90.0 86.0 82.2 72.7 85.2 79.2 75.0 86.7 69.0 33.6 5.0 90.8 72
Panchkula (97.1) (91.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (97.1) (85.1) (97.1) (85.1) (85.1) (2.9) (88.0) 21
Panipat 96.7 64.9 95.3 88.3 86.9 96.7 91.9 86.9 84.8 93.9 91.0 82.1 90.5 80.6 56.4 3.3 91.2 64
Rewari 92.6 79.0 94.2 92.7 90.2 91.7 91.7 90.2 90.0 86.7 85.2 83.5 90.2 79.3 68.9 5.8 88.7 44
Rohtak 88.2 59.8 89.9 86.5 84.5 89.8 86.4 84.4 74.4 88.1 84.7 84.7 83.1 77.4 52.8 8.3 87.9 56
Sonipat (92.3) (53.7) (92.3) (90.1) (90.1) (92.3) (90.1) (90.1) (86.3) (90.1) (87.9) (83.0) (90.1) (83.0) (44.6) (7.7) (92.5) 50
Yamunanagar 95.8 69.3 91.7 89.1 87.6 93.2 91.9 90.4 90.7 87.0 84.4 84.4 94.1 82.9 56.1 4.2 93.9 62

Haryana 94.9 66.6 93.7 90.6 87.4 94.0 92.0 88.5 85.3 90.2 86.3 80.6 89.4 76.9 55.1 4.0 87.1 1,298
Ambala
Note: Children are considered to have received the vaccine if it was either written on the child's vaccination card or reported by the mother. For children whose vaccination information is based on the mother's report, the date of
vaccination is not collected. The proportions of vaccinations given during the first year of life are assumed to be the same as for children with a written record of vaccination. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted
cases. Table includes Sirsa district, which is not shown separately.
1 Hepatitis B 0 is the hepatitis vaccination given at birth. There is no Penta 0 vaccine.
2
Polio 0 is the polio vaccination given at birth
3 BCG, measles, and three doses each of DPT/Penta and polio vaccine (excluding polio vaccine given at birth)
4 BCG, MCV/Measles/MMR/MR, four doses of hepatitis B/Penta, and three doses each of DPT and polio vaccine (excluding polio vaccine given at birth)
5 Child has not received any vaccinations listed in the table
Table 61 Prevalence and treatment of symptoms of ARI and fever

Among children under age 5 years, percentage who had symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) and fever in the 2 weeks
preceding the survey and among children with symptoms of ARI and fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, percentage for whom
advice or treatment was sought from a health facility or provider, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Children under age five with Children under age five

Children under age five symptoms of ARI with fever
Percentage
for whom Percentage
treatment for whom
Percentage was sought treatment was
with from a health Percentage sought from a
Background symptoms Percentage Number of facility or who received Number of health facility Number of
characteristic of ARI1 with fever children provider2 antibiotics children or provider2 children

Age in months
<6 2.0 6.9 740 * * 15 67.6 51
6-11 4.1 9.7 596 * * 24 76.2 58
12-23 2.5 8.3 1,298 (53.5) (22.7) 32 92.9 108
24-35 2.5 8.1 1,310 (49.5) (6.2) 33 92.6 106
36-47 1.9 7.3 1,322 (36.7) (8.6) 25 82.7 97
48-59 1.6 5.3 1,338 * * 21 76.6 72

Sex
Male 2.6 8.6 3,490 48.9 14.0 90 84.4 300
Female 1.9 6.1 3,116 40.1 16.6 59 83.0 191

Residence
Urban 1.8 6.4 1,920 (17.5) (7.9) 35 87.4 123
Rural 2.4 7.9 4,685 54.0 17.2 115 82.7 369

Mother's schooling
No schooling 2.0 5.4 944 * * 19 73.8 51
<5 years complete 2.6 10.1 223 * * 6 * 23
5-7 years complete 1.9 7.6 850 * * 16 88.1 64
8-9 years complete 1.9 7.7 1,002 * * 19 85.1 77
10-11 years complete 3.3 10.4 811 (53.3) (28.6) 27 88.1 84
12 or more years
complete 2.3 6.9 2,775 42.5 10.0 64 85.3 192

Religion
Hindu 2.3 7.6 5,737 46.7 16.5 132 86.1 438
Muslim 2.1 6.1 685 * * 15 (60.2) 42
Sikh 1.5 7.2 174 * * 3 * 13

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 2.3 7.4 2,147 47.6 12.2 50 83.5 158
Scheduled tribe 1.9 9.8 48 * * 1 * 5
Other backward class 2.1 7.9 2,038 (43.9) (13.6) 42 85.7 161
Other 2.4 7.0 2,335 44.4 17.4 56 82.0 164
Don't know (2.6) (12.2) 36 * * 1 * 4

Total 2.3 7.4 6,605 45.4 15.0 150 83.8 492

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and
has been suppressed. Total includes children belonging to other religions, who are not shown separately.
1 Symptoms of ARI are cough accompanied by short, rapid breathing which is chest related and/or difficult breathing which is chest related
2 Includes advice or treatment from the public health sector, the private health sector, or shop. Excludes advice or treatment from a traditional healer

or friend/relative

111
 Table 62 Prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea

Percentage of children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey and among children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, percentage
who received advice or treatment from a health facility or health provider, percentage who received oral rehydration therapy (ORT), percentage who were given other treatments, and percentage who were
given no treatment, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
Percentage of children
children with
who were given: Percentage who were given other treatments
diarrhoea for
whom advice A fluid
or treatment made Contin- Number
Percentage was sought from ORT (ORS, ORS ued Home of
of children Number from a health an Either gruel, or ORS or in- feeding Anti- Anti- Intra- remedy/ No children
Background with of facility or ORS ORS or Increased increased and creased and biotic motility Other venous herbal/ treat- with
characteristic diarrhoea children provider1 packet Gruel gruel fluids fluids) Zinc zinc fluids ORT2 drug drug drug3 solution other ment diarrhoea

Age in months
<6 5.0 740 (73.2) (21.3) (4.7) (24.1) (0.0) (24.1) (13.3) (10.8) (21.3) (17.7) (13.5) (5.6) (8.6) (0.0) (9.6) (51.1) 37
6-11 8.4 596 (82.0) (36.5) (29.3) (43.8) (9.4) (49.1) (29.0) (15.7) (41.8) (23.5) (10.2) (4.0) (24.7) (0.0) (17.8) (11.1) 50
12-23 8.0 1,298 80.9 48.4 32.6 58.6 5.2 61.2 27.5 20.9 51.0 34.6 14.0 1.8 16.3 1.8 12.8 12.9 104
24-35 4.3 1,310 69.8 56.4 51.0 68.1 6.1 70.9 33.7 28.0 61.2 52.1 18.7 7.4 12.0 0.0 8.0 14.1 57

112
36-47 3.4 1,322 (70.8) (60.1) (33.8) (63.7) (2.2) (63.7) (19.9) (18.1) (60.1) (46.4) (17.4) (5.7) (19.1) (0.0) (4.3) (21.9) 45
48-59 2.5 1,338 (73.6) (49.2) (35.5) (57.6) (10.3) (64.9) (28.0) (23.4) (56.6) (40.6) (11.3) (2.1) (9.4) (0.0) (14.3) (19.2) 34

Sex
Male 5.2 3,490 77.7 49.4 35.2 56.2 4.3 59.5 29.6 23.1 52.7 36.0 10.6 5.4 16.2 0.5 11.5 18.7 181
Female 4.7 3,116 74.1 43.2 29.4 52.9 7.1 55.2 22.0 16.2 46.3 36.7 19.1 2.6 14.9 0.7 11.2 19.4 145

Residence
Urban 4.8 1,920 70.7 52.2 50.2 64.4 3.1 64.4 26.0 22.0 52.2 44.0 15.2 3.1 15.8 0.0 16.9 10.6 93
Rural 5.0 4,685 78.3 44.4 25.6 50.8 6.5 54.9 26.3 19.3 48.9 33.2 14.1 4.5 15.6 0.8 9.2 22.3 233

Mother's schooling
No schooling 4.0 944 (71.1) (69.0) (34.1) (70.9) (5.1) (70.9) (37.8) (37.8) (69.0) (39.2) (18.0) (10.2) (15.7) (2.8) (13.2) (10.5) 38
<5 years complete 6.8 223 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 15
5-7 years complete 4.6 850 (79.7) (47.8) (31.4) (51.9) (0.0) (51.9) (18.3) (13.3) (47.8) (39.6) (11.7) (2.0) (12.6) (0.0) (13.5) (24.7) 39
8-9 years complete 5.0 1,002 78.3 47.0 34.3 58.5 7.2 64.0 24.5 24.5 52.4 39.4 16.2 0.0 17.3 0.0 4.4 22.1 50
10-11 years complete 8.0 811 90.4 42.1 34.7 56.5 2.4 57.7 24.5 13.6 43.4 30.2 17.0 1.1 12.8 0.0 11.4 17.9 65
12 or more years
complete 4.3 2,775 68.1 42.6 31.5 50.2 7.4 53.3 24.8 18.4 46.8 37.0 11.4 5.6 17.5 0.7 12.6 19.4 119

Continued…
 Table 62 Prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea—Continued

Percentage of children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey and among children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, percentage
who received advice or treatment from a health facility or health provider, percentage who received oral rehydration therapy (ORT), percentage who were given other treatments, and percentage who were
given no treatment, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
Percentage of children
children with
who were given: Percentage who were given other treatments
diarrhoea for
whom advice A fluid
or treatment made Contin- Number
Percentage was sought from ORT (ORS, ORS ued Home of
of children Number from a health an Either gruel, or ORS or in- feeding Anti- Anti- Intra- remedy/ No children
Background with of facility or ORS ORS or Increased increased and creased and biotic motility Other venous herbal/ treat- with
characteristic diarrhoea children provider1 packet Gruel gruel fluids fluids) Zinc zinc fluids ORT2 drug drug drug3 solution other ment diarrhoea

Religion
Hindu 4.9 5,737 75.5 45.6 33.9 54.6 5.4 57.2 26.1 19.0 48.7 35.7 15.2 4.2 15.6 0.7 12.5 17.9 282
Muslim 4.7 685 (80.2) (57.2) (16.4) (57.2) (8.3) (62.8) (25.4) (25.4) (62.8) (44.1) (10.3) (4.8) (16.9) (0.0) (2.1) (28.5) 32
Sikh 6.4 174 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 11

113
Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 5.1 2,147 79.5 42.8 27.1 50.3 5.9 54.4 27.2 20.2 48.0 33.0 17.3 5.2 15.3 1.7 7.3 19.1 110
Scheduled tribe 9.9 48 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 5
Other backward class 5.9 2,038 72.2 40.0 30.5 49.9 3.7 51.8 20.8 16.4 41.8 34.8 15.4 2.6 17.3 0.0 15.9 23.6 121
Other 3.8 2,335 77.3 57.7 39.4 64.6 8.0 67.4 32.0 23.9 60.5 40.1 9.0 5.2 15.0 0.0 11.1 12.9 88
Don't know (5.7) 36 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2

Source of drinking
water4
Improved 5.0 6,512 75.9 47.1 32.9 55.2 5.6 58.1 26.5 20.2 50.4 36.6 14.5 4.2 15.3 0.6 11.5 18.7 323
Unimproved 4.1 56 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2
Other (2.3) 37 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1

Continued…
 Table 62 Prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea—Continued

Percentage of children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey and among children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, percentage
who received advice or treatment from a health facility or health provider, percentage who received oral rehydration therapy (ORT), percentage who were given other treatments, and percentage who were
given no treatment, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
Percentage of children
children with
who were given: Percentage who were given other treatments
diarrhoea for
whom advice A fluid
or treatment made Contin- Number
Percentage was sought from ORT (ORS, ORS ued Home of
of children Number from a health an Either gruel, or ORS or in- feeding Anti- Anti- Intra- remedy/ No children
Background with of facility or ORS ORS or Increased increased and creased and biotic motility Other venous herbal/ treat- with
characteristic diarrhoea children provider1 packet Gruel gruel fluids fluids) Zinc zinc fluids ORT2 drug drug drug3 solution other ment diarrhoea

Toilet facility4
Improved 4.8 5,421 76.5 46.6 32.0 54.5 6.0 57.1 25.5 19.5 49.7 34.2 12.7 3.8 17.1 0.7 9.8 21.1 258
Shared5 6.1 850 74.4 40.5 38.9 50.3 3.5 53.8 25.9 19.3 44.0 39.8 23.6 5.4 11.9 0.0 18.8 11.3 52
Unimproved 5.7 103 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 6
No facility/open

114
defecation 4.5 230 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 10

Total 4.9 6,605 76.1 46.6 32.6 54.7 5.5 57.6 26.2 20.1 49.9 36.3 14.4 4.1 15.6 0.6 11.4 19.0 326
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes children belonging to other religions, who
are not shown separately.
ORS = Oral rehydration salts
1
Includes advice or treatment from the public health sector, the private health sector, or shop. Excludes advice or treatment from a traditional healer or friend/relative
2 Continued feeding includes children who were given more, same as usual, or somewhat less food during the diarrhoea episode
3
Includes injection and unknown pill or syrup
4
See Table 4 for definition of categories
5 Facilities that would be considered improved if they were not shared by two or more households
 Table 63 Feeding practices during diarrhoea

Percent distribution of children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey by amount of liquids and food given compared with normal practice, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Number
of
Amount of liquids given Amount of food given
children
Background Same as Somewhat Don't Same as Somewhat Never Don't with
characteristic More usual less Much less None know Total More usual less Much less None gave food know Total diarrhoea

Age in months
<6 (0.0) (38.5) (30.8) (26.1) (4.7) (0.0) 100.0 (0.0) (21.0) (28.2) (10.3) (0.0) (38.0) (2.5) 100.0 37
6-11 (9.4) (23.4) (31.2) (29.0) (5.6) (1.4) 100.0 (9.4) (20.8) (23.3) (24.9) (0.0) (14.8) (6.9) 100.0 50
12-23 5.2 23.0 35.1 28.4 5.6 2.7 100.0 3.1 21.1 34.5 34.6 0.8 5.4 0.5 100.0 104
24-35 6.1 32.3 38.2 18.3 3.7 1.4 100.0 3.4 30.5 41.2 19.8 1.5 2.2 1.4 100.0 57
36-47 (2.2) (30.9) (45.7) (13.1) (4.0) (4.1) 100.0 (4.1) (25.8) (38.7) (27.1) (0.0) (2.6) (1.6) 100.0 45
48-59 (10.3) (23.9) (29.7) (31.8) (4.4) (0.0) 100.0 (10.0) (28.4) (20.2) (36.3) (2.7) (0.0) (2.3) 100.0 34

Sex
Male 4.3 25.8 35.9 27.1 4.9 2.0 100.0 4.8 20.7 30.0 30.5 1.4 9.8 2.7 100.0 181

115
Female 7.1 29.8 34.9 21.7 4.8 1.7 100.0 4.4 28.3 35.3 22.5 0.0 7.9 1.6 100.0 145

Residence
Urban 3.1 24.8 39.6 25.9 5.4 1.2 100.0 3.1 22.9 42.1 26.1 0.0 5.7 0.0 100.0 93
Rural 6.5 28.7 33.8 24.2 4.6 2.1 100.0 5.2 24.5 28.5 27.3 1.1 10.3 3.1 100.0 233

Mother's schooling
No schooling (5.1) (22.1) (30.2) (34.8) (3.9) (3.8) 100.0 (12.8) (10.2) (30.0) (29.2) (2.2) (11.8) (3.8) 100.0 38
5-7 years complete (0.0) (42.1) (31.3) (22.9) (3.7) (0.0) 100.0 (0.0) (26.0) (31.9) (18.3) (0.0) (15.6) (8.1) 100.0 39
8-9 years complete 7.2 23.3 30.5 31.6 2.7 4.8 100.0 5.4 24.2 27.7 33.0 1.8 5.4 2.6 100.0 50
10-11 years complete 2.4 29.8 41.7 20.7 5.5 0.0 100.0 2.4 16.2 37.5 29.4 1.3 12.6 0.5 100.0 65
12 or more years
complete 7.4 27.4 39.3 18.1 5.9 1.9 100.0 3.3 31.7 35.4 22.9 0.0 6.7 0.0 100.0 119

Religion
Hindu 5.4 28.4 34.1 25.7 4.7 1.7 100.0 3.3 25.7 31.0 28.3 0.9 9.4 1.4 100.0 282
Muslim (8.3) (28.9) (36.1) (14.9) (7.3) (4.5) 100.0 (17.5) (17.0) (32.0) (14.7) (0.0) (9.1) (9.7) 100.0 32

Continued…
 Table 63 Feeding practices during diarrhoea—Continued

Percent distribution of children under age 5 years who had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey by amount of liquids and food given compared with normal practice, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Number
of
Amount of liquids given Amount of food given
children
Background Same as Somewhat Don't Same as Somewhat Never Don't with
characteristic More usual less Much less None know Total More usual less Much less None gave food know Total diarrhoea

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 5.9 24.5 37.3 27.9 3.8 0.7 100.0 3.5 22.7 31.5 30.1 0.8 9.4 2.0 100.0 110
Other backward class 3.7 33.0 30.1 21.5 7.8 4.0 100.0 5.6 27.5 31.1 21.7 1.4 10.2 2.6 100.0 121
Other1 8.0 22.1 42.3 24.5 2.5 0.6 100.0 5.1 18.8 36.8 29.6 0.0 7.6 2.0 100.0 88

Total 5.5 27.6 35.5 24.7 4.8 1.9 100.0 4.6 24.1 32.4 26.9 0.8 9.0 2.2 100.0 326

Note: It is recommended that children should be given more liquids to drink during diarrhoea and food should not be reduced. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes children whose mother
has less than 5 years of schooling, children belonging to Sikh or other religions, and children belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, who are not shown separately.
1 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

116
Table 64 Knowledge of ORS packets

Percentage of women age 15-49 who had a live birth in

the 5 years preceding the survey who know about ORS
packets for treatment of diarrhoea, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of
women who
know about Number of
Background characteristic ORS packets women

Age
15-19 91.5 61
20-24 94.5 1,304
25-34 96.6 3,343
35-49 91.4 419

Residence
Urban 97.3 1,583
Rural 94.8 3,544

Schooling
No schooling 88.5 663
<5 years complete 92.0 174
5-9 years complete 95.7 1,453
10-11 years complete 96.8 645
12 or more years complete 97.5 2,192

Religion
Hindu 96.4 4,510
Muslim 86.8 460
Sikh 96.4 149

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 95.2 1,594
Scheduled tribe (95.9) 36
Other backward class 95.3 1,570
Other 96.2 1,900
Don't know (84.6) 28

Total 95.5 5,127

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted
cases. Total includes women belonging to other religions, who
are not shown separately.
ORS = Oral rehydration salts

117
 Table 65 Indicators of utilization of ICDS services

Percentage of children under age 6 years who received any service and received specific services from an anganwadi centre (AWC) in the 12 months preceding the survey, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of children age 0-71 months Children age 0-59 months who
who received from an AWC Children age 36-71 months Children age 0-59 months were weighed at an AWC
Percentage whose
Percentage Percentage of mothers received
who went for children who counselling from
Any Supplementary Any Health Number of early childhood Number of were weighed Number of an AWC after Number of
Background characteristic services food1 immunizations check-ups children care/preschool children at an AWC children child was weighed children

Age in months
<12 72.5 66.0 62.8 63.9 1,336 na na 65.4 1,336 80.5 874
12-23 80.0 74.1 72.9 71.3 1,298 na na 73.8 1,298 80.1 958
24-35 74.4 70.4 60.9 65.8 1,310 na na 68.0 1,310 82.6 891
36-47 70.1 66.6 49.6 59.5 1,322 49.2 1,322 62.2 1,322 81.3 822
48-59 60.4 56.4 41.1 53.5 1,338 44.0 1,338 53.7 1,338 80.4 719
60-71 51.4 46.2 36.2 43.5 1,364 37.1 1,364 na na na na

118
0-35 75.6 70.1 65.5 66.9 3,945 na na 69.0 3,945 81.1 2,723
36-71 60.5 56.3 42.2 52.1 4,024 43.4 4,024 na na na na

Sex
Male 67.7 63.0 53.3 59.3 4,221 43.8 2,121 64.5 3,490 81.3 2,251
Female 68.4 63.3 54.2 59.6 3,748 42.9 1,904 64.6 3,116 80.7 2,012

Residence
Urban 55.8 48.3 44.0 47.6 2,310 32.7 1,170 51.0 1,920 80.7 979
Rural 73.0 69.2 57.7 64.3 5,659 47.7 2,854 70.1 4,685 81.1 3,284

Mother's schooling
No schooling 62.8 58.3 48.3 53.5 1,122 41.2 555 58.5 944 78.2 552
<5 years complete 69.2 67.4 51.1 59.3 276 45.9 146 66.7 223 75.7 149
5-7 years complete 68.7 65.3 53.8 60.6 1,030 44.7 537 64.1 850 80.4 545
8-9 years complete 67.4 61.1 53.9 57.7 1,205 40.5 623 64.5 1,002 81.5 646
10-11 years complete 70.3 66.5 57.8 62.8 971 46.6 497 69.0 811 82.1 560
12 or more years complete 69.0 63.5 54.5 60.7 3,365 43.6 1,665 65.3 2,775 82.0 1,812

Continued…
 Table 65 Indicators of utilization of ICDS services—Continued

Percentage of children under age 6 years who received any service and received specific services from an anganwadi centre (AWC) in the 12 months preceding the survey, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of children age 0-71 months Children age 0-59 months who
who received from an AWC Children age 36-71 months Children age 0-59 months were weighed at an AWC
Percentage whose
Percentage Percentage of mothers received
who went for children who counselling from
Any Supplementary Any Health Number of early childhood Number of were weighed Number of an AWC after Number of
Background characteristic services food1 immunizations check-ups children care/preschool children at an AWC children child was weighed children

Religion
Hindu 69.1 64.1 54.9 60.7 6,928 43.6 3,514 66.0 5,737 81.5 3,785
Muslim 59.8 56.4 45.5 51.0 805 40.4 387 53.6 685 78.3 368
Sikh 62.8 57.6 48.4 51.7 223 46.7 116 61.2 174 73.6 106

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 71.6 68.1 54.2 62.8 2,587 48.7 1,319 67.7 2,147 79.1 1,455
Scheduled tribe 60.9 57.1 43.7 56.4 61 (51.6) 31 50.0 48 (90.4) 24

119
Other backward class 68.0 62.3 55.2 58.8 2,447 42.9 1,199 64.2 2,038 81.3 1,308
Other 65.2 59.8 52.5 57.5 2,827 39.1 1,449 62.6 2,335 82.7 1,461
Don't know 48.2 45.0 40.4 31.1 47 (25.9) 26 (42.4) 36 * 15

Total 68.0 63.2 53.7 59.4 7,969 43.4 4,024 64.6 6,605 81.0 4,264
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes children belonging to other
religions, who are not shown separately.
ICDS = Integrated Child Development Services
na = Not applicable
1 Supplementary food includes both food cooked and served at the AWC on a daily basis or given in the form of take home rations
Table 66 Utilization of ICDS services during pregnancy and while breastfeeding

Among children under age 6 years, percentage whose mothers received specific benefits from an anganwadi centre (AWC) during pregnancy
and while breastfeeding, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Mother received from an AWC during pregnancy Mother received from an AWC while breastfeeding2
Health Health
Supple- and Supple- and Number of
Background Any mentary Health nutrition Number of Any mentary Health nutrition children
characteristic benefits food1 check-ups education children services food1 check-ups education breastfed

Residence
Urban 57.3 47.7 54.6 51.4 2,310 54.2 46.7 50.6 48.4 2,309
Rural 78.2 71.8 74.8 70.5 5,659 74.2 69.8 70.1 66.0 5,656

Mother's schooling
No schooling 67.2 58.0 63.0 57.6 1,122 60.3 54.2 56.7 52.4 1,122
<5 years complete 73.0 68.0 69.5 67.6 276 70.6 66.4 64.6 60.0 276
5-7 years complete 73.7 67.3 71.0 66.6 1,030 71.8 66.2 67.9 63.6 1,030
8-9 years complete 74.6 65.9 71.1 66.9 1,205 70.6 64.5 65.8 61.4 1,203
10-11 years complete 78.2 71.5 75.0 71.7 971 75.0 69.4 71.9 68.0 971
12 or more years
complete 70.7 63.8 67.7 64.1 3,365 67.2 62.6 63.3 60.8 3,363

Religion
Hindu 73.9 66.5 70.7 66.7 6,928 69.8 64.7 65.8 62.3 6,925
Muslim 58.5 51.7 54.8 51.5 805 57.0 50.8 53.4 50.0 805
Sikh 68.6 63.1 64.1 59.9 223 66.8 61.5 62.2 56.6 223

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 81.9 76.2 77.8 72.2 2,587 76.4 72.7 71.2 65.9 2,586
Scheduled tribe 67.2 57.1 58.8 55.9 61 64.2 53.1 57.6 49.5 61
Other backward class 70.4 61.9 68.0 64.1 2,447 66.8 60.9 63.2 59.7 2,447
Other 65.1 57.4 62.0 59.6 2,827 62.9 56.8 59.7 57.9 2,825
Don't know 57.5 50.8 56.0 52.2 47 50.2 49.0 47.2 43.7 47

Total 72.2 64.8 68.9 65.0 7,969 68.4 63.1 64.4 60.9 7,966
Note: Total includes children belonging to other religions, who are not shown separately.
ICDS = Integrated Child Development Services
1 Supplementary food includes both food cooked and served at the AWC on a daily basis or given in the form of take home rations
2 Excludes children who were not breastfed. Services are usually provided to breastfeeding mothers during the first 6 months of breastfeeding

120
 Table 67 Nutritional status of children

Percentage of children under age 5 years classified as malnourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Height-for-age1 Weight-for-height Weight-for-age

Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean
below below Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of
Background characteristic -3 SD -2 SD2 (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children

Age in months
<6 9.3 17.6 -0.4 625 11.9 24.9 7.1 -0.9 610 7.5 19.8 1.3 -1.0 663
6-8 7.7 17.1 -0.4 275 5.5 14.9 4.8 -0.6 274 6.7 17.8 2.2 -0.9 283
9-11 6.8 21.6 -0.8 265 4.2 12.7 4.6 -0.6 266 5.3 16.8 1.0 -0.9 273
12-17 10.2 28.4 -1.1 667 5.8 13.4 4.7 -0.5 674 4.9 17.7 1.0 -0.9 684
18-23 16.1 34.7 -1.5 518 3.8 11.6 2.5 -0.5 518 6.9 24.8 1.1 -1.2 527
24-35 13.0 32.5 -1.4 1,211 3.0 8.1 1.5 -0.5 1,199 6.5 22.1 0.8 -1.2 1,218
36-47 9.9 30.7 -1.4 1,207 3.7 9.6 3.0 -0.6 1,193 5.4 24.5 1.1 -1.2 1,211
48-59 8.7 24.4 -1.2 1,194 1.7 7.8 2.4 -0.6 1,179 4.9 21.3 0.9 -1.2 1,198

Sex

121
Male 11.7 28.0 -1.2 3,155 4.6 12.1 3.5 -0.6 3,128 6.3 21.3 1.0 -1.1 3,217
Female 9.2 26.9 -1.1 2,807 4.0 10.9 3.1 -0.6 2,783 5.4 21.6 1.1 -1.1 2,839

Birth interval in months3

First birth4 9.8 23.6 -1.0 2,392 5.2 11.5 3.8 -0.5 2,371 5.4 18.6 1.3 -1.0 2,431
<24 13.4 33.9 -1.4 1,047 3.2 12.9 2.5 -0.6 1,031 7.5 26.3 0.5 -1.3 1,056
24-35 12.5 32.8 -1.4 969 3.6 10.6 1.9 -0.7 963 7.3 25.4 0.5 -1.3 982
36 or more 8.6 25.8 -1.1 1,536 4.2 11.2 4.0 -0.6 1,531 4.7 20.3 1.5 -1.1 1,569

Birth order3
1 9.8 23.6 -1.0 2,372 5.3 11.5 3.9 -0.5 2,351 5.4 18.6 1.3 -1.0 2,412
2-3 9.6 28.0 -1.2 2,939 3.6 11.4 3.0 -0.6 2,919 5.2 21.8 1.0 -1.1 2,988
4-5 16.5 38.7 -1.5 509 4.9 12.5 2.5 -0.8 504 10.5 30.5 0.8 -1.5 514
6 or more 22.3 43.4 -1.7 124 3.0 9.8 4.4 -0.6 122 13.5 33.7 0.0 -1.6 126

Residence
Urban 9.7 26.1 -1.1 1,713 4.3 10.8 3.3 -0.5 1,692 5.5 20.5 1.5 -1.0 1,734
Rural 10.9 28.0 -1.2 4,248 4.4 11.8 3.3 -0.6 4,219 6.0 21.8 0.9 -1.1 4,322

Continued…
 Table 67 Nutritional status of children—Continued

Percentage of children under age 5 years classified as malnourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Height-for-age1 Weight-for-height Weight-for-age

Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean
below below Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of
Background characteristic -3 SD -2 SD2 (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children

Size at birth3
Very small 20.0 39.2 -1.6 91 4.0 12.8 2.3 -0.8 90 13.2 37.4 0.9 -1.6 93
Small 13.2 34.6 -1.4 430 3.6 13.7 2.2 -0.7 424 8.4 28.7 0.2 -1.4 432
Average or larger 10.2 26.8 -1.1 5,389 4.4 11.3 3.4 -0.6 5,351 5.5 20.6 1.1 -1.1 5,480
Don't know (16.5) (22.4) (-1.0) 34 (5.3) (17.2) (0.0) (-0.7) 31 (14.5) (35.4) (0.0) (-1.6) 35

Mother's schooling5
No schooling 20.8 39.3 -1.6 840 5.2 13.3 2.5 -0.8 821 10.9 35.3 0.5 -1.5 851
<5 years complete 18.4 46.6 -1.8 214 4.4 12.8 0.3 -0.7 216 11.5 33.1 0.0 -1.6 218
5-7 years complete 12.4 33.6 -1.5 799 3.5 14.0 2.4 -0.8 791 6.4 27.8 0.2 -1.4 809
8-9 years complete 12.1 32.1 -1.3 962 5.2 12.9 3.7 -0.7 961 7.5 26.3 1.4 -1.3 980

122
10-11 years complete 8.2 26.8 -1.2 758 4.6 11.3 2.5 -0.6 750 4.9 19.8 1.2 -1.1 771
12 or more years complete 5.8 18.0 -0.8 2,388 4.0 9.5 4.3 -0.4 2,373 3.1 12.0 1.4 -0.7 2,427

Religion
Hindu 9.3 26.1 -1.1 5,128 4.1 11.2 3.3 -0.6 5,096 5.0 19.7 1.0 -1.1 5,207
Muslim 22.1 41.6 -1.6 615 6.1 13.5 2.9 -0.7 597 12.5 36.5 0.9 -1.5 628
Sikh 7.1 16.6 -0.9 155 5.1 14.5 3.8 -0.6 155 6.9 18.9 2.2 -0.9 157
Other 9.3 26.1 -1.1 63 8.9 15.2 3.5 -0.9 63 5.8 25.8 2.7 -1.3 64

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 11.4 33.9 -1.4 1,920 4.9 14.1 2.7 -0.8 1,904 7.2 27.1 0.6 -1.4 1,945
Scheduled tribe (17.1) (39.5) (-1.5) 41 (9.1) (11.2) (3.5) (-0.8) 41 (9.6) (38.7) (0.0) (-1.5) 41
Other backward class 13.2 29.3 -1.2 1,815 4.3 11.6 3.0 -0.6 1,794 6.8 23.9 1.1 -1.2 1,853
Other 7.3 19.9 -0.9 2,102 3.7 9.0 4.2 -0.4 2,088 3.8 13.9 1.3 -0.8 2,131
Don't know (17.6) (31.8) (-1.3) 27 (4.8) (9.3) (2.4) (-0.5) 30 (0.0) (7.2) (3.7) (-1.0) 29
No caste/tribe or missing 9.1 24.4 -1.0 56 8.5 15.7 2.6 -0.9 56 6.5 24.1 3.0 -1.2 56

Continued…
 Table 67 Nutritional status of children—Continued

Percentage of children under age 5 years classified as malnourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Height-for-age1 Weight-for-height Weight-for-age

Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Percentage Mean
below below Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of below below above Z-score Number of
Background characteristic -3 SD -2 SD2 (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children -3 SD -2 SD2 +2 SD (SD) children

Mother's nutritional status7

Underweight (BMI<18.5) 14.5 32.6 -1.5 770 5.8 15.5 2.7 -0.9 761 8.4 29.7 0.9 -1.5 775
Normal (BMI 18.5-24.9) 11.8 30.1 -1.2 3,413 5.2 12.7 3.0 -0.6 3,385 6.8 23.2 0.7 -1.2 3,470
Overweight (BMI≥25.0) 6.6 20.2 -1.0 1,725 2.0 7.4 4.3 -0.3 1,712 2.9 14.5 1.8 -0.8 1,752
Missing 4.4 24.7 -1.0 53 6.5 11.6 1.4 -0.7 54 3.7 18.2 4.5 -0.9 59

Child's living arrangements

Living with both parents 10.5 27.9 -1.2 5,409 4.4 11.6 3.1 -0.6 5,364 5.9 21.7 1.1 -1.1 5,492
Living with one or neither
parent 11.7 22.8 -1.0 547 3.5 11.2 5.4 -0.5 543 5.5 19.4 0.8 -1.0 560

123
Total 10.6 27.5 -1.2 5,961 4.4 11.5 3.3 -0.6 5,912 5.9 21.5 1.1 -1.1 6,056

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 14.8 34.0 -1.3 6,965 9.0 21.2 3.1 -0.9 6,965 8.1 29.4 0.6 -1.4 6,965
Note: Table is based on children who stayed in the household the night before the interview. Each of the indices is expressed in standard deviation (SD) units from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards. Table is based
on children with valid dates of birth (month and year) and valid measurement of both height and weight. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
BMI = Body mass index
1
Recumbent length is measured for children under age 2; standing height is measured for all other children
2
Includes children who are below -3 standard deviations (SD) from the WHO Child Growth Standards population median
3
Excludes children whose mothers were not interviewed
4 First-born twins (triplets, etc.) are counted as first births because they do not have a previous birth interval
5 For women who are not interviewed, information is taken from the Household Questionnaire. Excludes children whose mothers are not listed in the household schedule.
6 Excludes children whose mothers were not weighed and measured, children whose mothers were not interviewed, and children whose mothers are pregnant or gave birth within the preceding 2 months. Mother's nutritional

status in terms of BMI (Body Mass Index) is presented in Table 78.

Table 68 Initial breastfeeding

Among last-born children who were born in the 2 years preceding the survey, percentage who were ever breastfed, and percentages who
started breastfeeding within 1 hour and 1 day of birth, and among last-born children born in the 2 years preceding the survey who were
ever breastfed, percentage who received a prelacteal feed in the first 3 days after birth, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among last-born children born in the

Among last-born children born in the past 2 years: past 2 years who were ever breastfed:
Percentage Percentage
who started who started Number of Percentage Number of
Background Percentage breastfeeding within breastfeeding within last-born who received a last-born ever
characteristic ever breastfed 1 hour of birth 1 day of birth1 children prelacteal feed2 breastfed children

Residence
Urban 95.6 37.4 80.2 728 22.3 696
Rural 94.0 43.2 81.4 1,860 19.9 1,748

Sex
Male 94.3 43.2 81.0 1,408 20.6 1,328
Female 94.6 39.5 81.2 1,180 20.6 1,116

Mother's schooling
No schooling 95.1 42.8 83.2 369 20.4 351
<5 years complete 91.1 54.3 80.9 85 19.1 77
5-7 years complete 95.2 46.0 83.2 318 21.3 302
8-9 years complete 92.3 39.7 76.4 382 23.7 353
10-11 years complete 97.0 44.2 83.6 318 20.6 309
12 or more years
complete 94.2 38.8 80.7 1,116 19.5 1,052

Religion
Hindu 94.4 40.9 80.6 2,247 20.8 2,121
Muslim 95.3 47.6 89.3 265 15.3 253
Sikh 92.7 37.6 66.8 74 34.1 69

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 93.7 43.4 84.0 835 17.5 783
Other backward class 96.0 42.4 81.7 811 20.6 778
Other3 93.7 39.0 77.6 906 23.7 849

Assistance at delivery
Health personnel4 94.3 41.7 81.0 2,469 20.5 2,329
Dai (TBA) 96.2 49.4 90.1 55 22.7 53
Other/no one 97.6 27.3 76.4 63 22.5 62

Place of delivery
Health facility 94.4 41.6 80.9 2,498 20.5 2,358
At home 95.8 41.5 88.7 83 19.9 79

Total 94.4 41.5 81.1 2,588 20.6 2,444

Note: Table is based on last-born children born in the 2 years preceding the survey regardless of whether the children are living or dead at the time of the
interview. Total includes children belonging to other religions, children belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, and children
delivered in an other place of delivery, who are not shown separately.
TBA = Traditional birth attendant
1 Includes children who started breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth
2 Children given something other than breast milk during the first 3 days of life
3 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
4 Doctor, nurse, midwife, auxiliary nurse midwife, lady health visitor, or other health personnel

124
 Table 69 Breastfeeding status by age

Percent distribution of youngest children under age 2 years living with the mother by breastfeeding status and percentage currently breastfeeding, and percentage of
all children under age 2 years using a bottle with a nipple, according to age in months, Haryana, 2019-21

Number of
youngest
Breastfeeding and consuming:
Percentage children under Percentage Number of all
Age in Not Exclusively Plain Non-milk Complementary currently age 2 years living using a bottle children under
months breastfeeding breastfed water only liquids1 Other milk foods Total breastfeeding with the mother with a nipple age 2 years

<2 7.0 77.2 5.0 0.4 4.0 6.4 100.0 93.0 199 8.4 201
2-3 3.4 71.4 6.8 0.5 10.2 7.8 100.0 96.6 284 14.6 291
4-5 5.3 61.3 12.6 1.6 6.2 13.0 100.0 94.7 246 14.2 248
6-8 13.3 24.6 9.5 2.4 8.0 42.2 100.0 86.7 300 24.9 302
9-11 7.8 10.0 10.3 3.1 5.0 63.7 100.0 92.2 293 24.7 295
12-17 19.2 5.2 4.7 2.8 3.8 64.3 100.0 80.8 685 33.9 722
18-23 33.4 3.1 1.9 0.5 3.0 58.0 100.0 66.6 501 37.6 576

0-3 4.9 73.8 6.0 0.4 7.7 7.2 100.0 95.1 483 12.0 492

125
0-5 5.0 69.6 8.2 0.9 7.2 9.2 100.0 95.0 729 12.7 740
6-9 12.1 22.3 10.2 3.1 7.3 44.9 100.0 87.9 397 25.4 399
12-15 18.8 5.9 5.3 3.7 3.7 62.7 100.0 81.2 430 35.1 444
12-23 25.2 4.3 3.5 1.8 3.4 61.7 100.0 74.8 1,187 35.5 1,298

20-23 39.3 2.8 2.0 0.4 3.4 52.2 100.0 60.7 312 39.5 366
Note: Breastfeeding status refers to a "24-hour" period (yesterday during the day or at night). Children who are classified as breastfeeding and consuming plain water only consumed no
liquid or solid supplements. The categories of not breastfeeding, exclusively breastfed, breastfeeding and consuming plain water, non-milk liquids, other milk, and complementary foods
(solids and semi-solids) are hierarchical and mutually exclusive, and their percentages add to 100 percent. Thus, children who receive breast milk and non-milk liquids and who do not
receive other milk and who do not receive complementary foods are classified in the non-milk liquid category even though they may also get plain water. Any children who get
complementary food are classified in that category as long as they are breastfeeding as well.
1 Non-milk liquids include juice, juice drinks, clear broth, and other liquids.
Table 70 Median duration of breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices

Median duration of any breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and predominant breastfeeding

among last-born children born in the 3 years preceding the survey, by background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Median duration (months) of breastfeeding among last-born

children born in the past 3 years1
Any Exclusive Predominant Number of
Background characteristic breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding2 children

Sex
Male 28.9 5.5 6.9 1,957
Female 27.5 5.0 6.9 1,623

Residence
Urban 30.0 5.4 6.6 1,055
Rural 27.6 5.3 7.0 2,525

Mother's schooling
No schooling 24.9 4.4 7.6 503
<5 years complete a a a 116
5-7 years complete 29.5 4.5 5.8 441
8-9 years complete 26.0 4.6 5.7 528
10-11 years complete 28.7 5.5 7.2 448
12 or more years complete 29.0 6.1 7.3 1,544

Religion
Hindu 29.8 5.5 6.9 3,122
Muslim 21.7 3.7 7.0 351

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 33.1 5.4 6.9 1,131
Other backward class 27.1 5.1 7.2 1,116
Other3 22.9 5.3 6.5 1,286

Total 28.5 5.3 6.9 3,580

Note: Median and mean durations are based on breastfeeding status of the child at the time of the survey
(current status). Includes living and deceased children. Total includes children belonging to Sikh or other
religions and children belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, who are not shown
separately.
a = Omitted because the smoothed percentage is below 50 percent in the first age cell (<2 months) and
therefore the median cannot be calculated
1 For last-born children under age 24 months who live with the mother and are breastfeeding, information to

determine exclusive and predominant breastfeeding comes from a 24-hour dietary recall. Tabulations assume
that last-born children age 24 months or older who live with the mother and are breastfeeding are neither
exclusively nor predominantly breastfed. It is assumed that last-born children not currently living with the
mother and all non-last-born children are not currently breastfeeding.
2 Either exclusively breastfed or received breast milk and plain water, and/or non-milk liquids only
3 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

126
 Table 71 Minimum acceptable diet

Percentage of youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother who are fed a minimum acceptable diet based on breastfeeding status, number of food groups, and times they are fed during
the day or night preceding the survey, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among breastfed children 6-23 months,

percentage fed: Among non-breastfed children 6-23 months, percentage fed: Among all children 6-23 months, percentage fed:
Minimum Number of Breast milk,
Minimum Minimum Minimum Number of milk Minimum Minimum Minimum non- milk, or Minimum Minimum Minimum Number
Background dietary meal acceptable breastfed feeding dietary meal acceptable breastfed milk dietary meal acceptable of all
characteristic diversity1 frequency2 diet3 children frequency4 diversity1 frequency5 diet6 children products7 diversity1 frequency8 diet9 children

Age in months
6-11 26.8 34.1 8.5 530 67.1 3.7 50.3 0.0 63 96.5 12.5 35.8 7.6 593
6-8 17.7 38.2 8.7 260 (63.8) (0.0) (45.3) (0.0) 40 95.2 8.7 39.2 7.5 300
9-11 35.6 30.2 8.3 270 * * * * 23 97.9 16.4 32.5 7.6 293
12-17 49.9 37.0 14.5 554 78.3 12.0 67.9 9.8 132 95.8 22.7 42.9 13.6 685
18-23 56.5 37.3 12.9 334 80.9 17.3 78.2 15.3 167 93.6 25.0 50.9 13.7 501

Sex
Male 43.6 35.9 11.2 771 77.1 14.7 72.5 11.4 191 95.5 20.6 43.1 11.3 961

127
Female 41.8 36.1 12.6 647 78.2 11.2 66.5 9.8 171 95.4 19.1 42.5 12.0 818

Residence
Urban 41.3 39.3 9.3 406 77.1 12.1 69.0 10.6 100 95.5 17.0 45.2 9.5 506
Rural 43.4 34.6 12.9 1,012 77.8 13.4 69.9 10.7 262 95.4 21.1 41.9 12.5 1,274

Mother's schooling
No schooling 42.5 32.7 13.4 219 72.6 18.1 65.7 13.7 49 95.0 22.1 38.7 13.4 268
<5 years complete (42.8) (34.3) (12.5) 51 * * * * 13 95.0 14.5 41.1 10.0 63
5-7 years complete 42.0 39.2 12.3 182 (73.2) (9.2) (70.8) (6.1) 47 94.5 21.7 45.7 11.0 229
8-9 years complete 45.4 42.5 8.6 198 81.8 17.7 77.3 13.3 58 95.9 18.9 50.4 9.6 257
10-11 years complete 41.4 33.8 10.5 175 (79.8) (11.5) (74.1) (11.5) 36 96.6 16.0 40.7 10.6 211
12 or more years
complete 42.7 34.8 12.7 593 78.6 11.5 66.8 10.8 159 95.5 20.5 41.6 12.3 751

Religion
Hindu 42.8 36.2 11.5 1,238 79.3 11.3 70.4 9.6 306 95.9 19.2 43.0 11.1 1,544
Muslim 42.2 30.0 13.3 139 64.4 23.7 63.7 16.4 45 91.2 24.6 38.3 14.0 185
Sikh (45.0) (52.0) (18.3) 40 * * * * 10 (97.2) (24.6) (56.3) (18.0) 50

Continued…
 Table 71 Minimum acceptable diet—Continued

Percentage of youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother who are fed a minimum acceptable diet based on breastfeeding status, number of food groups, and times they are fed during
the day or night preceding the survey, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among breastfed children 6-23 months, Among non-breastfed children 6-23 months, Among all children 6-23 months,
percentage fed: percentage fed: percentage fed:
Minimum Number of Breast milk,
Minimum Minimum Minimum Number of milk Minimum Minimum Minimum non- milk, or Minimum Minimum Minimum Number
Background dietary meal acceptable breastfed feeding dietary meal acceptable breastfed milk dietary meal acceptable of all
characteristic diversity1 frequency2 diet3 children frequency4 diversity1 frequency5 diet6 children products7 diversity1 frequency8 diet9 children

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 44.0 36.9 11.9 460 78.5 12.7 68.6 11.0 116 95.7 20.5 43.3 11.7 576
Other backward class 39.5 36.2 12.6 453 77.1 12.2 71.6 8.9 101 95.8 18.7 42.6 11.9 554
Other10 45.2 35.3 11.4 491 76.8 13.9 68.4 11.5 140 94.9 20.5 42.7 11.4 631

Total 42.8 36.0 11.9 1,418 77.6 13.0 69.6 10.7 362 95.4 19.9 42.8 11.6 1,780
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes children belonging to other religions
and children belonging to scheduled tribe or whose caste/tribe is not known, who are not shown separately.
1 Minimum dietary diversity is receiving foods from 5 or more of the following 8 food groups: a. breast milk b. infant formula, milk other than breast milk, cheese or yogurt or other milk products; c. foods made from grains or

128
roots, including porridge or gruel, fortified baby food made from grains; d. vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables; e. other fruits and vegetables; f. eggs; g. meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, or organ meats; h. beans, peas, lentils, or nuts
2
For breastfed children, minimum meal frequency is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for children 9-23 months
3 Breastfed children age 6-23 months are considered to be fed a minimum acceptable diet if they are fed the minimum dietary diversity as described in footnote 1 and the minimum meal frequency as described in footnote 2
4
Includes two or more feedings of commercial infant formula; fresh, tinned and powdered animal milk; and yogurt
5 For non-breastfed children age 6-23 months, minimum meal frequency is receiving solid or semi-solid food or milk feeds at least four times a day. At least one of the feeds must be a solid or semi-solid food.
6
Non-breastfed children age 6-23 months are considered to be fed a minimum acceptable diet if they receive other milk or milk products at least twice a day, receive the minimum meal frequency as described in footnote 5, and
receive solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group
7 Breastfeeding, or not breastfeeding and receiving two or more feedings of commercial infant formula, fresh, tinned, and powdered animal milk, and yogurt
8 Children are fed the minimum recommended number of times per day according to their age and breastfeeding status as described in footnotes 2 and 5
9 Children age 6-23 months are considered to be fed a minimum acceptable diet if they receive breast milk, other milk or milk products as described in footnote 7, are fed the minimum dietary diversity as described in footnote

1, and are fed the minimum meal frequency as described in footnotes 2 and 5
10 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
Table 72 Child feeding practices and nutritional status of children by district

Among last-born children who were born in the 2 years preceding the survey, percentage who started breastfeeding within 1 hour of
birth, percentage of youngest children under age 6 months living with the mother who are exclusively breastfed, and percentage of
children under age 5 years classified as malnourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age,
weight-for-height, and weight-for-age, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Among last born Percentage

children in the
of children
past 2 years under age Height-for-age2 Weight-for-height Weight-for-age
Percentage Number 6 months Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number
breastfed within of exclusively of below of below of below of
District 1 hour of birth children breastfed1 children -2 SD3 children -2 SD3 children -2 SD3 children

Ambala 30.1 104 (79.6) 34 24.1 233 10.8 234 13.7 238
Bhiwani 47.5 135 (73.1) 36 29.0 279 6.0 279 20.6 287
Charkhi Dadri 53.4 51 (66.5) 15 23.9 112 10.6 111 16.9 112
Faridabad 38.0 169 (65.3) 51 28.9 409 8.0 406 19.5 413
Fatehabad 29.1 95 (71.0) 26 24.6 248 16.0 246 26.6 249
Gurgaon 39.1 130 * 34 22.0 263 15.7 259 22.2 263
Hisar 50.1 186 (66.1) 61 27.8 425 16.4 422 21.4 435
Jhajjar 32.2 105 * 26 15.6 232 8.0 231 9.7 233
Jind 24.3 128 (78.2) 33 25.5 301 8.8 300 22.9 303
Kaithal 48.7 101 * 17 29.9 227 20.7 224 29.9 234
Karnal 43.7 170 (79.7) 44 29.2 421 9.8 409 20.5 432
Kurukshetra 45.6 97 (76.9) 29 24.9 221 12.8 221 22.5 228
Mahendragarh 50.5 75 (69.6) 24 25.2 174 8.4 173 15.4 177
Mewat 55.0 179 66.4 55 44.4 426 14.2 417 37.3 432
Palwal 36.7 137 (60.3) 37 31.0 343 9.9 340 21.0 351
Panchkula 73.6 46 * 12 21.8 88 12.0 85 19.3 91
Panipat 29.8 133 (63.3) 36 25.1 304 9.9 303 18.9 305
Rewari 46.0 87 (80.6) 25 25.9 184 9.3 183 20.5 187
Rohtak 53.1 103 (93.8) 28 28.9 233 12.5 232 22.1 236
Sirsa 41.5 119 * 36 25.0 239 12.6 241 23.4 242
Sonipat 33.3 125 (75.6) 40 23.6 348 9.2 348 12.7 349
Yamunanagar 33.6 112 (62.7) 31 27.7 250 12.1 246 23.1 257

Haryana 41.5 2,588 69.6 729 27.5 5,961 11.5 5,912 21.5 6,056
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and
has been suppressed.
1 Based on the youngest child living with the mother
2 Recumbent length is measured for children under age 2, or in the few cases when the age of the child is unknown and the child is less than 85 cm;

standing height is measured for all other children

3
Based on the WHO Growth Standards population median

129
Table 73 Prevalence of anaemia in children

Percentage of children age 6-59 months classified as having anaemia, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21
and total for NFHS-4

Anaemia status by haemoglobin level

Any
Mild Moderate Severe anaemia Number of
Background characteristic (10.0-10.9 g/dl) (7.0-9.9 g/dl) (<7.0 g/dl) (<11.0 g/dl) children

Age in months
6-8 29.8 44.3 3.8 77.9 225
9-11 23.2 53.9 3.6 80.7 237
12-17 22.8 56.6 7.0 86.4 599
18-23 21.8 51.6 8.0 81.4 454
24-35 28.2 44.1 3.4 75.8 1,053
36-47 27.9 32.6 3.5 64.0 1,066
48-59 27.9 25.0 0.9 53.7 1,045

Sex
Male 26.0 40.5 4.0 70.6 2,468
Female 27.2 39.5 3.6 70.3 2,211

Birth order1
1 28.2 38.8 3.5 70.5 1,895
2-3 26.0 39.8 3.6 69.4 2,353
4-5 21.4 48.6 7.0 77.0 361
6 or more 30.2 41.9 0.0 72.0 57

Residence
Urban 27.0 37.3 3.8 68.1 1,422
Rural 26.4 41.3 3.8 71.5 3,257

Mother's schooling2
No schooling 26.0 44.0 3.9 74.0 542
<5 years complete 22.8 39.9 7.0 69.7 172
5-7 years complete 26.2 44.0 4.1 74.3 622
8-9 years complete 27.5 39.2 3.8 70.5 767
10-11 years complete 24.8 40.6 4.2 69.6 606
12 or more years complete 27.4 37.9 3.3 68.6 1,971

Religion
Hindu 26.7 39.5 3.8 69.9 4,192
Muslim 27.6 46.8 4.3 78.8 315
Sikh 21.5 40.0 3.4 64.9 125
Other (25.2) (46.2) (4.2) (75.7) 47

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 24.2 42.9 4.9 72.0 1,525
Scheduled tribe (24.0) (47.5) (0.0) (71.5) 29
Other backward class 27.3 39.0 3.9 70.2 1,362
Other 28.1 38.0 2.8 69.0 1,701
No caste/tribe or missing (27.3) (46.0) (4.6) (77.8) 44

Child's living arrangements

Living with both parents 26.3 40.3 3.8 70.4 4,290
Living with one or neither parent 29.4 37.2 4.0 70.6 389

Continued…

130
Table 73 Prevalence of anaemia in children—Continued

Percentage of children age 6-59 months classified as having anaemia, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21
and totals for NFHS-4

Anaemia status by haemoglobin level Any

Mild Moderate Severe anaemia Number of
Background characteristic (10.0-10.9 g/dl) (7.0-9.9 g/dl) (<7.0 g/dl) (<11.0 g/dl) children

Mother's anaemia status3

Not anaemic 28.2 32.4 2.0 62.7 1,603
Mildly anaemic 26.7 41.1 2.9 70.8 1,165
Moderately/severely anaemic 24.9 46.0 5.9 76.8 1,854

Total 26.6 40.0 3.8 70.4 4,679

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 28.2 40.5 3.0 71.7 6,638

Note: Table is based on children who stayed in the household the night before the interview and who were tested for anaemia.
Prevalence of anaemia, based on haemoglobin levels, is adjusted for altitude using the CDC formula (Centers for Disease Control
(CDC). 1998. Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
47 (RR-3): 1-29). Haemoglobin levels shown in grams per decilitre (g/dl). Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
Total includes children whose caste/tribe is not known, who are not shown separately.
1 Excludes children whose mothers were not interviewed
2
For mothers who are not interviewed, information is taken from the Household Questionnaire. Excludes children whose mothers
are not listed in the household schedule.
3 Mildly anaemic is 11.0-11.9 g/dl for non-pregnant women and 10.0-10.9 g/dl for pregnant women. Moderately/severely anaemic is

<11.0 g/dl for non-pregnant women and <10.0 g/dl for pregnant women. Adjusted for altitude and for smoking status. Excludes
children whose mother's anaemia status is not known.

131
 Table 74 Micronutrient intake among children

Percentage of youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother who consumed vitamin A-rich and iron-rich foods in the day or night preceding the survey, percentage of children age 6-23
months who were given multiple micronutrient powder in the last 7 days, who were given iron supplements in the last 7 days, and who were given deworming medication in the last 6 months; percentage
of children age 9-35 months who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months; and percentage of children age 6-59 months who live in households using iodized salt, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among youngest children age 6-23 months Among children Among children age 6-59 months
living with their mother: Among children age 6-23 months: age 9-35 months: in households with salt tested:
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
Percentage who who consumed given multiple Percentage given given vitamin A
consumed foods foods rich in micronutrient given iron deworming supplements Percentage living
rich in vitamin A iron in last Number of powder in supplements medication in Number of in the last Number of in households Number of
Background characteristic in last 24 hours1 24 hours2 children last 7 days3 in last 7 days3 last 6 months3,4 children 6 months5 children using iodized salt6 children

Age in months
6-8 17.8 1.7 300 8.9 31.3 27.2 302 na na 95.8 303
9-11 35.1 4.9 293 7.4 40.7 37.9 295 60.5 295 96.9 289
12-17 50.5 9.1 685 10.5 42.2 49.0 722 65.8 722 96.6 715
18-23 56.2 11.0 501 11.6 48.2 54.6 576 72.7 576 98.0 568
24-35 na na na na na na na 62.0 1,310 96.5 1,292

132
36-47 na na na na na na na na na 96.0 1,290
48-59 na na na na na na na na na 95.9 1,294

Sex
Male 44.2 9.0 961 10.4 41.2 45.0 1,005 65.3 1,532 96.3 3,033
Female 43.8 6.1 818 9.8 43.1 46.1 890 64.5 1,371 96.5 2,718

Birth order
1 44.0 6.8 731 10.2 42.3 44.3 803 66.6 1,178 96.2 2,264
2-3 43.1 6.9 856 10.0 43.2 46.6 893 64.6 1,404 96.8 2,847
4-5 47.3 12.6 163 10.0 36.8 46.8 165 59.2 265 96.4 499
6 or more (53.8) (23.1) 31 (12.0) (33.2) (38.4) 33 63.5 55 90.2 123

Breastfeeding status7
Breastfeeding 41.2 6.8 1,418 9.0 40.2 43.9 1,421 66.8 1,630 96.7 2,159
Not breastfeeding 55.3 11.1 362 13.5 47.6 50.4 474 62.5 1,273 96.2 3,573

Continued…
 Table 74 Micronutrient intake among children—Continued

Percentage of youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother who consumed vitamin A-rich and iron-rich foods in the day or night preceding the survey, percentage of children age 6-23
months who were given multiple micronutrient powder in the last 7 days, who were given iron supplements in the last 7 days, and who were given deworming medication in the last 6 months; percentage
of children age 9-35 months who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months; and percentage of children age 6-59 months who live in households using iodized salt, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among youngest children age 6-23 months Among children Among children age 6-59 months
living with their mother: Among children age 6-23 months: age 9-35 months: in households with salt tested:
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
Percentage who who consumed given multiple Percentage given given vitamin A
consumed foods foods rich in micronutrient given iron deworming supplements Percentage living
rich in vitamin A iron in last Number of powder in supplements medication in Number of in the last Number of in households Number of
Background characteristic in last 24 hours1 24 hours2 children last 7 days3 in last 7 days3 last 6 months3,4 children 6 months5 children using iodized salt6 children

Residence
Urban 42.6 7.5 506 10.9 39.2 39.6 541 62.2 840 95.7 1,673
Rural 44.6 7.8 1,274 9.8 43.2 47.8 1,354 66.0 2,063 96.7 4,077

Mother's schooling
No schooling 45.1 16.1 268 14.2 37.9 36.1 288 64.6 415 94.6 843

133
<5 years complete 46.4 6.0 63 13.0 44.1 46.5 67 57.6 104 98.8 216
5-7 years complete 44.9 6.5 229 5.7 43.3 47.0 242 65.5 363 97.0 799
8-9 years complete 47.7 7.3 257 9.5 42.1 45.7 279 64.4 431 97.6 895
10-11 years complete 41.4 6.5 211 11.3 39.9 46.7 220 67.7 337 96.4 718
12 or more years complete 42.8 5.7 751 9.6 43.6 48.0 800 64.8 1,253 96.1 2,279

Religion
Hindu 43.4 5.4 1,544 10.0 43.3 47.7 1,641 65.9 2,503 96.8 4,938
Muslim 50.2 27.4 185 11.7 33.2 30.0 201 56.2 316 94.1 603
Sikh (43.1) (5.8) 50 (5.6) (38.7) (37.7) 51 68.9 80 91.3 147
Other * * 1 * * * 1 * 4 98.9 63

Continued…
 Table 74 Micronutrient intake among children—Continued

Percentage of youngest children age 6-23 months living with their mother who consumed vitamin A-rich and iron-rich foods in the day or night preceding the survey, percentage of children age 6-23
months who were given multiple micronutrient powder in the last 7 days, who were given iron supplements in the last 7 days, and who were given deworming medication in the last 6 months; percentage
of children age 9-35 months who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months; and percentage of children age 6-59 months who live in households using iodized salt, by background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among youngest children age 6-23 months Among children Among children age 6-59 months
living with their mother: Among children age 6-23 months: age 9-35 months: in households with salt tested:
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
Percentage who who consumed given multiple Percentage given given vitamin A
consumed foods foods rich in micronutrient given iron deworming supplements Percentage living
rich in vitamin A iron in last Number of powder in supplements medication in Number of in last Number of in households Number of
Background characteristic in last 24 hours1 24 hours2 children last 7 days3 in last 7 days3 last 6 months3,4 children 6 months5 children using iodized salt6 children

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 46.5 8.4 576 7.2 46.3 50.6 607 67.7 944 97.0 1,838
Scheduled tribe * * 9 * * * 10 * 18 (93.0) 35
Other backward class 41.7 9.1 554 9.7 36.6 40.4 590 62.1 905 96.6 1,758
Other 43.8 5.6 631 13.1 43.6 45.4 678 64.9 1,020 95.6 2,032
Don't know * * 9 * * * 9 * 16 (100.0) 31

134
No caste/tribe or missing nc nc 0 nc nc nc 0 nc 0 98.8 56

Total 44.1 7.7 1,780 10.1 42.1 45.5 1,894 64.9 2,903 96.4 5,751
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
nc = No cases
1
Includes meat and organ meats, fish, poultry, eggs, pumpkin, carrots, squash, sweet potatoes that are yellow or orange inside, dark green leafy vegetables, ripe mango, papaya, cantaloupe, and jackfruit
2
Includes meat and organ meats, fish, poultry, and eggs
3 Based on mother's recall
4 Deworming for intestinal parasites is commonly done for helminths and schistosomiasis
5 Based on mother's recall and the vaccination card (where available)
6
Excludes children in households in which salt was not tested. Includes children whose mothers were not interviewed except for birth order
7
Excludes children whose breastfeeding status is unknown
Table 75 Presence of iodized salt in household

Percent distribution of households by salt testing, and among households with salt tested, percentage with iodized salt,
according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Among households with

Percentage of households: tested salt:
With salt, With no Percentage
With salt but salt salt in the Number of with Number of
Background characteristic tested not tested1 household Total households iodized salt households

Residence
Urban 99.0 0.5 0.4 100.0 6,421 95.1 6,359
Rural 99.7 0.0 0.2 100.0 11,808 96.6 11,778

Religion of household head

Hindu 99.6 0.2 0.3 100.0 15,923 96.2 15,855
Muslim 99.6 0.0 0.4 100.0 950 95.3 946
Sikh 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 560 94.8 560
Other 97.5 1.7 0.8 100.0 796 95.4 776

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 99.7 0.1 0.2 100.0 5,101 97.5 5,087
Scheduled tribe 99.1 0.0 0.9 100.0 155 95.9 154
Other backward class 99.5 0.1 0.4 100.0 5,058 96.1 5,034
Other 99.5 0.3 0.2 100.0 7,067 95.1 7,033
Don't know 98.5 0.8 0.7 100.0 81 95.4 80
No caste/tribe or missing 97.8 1.5 0.7 100.0 767 95.3 750

Total 99.5 0.2 0.3 100.0 18,229 96.1 18,137

NFHS-4 (2015-16) 99.6 0.0 0.4 100.0 17,332 92.8 17,269

1
Includes households in which salt could not be tested for technical or logistical reasons

135
Table 76 Presence of iodized salt in household by district

Percent distribution of households by salt testing, and among households with salt tested, percentage
with iodized salt, by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Among households with

Percentage of households: tested salt:
With salt, With no Percentage
With salt but salt salt in the Number of with Number of
District tested not tested1 household Total households iodized salt households

Ambala 99.4 0.2 0.4 100.0 735 96.2 731

Bhiwani 99.6 0.3 0.1 100.0 830 94.5 827
Charkhi Dadri 98.6 1.0 0.5 100.0 379 95.4 374
Faridabad 99.6 0.0 0.4 100.0 1,243 95.4 1,238
Fatehabad 99.3 0.2 0.5 100.0 702 94.3 698
Gurgaon 98.5 1.2 0.2 100.0 1,211 97.6 1,193
Hisar 99.8 0.1 0.1 100.0 1,286 95.7 1,283
Jhajjar 99.9 0.1 0.0 100.0 733 96.3 732
Jind 99.6 0.1 0.3 100.0 952 95.9 949
Kaithal 99.5 0.0 0.5 100.0 744 97.0 741
Karnal 99.9 0.0 0.1 100.0 1,109 97.8 1,108
Kurukshetra 99.7 0.2 0.1 100.0 672 97.1 670
Mahendragarh 99.7 0.0 0.3 100.0 667 97.4 665
Mewat 99.6 0.0 0.4 100.0 658 93.4 656
Palwal 99.6 0.0 0.4 100.0 707 95.3 704
Panchkula 97.6 1.9 0.5 100.0 414 97.6 404
Panipat 99.3 0.2 0.5 100.0 907 97.2 900
Rewari 99.9 0.0 0.1 100.0 705 97.7 704
Rohtak 99.8 0.1 0.1 100.0 789 94.9 788
Sirsa 99.8 0.0 0.2 100.0 885 95.7 883
Sonipat 99.2 0.0 0.8 100.0 1,119 96.6 1,110
Yamunanagar 99.8 0.0 0.2 100.0 780 94.4 779

Haryana 99.5 0.2 0.3 100.0 18,229 96.1 18,137

1 Includes households in which salt could not be tested for technical or logistical reasons

136
Table 77 Women's and men's food consumption

Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 by frequency of consumption of specific foods, Haryana, 2019-21

Frequency of consumption Number of

Type of food Daily Weekly Occasionally Never Total respondents
WOMEN

Milk or curd 71.2 16.2 10.2 2.5 100.0 21,909

Pulses or beans 29.4 64.6 5.8 0.2 100.0 21,909
Dark green leafy vegetables 45.9 47.1 6.8 0.2 100.0 21,909
Fruits 20.5 40.2 38.3 1.0 100.0 21,909
Eggs 1.1 9.5 17.9 71.5 100.0 21,909
Fish 0.2 3.2 9.6 87.0 100.0 21,909
Chicken or meat 0.2 5.5 14.3 79.9 100.0 21,909
Fish or chicken/meat 0.3 6.0 14.2 79.5 100.0 21,909
Fried foods 3.7 29.8 62.2 4.3 100.0 21,909
Aerated drinks 3.8 13.8 74.3 8.1 100.0 21,909

MEN

Milk or curd 77.4 18.8 3.0 0.8 100.0 3,029

Pulses or beans 38.5 57.4 3.9 0.2 100.0 3,029
Dark green leafy vegetables 37.6 54.1 8.1 0.2 100.0 3,029
Fruits 17.7 51.9 29.9 0.5 100.0 3,029
Eggs 4.4 21.9 29.9 43.8 100.0 3,029
Fish 1.1 7.6 19.4 71.9 100.0 3,029
Chicken or meat 1.3 12.1 28.9 57.6 100.0 3,029
Fish or chicken/meat 1.8 13.2 28.7 56.3 100.0 3,029
Fried foods 2.8 31.7 53.3 12.2 100.0 3,029
Aerated drinks 5.0 22.8 63.3 9.0 100.0 3,029

137
 Table 78 Nutritional status of adults

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 with specific body mass index (BMI) levels, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Body Mass Index: Women1 Body Mass Index: Men

<17.0 ≥25.0 <17.0 ≥25.0
Background <18.5 17.0-18.4 (moderately/ (overweight 25.0-29.9 ≥30.0 Number of <18.5 17.0-18.4 (moderately/ (overweight 25.0-29.9 ≥30.0 Number of
characteristic (total thin) (mildly thin) severely thin) or obese) (overweight) (obese) women (total thin) (mildly thin) severely thin) or obese) (overweight) (obese) men

Age
15-19 40.8 21.9 18.9 6.8 5.4 1.3 3,135 38.3 20.4 17.9 7.6 5.7 1.9 535
20-29 17.9 10.7 7.1 22.6 17.0 5.6 6,170 12.6 9.4 3.2 23.8 20.2 3.7 898
30-39 6.3 3.9 2.4 42.9 30.9 12.1 5,785 4.7 3.3 1.4 39.5 32.2 7.3 720
40-49 5.0 3.0 1.9 52.4 34.0 18.5 4,635 7.8 4.8 3.0 40.5 29.3 11.2 582

Marital status
Never married 34.8 18.8 16.1 9.2 7.4 1.9 4,941 24.9 15.1 9.8 14.9 12.2 2.7 1,159
Currently married 8.5 5.3 3.2 41.0 28.6 12.4 13,950 6.9 4.5 2.4 38.5 30.2 8.3 1,545
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 8.0 5.0 3.1 42.0 27.0 15.0 835 (7.7) (3.3) (4.3) (21.9) (17.8) (4.1) 31

138
Residence
Urban 11.4 6.5 4.9 37.5 25.0 12.5 6,578 15.0 8.3 6.7 30.2 23.8 6.4 894
Rural 16.9 9.8 7.1 30.8 22.3 8.6 13,148 14.3 9.3 5.0 27.4 21.8 5.6 1,841

Schooling
No schooling 10.7 6.2 4.4 36.0 25.6 10.3 3,198 10.8 7.5 3.3 23.5 19.5 4.1 155
<5 years complete 10.6 6.4 4.2 35.2 23.2 11.9 587 18.2 10.0 8.2 27.1 18.1 9.0 76
5-9 years complete 16.7 9.5 7.2 33.2 23.0 10.2 6,326 23.0 12.2 10.8 19.2 15.2 4.0 818
10-11 years complete 20.7 11.5 9.2 31.0 21.0 10.0 3,249 15.7 10.2 5.5 27.6 21.0 6.6 579
12 or more years
complete 13.3 7.9 5.4 32.3 23.3 9.0 6,366 8.0 6.1 1.9 36.2 29.2 7.0 1,108

Religion
Hindu 14.9 8.6 6.3 33.8 23.7 10.1 18,015 14.8 9.0 5.8 29.1 23.1 6.1 2,499
Muslim 19.3 11.8 7.5 17.3 12.8 4.5 1,029 12.1 9.5 2.6 16.1 14.6 1.5 159
Sikh 13.4 7.0 6.5 36.8 24.9 11.9 647 9.8 5.9 3.9 27.2 17.2 10.0 73
Other (17.2) (10.8) (6.4) (35.8) (27.5) (8.3) 33 * * * * * * 5

Continued…
 Table 78 Nutritional status of adults—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 with specific body mass index (BMI) levels, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Body Mass Index: Women1 Body Mass Index: Men

<17.0 ≥25.0 <17.0 ≥25.0
Background <18.5 17.0-18.4 (moderately/ (overweight 25.0-29.9 ≥30.0 Number of <18.5 17.0-18.4 (moderately/ (overweight 25.0-29.9 ≥30.0 Number of
characteristic (total thin) (mildly thin) severely thin) or obese) (overweight) (obese) women (total thin) (mildly thin) severely thin) or obese) (overweight) (obese) men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 20.0 10.8 9.2 26.5 19.9 6.6 5,953 21.0 13.4 7.5 22.7 18.7 4.0 763
Scheduled tribe 20.5 10.5 10.0 32.2 21.5 10.7 156 (22.5) (17.5) (5.0) (33.0) (29.4) (3.6) 32
Other backward class 16.0 9.5 6.5 30.8 21.7 9.1 5,665 14.5 8.8 5.7 25.0 20.5 4.5 892
Other 10.7 6.6 4.1 39.6 26.8 12.8 7,879 9.4 5.6 3.8 35.4 26.8 8.6 1,041
Don't know 3.9 2.0 1.9 36.0 24.5 11.5 72 * * * * * * 7

Total age 15-49 15.1 8.7 6.4 33.1 23.2 9.9 19,725 14.5 9.0 5.6 28.3 22.4 5.9 2,735

Age 50-54 na na na na na na na 10.4 6.6 3.9 42.0 35.8 6.1 182

Total age 15-54 na na na na na na na 14.3 8.8 5.5 29.2 23.3 5.9 2,917

139
Age 15-49
NFHS-4 (2015-16) 15.8 9.5 6.3 21.0 16.1 4.9 19,957 11.3 7.3 3.9 20.0 17.3 2.7 3,302
2
Note: The body mass index (BMI) is expressed as the ratio of weight in kilograms to the square of height in metres (kg/m ). Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on
fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
1 Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months
 Table 79 Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio

Among women and men age 15-49, percentage with specific waist circumferences and waist-to-hip ratios, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Waist circumference Waist-to-hip ratio Waist circumference Waist-to-hip ratio
Substantially Substantially Substantially Substantially
Increased risk increased risk increased risk Increased risk increased risk increased risk
of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic
complications complications complications Number complications complications complications Number
Background characteristic Normal (>80 cm) (>88 cm) Normal (≥0.85) of women Normal (>94 cm) (>102 cm) Normal (≥0.90) of men

Age
15-19 79.8 20.2 6.3 58.1 41.9 3,114 94.6 5.4 1.3 64.9 35.1 535
20-29 52.1 47.9 20.3 44.2 55.8 6,128 89.2 10.8 3.7 50.3 49.7 898
30-39 28.8 71.2 40.5 30.2 69.8 5,726 69.3 30.7 10.2 27.3 72.7 720
40-49 20.6 79.4 51.5 23.6 76.4 4,591 63.6 36.4 17.6 25.1 74.9 579

Marital status
Never married 74.3 25.7 8.1 56.1 43.9 4,904 92.1 7.9 2.2 57.3 42.7 1,160

140
Currently married 31.7 68.3 38.8 31.4 68.6 13,828 70.2 29.8 12.1 29.8 70.2 1,542
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 28.8 71.2 44.0 28.6 71.4 827 (80.4) (19.6) (11.2) (49.8) (50.2) 32

Residence
Urban 37.7 62.3 35.4 35.4 64.6 6,501 79.0 21.0 9.6 40.5 59.5 891
Rural 44.6 55.4 29.2 38.5 61.5 13,058 79.8 20.2 7.0 42.3 57.7 1,842

Schooling
No schooling 32.3 67.7 38.5 25.0 75.0 3,177 82.5 17.5 5.1 36.6 63.4 156
<5 years complete 36.4 63.6 37.1 29.5 70.5 581 76.4 23.6 8.1 35.2 64.8 76
5-9 years complete 43.9 56.1 31.2 37.3 62.7 6,278 85.0 15.0 5.8 46.0 54.0 816
10-11 years complete 49.0 51.0 27.8 43.2 56.8 3,216 77.9 22.1 8.0 42.8 57.2 579
12 or more years complete 42.8 57.2 29.0 41.7 58.3 6,307 76.2 23.8 9.7 39.2 60.8 1,108

Religion
Hindu 41.9 58.1 31.8 38.2 61.8 17,859 79.1 20.9 7.9 42.6 57.4 2,498
Muslim 52.1 47.9 19.3 28.2 71.8 1,025 89.2 10.8 4.0 32.8 67.2 159
Sikh 36.0 64.0 36.8 32.6 67.4 642 74.3 25.7 14.6 31.7 68.3 72
Other (47.5) (52.5) (29.6) (35.9) (64.1) 33 * * * * * 5

Continued…
 Table 79 Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio—Continued

Among women and men age 15-49, percentage with specific waist circumferences and waist-to-hip ratios, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Waist circumference Waist-to-hip ratio Waist circumference Waist-to-hip ratio
Substantially Substantially Substantially Substantially
Increased risk increased risk increased risk Increased risk increased risk increased risk
of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic of metabolic
complications complications complications Number complications complications complications Number
Background characteristic Normal (>80 cm) (>88 cm) Normal (≥0.85) of women Normal (>94 cm) (>102 cm) Normal (≥0.90) of men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 48.1 51.9 26.0 37.4 62.6 5,899 83.0 17.0 5.3 45.7 54.3 764
Scheduled tribe 49.5 50.5 24.8 39.0 61.0 155 (78.8) (21.2) (8.0) (34.9) (65.1) 32
Other backward class 44.6 55.4 29.8 37.1 62.9 5,625 81.8 18.2 6.5 42.3 57.7 892
Other 36.2 63.8 36.4 37.8 62.2 7,807 75.2 24.8 10.9 38.6 61.4 1,038
Don't know 27.7 72.3 39.4 30.8 69.2 72 * * * * * 7

Total 42.3 57.7 31.3 37.5 62.5 19,559 79.6 20.4 7.8 41.7 58.3 2,734

141
Note: Table excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than
25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
 Table 80 Prevalence of anaemia in adults

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 with anaemia by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Women Men
Mild Moderate Severe Any anaemia Number of Mild Moderate Severe Any anaemia Number
Background characteristic (11.0-11.9 g/dl)1 (8.0-10.9 g/dl)2 (<8.0 g/dl)3 (<12.0 g/dl)4 women (12.0-12.9 g/dl) (9.0-11.9 g/dl) (<9.0 g/dl) (<13.0 g/dl) of men

Age
15-19 26.8 31.3 4.1 62.3 3,175 17.0 12.5 0.4 29.9 527
20-29 25.3 31.8 3.4 60.5 6,829 8.9 5.2 0.3 14.4 891
30-39 25.2 31.5 3.8 60.5 5,854 10.2 5.9 0.4 16.5 709
40-49 23.3 31.0 4.4 58.8 4,522 10.9 6.2 2.0 19.2 560

Marital status
Never married 25.8 29.7 3.8 59.2 4,895 13.0 8.9 0.4 22.3 1,150
Currently married 24.9 32.1 3.8 60.8 14,660 9.9 5.8 1.0 16.7 1,508
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 24.6 30.4 4.6 59.7 825 (8.5) (0.0) (0.0) (8.5) 30

Maternity status

142
Pregnant 25.2 29.1 2.2 56.4 788 na na na na na
Breastfeeding 27.3 35.8 3.2 66.3 2,572 na na na na na
Neither 24.7 30.9 4.0 59.7 17,020 na na na na na

Residence
Urban 26.0 28.4 3.1 57.4 6,754 12.7 3.1 0.2 16.1 878
Rural 24.6 33.0 4.2 61.9 13,626 10.5 8.9 0.9 20.4 1,810

Schooling
No schooling 24.8 33.1 4.6 62.5 3,253 10.7 6.7 1.0 18.4 150
<5 years complete 24.5 36.2 6.6 67.3 600 4.5 6.1 0.0 10.6 74
5-9 years complete 24.9 32.9 4.3 62.1 6,502 14.3 10.3 1.2 25.7 799
10-11 years complete 26.8 31.2 4.1 62.0 3,336 13.0 7.2 0.8 21.0 574
12 or more years complete 24.6 29.0 2.7 56.3 6,688 8.6 4.7 0.3 13.6 1,090

Continued…
 Table 80 Prevalence of anaemia in adults—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 with anaemia by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21, and total for NFHS-4

Women Men
Mild Moderate Severe Any anaemia Number of Mild Moderate Severe Any anaemia Number
Background characteristic (11.0-11.9 g/dl)1 (8.0-10.9 g/dl)2 (<8.0 g/dl)3 (<12.0 g/dl)4 women (12.0-12.9 g/dl) (9.0-11.9 g/dl) (<9.0 g/dl) (<13.0 g/dl) of men

Religion
Hindu 24.8 31.6 3.9 60.3 18,587 11.1 6.9 0.7 18.7 2,459
Muslim 28.9 31.7 3.8 64.3 1,104 10.8 11.9 0.8 23.5 154
Sikh 26.0 27.1 3.3 56.4 654 15.9 2.9 0.0 18.8 70
Other (28.3) (31.4) (6.5) (66.2) 35 * * * * 5

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 25.3 35.0 5.0 65.2 6,228 10.8 8.5 1.3 20.6 748
Scheduled tribe 26.9 30.3 7.1 64.2 169 (24.4) (3.1) (0.0) (27.5) 29
Other backward class 25.5 30.6 3.4 59.5 5,903 12.5 8.8 0.3 21.7 873
Other 24.6 29.4 3.3 57.2 8,006 10.1 4.5 0.6 15.2 1,029
Don't know 20.7 38.2 1.0 59.9 75 * * * * 8

143
Smoking status
Smokes cigarettes/bidis 21.0 21.5 2.4 44.9 73 10.9 7.4 2.0 20.4 535
Does not smoke
cigarettes/bidis 25.1 31.5 3.9 60.5 20,306 11.3 6.9 0.4 18.6 2,153

Total age 15-49 25.1 31.5 3.9 60.4 20,380 11.2 7.0 0.7 19.0 2,688

Age 50-54 na na na na na 13.6 6.7 1.0 21.4 168

Total age 15-54 na na na na na 11.4 7.0 0.7 19.1 2,855

Age 15-49
NFHS-4 (2015-16) 23.4 35.9 3.4 62.7 21,286 11.0 9.4 0.5 20.9 3,307
Note: Table is based on women and men who stayed in the household the night before the interview. Prevalence is adjusted for altitude and for smoking status, if known, using the CDC formulae (Centers for Disease
Control (CDC). 1998. Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 47 (RR-3): 1-29). Haemoglobin levels are shown in grams per decilitre (g/dl).
Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
1 For pregnant women the value is 10.0-10.9 g/dl
2 For pregnant women, the value is 7.0-9.9 g/dl
3 For pregnant women, the value is <7.0 g/dl
4
For pregnant women the value is <11.0 g/dl
Table 81 Nutritional status and anaemia among children and women by district

Percentage of children age 6-59 months classified as having anaemia and percentage of women age 15-49
years with anaemia and specific body mass index (BMI) levels by district, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage
Percentage Percentage Percentage of women
of children of women of women with BMI
having any having any with BMI ≥25.0
anaemia Number of anaemia Number of <18.5 (overweight Number of
District (<11.0 g/dl) children (<12.0 g/dl)1 women (total thin) or obese) women2

Ambala 64.2 178 46.1 878 14.8 41.6 852

Bhiwani 69.2 225 66.4 978 19.5 28.1 962
Charkhi Dadri 67.2 91 72.6 416 17.0 28.8 406
Faridabad 68.4 350 54.2 1,429 10.0 37.0 1,387
Fatehabad 59.3 197 62.3 783 19.8 29.8 772
Gurgaon 67.7 215 67.5 1,071 9.0 24.3 1,043
Hisar 70.5 330 63.8 1,468 18.5 30.1 1,434
Jhajjar 76.9 207 60.1 788 10.1 43.5 760
Jind 68.9 261 59.6 1,089 18.9 32.3 1,055
Kaithal 61.4 192 61.5 791 16.5 32.7 750
Karnal 78.3 373 61.9 1,421 14.9 36.5 1,380
Kurukshetra 73.7 180 57.1 801 11.8 37.3 770
Mahendragarh 72.3 132 61.2 691 14.3 29.5 665
Mewat 76.4 168 60.6 735 19.2 14.9 680
Palwal 71.6 264 57.2 872 15.8 27.4 827
Panchkula 53.1 63 57.1 420 14.1 39.9 425
Panipat 73.4 261 66.9 974 13.7 37.8 930
Rewari 71.3 118 61.8 768 11.6 28.3 746
Rohtak 76.2 198 65.3 853 15.9 35.9 819
Sirsa 70.1 180 61.9 1,003 20.8 29.3 993
Sonipat 68.7 290 53.3 1,209 13.2 39.2 1,162
Yamunanagar 72.9 208 56.6 945 13.9 37.9 907

Haryana 70.4 4,679 60.4 20,380 15.1 33.1 19,725

Note: Table is based on children who stayed in the household the night before the interview. Prevalence of anaemia,
based on haemoglobin levels, is adjusted for altitude using the CDC formula (Centers for Disease Control (CDC). 1998.
Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 47
(RR-3): 1-29). Haemoglobin levels shown in grams per decilitre (g/dl). The body mass index (BMI) is expressed as the ratio
of weight in kilograms to the square of height in metres (kg/m2).
1 For pregnant women, the value is <11.0 g/dl
2 Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months

144
 Table 82 Knowledge and prevention of HIV/AIDS

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS and who, in response to prompted questions, say that people can reduce the risk of getting HIV/AIDS by using condoms every
time they have sexual intercourse, who know that the risk of getting HIV/AIDS can be reduced by limiting sex to one uninfected partner, who have a comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and
who know that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from a mother to her baby, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who say Percentage who know

that people can that the risk of getting
reduce their chances HIV/AIDS can be Percentage who have Percentage who know
of getting HIV/AIDS by reduced by limiting a comprehensive that HIV/AIDS can be
Percentage who have using a condom every sex to one uninfected knowledge about transmitted from a
heard of HIV or AIDS time they have sex sex partner1 HIV/AIDS2 mother to her baby Number
Background characteristic Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men

Age
15-24 85.9 94.8 65.6 84.8 69.7 81.2 17.5 31.7 72.9 73.6 1,044 1,107
15-19 83.9 93.3 59.4 80.0 64.0 79.5 14.4 27.8 68.9 69.2 472 581
20-24 87.6 96.5 70.7 90.1 74.3 83.0 20.1 35.9 76.2 78.4 572 526
25-29 89.6 97.5 77.1 89.8 78.2 88.7 23.9 39.5 78.6 82.3 533 469
30-39 91.9 97.9 74.5 91.9 79.6 86.6 21.6 41.4 82.4 84.7 934 809
40-49 86.8 97.1 69.2 89.6 71.3 87.9 17.4 36.0 74.5 84.7 698 644

145
Residence
Urban 89.2 96.7 71.4 86.7 75.6 83.0 22.0 39.3 76.1 79.4 1,034 996
Rural 88.1 96.5 70.7 89.4 73.7 86.3 18.7 35.0 77.4 80.7 2,175 2,033

Schooling
No schooling 74.3 90.3 52.7 74.7 57.0 74.1 11.0 19.4 62.6 71.4 514 178
<5 years complete 88.9 93.1 66.2 84.8 66.5 85.4 11.9 20.1 72.2 80.2 94 79
5-7 years complete 84.1 95.2 68.2 84.5 71.4 80.6 13.8 22.2 73.4 77.4 443 352
8-9 years complete 85.2 93.8 65.0 83.8 69.9 80.3 12.6 24.3 70.1 75.8 599 537
10-11 years complete 93.2 98.2 75.2 90.7 80.7 88.3 18.6 38.2 83.4 82.0 533 653
12 or more years complete 96.8 98.4 82.8 92.8 84.3 88.7 32.2 48.3 86.8 83.4 1,025 1,229

Regular media exposure3

Yes 91.6 97.4 74.6 89.2 78.2 87.2 22.7 39.6 81.0 80.8 2,121 1,919
No 82.4 95.0 63.6 87.3 66.8 81.8 14.0 30.9 69.1 79.3 1,088 1,110

Continued…
 Table 82 Knowledge and prevention of HIV/AIDS—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS and who, in response to prompted questions, say that people can reduce the risk of getting HIV/AIDS by using condoms every
time they have sexual intercourse, who know that the risk of getting HIV/AIDS can be reduced by limiting sex to one uninfected partner, who have a comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and
who know that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from a mother to her baby, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who say Percentage who know

that people can that the risk of getting
reduce their chances HIV/AIDS can be Percentage who have Percentage who know
of getting HIV/AIDS by reduced by limiting a comprehensive that HIV/AIDS can be
Percentage who have using a condom every sex to one uninfected knowledge about transmitted from a
heard of HIV or AIDS time they have sex sex partner1 HIV/AIDS2 mother to her baby Number
Background characteristic Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men

Marital status
Never married 85.7 95.2 64.5 85.8 69.1 82.5 19.8 33.8 71.3 73.8 771 1,278
Currently married 89.5 97.5 73.3 90.6 76.0 87.2 20.0 38.5 78.8 85.1 2,309 1,716
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 86.3 (98.3) 65.6 (82.0) 76.2 (89.4) 15.1 (26.1) 77.1 (77.7) 130 34

Whether been away from home

146
for 1 month or more at a time
in the past 12 months4
Been away 89.0 96.2 65.8 89.8 72.2 83.1 18.3 38.6 78.4 79.9 218 327
Not been away 88.4 96.6 71.3 88.3 74.5 85.5 19.8 36.1 76.8 80.3 2,991 2,702

Whether been away from home

for 6 months or more at a time
in the past 12 months4
Been away 92.2 97.1 75.9 91.6 78.9 83.3 13.2 38.2 82.0 81.2 168 160
Not been away 88.2 96.5 70.6 88.3 74.1 85.3 20.1 36.3 76.7 80.2 3,042 2,869

Religion
Hindu 89.6 96.6 72.2 88.8 75.4 85.5 19.9 36.9 77.9 80.1 2,906 2,763
Muslim 70.0 94.5 48.2 79.9 56.7 76.6 13.4 23.0 60.8 81.6 185 174
Sikh 88.6 99.3 74.4 95.9 74.9 93.9 26.0 45.4 78.7 82.1 116 84

Continued…
 Table 82 Knowledge and prevention of HIV/AIDS—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS and who, in response to prompted questions, say that people can reduce the risk of getting HIV/AIDS by using condoms every
time they have sexual intercourse, who know that the risk of getting HIV/AIDS can be reduced by limiting sex to one uninfected partner, who have a comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and
who know that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from a mother to her baby, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who say Percentage who know

that people can that the risk of getting
reduce their chances HIV/AIDS can be Percentage who have Percentage who know
of getting HIV/AIDS by reduced by limiting a comprehensive that HIV/AIDS can be
Percentage who have using a condom every sex to one uninfected knowledge about transmitted from a
heard of HIV or AIDS time they have sex sex partner1 HIV/AIDS2 mother to her baby Number
Background characteristic Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 83.4 96.0 66.7 87.0 68.7 83.4 16.4 27.4 72.0 79.3 958 847
Scheduled tribe * (95.8) * (91.2) * (86.0) * (46.4) * (72.3) 16 36
Other backward class 88.0 96.3 69.0 88.0 72.9 85.8 20.0 36.5 75.7 80.7 997 983
Other 92.6 97.3 75.4 90.0 79.8 86.4 22.2 42.7 81.8 80.9 1,229 1,155

Total 88.4 96.5 70.9 88.5 74.3 85.2 19.7 36.4 76.9 80.3 3,209 3,029

147
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes women/men belonging to other
religions and women/men who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Partner who has no other partners
2 Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of a condom every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner can reduce the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-

looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting two common misconceptions about transmission or prevention of HIV/AIDS.
3 Exposure to radio, television, or newspapers/magazines at least once a week or cinema at least once a month
4
For women, visits to parental/in-laws' home excluded
 Table 83.1 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Women

Among women age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS, percentage expressing specific accepting attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, by background characteristic, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of women who:

Think that people
living with Think that people
Say that a female Would not want HIV/AIDS should living with HIV
Are willing to Would buy fresh teacher who has to keep secret Would allow an HIV be treated in the should be
care for a vegetables from a HIV/AIDS but is that a family positive student to same public allowed to work Number of
relative with shopkeeper or not sick should member got attend school with hospital as in the same office Express accepting women who
HIV/AIDS in vendor who be allowed to infected with students who are persons who are with people who attitudes on all have heard of
Background characteristic own home has HIV/AIDS continue teaching HIV/AIDS HIV negative HIV negative are HIV negative seven indicators HIV or AIDS

Age
15-24 74.2 60.9 66.1 68.6 63.9 62.7 62.5 27.6 897
15-19 70.7 55.4 62.5 71.1 59.3 61.2 59.4 27.2 396
20-24 76.9 65.3 69.0 66.5 67.5 63.9 64.9 28.0 501
25-29 73.9 68.2 74.3 67.2 71.0 67.2 68.9 27.9 477
30-39 76.7 65.7 71.6 70.5 67.0 63.8 66.9 30.2 859
40-49 75.8 64.5 70.6 63.9 67.9 65.2 70.1 25.3 605

148
Residence
Urban 75.3 66.7 74.0 67.0 70.3 66.2 69.9 28.3 922
Rural 75.2 63.2 68.2 68.4 65.2 63.4 64.9 27.8 1,916

Schooling
No schooling 68.6 56.0 63.3 67.5 60.1 56.1 60.1 22.6 382
<5 years complete 77.5 51.0 55.1 75.7 52.5 55.8 52.3 29.6 84
5-7 years complete 75.9 61.4 66.4 66.4 60.5 61.3 60.5 24.6 372
8-9 years complete 72.6 56.2 64.1 67.8 58.1 60.0 61.3 24.2 511
10-11 years complete 75.5 64.5 68.4 67.0 68.0 63.2 65.9 27.2 497
12 or more years complete 78.5 73.9 79.4 68.5 77.0 72.2 75.5 33.5 992

Regular media exposure1

Yes 75.7 66.4 70.4 70.6 68.0 64.3 67.6 30.3 1,942
No 74.2 60.0 69.5 62.0 64.3 64.4 64.2 23.0 897

Continued…
 Table 83.1 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Women—Continued

Among women age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS, percentage expressing specific accepting attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, by background characteristic, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of women who:

Think that people
living with Think that people
Say that a female Would not want HIV/AIDS should living with HIV
Are willing to Would buy fresh teacher who has to keep secret Would allow an HIV be treated in the should be
care for a vegetables from a HIV/AIDS but is that a family positive student to same public allowed to work Number of
relative with shopkeeper or not sick should member got attend school with hospital as in the same office Express accepting women who
HIV/AIDS in vendor who be allowed to infected with students who are persons who are with people who attitudes on all have heard of
Background characteristic own home has HIV/AIDS continue teaching HIV/AIDS HIV negative HIV negative are HIV negative seven indicators HIV or AIDS

Marital status
Never married 74.1 60.5 70.1 70.2 65.9 65.6 66.0 29.5 661
Currently married 75.9 65.7 70.0 67.5 67.4 63.8 66.5 27.7 2,066
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 70.7 62.1 72.7 61.3 62.8 66.3 70.0 23.3 112

Religion

149
Hindu 76.0 65.0 71.2 68.4 67.7 65.0 67.1 28.4 2,604
Muslim 64.4 53.7 54.7 56.5 52.7 52.7 57.2 19.0 129
Sikh 70.0 60.0 61.7 70.4 62.5 61.4 63.2 29.2 103

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 73.6 58.9 68.1 69.8 64.1 63.2 63.7 27.3 799
Other backward class 75.6 66.3 68.8 66.6 66.6 62.4 65.9 27.8 878
Other2 76.4 67.0 72.9 67.9 69.3 66.9 69.5 28.9 1,138

Total 75.2 64.3 70.1 67.9 66.9 64.3 66.5 28.0 2,838
Note: Total includes women belonging to other religions and women belonging to scheduled tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Exposure to radio, television, or newspapers/magazines at least once a week or cinema at least once a month
2 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
 Table 83.2 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Men

Among men age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS, percentage expressing specific accepting attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, by background characteristic, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of men who:

Think that people
living with Think that people
Say that a female Would not want Would allow an HIV/AIDS should living with HIV
Are willing to Would buy fresh teacher who has to keep secret HIV positive be treated in the should be allowed
care for a vegetables from a HIV/AIDS but is that a family student to attend same public to work in the Number of
relative with shopkeeper or not sick should member got school with hospital as same office with Express accepting men who
HIV/AIDS in vendor who be allowed to infected with students who are persons who are people who are attitudes on all have heard of
Background characteristic own home has HIV/AIDS continue teaching HIV/AIDS HIV negative HIV negative HIV negative seven indicators HIV or AIDS

Age
15-24 83.4 75.2 79.5 75.1 74.0 74.1 76.6 40.8 1,049
15-19 81.1 72.3 79.1 75.1 72.4 73.8 74.5 40.3 542
20-24 85.9 78.2 80.1 75.1 75.8 74.4 78.9 41.3 507
25-29 82.2 77.0 79.7 73.3 76.7 74.6 78.8 43.7 457
30-39 87.7 84.2 85.0 71.7 83.4 82.6 85.0 48.1 792
40-49 84.2 79.7 81.9 76.0 77.4 76.3 80.2 45.4 625

150
Residence
Urban 84.1 84.2 86.8 73.3 82.0 80.8 85.6 47.1 963
Rural 84.7 76.3 79.0 74.5 75.6 75.1 77.3 42.8 1,961

Schooling
No schooling 77.1 67.7 74.5 71.4 68.1 69.3 70.2 37.5 160
<5 years complete 86.5 72.8 75.0 75.3 69.7 75.7 78.3 45.7 74
5-7 years complete 81.3 70.9 76.1 73.8 73.4 68.3 73.8 38.0 335
8-9 years complete 84.0 77.0 76.8 75.0 74.4 75.1 75.9 45.9 504
10-11 years complete 85.0 78.1 82.4 74.8 78.4 78.2 80.9 44.6 642
12 or more years complete 86.3 84.1 86.0 73.6 81.7 80.6 84.4 45.8 1,209

Regular media exposure1

Yes 85.7 82.1 84.7 73.7 80.6 78.8 82.7 45.4 1,870
No 82.5 73.2 76.0 74.7 72.6 73.7 75.3 42.0 1,054

Continued…
 Table 83.2 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Men—Continued

Among men age 15-49 who have heard of HIV or AIDS, percentage expressing specific accepting attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, by background characteristic, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of men who:

Think that people
living with Think that people
Say that a female Would not want Would allow an HIV/AIDS should living with HIV
Are willing to Would buy fresh teacher who has to keep secret HIV positive be treated in the should be allowed
care for a vegetables from a HIV/AIDS but is that a family student to attend same public to work in the Number of
relative with shopkeeper or not sick should member got school with hospital as same office with Express accepting men who
HIV/AIDS in vendor who be allowed to infected with students who are persons who are people who are attitudes on all have heard of
Background characteristic own home has HIV/AIDS continue teaching HIV/AIDS HIV negative HIV negative HIV negative seven indicators HIV or AIDS

Marital status
Never married 83.9 76.8 80.2 73.2 75.6 74.6 77.7 41.7 1,218
Currently married 85.0 80.4 82.5 74.6 79.4 78.5 81.7 45.9 1,673
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted (83.7) (77.8) (86.1) (81.7) (70.6) (86.4) (82.1) (51.2) 33

151
Religion
Hindu 84.6 79.1 81.9 73.6 77.8 77.2 80.3 43.5 2,669
Muslim 81.3 71.7 76.6 79.4 74.4 72.2 73.8 49.6 165
Sikh 86.8 82.4 77.4 75.4 79.3 78.8 82.3 55.6 84

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 82.3 75.9 78.7 71.3 75.6 76.0 77.4 41.3 813
Scheduled tribe (82.6) (77.3) (91.2) (80.1) (91.2) (74.5) (71.4) (45.0) 35
Other backward class 86.0 79.1 81.3 75.1 77.4 74.9 79.8 43.8 947
Other 85.0 80.9 83.5 75.0 79.0 79.5 82.4 46.5 1,124

Total 84.5 78.9 81.6 74.1 77.7 77.0 80.0 44.2 2,924
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes men belonging to other religions and men who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1
Exposure to radio, television, or newspapers/magazines at least once a week or cinema at least once a month
Table 84 Sexual behaviour, HIV testing, blood transfusion, and injections

Indicators of higher-risk sexual behaviour, use of blood transfusion, prior HIV testing, and any injections for women and men age 15-49 by
residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

Behaviour Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Among those who had sexual intercourse in

the past 2 months:
Percentage who had two or more partners in
the past 12 months 2.7 0.9 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.4 2.0 1.0 1.5
Percentage who had higher-risk intercourse in
the past 12 months1 13.0 0.4 6.0 11.8 0.2 5.1 12.2 0.3 5.4
Percentage who had two or more partners and
higher-risk intercourse in the past 12 months1 2.1 0.0 0.9 1.7 0.0 0.7 1.8 0.0 0.8
Number who had sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 541 674 1,215 1,127 1,524 2,652 1,669 2,198 3,867

Among those who had higher-risk sexual

intercourse in the past 12 months:
Percentage who reported using a condom at last
higher-risk intercourse1 77.3 * 75.0 64.1 * 63.8 68.7 * 67.7
Number who had higher-risk sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 71 3 73 133 3 136 204 6 210

Among those who have ever had sexual

intercourse:
Mean number of sexual partners in lifetime 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.8 1.7
Number who have ever had sexual intercourse 603 745 1,348 1,210 1,649 2,858 1,812 2,394 4,206

Among all men:

Percentage who paid for sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 1.1 na na 1.5 na na 1.4 na na
Number of men 996 na na 2,033 na na 3,029 na na

Among men who paid for sexual intercourse in

the past 12 months, percentage reporting condom
use at last paid intercourse * na na (57.8) na na (61.5) na na
Number of men who paid for sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 11 na na 30 na na 41 na na

Among women with a birth in the last 5 years who

received ANC during pregnancy, percentage who
were tested for HIV during ANC na 26.6 na na 25.3 na na 25.6 na
Number of women with a birth in the last 5 years
who received ANC during pregnancy na 192 na na 539 na na 731 na

Percentage ever tested for HIV prior to NFHS-5 9.2 19.0 14.2 6.5 17.5 12.2 7.4 17.9 12.8
Percentage who have ever had a blood transfusion 4.4 5.7 5.1 3.5 7.0 5.3 3.8 6.6 5.3
Percentage who received any injection in
the past 12 months 31.6 38.4 35.1 34.4 45.1 39.9 33.5 43.0 38.4
Mean number of injections in the past 12 months 3.4 4.1 3.8 3.8 5.1 4.5 3.7 4.8 4.3
Number of respondents 996 1,034 2,030 2,033 2,175 4,208 3,029 3,209 6,238

Among those who received an injection in the past

12 months, percentage for whom for the last
injection, a disposable syringe was used 95.8 89.4 92.2 90.8 87.8 89.1 92.4 88.3 90.0
Number who received an injection in
the past 12 months 315 397 712 699 982 1,681 1,014 1,379 2,393

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases
and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
ANC = Antenatal care
1
Sexual intercourse with a partner who was neither a spouse nor who lived with the respondent

152
Table 85 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour among youth

Indicators of HIV/AIDS knowledge and sexual behaviour for women and men age 15-24 by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Urban Rural Total

Knowledge and behaviour Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Knowledge
Percentage with comprehensive knowledge
about HIV/AIDS1 30.6 17.0 24.1 32.2 17.8 25.1 31.7 17.5 24.8
Percentage who know a condom source 85.6 55.8 71.3 85.6 54.3 70.3 85.6 54.8 70.6

Sexual behaviour
Percentage who have ever had sexual intercourse 22.6 26.6 24.5 23.5 36.7 30.0 23.2 33.6 28.3
Percentage who had sexual intercourse before
age 15 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.1 1.3 0.7 0.1 1.2 0.6

HIV testing, injections, and blood transfusion

Percentage ever tested for HIV prior to NFHS-5 4.1 7.1 5.5 2.1 9.6 5.7 2.7 8.8 5.7
Percentage who have ever had a blood transfusion 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.2 2.7 3.0 3.2 2.8 3.0
Percentage who received any injection in
the past 12 months 31.3 36.1 33.6 33.9 41.3 37.5 33.1 39.7 36.3
Mean number of injections in the past 12 months 2.9 4.3 3.7 3.3 4.2 3.8 3.2 4.2 3.7

Number age 15-24 351 322 673 756 722 1,478 1,107 1,044 2,151

Among those who received an injection in the past

12 months, percentage for whom a disposable
syringe was used 97.2 87.9 92.4 93.5 90.4 91.8 94.6 89.7 92.0
Number who received an injection in
the past 12 months 110 116 226 256 298 554 366 415 780

Among those who have ever had sexual intercourse,

percentage who used a condom at first
sexual intercourse 55.2 32.7 43.3 43.4 27.9 34.0 47.0 29.1 36.6
Number who have ever had sexual intercourse 80 90 171 180 272 452 261 362 623

Among those who had sexual intercourse in the past

12 months, percentage who had higher-risk sexual
intercourse in the past 12 months2 66.2 2.6 32.9 50.7 0.9 19.1 55.7 1.3 22.8
Number who had sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 70 77 148 148 258 406 218 335 554

Among those who had higher-risk sexual

intercourse in the past 12 months, percentage
who used a condom at their last higher-risk
sexual intercourse (75.2) * (72.2) 57.0 * 56.2 64.0 * 62.4
Number who had higher-risk sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 47 2 49 75 2 78 122 4 126

Among the never married:

Percentage who have never had sexual intercourse 83.5 96.6 89.1 85.9 98.6 91.1 85.1 97.9 90.4
Percentage who had sexual intercourse in
the past 12 months 14.0 0.8 8.4 11.8 0.5 7.2 12.5 0.6 7.6
Number never married 324 240 564 670 457 1,126 993 697 1,690

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and
has been suppressed.
1
Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condoms every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner
can reduce the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting two common misconceptions about
transmission or prevention of HIV/AIDS
2
Sexual intercourse with a partner who was neither a spouse nor lived with the respondent

153
Table 86 Prevalence of tuberculosis

Number of persons per 100,000 usual household residents suffering

from any tuberculosis and medically treated tuberculosis by age, sex,
and main type of cooking fuel, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Number of persons per 100,000 suffering from:

Medically treated Number of
Age and sex Tuberculosis1 tuberculosis2 usual residents
URBAN

Sex
Female 73 68 13,769
Male 91 78 15,166

Age
<15 137 126 6,700
15-59 58 47 19,001
60 and over 117 117 3,234

Cooking fuel
Solid fuel3 63 63 3,081
Other fuel 85 74 25,854

Total4 83 73 28,934

RURAL

Sex
Female 117 115 28,602
Male 127 127 30,833

Age
<15 171 171 15,603
15-59 93 90 36,692
60 and over 169 169 7,144

Cooking fuel
Solid fuel3 111 111 35,615
Other fuel 140 136 23,824

Total4 122 121 59,439

TOTAL

Sex
Female 103 99 42,371
Male 115 111 45,999

Age
<15 161 157 22,303
15-59 81 76 55,693
60 and over 153 153 10,377

Cooking fuel
Solid fuel3 107 107 38,696
Other fuel 111 104 49,678

Total4 109 105 88,374

1
Includes medically treated tuberculosis
2 Suffering from tuberculosis and received medical treatment
3
Includes coal, lignite, charcoal, wood, straw/shrubs/grass, agricultural crop
waste, and dung cakes
4 Total includes transgender respondents, who are not shown separately.

154
 Table 87 Knowledge and attitudes toward tuberculosis

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of tuberculosis (TB), and among those who have heard of TB, percentage with specific knowledge and beliefs, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among women who have heard of TB, Among men who have heard of TB,
percentage who: percentage who:
Report Have Have
that TB is miscon- Would Report that miscon- Would
spread ceptions want a Number of TB is spread ceptions want a
Percentage through about Believe family women Percentage through the about Believe family Number of
of women the air by trans- that TB member's who have of men air by trans- that TB member's men who
Background who have Number of coughing mission can be TB kept heard who have Number coughing mission can be TB kept have heard
characteristic heard of TB women or sneezing of TB1 cured secret of TB heard of TB of men or sneezing of TB1 cured secret of TB

Age
15-19 95.8 3,438 74.8 77.7 93.1 8.0 3,295 94.4 581 80.2 72.3 90.3 9.5 549
20-34 96.6 10,624 76.3 79.3 95.4 7.2 10,260 94.9 1,438 78.1 76.9 96.0 7.1 1,365
35-49 96.6 7,846 73.8 77.8 96.2 7.4 7,581 96.1 1,009 78.4 75.2 96.2 9.4 970

Residence

155
Urban 97.6 7,391 77.7 81.2 95.9 6.4 7,212 95.9 996 80.7 76.2 95.1 6.9 955
Rural 95.9 14,518 73.9 77.1 95.0 7.9 13,924 94.9 2,033 77.6 75.1 94.9 9.0 1,928

Schooling
No schooling 92.7 3,493 68.1 72.7 93.1 9.8 3,239 88.5 178 76.7 72.6 93.8 13.1 157
<5 years complete 95.9 640 70.1 72.8 94.2 6.8 614 96.5 79 75.3 86.5 89.7 15.5 76
5-7 years complete 96.1 3,148 69.0 73.7 94.5 7.6 3,025 93.3 352 73.4 73.3 94.3 9.9 329
8-9 years complete 96.3 3,776 72.6 76.5 94.6 7.9 3,636 95.0 537 76.6 78.9 93.7 8.9 510
10-11 years complete 97.5 3,590 77.1 80.4 95.9 6.8 3,501 96.4 653 79.4 71.8 95.5 8.5 630
12 or more years
complete 98.0 7,262 81.9 83.8 96.9 6.3 7,120 96.1 1,229 80.9 76.2 96.0 6.4 1,181

Religion
Hindu 97.0 19,952 75.7 78.9 95.5 7.0 19,361 95.7 2,763 78.7 75.5 94.9 8.5 2,645
Muslim 87.8 1,194 66.4 72.1 93.1 15.0 1,049 86.2 174 73.7 81.6 96.3 6.7 150
Sikh 95.5 724 75.1 78.2 94.2 6.1 691 96.4 84 81.7 62.9 95.5 5.7 81
Other (91.7) 39 (75.0) (60.3) (97.8) (13.2) 36 * 6 * * * * 6

Continued…
 Table 87 Knowledge and attitudes toward tuberculosis—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of tuberculosis (TB), and among those who have heard of TB, percentage with specific knowledge and beliefs, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among women who have heard of TB, Among men who have heard of TB,
percentage who: percentage who:
Report Have Have
that TB is miscon- Would Report that miscon- Would
spread ceptions want a Number of TB is spread ceptions want a
Percentage through about Believe family women Percentage through the about Believe family Number of
of women the air by trans- that TB member's who have of men air by trans- that TB member's men who
Background who have Number of coughing mission can be TB kept heard who have Number coughing mission can be TB kept have heard
characteristic heard of TB women or sneezing of TB1 cured secret of TB heard of TB of men or sneezing of TB1 cured secret of TB

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 96.3 6,599 73.0 76.4 94.8 6.9 6,353 95.0 847 75.1 76.8 94.4 9.0 804
Scheduled tribe 94.1 182 51.5 81.9 96.3 12.9 171 (97.7) 36 (60.0) (72.3) (100.0) (9.0) 35
Other backward class 96.2 6,317 74.3 77.9 95.3 8.7 6,076 95.3 983 80.1 77.1 95.3 7.5 936
Other 97.0 8,730 78.1 80.7 95.7 6.7 8,467 95.5 1,155 80.5 73.3 95.0 8.6 1,103
Don't know 85.8 81 54.7 46.9 90.2 10.6 69 * 8 * * * * 5

156
Total 96.5 21,909 75.2 78.5 95.3 7.4 21,137 95.2 3,029 78.6 75.5 95.0 8.3 2,884
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
1 Misconceptions about the transmission of TB include that it can be spread by sharing utensils, by touching a person with TB, through food, through sexual contact, through mosquito bites, or through any other means

except through the air when coughing or sneezing

Table 88 Health insurance coverage among women and men

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who are covered by a health insurance/financing
scheme, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage Percentage
of women of men
covered by any covered by any
Background health insurance/ Number of health insurance/ Number
characteristic financing scheme women financing scheme of men

Age
15-19 16.6 3,438 11.4 581
20-24 13.1 3,546 16.3 526
25-34 14.0 7,079 19.5 913
35-49 20.3 7,846 21.7 1,009

Residence
Urban 18.8 7,391 20.1 996
Rural 15.4 14,518 17.1 2,033

Schooling
No schooling 17.2 3,493 11.1 178
<5 years complete 18.7 640 23.1 79
5-7 years complete 16.0 3,148 17.7 352
8-9 years complete 15.5 3,776 11.8 537
10-11 years complete 14.8 3,590 17.8 653
12 or more years
complete 17.7 7,262 21.9 1,229

Religion
Hindu 17.2 19,952 18.9 2,763
Muslim 7.0 1,194 9.7 174
Sikh 15.0 724 5.3 84
Other (11.0) 39 * 6

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 21.9 6,599 23.8 847
Scheduled tribe 16.2 182 (17.4) 36
Other backward class 15.0 6,317 16.5 983
Other 13.6 8,730 15.5 1,155
Don't know 7.9 81 * 8

Total age 15-49 16.5 21,909 18.1 3,029

Age 50-54 na na 26.1 195

Total age 15-54 na na 18.6 3,224

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is
based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable

157
Table 89 Source of health care and health insurance coverage among households

Percent distribution of households by the source of health care that household members generally use when they
get sick, percentage of households with at least one usual member covered by a health insurance/financing
scheme, and among households with at least one usual member covered by a health insurance/financing scheme,
type of health insurance/financing scheme coverage, according to residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Source Urban Rural Total

Public health sector 33.1 41.7 38.7

Government/municipal hospital 25.7 24.3 24.8
Government dispensary 2.6 2.0 2.2
UHC/UHP/UFWC 0.9 0.3 0.5
CHC/rural hospital/block PHC 2.6 9.2 6.9
PHC/additional PHC 1.0 4.7 3.4
Sub-centre 0.1 1.0 0.7
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.1 0.1 0.1
ASHA 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other public health sector 0.1 0.0 0.1

NGO or trust hospital/clinic 0.9 0.5 0.6

Private health sector 63.3 55.6 58.3

Private hospital 24.0 18.4 20.4
Private doctor/clinic 39.1 36.8 37.6
Private paramedic 0.2 0.3 0.3
Vaidya/hakim/homeopath (AYUSH) 0.1 0.0 0.0
Traditional healer 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pharmacy/drugstore 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dai (TBA) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other private health sector 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other source 1.7 1.4 1.5

Shop 0.1 0.2 0.2
Home treatment 1.2 0.7 0.9
Other 0.4 0.4 0.4

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Health insurance
Percentage of households in which at least one usual member is
covered by a health insurance/financing scheme 28.3 24.2 25.7

Number of households 6,421 11,808 18,229

Type of coverage among households in which at least one usual

member is covered by a health insurance/financing scheme
Employees' State Insurance Scheme (ESIS) 18.1 6.1 10.8
Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS) 13.1 15.3 14.4
State health insurance scheme 6.8 5.3 5.9
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) 9.4 17.7 14.5
Community health insurance programme 0.8 0.3 0.5
Other health insurance through employer 3.6 1.7 2.4
Medical reimbursement from employer 2.1 0.4 1.0
Other privately purchased commercial health insurance 20.4 5.5 11.3
Other 28.4 49.0 41.0

Number of households 1,819 2,858 4,676

UHC = Urban health centre; UHP = Urban health post; UFWC = Urban family welfare centre; CHC = Community health centre;
PHC = Primary health centre; AYUSH = Ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, unani, siddha and homeopathy; ICDS = Integrated Child
Development Services; ASHA = Accredited Social Health Activist; NGO = Nongovernmental organization

158
 Table 90 Health problems

Number of women and men age 15-49 per 100,000 who reported that they have diabetes, asthma, goitre or any other thyroid disorder, heart disease, or cancer, by background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Number of women per 100,000 Number of men per 100,000

Goitre or Goitre or
other thyroid Any heart Number other thyroid Any heart Number
Background characteristic Diabetes Asthma disorder disease Cancer of women Diabetes Asthma disorder disease Cancer of men

Age
15-19 355 477 496 266 88 3,438 813 309 0 157 0 581
20-34 1,000 803 2,046 476 150 10,624 1,016 402 216 322 85 1,438
35-49 3,447 2,133 4,554 743 207 7,846 2,038 883 892 454 416 1,009

Residence
Urban 1,885 1,160 3,330 421 62 7,391 1,433 181 431 192 337 996
Rural 1,720 1,263 2,380 599 211 14,518 1,261 723 385 404 102 2,033

Schooling
No schooling 2,183 1,395 2,135 686 172 3,493 552 944 317 369 0 178

159
<5 years complete 3,072 1,965 4,267 580 232 640 1,164 0 0 0 0 79
5-7 years complete 2,553 1,856 3,517 629 182 3,148 1,575 410 1,373 582 0 352
8-9 years complete 1,423 1,176 2,207 510 102 3,776 1,501 356 251 174 0 537
10-11 years complete 1,649 1,210 2,900 539 166 3,590 1,463 522 381 481 317 653
12 or more years
complete 1,374 847 2,639 440 168 7,262 1,207 655 233 271 273 1,229

Marital status
Never married 488 532 553 359 111 5,304 914 417 0 123 0 1,278
Currently married 2,082 1,357 3,340 594 158 15,739 1,570 650 613 437 316 1,716
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 4,082 3,152 4,229 630 525 867 (3,742) (0) (4,704) (3,089) (0) 34

Religion
Hindu 1,737 1,239 2,790 525 140 19,952 1,345 539 438 255 196 2,763
Muslim 2,002 900 769 781 610 1,194 119 913 0 1,414 0 174
Sikh 2,421 1,308 3,426 535 0 724 2,979 0 0 700 0 84
Other (2,627) (4,326) (2,457) (0) (0) 39 * * * * * 6

Continued…
 Table 90 Health problems—Continued

Number of women and men age 15-49 per 100,000 who reported that they have diabetes, asthma, goitre or any other thyroid disorder, heart disease, or cancer, by background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Number of women per 100,000 Number of men per 100,000

Goitre or Goitre or
other thyroid Any heart Number other thyroid Any heart Number
Background characteristic Diabetes Asthma disorder disease Cancer of women Diabetes Asthma disorder disease Cancer of men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 1,378 832 2,373 430 69 6,599 812 548 333 0 100 847
Scheduled tribe 2,680 2,124 3,649 932 0 182 (2,993) (0) (0) (0) (0) 36
Other backward class 1,643 1,035 2,553 586 148 6,317 1,132 584 237 388 0 983
Other 2,147 1,614 3,044 557 236 8,730 1,802 529 603 546 397 1,155
Don't know 2,442 5,034 1,785 2,819 827 81 * * * * * 8

Total age 15-49 1,775 1,228 2,701 539 161 21,909 1,317 545 400 334 179 3,029

Age 50-54 na na na na na na 5,679 1,040 1,238 546 0 195

160
Total age 15-54 na na na na na na 1,582 575 451 347 168 3,224

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
Table 91 Screening tests for cancer

Percentage of women age 15-49 who have ever undergone specific screening tests for cancer, and percentage of men
age 15-49 who have ever undergone an oral cavity screening test for oral cancer, by background characteristics,
Haryana, 2019-21

Oral cavity
Type of screening test for women
Number of screening test Number of
Background characteristic Cervix Breast Oral cavity women for men men

Age
15-19 0.3 0.1 0.3 3,286 0.9 546
20-24 0.3 0.3 0.3 3,440 1.0 488
25-29 0.3 0.1 0.2 3,636 1.3 442
30-34 0.5 0.3 0.3 3,216 0.8 407
35-39 0.9 0.4 0.3 2,871 2.6 348
40-44 0.7 0.3 0.5 2,461 0.2 324
45-49 1.3 0.3 0.3 2,295 2.9 277

Residence
Urban 0.7 0.3 0.3 7,091 1.0 917
Rural 0.5 0.2 0.3 14,113 1.4 1,913

Schooling
No schooling 0.6 0.2 0.3 3,415 1.5 165
<5 years complete 0.9 0.4 0.2 621 0.0 77
5-7 years complete 0.7 0.3 0.3 3,058 1.7 335
8-9 years complete 0.4 0.3 0.3 3,661 1.4 509
10-11 years complete 0.7 0.1 0.3 3,458 1.5 603
12 or more years
complete 0.5 0.2 0.3 6,991 1.0 1,141

Religion
Hindu 0.5 0.2 0.3 19,302 1.2 2,587
Muslim 0.6 0.2 0.5 1,161 3.1 164
Sikh 1.3 0.3 0.1 706 0.0 73
Other (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 36 * 5

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 0.3 0.2 0.3 6,423 0.7 780
Scheduled tribe 0.3 0.3 0.4 173 (0.0) 34
Other backward class 0.6 0.3 0.2 6,117 1.6 923
Other 0.7 0.2 0.3 8,417 1.5 1,084
Don't know 0.0 0.0 0.0 75 * 8

Total 0.6 0.2 0.3 21,205 1.3 2,830

Note: Table excludes women and men who did not complete an individual interview. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49
unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

161
 Table 92.1 Blood pressure status: Women

Among women age 15-49, prevalence of hypertension, percent distribution of blood pressure values, and percentage having normal blood pressure and taking medication to lower
blood pressure, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Normal Pre-hypertensive Hypertensive Percentage with

Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3: normal blood
SBP <120 SBP 120-139 SBP 140-159 SBP 160-179 SBP ≥180 pressure and taking
Prevalence of mmHg and DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP medicine to lower Number of
Background characteristic hypertension1 <80 mmHg 80-89 mmHg 90-99 mmHg 100-109 mmHg ≥110 mmHg Total blood pressure women

Age
15-19 3.7 68.6 28.3 2.5 0.3 0.3 100.0 0.4 3,215
20-24 5.0 65.4 31.2 2.5 0.4 0.4 100.0 1.1 3,367
25-29 6.8 55.0 39.3 5.1 0.5 0.1 100.0 0.6 3,545
30-34 11.7 45.5 44.8 8.0 1.1 0.5 100.0 1.0 3,154
35-39 15.5 38.5 48.0 10.4 2.0 1.0 100.0 0.6 2,798
40-44 21.6 30.1 51.2 13.9 3.5 1.3 100.0 1.1 2,407
45-49 27.6 26.0 50.4 16.9 4.7 2.0 100.0 1.2 2,234

Residence

162
Urban 12.2 47.6 41.7 8.2 1.8 0.6 100.0 0.6 6,862
Rural 11.7 49.9 40.4 7.5 1.4 0.8 100.0 1.0 13,857

Schooling
No schooling 17.9 37.1 47.9 11.2 2.6 1.1 100.0 1.2 3,334
<5 years complete 16.3 39.8 45.5 11.0 2.2 1.5 100.0 0.4 619
5-7 years complete 15.1 43.1 44.0 9.5 2.3 1.0 100.0 1.0 3,004
8-9 years complete 10.5 53.9 37.1 6.8 1.4 0.7 100.0 0.7 3,602
10-11 years complete 10.5 52.9 38.3 7.0 1.3 0.6 100.0 0.7 3,381
12 or more years complete 8.6 54.1 38.9 5.8 0.8 0.4 100.0 0.8 6,779

Religion
Hindu 12.0 49.4 40.5 7.8 1.6 0.7 100.0 0.8 18,869
Muslim 9.6 45.2 46.7 6.8 0.6 0.6 100.0 0.6 1,144
Sikh 12.1 49.2 40.8 7.4 1.6 1.1 100.0 1.0 671
Other (14.7) (54.6) (33.4) (9.8) (2.2) (0.0) 100.0 (2.7) 36

Continued…
 Table 92.1 Blood pressure status: Women—Continued

Among women age 15-49, prevalence of hypertension, percent distribution of blood pressure values, and percentage having normal blood pressure and taking medication to lower
blood pressure, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Normal Pre-hypertensive Hypertensive

Percentage with
Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3: normal blood
SBP <120 SBP 120-139 SBP 140-159 SBP 160-179 SBP ≥180 pressure and taking
Prevalence of mmHg and DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP medicine to lower Number of
Background characteristic hypertension1 <80 mmHg 80-89 mmHg 90-99 mmHg 100-109 mmHg ≥110 mmHg Total blood pressure women

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 10.1 53.6 38.0 6.3 1.5 0.6 100.0 0.8 6,309
Scheduled tribe 15.2 49.7 37.6 11.1 1.6 0.0 100.0 2.5 170
Other backward class 12.2 48.5 41.1 8.1 1.6 0.8 100.0 0.8 5,991
Other 12.8 46.2 43.1 8.4 1.5 0.8 100.0 0.9 8,174
Don't know 28.5 48.5 29.4 15.1 4.8 2.2 100.0 3.8 75

Total 11.9 49.1 40.9 7.7 1.5 0.7 100.0 0.8 20,719
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.

163
SBP = Systolic blood pressure; DBP = Diastolic blood pressure
1
A woman is classified as having hypertension if she has SBP≥140 mmHg or DBP≥90 mmHg at the time of the survey, or she is currently taking antihypertensive medication to control blood pressure. The term
hypertension as used in this table is not meant to be a clinical diagnosis of the disease, but rather to provide an indication of the disease burden in the population at the time of the survey.
 Table 92.2 Blood pressure status: Men

Among men age 15-49, prevalence of hypertension, percent distribution of blood pressure values, and percentage having normal blood pressure and taking medication to lower
blood pressure, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Normal Pre-hypertensive Hypertensive

Percentage with
Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3: normal blood
SBP <120 SBP 120-139 SBP 140-159 SBP 160-179 SBP ≥180 pressure and taking
Prevalence of mmHg and DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP medicine to lower Number
Background characteristic hypertension1 <80 mmHg 80-89 mmHg 90-99 mmHg 100-109 mmHg ≥110 mmHg Total blood pressure of men

Age
15-19 5.7 50.2 44.4 5.1 0.1 0.1 100.0 0.3 534
20-24 8.6 31.4 60.3 7.3 0.8 0.3 100.0 0.1 476
25-29 14.6 25.4 61.0 11.4 1.8 0.4 100.0 0.3 425
30-34 20.1 20.9 59.7 16.1 2.0 1.2 100.0 0.0 395
35-39 29.4 13.9 58.2 21.5 5.5 0.9 100.0 0.3 328
40-44 31.4 12.7 56.6 20.9 5.2 4.7 100.0 0.0 319
45-49 30.1 15.4 56.0 17.7 8.8 2.1 100.0 0.1 267

Residence

164
Urban 19.9 23.5 57.2 15.6 2.5 1.2 100.0 0.2 895
Rural 16.8 28.4 55.6 11.9 3.0 1.1 100.0 0.2 1,848

Schooling
No schooling 14.5 20.8 66.3 7.8 3.5 1.5 100.0 0.0 156
<5 years complete 19.2 27.6 55.0 12.7 1.8 3.0 100.0 0.0 77
5-7 years complete 19.8 21.6 59.5 11.6 5.5 1.8 100.0 0.0 323
8-9 years complete 14.4 37.5 48.9 11.2 1.4 1.1 100.0 0.3 496
10-11 years complete 18.2 28.2 54.0 14.4 2.9 0.5 100.0 0.0 580
12 or more years complete 19.0 23.6 58.2 14.4 2.6 1.2 100.0 0.2 1,111

Religion
Hindu 18.3 26.6 55.9 13.5 2.8 1.2 100.0 0.2 2,508
Muslim 9.5 32.7 58.4 5.7 2.6 0.6 100.0 0.0 159
Sikh 18.9 23.7 57.4 13.0 5.9 0.0 100.0 0.0 71

Continued…
 Table 92.2 Blood pressure status: Men—Continued

Among men age 15-49, prevalence of hypertension, percent distribution of blood pressure values, and percentage having normal blood pressure and taking medication to lower
blood pressure, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Normal Pre-hypertensive Hypertensive

Percentage with
Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3: normal blood
SBP <120 SBP 120-139 SBP 140-159 SBP 160-179 SBP ≥180 pressure and taking
Prevalence of mmHg and DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP mmHg or DBP medicine to lower Number
Background characteristic hypertension1 <80 mmHg 80-89 mmHg 90-99 mmHg 100-109 mmHg ≥110 mmHg Total blood pressure of men

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 18.2 27.6 55.1 12.6 3.1 1.5 100.0 0.1 767
Scheduled tribe (8.0) (39.9) (55.7) (0.0) (4.4) (0.0) 100.0 (0.0) 32
Other backward class 16.9 29.5 54.0 12.6 2.8 1.0 100.0 0.2 891
Other 18.7 23.5 58.7 14.2 2.6 1.0 100.0 0.1 1,045

Total age 15-49 17.9 26.8 56.1 13.1 2.8 1.1 100.0 0.2 2,743

Age 50-54 50.8 9.9 41.8 29.1 11.3 7.9 100.0 0.8 183

165
Total age 15-54 19.9 25.8 55.2 14.1 3.4 1.6 100.0 0.2 2,927
Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes men belonging to other religions and men who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
SBP = Systolic blood pressure; DBP = Diastolic blood pressure
1
A man is classified as having hypertension if he has SBP≥140 mmHg or DBP≥90 mmHg at time of survey, or he is currently taking antihypertensive medication to control blood pressure. The term
hypertension as used in this table is not meant to be a clinical diagnosis of the disease, but rather to provide an indication of the disease burden in the population at the time of the survey.
Table 93.1 Random blood glucose levels: Women

Among women age 15-49, percent distribution of random blood glucose values, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage with Percentage with

normal blood >140 mg/dl
glucose levels blood glucose
and taking levels or taking
Random blood glucose values medicine to medicine to
Background ≤140 mg/dl 141-160 >160 mg/dl lower their blood lower their blood Number of
characteristic (normal) mg/dl (high) (very high) Total glucose level glucose level women

Age
15-19 97.2 2.1 0.7 100.0 0.4 3.2 3,175
20-24 97.6 1.8 0.6 100.0 0.4 2.9 3,326
25-29 96.9 2.2 1.0 100.0 0.5 3.6 3,510
30-34 93.8 4.2 2.0 100.0 0.5 6.7 3,119
35-39 91.4 4.9 3.7 100.0 0.6 9.2 2,743
40-44 88.2 5.6 6.3 100.0 0.4 12.2 2,344
45-49 85.7 6.7 7.6 100.0 1.4 15.7 2,182

Residence
Urban 93.4 3.5 3.1 100.0 0.8 7.4 6,761
Rural 93.7 3.8 2.5 100.0 0.5 6.7 13,638

Schooling
No schooling 90.2 5.6 4.2 100.0 0.6 10.4 3,254
<5 years complete 90.1 5.1 4.8 100.0 0.4 10.3 600
5-7 years complete 92.2 4.1 3.6 100.0 0.4 8.2 2,958
8-9 years complete 94.1 3.3 2.6 100.0 0.7 6.6 3,552
10-11 years complete 94.0 3.4 2.6 100.0 0.5 6.4 3,337
12 or more years
complete 95.8 2.7 1.5 100.0 0.6 4.9 6,698

Religion
Hindu 93.6 3.7 2.7 100.0 0.6 7.0 18,604
Muslim 95.0 2.8 2.2 100.0 0.3 5.3 1,105
Sikh 91.8 5.2 3.1 100.0 0.2 8.5 656
Other (100.0) (0.0) (0.0) 100.0 (0.0) (0.0) 35

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 93.6 3.5 2.9 100.0 0.5 6.9 6,236
Scheduled tribe 90.6 6.6 2.8 100.0 0.4 9.8 169
Other backward class 93.2 4.1 2.7 100.0 0.4 7.2 5,904
Other 94.0 3.5 2.6 100.0 0.7 6.8 8,016
Don't know 96.4 3.1 0.6 100.0 0.0 3.6 75

Total 93.6 3.7 2.7 100.0 0.6 7.0 20,399

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.

166
Table 93.2 Random blood glucose levels: Men

Among men age 15-49, percent distribution of random blood glucose values, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage with Percentage with

normal blood >140 mg/dl
glucose levels blood glucose
and taking levels or taking
Random blood glucose values
medicine to medicine to
Background ≤140 mg/dl 141-160 >160 mg/dl lower their blood lower their blood Number
characteristic (normal) mg/dl (high) (very high) Total glucose level glucose level of men

Age
15-19 97.8 1.6 0.6 100.0 0.5 2.7 529
20-24 96.4 3.2 0.4 100.0 0.3 4.0 470
25-29 96.6 2.6 0.8 100.0 0.8 4.2 422
30-34 90.0 4.7 5.4 100.0 0.6 10.6 390
35-39 85.6 8.2 6.2 100.0 2.1 16.5 324
40-44 84.3 9.5 6.2 100.0 0.7 16.4 303
45-49 81.1 7.1 11.8 100.0 1.7 20.6 257

Residence
Urban 91.7 5.2 3.1 100.0 0.7 9.0 882
Rural 91.7 4.4 3.9 100.0 0.9 9.3 1,813

Schooling
No schooling 85.9 9.7 4.5 100.0 0.9 15.1 151
<5 years complete 87.3 5.8 6.9 100.0 1.9 14.6 75
5-7 years complete 87.8 4.6 7.7 100.0 1.2 13.5 315
8-9 years complete 94.3 2.4 3.3 100.0 0.7 6.4 486
10-11 years complete 91.0 5.8 3.1 100.0 0.4 9.3 574
12 or more years
complete 93.1 4.3 2.6 100.0 1.0 7.9 1,093

Religion
Hindu 91.8 4.6 3.6 100.0 0.9 9.1 2,463
Muslim 91.4 5.5 3.1 100.0 0.0 8.6 155
Sikh 87.7 4.7 7.6 100.0 1.1 13.4 71

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 91.6 4.2 4.2 100.0 0.9 9.3 750
Scheduled tribe (82.1) (11.1) (6.8) 100.0 (0.0) (17.9) 29
Other backward class 92.6 3.9 3.5 100.0 0.6 8.0 875
Other 91.3 5.4 3.3 100.0 1.1 9.9 1,033

Total age 15-49 91.7 4.7 3.6 100.0 0.9 9.2 2,695

Age 50-54 78.3 6.4 15.3 100.0 7.2 28.9 170

Total age 15-54 90.9 4.8 4.3 100.0 1.2 10.4 2,865

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes men belonging to other religions and men who don’t know their
caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.

167
Table 94 Tobacco and alcohol use by women and men

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 by their use of tobacco and alcohol, percent distribution of those who smoke cigarettes
or bidis by number of cigarettes/bidis smoked in the 24 hours preceding the survey, and among those who drink alcohol, the percent
distribution of the frequency of alcohol consumption, by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

Women Men
Tobacco/alcohol use Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total

Use of tobacco/alcohol
Smokes cigarettes 0.0 0.1 0.1 8.9 5.4 6.5
Smokes bidis 0.1 0.4 0.3 10.7 14.8 13.5
Smokes cigars or pipe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
Smokes hookah 0.0 0.2 0.1 3.5 13.1 9.9
Chews gutkha or paan masala with tobacco 0.3 0.0 0.1 3.4 1.4 2.0
Uses khaini 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.1 1.6 2.1
Chews paan with tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2
Uses other chewing tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.4
Uses snuff 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Uses other tobacco product 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.8

Uses any type of tobacco 0.5 0.7 0.6 22.4 29.2 27.0

Drinks alcohol 0.1 0.1 0.1 19.1 17.4 17.9

Number of respondents 7,391 14,518 21,909 996 2,033 3,029

Among those who smoke cigarettes, number

of cigarettes smoked in the past 24 hours
<5 * * * 78.6 68.2 72.8
5-9 * * * 10.1 15.2 12.9
10-14 * * * 5.0 4.2 4.5
15-24 * * * 0.0 0.6 0.3
Missing * * * 6.3 11.9 9.4

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of cigarette smokers 1 16 17 88 110 198

Among those who smoke bidis, number of

bidis smoked in the past 24 hours
<5 * 60.0 60.8 26.3 17.8 20.0
5-9 * 24.1 23.6 28.5 26.9 27.3
10-14 * 7.9 8.3 26.5 29.8 28.9
15-24 * 3.4 3.1 13.4 19.7 18.1
25 or more * 4.5 4.1 0.4 3.3 2.6
Missing * 0.0 0.0 4.9 2.5 3.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number of bidi smokers 6 62 68 106 301 407

Among those who drink alcohol, frequency

of drinking
Almost every day * * * 7.2 14.7 12.0
About once a week * * * 42.8 35.3 37.9
Less than once a week * * * 50.0 50.0 50.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Number who drink alcohol 10 8 18 190 353 543

Note: An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed.

168
Table 95 Methods of menstrual protection

Percentage of women age 15-24 who use various methods of menstrual protection and percentage using a hygienic method, according
to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Type of menstrual protection1

Percentage
Locally using a
Background prepared Sanitary Menstrual hygienic Number
characteristic Cloth napkins napkins Tampons cup Other Nothing method2 of women

Age
15-19 20.9 14.6 80.9 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.1 93.1 3,438
20-24 23.0 15.7 80.1 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 93.3 3,546

Residence
Urban 17.0 13.3 86.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 96.7 2,189
Rural 24.3 16.1 78.0 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 91.6 4,795

Schooling
No schooling 62.7 12.2 50.9 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.5 64.0 267
<5 years complete 57.8 2.6 63.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 67.2 67
5-7 years complete 41.1 13.4 70.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 82.4 420
8-9 years complete 24.7 15.9 78.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 91.5 1,758
10-11 years complete 18.7 14.8 83.5 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.0 95.7 1,703
12 or more years
complete 14.6 15.8 84.9 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 97.8 2,769

Religion
Hindu 19.3 15.5 82.5 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 95.3 6,243
Muslim 56.2 11.0 56.3 1.0 0.4 0.1 1.1 67.5 525
Sikh 16.8 16.3 81.3 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 95.6 207

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 20.9 16.3 80.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 94.1 2,302
Scheduled tribe 25.4 26.5 67.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 90.7 57
Other backward class 26.5 14.9 79.1 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.1 91.4 2,124
Other 18.9 14.2 82.3 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 94.2 2,476
Don't know (34.5) (8.5) (56.9) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (4.4) (65.4) 25

Total 22.0 15.2 80.5 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 93.2 6,984
Note: Table is based on women age 15-24 who have ever menstruated. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes
women belonging to other religions, who are not shown separately.
1
Respondents may report multiple methods so the sum may exceed 100 percent
2 Locally prepared napkins, sanitary napkins, tampons, and menstrual cup are considered to be hygienic methods of protection

169
 Table 96 Employment and cash earnings of women and men

Percentage of women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 who were employed at any time in the 12 months preceding the survey and percent distribution of women and men employed in the
12 months preceding the survey by type of earnings and type of employment, according to age, Haryana, 2019-21

Percent distribution
Percentage Percent distribution of employed respondents of employed
employed by type of earnings respondents by sector Number of
in the past Number of Cash and Non- employed
Age 12 months respondents Cash only in-kind In-kind only Not paid Missing Total Agriculture agriculture Total respondents
WOMEN

15-19 10.1 472 (68.1) (6.6) (5.3) (20.0) (0.0) 100.0 (8.9) (91.1) 100.0 47
20-24 16.8 572 80.5 6.8 0.5 12.2 0.0 100.0 14.2 85.8 100.0 96
25-29 19.7 533 78.9 5.3 3.0 12.7 0.0 100.0 7.2 92.8 100.0 105
30-34 25.5 516 74.2 8.4 2.2 15.2 0.0 100.0 18.0 82.0 100.0 132
35-39 34.3 419 78.0 9.4 1.6 11.0 0.0 100.0 8.6 91.4 100.0 144
40-44 31.3 403 71.6 8.7 2.7 16.9 0.0 100.0 8.8 91.2 100.0 126
45-49 27.3 295 67.5 7.8 5.9 18.7 0.0 100.0 10.7 89.3 100.0 81

Total 22.8 3,209 74.9 7.8 2.7 14.6 0.0 100.0 11.1 88.9 100.0 731

170
MEN

15-19 18.4 581 85.3 3.6 0.0 11.1 0.0 100.0 17.9 82.1 100.0 107
20-24 56.9 526 87.4 8.1 0.4 4.2 0.0 100.0 18.5 81.5 100.0 299
25-29 87.2 469 87.2 9.6 1.3 1.9 0.0 100.0 21.0 79.0 100.0 409
30-34 96.0 444 88.5 7.4 1.9 2.2 0.0 100.0 22.2 77.8 100.0 426
35-39 96.3 365 87.8 8.7 0.6 2.9 0.0 100.0 22.3 77.7 100.0 352
40-44 95.9 350 85.6 11.5 1.0 1.9 0.0 100.0 25.7 74.3 100.0 336
45-49 96.6 293 83.8 11.1 1.9 3.2 0.0 100.0 33.6 66.4 100.0 283

Total 73.0 3,029 86.8 9.0 1.2 3.0 0.0 100.0 23.3 76.7 100.0 2,212

Age 50-54 95.7 195 81.2 13.2 4.6 1.0 0.0 100.0 28.5 71.5 100.0 187

Total age 15-54 74.4 3,224 86.4 9.3 1.4 2.9 0.0 100.0 23.7 76.3 100.0 2,399

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.

 Table 97 Control over and magnitude of women's and men's cash earnings

Percentage of currently married women and men age 15-49 by who decide how women's and men's cash earnings are used and by the magnitude of women's cash earnings compared with
their husband's cash earnings, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of currently married women who report that they: Percentage of currently married men who report that:
Their wife
Alone or Number alone or
Alone or jointly with Number of employed They alone or jointly with Number
jointly with their husband women for cash and jointly with them employed
their husband decide how whose Earn more whose their wife Number of decides for cash
decide how their husbands or about husbands decide how men with how their Their wife and whose
their own Number husband's are the same are their wife's wives who own cash Number earns more wives are
Background cash earnings employed cash earnings employed as their employed cash earnings are employed earnings employed or about the employed
characteristic are used for cash are used for cash husband for cash are used for cash are used for cash same as them for cash

Age
15-19 * 2 (64.8) 28 * 1 nc 0 * 4 nc 0
20-29 88.1 66 69.4 501 (43.1) 45 * 15 78.1 338 * 15
30-39 84.3 215 77.7 614 41.4 159 79.6 74 87.0 678 51.6 66

171
40-49 93.2 132 83.4 408 43.3 101 73.5 92 82.7 559 41.6 90

Residence
Urban 88.8 151 77.3 519 48.0 119 79.3 77 83.2 532 56.3 74
Rural 87.2 265 75.7 1,031 39.0 188 75.4 104 83.8 1,046 39.5 97

Schooling
No schooling 87.6 108 75.0 314 34.2 80 * 21 81.3 131 * 20
<5 years complete * 23 75.1 53 * 17 * 12 82.9 59 * 9
5-7 years complete 87.8 86 76.8 281 39.0 62 (63.6) 41 84.2 261 (48.3) 40
8-9 years complete 90.5 59 70.8 249 (47.2) 43 * 17 77.7 214 * 16
10-11 years complete 89.5 58 82.9 244 (35.0) 44 (85.4) 35 82.9 330 (56.8) 32
12 or more years
complete 82.7 81 76.4 410 59.7 60 87.7 55 86.4 585 48.4 53

Religion
Hindu 88.1 379 77.0 1,401 44.9 283 77.8 170 84.4 1,430 46.2 161
Muslim * 20 60.1 93 * 13 * 8 70.2 95 * 7
Sikh * 16 83.5 55 * 11 * 3 82.7 50 * 3

Continued…
 Table 97 Control over and magnitude of women's and men's cash earnings—Continued

Percentage of currently married women and men age 15-49 by who decide how women's and men's cash earnings are used and by the magnitude of women's cash earnings compared with
their husband's cash earnings, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of currently married women who report that they: Percentage of currently married men who report that:
Their wife
Alone or Number alone or
Alone or jointly with Number of employed They alone or jointly with Number
jointly with their husband women for cash and jointly with them employed
their husband decide how whose Earn more whose their wife Number of decides for cash
decide how their husbands or about husbands decide how men with how their Their wife and whose
their own Number husband's are the same are their wife's wives who own cash Number earns more wives are
Background cash earnings employed cash earnings employed as their employed cash earnings are employed earnings employed or about the employed
characteristic are used for cash are used for cash husband for cash are used for cash are used for cash same as them for cash

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 92.1 166 77.2 454 42.1 125 75.4 79 84.7 462 45.5 74
Other backward class 85.7 138 74.0 510 33.6 101 74.2 57 79.1 509 51.2 54
Other1 84.4 107 77.4 571 53.3 78 (84.7) 45 86.2 590 (42.9) 42

172
Total 87.8 416 76.3 1,551 42.5 306 77.1 181 83.6 1,579 46.8 171

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes women/men belonging to
other religions and women/men belonging to scheduled tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
nc = No cases
1
Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
 Table 98 Participation in decision making

Percent distribution of currently married women and men age 15-49 by who usually make decisions about specific issues, by residence, Haryana, 2019-21

According to women, person who usually makes the decision According to men, person who usually makes the decision
Respondent Respondent
Mainly and husband Mainly Someone Mainly and wife Mainly Someone
Decision respondent jointly husband else Other Total respondent jointly wife else Other Total
URBAN

Own health care 6.8 76.9 13.8 1.4 1.0 100.0 24.3 72.7 2.7 0.3 0.0 100.0
Major household purchases 3.7 80.6 11.6 2.8 1.4 100.0 16.8 79.8 2.2 1.3 0.0 100.0
Visits to her family or relatives 4.9 79.2 12.8 2.2 0.9 100.0 na na na na na na

RURAL

Own health care 7.3 73.5 14.0 2.3 2.8 100.0 24.7 71.5 3.1 0.7 0.0 100.0
Major household purchases 3.6 72.5 15.3 4.6 4.1 100.0 17.0 79.1 2.0 1.7 0.2 100.0
Visits to her family or relatives 4.4 74.4 14.4 3.3 3.6 100.0 na na na na na na

TOTAL

173
Own health care 7.2 74.6 14.0 2.0 2.3 100.0 24.6 71.9 3.0 0.6 0.0 100.0
Major household purchases 3.6 75.0 14.1 4.0 3.3 100.0 16.9 79.3 2.1 1.6 0.1 100.0
Visits to her family or relatives 4.5 75.9 13.9 2.9 2.8 100.0 na na na na na na
na = Not applicable
 Table 99 Decision making by background characteristics

Percentage of currently married women and men age 15-49 who usually make specific decisions either by themselves or jointly with their spouse, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of women who usually make specific decisions Percentage of men who usually make specific decisions
alone or jointly with their husband alone or jointly with their wife
Percentage
who
Making major Visits to her Percentage who participate Making major Percentage who Percentage who
Own household family or participate in all in none of the Number Own household participate in participate in Number
Background characteristic health care purchases relatives three decisions three decisions of women health care purchases both decisions neither decision of men

Age
15-19 66.7 56.5 60.5 50.2 27.6 47 * * * * 5
20-24 73.8 68.4 67.3 59.2 20.4 298 96.4 92.3 92.3 3.6 108
25-29 76.3 70.2 74.8 63.6 17.5 451 95.8 94.5 92.1 1.8 275
30-39 83.4 82.2 82.7 75.3 10.3 887 96.9 97.2 94.9 0.8 727
40-49 88.2 86.0 88.8 80.6 7.1 626 96.2 96.5 94.0 1.3 602

Residence
Urban 83.7 84.3 84.1 76.3 9.3 709 97.0 96.6 94.9 1.3 554

174
Rural 80.8 76.1 78.7 69.9 13.9 1,599 96.2 96.1 93.6 1.3 1,162

Schooling
No schooling 81.5 77.1 81.6 71.3 12.1 459 95.4 96.1 93.2 1.7 141
<5 years complete 90.6 88.4 89.3 84.8 6.3 84 96.9 100.0 96.9 0.0 63
5-7 years complete 83.4 82.1 81.4 74.8 10.6 394 96.1 96.8 94.4 1.5 273
8-9 years complete 78.8 74.8 74.6 66.0 15.6 367 97.1 96.7 94.2 0.3 227
10-11 years complete 82.6 79.7 82.6 73.7 11.7 354 96.1 95.6 93.1 1.3 356
12 or more years complete 81.0 77.8 79.8 71.1 13.4 650 96.7 95.8 94.1 1.6 657

Employment (past 12 months)

Employed 84.3 81.9 82.3 75.5 10.7 508 96.3 96.1 93.8 1.4 1,639
Employed, for cash 85.8 83.4 83.7 76.9 9.0 416 96.6 96.3 94.1 1.3 1,579
Employed, not for cash 77.4 75.3 76.3 69.2 18.7 92 90.3 90.1 84.0 3.6 60
Not employed 81.0 77.7 79.8 70.8 13.0 1,801 99.0 99.6 98.6 0.0 78

Continued…
 Table 99 Decision making by background characteristics—Continued

Percentage of currently married women and men age 15-49 who usually make specific decisions either by themselves or jointly with their spouse, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of women who usually make specific decisions Percentage of men who usually make specific decisions
alone or jointly with their husband alone or jointly with their wife
Percentage
who
Making major Visits to her Percentage who participate Making major Percentage who Percentage who
Own household family or participate in all in none of the Number Own household participate in participate in Number
Background characteristic health care purchases relatives three decisions three decisions of women health care purchases both decisions neither decision of men

Number of living children

0 76.7 67.0 70.2 61.6 19.5 216 97.5 96.4 95.5 1.6 185
1-2 81.5 78.4 80.0 71.2 12.7 1,340 96.0 96.0 93.5 1.5 1,010
3-4 84.1 83.4 84.9 77.2 9.7 655 97.1 96.1 94.2 1.0 455
5 or more 80.4 74.4 77.5 67.1 12.5 98 95.7 100.0 95.7 0.0 66

Household structure1
Nuclear 86.4 86.3 86.4 79.4 7.7 893 97.1 97.4 94.7 0.2 642
Non-nuclear 78.8 73.7 76.6 67.1 15.5 1,415 96.0 95.5 93.5 2.0 1,075

175
Religion
Hindu 82.4 79.2 80.8 72.6 12.1 2,090 96.4 96.6 94.2 1.2 1,559
Muslim 69.2 67.1 69.5 55.1 19.3 130 96.4 94.9 92.9 1.6 103
Sikh 84.5 80.5 85.1 78.7 12.5 87 96.6 88.5 88.5 3.4 51

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 86.6 81.4 83.1 76.1 9.7 646 95.7 96.6 93.7 1.3 485
Other backward class 79.0 76.3 78.3 68.6 13.8 726 96.7 96.1 94.3 1.5 546
Other2 80.7 78.6 80.4 71.6 13.2 916 96.8 95.9 93.9 1.2 664

Total 81.7 78.6 80.4 71.9 12.5 2,309 96.5 96.2 94.0 1.3 1,716
Note: An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes women/men belonging to other religions and women/men belonging to scheduled tribe or who
don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1
Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted, or fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households
are non-nuclear households.
2 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class
Table 100 Women's access to money and credit

Percentage of women age 15-49 who have access to money, who know of a microcredit programme, who have taken a loan from a
microcredit programme, who are allowed to go to three specified places alone, and among women who own a mobile phone, percentage
who use it for financial transactions by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Women's knowledge and

use of microcredit
Women's access to money programmes
Percentage Percentage Percentage
who have Percentage who who have of women Percentage Number
money that have a bank or Percentage taken a loan allowed to who use of women
they can savings account who know of from a go to three mobile phone who have
decide how that they a microcredit microcredit specified Number of for financial a mobile
Background characteristic to use themselves use programme programme places alone1 women transactions phone

Age
15-19 37.4 61.2 27.6 0.9 30.7 472 37.4 108
20-24 54.3 69.3 32.9 1.6 41.5 572 39.2 333
25-29 57.8 75.3 33.8 4.0 43.1 533 33.2 322
30-39 62.1 78.4 35.6 7.3 55.9 934 25.3 553
40-49 66.2 77.9 37.1 7.5 62.9 698 25.0 301

Residence
Urban 64.3 76.3 30.3 4.0 57.6 1,034 39.2 673
Rural 53.9 72.4 35.7 5.2 44.9 2,175 24.3 944

Schooling
No schooling 52.5 68.0 33.2 7.5 45.5 514 8.1 115
<5 years complete 54.6 70.3 38.8 14.8 57.7 94 (10.1) 36
5-7 years complete 59.5 72.0 38.2 5.9 50.8 443 9.3 174
8-9 years complete 50.8 68.0 33.5 3.1 40.8 599 17.7 220
10-11 years complete 56.1 71.4 33.7 4.8 45.2 533 22.3 290
12 or more years
complete 63.2 81.9 32.4 3.2 56.0 1,025 46.1 783

Employment (past 12
months)
Employed 68.8 83.1 42.3 10.7 60.4 731 33.0 382
Employed, for cash 70.8 84.3 44.6 11.4 63.3 604 33.0 337
Employed, not for cash 59.7 77.4 30.9 7.3 46.8 126 32.9 46
Not employed 53.8 70.8 31.5 3.1 45.7 2,478 29.7 1,235

Number of living children

0 48.1 66.7 29.7 1.4 41.6 994 48.2 457
1-2 61.6 76.9 34.6 5.0 50.4 1,411 27.3 846
3-4 61.7 77.5 38.7 8.7 57.3 699 13.6 289
5 or more 55.2 69.0 33.6 10.3 45.4 105 (9.3) 24

Household structure2
Nuclear 56.8 74.5 32.9 5.7 54.4 1,415 30.8 702
Non-nuclear 57.6 73.0 34.7 4.2 44.8 1,795 30.3 916

Religion
Hindu 58.5 74.9 35.2 4.9 50.9 2,906 30.5 1,517
Muslim 40.0 56.0 17.1 2.9 20.8 185 (27.6) 38
Sikh 52.4 71.1 27.9 7.4 46.2 116 33.2 61

Continued…

176
Table 100 Women's access to money and credit—Continued

Percentage of women age 15-49 who have access to money, who know of a microcredit programme, who have taken a loan from a
microcredit programme, who are allowed to go to three specified places alone, and among women who own a mobile phone, percentage
who use it for financial transactions by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Women's knowledge and

use of microcredit
Women's access to money programmes
Percentage Percentage Percentage
who have Percentage who who have of women Percentage Number
money that have a bank or Percentage taken a loan allowed to who use of women
they can savings account who know of from a go to three mobile phone who have
decide how that they a microcredit microcredit specified Number of for financial a mobile
Background characteristic to use themselves use programme programme places alone1 women transactions phone

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 52.2 73.5 37.5 6.3 46.6 958 21.4 346
Other backward class 57.5 75.8 33.4 4.9 47.4 997 30.1 482
Other3 60.6 72.2 31.4 3.5 52.2 1,229 34.9 780

Total 57.2 73.6 33.9 4.8 49.0 3,209 30.5 1,617

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes women belonging to other religions and women belonging to scheduled
tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 To the market, to the health facility, and to places outside the village/community
2 Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted, or

fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.
3
Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

177
Table 101 Ownership of assets

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who own a house or land either alone or jointly, percentage of women who own a mobile phone
that they themselves use, and among women who own a mobile phone, percentage who can read SMS messages, according to background
characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Among women
who have a
Women Men
mobile phone,
Own a Own land Have a mobile percentage Own a Own land
Background house alone alone or phone that they Number who can read Number house alone alone or Number
characteristic or jointly jointly themselves use of women SMS messages of women or jointly jointly of men

Age
15-19 27.9 22.1 22.8 472 97.7 108 27.7 21.3 581
20-24 30.5 26.4 58.2 572 94.3 333 33.2 25.4 526
25-29 35.7 29.3 60.5 533 89.2 322 41.7 29.8 469
30-34 40.3 32.4 60.6 516 82.9 313 49.9 34.8 444
35-39 48.4 40.2 57.4 419 75.7 240 67.5 49.3 365
40-44 48.1 34.0 47.4 403 73.5 191 76.7 56.5 350
45-49 47.3 35.2 37.4 295 59.5 110 87.5 63.0 293

Residence
Urban 35.1 27.0 65.1 1,034 83.9 673 44.2 29.6 996
Rural 40.3 32.5 43.4 2,175 83.6 944 53.4 40.3 2,033

Religion
Hindu 38.0 30.1 52.2 2,906 84.3 1,517 49.6 36.7 2,763
Muslim 45.2 37.5 20.3 185 (59.5) 38 58.7 41.1 174
Sikh 43.9 35.1 52.3 116 83.3 61 54.1 28.6 84

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 40.8 30.0 36.1 958 75.0 346 49.1 30.5 847
Scheduled tribe * * * 16 * 7 (52.1) (42.4) 36
Other backward class 36.7 29.5 48.3 997 80.5 482 49.7 35.0 983
Other 38.3 32.5 63.5 1,229 89.5 780 51.8 42.6 1,155

Schooling
No schooling 45.6 34.8 22.4 514 8.2 115 68.3 44.6 178
<5 years complete 35.1 26.3 37.7 94 (38.3) 36 78.9 43.9 79
5-7 years complete 43.0 34.2 39.3 443 62.4 174 61.0 42.4 352
8-9 years complete 35.3 26.5 36.7 599 82.8 220 41.9 29.6 537
10-11 years complete 40.9 32.1 54.3 533 93.2 290 50.9 36.9 653
12 or more years
complete 34.4 29.5 76.4 1,025 98.4 783 46.3 36.7 1,229

Household structure1
Nuclear 39.4 30.4 49.6 1,415 79.8 702 55.3 38.7 1,337
Non-nuclear 38.0 31.0 51.0 1,795 86.8 916 46.5 35.3 1,691

Total age 15-49 38.6 30.8 50.4 3,209 83.7 1,617 50.4 36.8 3,029

Age 50-54 na na na na na na 94.4 63.3 195

Total age 15-54 na na na na na na 53.0 38.4 3,224

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has
been suppressed. Total includes women/men belonging to other religions and women/men who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
na = Not applicable
1 Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted or

fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.

178
Table 102 Gender role attitudes

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 with specific attitudes toward wife beating and refusal by a wife to have sex with her husband by
reason, and percentage of men age 15-49 who agree that a man can behave in specific ways if his wife refuses to have sex with him, according
to marital status, Haryana, 2019-21

Ever-married Never married Total

Reason/behaviour Women Men Women Men Women Men

Percentage who agree that a husband is justified in

hitting or beating his wife if:
She goes out without telling him 13.8 5.4 10.0 5.1 12.9 5.2
She neglects the house or children 16.6 6.1 13.0 5.6 15.7 5.9
She argues with him 15.9 7.2 11.0 6.7 14.7 7.0
She refuses to have sexual intercourse with him 8.7 3.4 6.2 3.5 8.1 3.5
She doesn't cook properly 11.2 3.3 9.3 3.7 10.8 3.5
He suspects her of being unfaithful 14.8 11.3 9.9 10.9 13.6 11.1
She shows disrespect for in-laws 23.1 13.7 19.0 15.5 22.1 14.5

Percentage who agree with at least one

specified reason 31.5 20.8 24.4 21.6 29.8 21.1

Percentage who agree that a wife is justified in refusing

to have sex with her husband when she:
Knows her husband has a sexually transmitted disease 93.3 91.7 84.4 89.0 91.2 90.5
Knows her husband has sex with other women 92.8 87.1 86.2 82.7 91.2 85.2
Is tired or not in the mood 91.5 84.2 84.0 82.8 89.7 83.6

Percentage who agree with all three reasons 88.6 79.3 79.6 75.8 86.4 77.8
Percentage who agree with none of the three reasons 4.4 5.5 11.4 7.7 6.1 6.4

Percentage who agree that when a wife refuses to have

sex with her husband, he has the right to:
Get angry and reprimand her na 15.5 na 13.3 na 14.6
Refuse to give her financial support na 11.9 na 9.5 na 10.9
Use force to have sex even if she doesn't want to na 11.6 na 8.8 na 10.4
Have sex with another woman na 12.2 na 9.3 na 11.0

Percentage who agree with all four behaviours na 8.9 na 6.9 na 8.1
Percentage who agree with none of the four behaviours na 81.3 na 84.3 na 82.5

Number of respondents 2,438 1,750 771 1,278 3,209 3,029

na = Not applicable

179
Table 103 Gender role attitudes by background characteristics

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who agree that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife for at least one specified reason,
who agree that a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband for all specified reasons, and percentage of men who agree that
when a wife refuses to have sex with her husband, the husband does not have the right to any of the four specified behaviours, by
background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who
agree that when
Percentage who a wife refuses to
agree that a husband Percentage who agree have sex with her
is justified in hitting that a wife is justified in husband, he does
or beating his wife refusing to have sex not have the right
for at least one with her husband for all to any of the four
specified reason1 specified reasons2 specified behaviours3 Number
Background characteristic Women Men Women Men Men Women Men

Age
15-19 24.7 22.5 75.8 74.4 77.9 472 581
20-24 26.4 21.6 87.4 77.0 81.4 572 526
25-29 28.1 22.0 89.5 77.9 82.5 533 469
30-39 31.9 21.1 88.9 79.2 81.4 934 809
40-49 34.4 18.9 87.1 80.0 79.4 698 644

Residence
Urban 27.3 17.7 87.5 81.2 80.6 1,034 996
Rural 30.9 22.8 85.9 76.2 80.3 2,175 2,033

Schooling
No schooling 40.6 27.9 81.6 78.1 77.0 514 178
<5 years complete 30.6 30.0 91.2 75.8 77.7 94 79
5-7 years complete 33.5 23.4 85.8 72.1 80.9 443 352
8-9 years complete 30.5 24.4 83.2 75.3 80.1 599 537
10-11 years complete 29.4 19.6 88.2 79.6 77.7 533 653
12 or more years complete 22.4 18.2 89.6 79.8 82.6 1,025 1,229

Employment (past 12 months)

Employed 35.3 21.2 85.8 78.9 80.7 731 2,212
Employed, for cash 33.1 20.9 86.4 79.7 81.0 604 2,119
Employed, not for cash 46.0 28.1 83.1 59.5 72.5 126 93
Not employed 28.1 20.8 86.6 75.1 79.8 2,478 817

Marital status
Never married 24.4 21.6 79.6 75.8 80.0 771 1,278
Currently married 31.5 20.5 88.4 79.2 81.0 2,309 1,716
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 30.0 (33.6) 90.6 (87.3) (72.2) 130 34

Number of living children

0 24.7 21.3 82.1 76.1 79.9 994 1,475
1-2 29.7 21.1 89.0 79.6 82.0 1,411 1,026
3-4 35.1 19.4 88.9 81.0 80.5 699 460
5 or more 43.4 28.8 75.0 68.5 68.6 105 67

Household structure4
Nuclear 32.0 22.0 84.9 78.0 80.0 1,415 1,337
Non-nuclear 28.0 20.4 87.6 77.7 80.8 1,795 1,691

Continued…

180
Table 103 Gender role attitudes by background characteristics—Continued

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who agree that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife for at least one specified reason,
who agree that a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband for all specified reasons, and percentage of men who agree that
when a wife refuses to have sex with her husband, the husband does not have the right to any of the four specified behaviours, by
background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who
agree that when
Percentage who a wife refuses to
agree that a husband Percentage who agree have sex with her
is justified in hitting that a wife is justified in husband, he does
or beating his wife refusing to have sex not have the right
for at least one with her husband for all to any of the four
specified reason1 specified reasons2 specified behaviours3 Number
Background characteristic Women Men Women Men Men Women Men

Religion
Hindu 28.7 20.4 87.6 78.0 80.8 2,906 2,763
Muslim 49.8 33.9 69.2 71.2 72.1 185 174
Sikh 25.1 19.2 84.5 88.0 83.0 116 84

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 29.5 22.6 86.4 76.9 77.9 958 847
Scheduled tribe * (15.7) * (75.7) (82.8) 16 36
Other backward class 31.9 20.5 84.4 75.3 81.1 997 983
Other 27.7 20.8 88.3 81.0 81.8 1,229 1,155

Total 29.8 21.1 86.4 77.8 80.4 3,209 3,029

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has
been suppressed. Total includes women/men belonging to other religions and women/men who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Specified reasons are: she goes out without telling him, she neglects the house or children, she argues with him, she refuses to have sexual intercourse with

him, she doesn't cook properly, he suspects she is unfaithful, and she shows disrespect for in-laws.
2
Specified reasons are: knows husband has a sexually transmitted disease, knows husband has sex with other women, and is tired or not in the mood.
3 Specified behaviours are: gets angry and reprimands her, refuses to give her financial support, uses force to have sex, and has sex with another woman.
4 Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted, or

fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.

181
Table 104 Experience of physical and sexual violence

Percentage of women age 18-49 who have ever experienced physical or sexual violence; among those who have
experienced physical violence, the person committing the violence; and among those who have experienced
sexual violence, the person committing the violence the first time, by marital status, Haryana, 2019-21

Type of violence/perpetrator Ever-married Never married Total

Type of violence experienced

Physical violence only 15.7 8.8 14.6
Sexual violence only 1.0 0.0 0.9
Physical and sexual violence 3.6 0.0 3.0
Physical or sexual violence 20.4 8.8 18.5

Number of women 1,755 329 2,084

Person committing physical violence1

Current husband 87.4 na 80.5
Former husband 1.1 na 1.0
Father/step-father 5.5 * 6.9
Mother/step-mother 10.7 * 15.2
Sister/brother 3.2 * 5.0
Daughter/son 0.2 * 0.1
Other relative 1.4 * 1.3
Mother-in-law 0.4 na 0.4
Father-in-law 0.4 na 0.4
Other-in-law 1.7 na 1.6
Teacher 1.4 * 2.3
Other 0.7 * 0.7

Number who experienced physical violence since age 15 339 29 368

Person committing sexual violence the first time

Current husband 91.2 na 91.2
Former husband 1.7 na 1.7
Other relative 2.1 nc 2.1
In-law 3.4 na 3.4
Teacher 0.8 nc 0.8
Other 0.8 nc 0.8

Number who experienced sexual violence 81 0 81

Note: All women were asked about their experience of physical violence since age 15. Ever-married women were also asked
about their experience of spousal physical violence at any age. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25
unweighted cases and has been suppressed.
na = Not applicable
nc = No cases
1 Women can report more than one person who committed the violence

182
Table 105 Experience of violence during pregnancy

Among women age 18-49 who have ever been pregnant,

percentage who have ever experienced physical violence during
pregnancy, by background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage who Number of

experienced women who
violence during have ever
Background characteristic pregnancy been pregnant

Age
20-24 0.4 155
25-29 2.0 296
30-39 2.3 682
40-49 1.0 517

Residence
Urban 2.5 523
Rural 1.2 1,156

Marital status
Currently married 1.5 1,600
Widowed/divorced/
separated/deserted 4.3 79

Number of living children

0 1.0 59
1-2 1.9 996
3-4 1.1 532
5 or more 1.4 92

Schooling
No schooling 1.1 364
<5 years complete 2.5 60
5-7 years complete 3.0 314
8-9 years complete 1.2 264
10-11 years complete 0.6 247
12 or more years complete 1.8 429

Religion
Hindu 1.7 1,519
Muslim 1.3 103
Sikh 0.3 56

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 2.0 476
Other backward class 1.2 534
Other1 1.5 655

Total 1.6 1,679

Note: Total includes women age 18-19, never married women, women
belonging to other religions, women belonging to scheduled tribe or
who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward

class

183
Table 106 Forms of spousal violence

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 who have experienced various forms of violence committed by their husband ever
and in the 12 months preceding the survey, Haryana, 2019-21

In the past 12 months

Often or
Type of violence Ever1 Often Sometimes sometimes

Physical violence
Any form of physical violence 17.0 2.4 9.9 12.3
Pushed her, shook her, or threw something at her 7.2 1.4 4.3 5.7
Twisted her arm or pulled her hair 6.2 1.2 3.7 4.9
Slapped her 15.2 1.3 8.8 10.1
Punched her with his fist or with something that could hurt her 4.6 0.8 2.6 3.4
Kicked her, dragged her, or beat her up 3.9 0.6 2.2 2.9
Tried to choke her or burn her on purpose 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.8
Threatened her or attacked her with a knife, gun, or any other weapon 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.6

Sexual violence
Any form of sexual violence 4.3 1.1 1.7 2.7
Physically forced her to have sexual intercourse with him even when
she did not want to 3.4 0.6 1.5 2.1
Physically forced her to perform any sexual acts she did not want to 1.5 0.6 0.4 1.0
Forced her with threats or in any other way to perform sexual acts she
did not want to 1.9 0.7 0.8 1.4

Emotional violence
Any form of emotional violence 10.7 2.7 6.0 8.7
Said or did something to humiliate her in front of others 8.3 1.9 4.5 6.4
Threatened to hurt or harm her or someone close to her 4.0 1.5 1.8 3.3
Insulted her or made her feel bad about herself 6.4 1.6 3.8 5.4

Any form of physical and/or sexual violence 18.2 2.9 10.2 13.1
Any form of physical and sexual violence 3.1 0.5 1.4 1.9
Any form of physical and/or sexual and/or emotional violence 21.1 4.0 11.7 15.6
Any form of physical and sexual and emotional violence 2.2 0.5 0.9 1.4

Any violence by women against their husband2 2.5 0.3 1.6 1.9

Number of ever-married women 1,755 1,755 1,755 1,755

Note: Husband refers to the current husband for currently married women and the most recent husband for widowed, divorced, separated, or
deserted women.
1 Includes in the past 12 months
2
Any violence by women against their husband when he was not already beating or physically hurting her

184
Table 107 Spousal violence by background characteristics

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 by whether they have ever experienced emotional, physical, or sexual violence
committed by their husband, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Physical Emotional,
Emotional Physical Sexual or sexual physical, or Number of
Background characteristic violence violence violence violence sexual violence women

Age
18-19 (5.1) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (5.1) 36
20-24 12.8 16.5 3.0 17.4 21.8 188
25-29 8.8 16.0 3.0 16.4 18.7 317
30-39 11.6 18.6 5.3 20.1 22.8 691
40-49 10.1 17.0 4.4 18.2 21.3 522

Residence
Urban 9.2 16.2 5.9 18.0 19.9 550
Rural 11.4 17.4 3.5 18.2 21.7 1,205

Schooling
No schooling 13.4 23.4 3.8 24.0 27.4 369
<5 years complete 10.3 12.0 3.9 12.0 13.4 64
5-7 years complete 11.3 24.0 7.5 27.3 29.2 321
8-9 years complete 12.0 18.1 4.3 18.9 23.4 287
10-11 years complete 11.3 14.7 3.5 14.7 18.4 255
12 or more years complete 6.9 8.4 2.8 9.4 11.6 460

Employment (past 12 months)

Not employed 9.1 15.7 2.8 16.2 18.7 1,307
Employed for cash 15.3 24.0 9.0 26.4 29.8 362
Employed not for cash 14.5 8.9 6.5 12.6 21.3 85

Marital status
Currently married 10.2 16.7 4.0 17.9 20.7 1,672
Widowed 10.4 13.2 4.0 13.2 19.1 71

Marital duration1
Married only once 10.6 16.7 4.1 17.8 20.8 1,725
0-4 years 8.1 10.6 2.3 11.5 14.3 286
5-9 years 10.4 14.2 2.5 14.8 17.4 296
10 or more years 11.3 18.9 5.0 20.2 23.4 1,142
Married more than once (12.6) (36.3) (11.4) (36.3) (36.3) 30

Number of living children

0 7.6 9.7 3.7 9.9 12.9 135
1-2 11.0 15.2 4.2 16.2 19.6 996
3-4 11.0 19.3 5.1 21.0 23.6 532
5 or more 9.3 34.4 0.9 35.3 35.3 92

Household structure2
Nuclear 9.3 20.0 4.7 21.6 23.6 714
Non-nuclear 11.6 15.0 4.0 15.8 19.4 1,041

Religion
Hindu 10.3 16.1 4.5 17.4 20.2 1,587
Muslim 20.2 35.7 3.1 35.9 40.1 105
Sikh 4.3 8.6 0.0 8.6 12.9 62

Continued…

185
Table 107 Spousal violence by background characteristics—Continued

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 by whether they have ever experienced emotional, physical, or sexual violence
committed by their husband, according to background characteristics, Haryana, 2019-21

Physical Emotional,
Emotional Physical Sexual or sexual physical, or Number of
Background characteristic violence violence violence violence sexual violence women

Caste/tribe
Scheduled caste 9.6 18.5 4.9 19.8 21.7 504
Other backward class 10.5 19.3 4.6 21.3 24.3 554
Other3 11.2 13.8 3.4 14.1 17.8 683

Respondent's father beat

her mother
Yes 26.7 39.9 13.9 44.0 48.8 129
No 8.8 14.4 3.2 15.3 18.0 1,570
Don't know 27.5 38.4 10.5 38.4 45.6 55

Total 10.7 17.0 4.3 18.2 21.1 1,755

Note: Husband refers to the current husband for currently married women and the most recent husband for widowed, divorced, separated, or
deserted women. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Total includes divorced/separated/deserted women, women
belonging to other religions, women belonging to scheduled tribe or who don’t know their caste/tribe, who are not shown separately.
1 Currently married women only
2
Nuclear households are households comprised of a married couple or a man or a woman living alone or with unmarried children (biological, adopted,
or fostered) with or without unrelated individuals. The remaining households are non-nuclear households.
3
Not belonging to scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, or other backward class

186
Table 108 Spousal violence by husband's characteristics and empowerment indicators

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 who have ever suffered emotional, physical, or sexual violence committed by their
husband, according to his characteristics, marital characteristics, and selected empowerment indicators, Haryana, 2019-21

Physical Emotional,
Emotional Physical Sexual or sexual physical, or Number of
Background characteristic violence violence violence violence sexual violence women

Husband's schooling
No schooling 13.9 24.8 3.6 24.8 27.0 172
<5 years complete 20.3 28.5 8.9 33.1 38.9 56
5-7 years complete 14.3 23.7 7.3 25.2 30.4 259
8-9 years complete 13.1 20.2 6.2 22.7 27.8 284
10-11 years complete 7.0 13.1 3.6 13.5 14.8 337
12 or more years complete 8.4 12.0 2.3 12.7 14.7 646

Husband's alcohol consumption

Does not drink 7.6 11.8 2.3 12.5 15.3 1,412
Drinks/never gets drunk 11.7 19.5 13.3 26.9 28.7 64
Gets drunk sometimes 22.5 38.1 9.7 40.7 46.0 217
Gets drunk often 38.2 60.0 19.9 60.0 60.0 61

Spousal age difference1

Wife older 4.6 12.8 2.0 13.7 15.0 101
Wife is same age 9.4 11.7 2.4 11.7 15.7 104
Wife 1-4 years younger 11.3 16.9 4.8 18.3 21.3 860
Wife 5-9 years younger 10.3 18.5 3.6 19.8 22.6 503
Wife 10 or more years younger 7.6 14.6 2.1 15.0 17.5 105

Spousal schooling difference

Husband has more schooling 11.5 17.4 3.8 18.7 22.2 907
Wife has more schooling 12.7 19.0 5.9 20.5 24.5 386
Both have equal schooling 5.4 11.0 4.2 11.7 12.7 341
Neither attended school 13.1 24.9 2.9 24.9 26.0 120

Number of marital control behaviours

displayed by husband2
0 4.7 9.5 1.4 9.8 12.2 1,151
1-2 12.7 22.0 5.7 25.1 28.8 366
3-4 26.3 39.8 12.1 42.5 46.0 160
5-6 56.5 57.8 24.4 59.6 64.7 78

Number of decisions in which

women participate3
0 22.3 31.9 5.6 32.5 36.3 208
1-2 13.6 22.5 8.4 25.5 27.4 264
3 7.4 12.8 2.7 13.6 16.6 1,200

Number of reasons for which wife

beating is justified4
0 7.2 10.9 3.0 11.9 14.7 1,206
1-2 12.0 25.6 4.3 26.1 29.1 264
3-4 20.8 39.9 8.6 40.4 44.3 110
5-6 28.6 34.0 9.0 36.7 41.7 88
7 23.6 30.4 11.7 33.2 35.5 87

Continued…

187
Table 108 Spousal violence by husband's characteristics and empowerment indicators—Continued

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 who have ever suffered emotional, physical, or sexual violence committed by their
husband, according to his characteristics, marital characteristics, and selected empowerment indicators, Haryana, 2019-21

Emotional,
Physical physical, or
Emotional Physical Sexual or sexual sexual Number of
Background characteristic violence violence violence violence violence women

Number of reasons given for refusing to

have sexual intercourse with husband5
0 20.2 39.4 5.9 39.4 40.8 67
1-2 19.4 29.2 9.7 33.2 40.3 128
3 9.5 15.1 3.8 16.0 18.7 1,560

Afraid of husband
Most of the time 25.8 38.6 13.1 40.4 42.5 197
Sometimes 9.9 16.6 3.4 18.0 21.4 1,149
Never 5.7 7.8 2.5 8.0 10.0 409

Total 10.7 17.0 4.3 18.2 21.1 1,755

Note: Husband refers to the current husband for currently married women and the most recent husband for widowed, divorced, separated, or
deserted women.
1 Currently married women only
2 Behaviours include: Is jealous or angry if she talks to other men, frequently accuses her of being unfaithful, does not permit her to meet her female

friends, tries to limit her contact with her family, insists on knowing where she is at all times, and does not trust her with any money
3
Currently married women only. Decisions included are decisions about own health care, major household purchases, and visits to her family or
relatives.
4 Reasons given for which wife beating is justified include: she goes out without telling him, she neglects the house or children, she argues with him,

she refuses to have sexual intercourse with him, she doesn't cook properly, he suspects she is unfaithful, and she shows disrespect for in-laws
5
Reasons given for refusing to have sexual intercourse with husband include: she knows her husband has a sexually transmitted disease, she knows
her husband has sex with other women, and she is tired or not in the mood

188
Table 109 Injuries to women due to spousal violence

Percentage of ever-married women age 18-49 who have experienced spousal violence by types of injuries resulting from what their
husband did to them, the type of violence, and whether they have experienced the violence ever and in the 12 months preceding
the survey, Haryana, 2019-21

Percentage of women who have had:

Deep wounds,
Eye injuries, broken bones,
Cuts, sprains, broken teeth, Any Number of
bruises, Severe dislocations, or any other of these ever-married
Type of spousal violence experienced or aches burns or minor burns serious injury injuries women

Experienced physical violence

Ever1 19.5 1.0 6.4 3.6 21.3 299
In the past 12 months 22.0 1.0 7.4 3.7 24.1 216

Experienced sexual violence

Ever1 30.9 2.0 14.0 6.9 35.9 75
In the past 12 months 34.6 1.7 10.9 4.0 37.7 48

Experienced physical or sexual violence

Ever1 18.3 0.9 6.0 3.3 20.0 319
In the past 12 months 21.3 0.9 7.0 3.5 23.3 229

Experienced physical and sexual violence

Ever1 41.8 2.8 19.0 9.3 48.5 55
In the past 12 months (44.5) (2.4) (15.3) (5.6) (48.8) 34

Note: Husband refers to the current husband for currently married women and the most recent husband for widowed, divorced, separated, or
deserted women. Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
1
Includes violence in the past 12 months

189
Table 110 Help seeking

Percentage of women age 18-49 who have ever experienced physical or sexual violence by whether
they have ever sought help, and among those who have sought help from any source, the source
from which help was sought, according to the type of violence experienced, Haryana, 2019-21

Type of violence
experienced
Both physical
Help seeking/source of help Physical only and sexual Total

Help seeking
Never sought help and never told anyone 83.8 61.8 79.3
Never sought help but told someone 8.6 13.4 10.4
Sought help 7.7 24.8 10.3

Number of women who experienced violence 305 63 386

Sources of help among those who sought any help1

Own family (68.1) * (69.9)
Husband's family (44.6) * (44.2)
Current/former husband (0.0) * (0.0)
Current/former boyfriend (0.0) * (0.0)
Friend (8.1) * (7.4)
Neighbour (13.7) * (16.3)
Religious leader (0.0) * (0.0)
Doctor/medical personnel (0.0) * (3.9)
Police (7.0) * (8.6)
Lawyer (0.0) * (0.0)
Social service organization (0.0) * (0.0)
Other (3.2) * (1.9)

Number of women who experienced violence and

sought help 23 16 40

Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. An asterisk indicates that a figure is based
on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. Total includes women who have experienced
sexual violence only, who are not shown separately.
1 Women can report more than one source from which they sought help.

190
 APPENDIX

ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) non-sampling errors,
and (2) sampling errors. Non-sampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing
data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household,
misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and
data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the fifth
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) to minimize this type of error, non-sampling errors are
impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents
selected in NFHS-5 is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same
population, using the same design and expected sample size. Each of these samples would yield
results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a
measure of the variability among all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not
known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic
(mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used
to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably
be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value
of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that
statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been
possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the NFHS-5
sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use
more complex formulae. The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for NFHS-5 is
programmed in SAS. This procedure uses the Taylor linearization method for variance estimation
for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is
used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as total fertility rates and child
mortality rates.

The Taylor linearization method treats any proportion or mean as a ratio estimate,
r = y/x, where y represents the total sample value for variable y, and x represents the total number
of cases in the group or subgroup under consideration. The variance of r is computed using the
formula given below, with the standard error being the square root of the variance:

1− f H  mh  mh 2 z h2 
SE 2 (r ) = var(r ) =
x2
    z hi −
h =1  mh − 1  i =1

mh 

in which

191
 z hi = y hi − rxhi z h = y h − rxh
, and

where h represents the stratum, which varies from 1 to H,

mh is the total number of clusters selected in the hth stratum,
yhi is the sum of the weighted values of variable y in the ith cluster in the hth stratum,
xhi is the sum of the weighted number of cases in the ith cluster in the hth stratum, and
f is the overall sampling fraction, which is so small that it is ignored.

The Jackknife repeated replication method derives estimates of complex rates from each of several
replications of the parent sample, and calculates standard errors for these estimates using simple
formulae. Each replication considers all but one cluster in the calculation of the estimates. Pseudo-
independent replications are thus created. In the NFHS-5 sample for Haryana, there were 924
clusters. Hence, 924 replications were created. The variance of a rate r is calculated as follows:

k
1
SE (r ) = var (r ) =
2
 (r − r )2
k ( k − 1) i =1 i

in which
ri = kr − (k −1)r(i )

where r is the estimate computed from the full sample of 924 clusters,
r(i) is the estimate computed from the reduced sample of 923 clusters (ith cluster
excluded), and
k is the total number of clusters.

In addition to the standard error, the design effect (DEFT) for each estimate is computed, which
is defined as the ratio between the standard error using the given sample design and the standard
error that would result if a simple random sample had been used. A DEFT value of 1.0 indicates
that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a value greater than 1.0
indicates the increase in the sampling error due to the use of a more complex and less statistically
efficient design. The relative standard error (SE/R) and confidence limits (R±2SE) for each
estimate are also computed.

Sampling errors for NFHS-5 are calculated for selected variables considered to be of primary
interest. The results are presented in this appendix for Haryana as a whole and for the urban and
rural areas of the state. For each variable, the type of statistic (mean, proportion, rate, or ratio)
and the base population are given in Table A.1, Tables A.2-A.4 present the total, urban, and rural
values of the statistic (R), their standard errors (SE), the number of unweighted (N) and weighted
(WN) cases, the design effect (DEFT), the relative standard error (SE/R), and the 95 percent
confidence limits (R±2SE) for each variable. The DEFT is considered undefined when the standard
error for a simple random sample is zero (when the estimate is close to 0 or 1).

192
Table A.1 List of variables for sampling errors, Haryana, 2019-21
Variable Estimate Base population
HOUSEHOLDS
Using an improved source of drinking water Proportion Households
Using an improved sanitation facility Proportion Households
Using iodized salt Proportion Households
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) Ratio De facto household population, all ages
WOMEN
No schooling (Females age 6 years and above) Proportion De facto household population of females age 6 and above
Urban residence Proportion Women age 15-49
No schooling (Women age 15-49) Proportion Women age 15-49
Completed 10 or more years of schooling Proportion Women age 15-49
Never married, including married gauna not performed Proportion Women age 15-49
Currently married Proportion Women age 15-49
Married before age 18 Proportion Women age 20-49
Currently using any contraceptive method Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using a modern contraceptive method Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using a traditional contraceptive method Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using pill Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using IUD/PPIUD Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using condom/Nirodh Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Currently using female sterilization Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Using public health sector source of contraception Proportion Women age 15-49 currently using modern methods of contraception
Unmet need for family planning Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Want no more children Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years Proportion Currently married women age 15-49
Mother received four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits Proportion Women with at least one birth in last five years (last birth)
Took iron and folic acid (IFA) for 100 days or more Proportion Women with at least one birth in last five years (last birth)
Birth registration Proportion De jure children under age 5 years
Births delivered by a skilled provider Proportion Births in last 5 years
Institutional delivery Proportion Births in last 5 years
Postnatal check for mother within 2 days of birth Proportion Women with at least one birth in last five years (last birth)
Postnatal check for newborn within 2 days of birth Proportion Women with at least one birth in last five years (last birth)
Exclusive breastfeeding Proportion Children under age 6 months
Children with diarrhoea in the last two weeks Proportion Children under age 5 years
Treated with oral rehydration salt (ORS) packets Proportion Children under age 5 years with diarrhoea in last 2 weeks
Children with diarrhoea taken to a health provider Proportion Children under age 5 years with diarrhoea in last 2 weeks
Child received BCG vaccination Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Child received penta or DPT vaccination (3 doses) Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Child received polio vaccination (3 doses) Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Child received first dose of measles vaccine Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Child received penta or hepatitis B vaccination (3 doses) Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Child with all basic vaccinations Proportion Children age 12-23 months
Height-for-age, stunting (below -2SD) Proportion Children under age 5 years who were measured
Weight-for-height, wasting (below -2SD) Proportion Children under age 5 years who were measured
Weight-for-age, underweight (below -2SD) Proportion Children under age 5 years who were measured
Children with any anaemia Proportion Children age 6-59 months with an anaemia test
Women with any anaemia Proportion Women age 15-49 with an anaemia test
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 Proportion Women age 15-49 who were measured
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 Proportion Women age 15-49 who were measured
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85 Proportion Women age 15-49 who were measured
Have heard of HIV or AIDS Proportion Women age 15-49
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS Proportion Women age 15-49
Ever experienced physical or sexual violence Proportion Women age 15-49
Total fertility rate (last 3 years) Rate Women
Neonatal mortality Rate Births in last 5 years
Postneonatal mortality Rate Births in last 5 years
Infant mortality Rate Births in last 5 years
Child mortality Rate Births in last 5 years
Under-five mortality Rate Births in last 5 years
MEN
No schooling (Males age 6 years and above) Proportion De facto household population of males age 6 and above
Urban residence Proportion Men age 15-49
No schooling (Men age 15-49) Proportion Men age 15-49
Completed 10 or more years of schooling Proportion Men age 15-49
Never married, including married gauna not performed Proportion Men age 15-49
Currently married Proportion Men age 15-49
Married before age 21 Proportion Men age 25-49
Want no more children Proportion Currently married men age 15-49
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years Proportion Currently married men age 15-49
Men with any anaemia Proportion Men age 15-49 with an anaemia test
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 Proportion Men age 15-49 who were measured
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 Proportion Men age 15-49 who were measured
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.90 Proportion Men age 15-49 who were measured
Have heard of HIV or AIDS Proportion Men age 15-49
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS Proportion Men age 15-49

193
Table A.2 Sampling errors: Total sample, Haryana, 2019-21
Relative Confidence limits
Number of cases
Standard Design standard
Value error Unweighted Weighted effect error
Variable (R) (SE) (N) (WN) (DEFT) (SE/R) R-2SE R+2SE
HOUSEHOLDS
Using an improved source of drinking water 0.986 0.002 18,229 18,229 1.995 0.002 0.983 0.990
Using an improved sanitation facility 0.831 0.006 18,229 18,229 2.055 0.007 0.819 0.842
Using iodized salt 0.961 0.002 18,132 18,137 1.369 0.002 0.957 0.965
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) 925.579 5.429 45,674 45,412 1.275 0.006 914.722 936.436
WOMEN
No schooling (Females age 6 years and above) 0.262 0.003 38,479 38,106 1.476 0.012 0.255 0.268
Urban residence 0.337 0.006 21,909 21,909 1.731 0.016 0.326 0.348
No schooling (Women age 15-49) 0.159 0.004 21,909 21,909 1.478 0.023 0.152 0.167
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.495 0.006 21,909 21,909 1.919 0.013 0.482 0.508
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.242 0.003 21,909 21,909 1.075 0.013 0.236 0.248
Currently married 0.718 0.003 21,909 21,909 1.099 0.005 0.712 0.725
Married before age 18 0.312 0.005 18,452 18,471 1.368 0.015 0.303 0.321
Currently using any contraceptive method 0.731 0.005 15,752 15,739 1.415 0.007 0.721 0.741
Currently using a modern contraceptive method 0.605 0.006 15,752 15,739 1.442 0.009 0.594 0.617
Currently using a traditional contraceptive method 0.126 0.004 15,752 15,739 1.470 0.031 0.118 0.134
Currently using pill 0.028 0.001 15,752 15,739 1.110 0.052 0.025 0.031
Currently using IUD/PPIUD 0.049 0.002 15,752 15,739 1.259 0.044 0.045 0.054
Currently using condom/Nirodh 0.181 0.004 15,752 15,739 1.362 0.023 0.172 0.189
Currently using female sterilization 0.323 0.005 15,752 15,739 1.305 0.015 0.314 0.333
Using public health sector source of contraception 0.617 0.007 9,782 9,881 1.453 0.012 0.603 0.631
Unmet need for family planning 0.076 0.003 15,752 15,739 1.241 0.035 0.070 0.081
Want no more children 0.750 0.004 15,752 15,739 1.164 0.005 0.742 0.758
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.088 0.003 15,752 15,739 1.200 0.031 0.083 0.094
Mother received four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits 0.604 0.010 5,162 5,126 1.523 0.017 0.583 0.625
Took iron and folic acid (IFA) for 100 days or more 0.512 0.011 5,162 5,126 1.530 0.021 0.491 0.534
Birth registration 0.951 0.004 7,107 7,014 1.403 0.005 0.942 0.960
Births delivered by a skilled provider 0.944 0.006 6,915 6,848 1.782 0.006 0.932 0.956
Institutional delivery 0.949 0.005 6,915 6,848 1.571 0.005 0.939 0.959
Postnatal check for mother within 2 days of birth 0.931 0.005 5,162 5,126 1.334 0.005 0.922 0.941
Postnatal check for newborn within 2 days of birth 0.924 0.005 5,162 5,126 1.276 0.005 0.914 0.933
Exclusive breastfeeding 0.696 0.018 732 729 1.066 0.026 0.660 0.732
Children with diarrhoea in the last two weeks 0.049 0.003 6,664 6,605 1.180 0.065 0.043 0.056
Treated with oral rehydration salt (ORS) packets 0.466 0.029 337 326 1.044 0.063 0.408 0.525
Children with diarrhoea taken to a health provider 0.761 0.025 337 326 1.033 0.032 0.712 0.810
Child received BCG vaccination 0.949 0.006 1,313 1,298 0.941 0.006 0.938 0.961
Child received penta or DPT vaccination (3 doses) 0.885 0.010 1,313 1,298 1.135 0.011 0.864 0.905
Child received polio vaccination (3 doses) 0.806 0.013 1,313 1,298 1.161 0.016 0.780 0.831
Child received first dose of measles vaccine 0.894 0.010 1,313 1,298 1.144 0.011 0.874 0.913
Child received penta or hepatitis B vaccination (3 doses) 0.874 0.010 1,313 1,298 1.108 0.012 0.854 0.895
Child with all basic vaccinations 0.769 0.014 1,313 1,298 1.194 0.018 0.741 0.797
Height-for-age, stunting (below -2SD) 0.275 0.007 6,036 5,961 1.159 0.026 0.261 0.289
Weight-for-height, wasting (below -2SD) 0.115 0.005 5,983 5,912 1.110 0.041 0.106 0.125
Weight-for-age, underweight (below -2SD) 0.215 0.007 6,131 6,056 1.144 0.030 0.201 0.228
Children with any anaemia 0.704 0.008 4,648 4,679 1.163 0.011 0.688 0.720
Women with any anaemia 0.604 0.005 20,432 20,380 1.455 0.008 0.594 0.614
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.151 0.003 19,757 19,725 1.225 0.021 0.145 0.157
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.331 0.004 19,757 19,725 1.320 0.013 0.322 0.339
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85 0.625 0.007 19,594 19,559 2.040 0.011 0.611 0.640
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.884 0.009 3,270 3,209 1.672 0.011 0.866 0.903
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.197 0.011 3,270 3,209 1.629 0.057 0.175 0.220
Ever experienced physical or sexual violence 0.185 0.012 2,084 2,084 1.371 0.063 0.162 0.209
Total fertility rate (last 3 years) 1.913 0.036 62,616 62,621 1.208 0.019 1.840 1.986
Neonatal mortality 21.641 1.940 6,927 6,864 1.064 0.090 17.761 25.520
Postneonatal mortality 11.698 1.402 6,933 6,870 1.021 0.120 8.894 14.502
Infant mortality 33.339 2.387 6,931 6,869 1.057 0.072 28.566 38.112
Child mortality 5.555 0.914 6,993 6,907 0.966 0.165 3.727 7.384
Under-five mortality 38.709 2.632 6,943 6,879 1.056 0.068 33.446 43.973
MEN
No schooling (Males age 6 years and above) 0.098 0.002 41,200 41,035 1.459 0.023 0.094 0.103
Urban residence 0.329 0.016 3,022 3,029 1.820 0.047 0.298 0.360
No schooling (Men age 15-49) 0.059 0.006 3,022 3,029 1.374 0.100 0.047 0.070
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.621 0.012 3,022 3,029 1.307 0.019 0.598 0.645
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.422 0.010 3,022 3,029 1.129 0.024 0.402 0.442
Currently married 0.567 0.010 3,022 3,029 1.153 0.018 0.546 0.588
Married before age 21 0.257 0.010 1,909 1,922 1.009 0.039 0.237 0.277
Want no more children 0.744 0.011 1,703 1,716 1.064 0.015 0.721 0.766
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.094 0.008 1,703 1,716 1.161 0.087 0.078 0.110
Men with any anaemia 0.190 0.010 2,714 2,688 1.266 0.054 0.169 0.210
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.145 0.007 2,762 2,735 0.956 0.047 0.132 0.159
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.283 0.011 2,762 2,735 1.160 0.038 0.262 0.305
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.90 0.583 0.015 2,761 2,734 1.538 0.025 0.554 0.612
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.965 0.005 3,022 3,029 1.525 0.005 0.955 0.976
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.364 0.015 3,022 3,029 1.739 0.042 0.334 0.394

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Table A.3 Sampling errors: Urban sample, Haryana, 2019-21
Relative Confidence limits
Number of cases
Standard Design standard
Value error Unweighted Weighted effect error
Variable (R) (SE) (N) (WN) (DEFT) (SE/R) R-2SE R+2SE
HOUSEHOLDS
Using an improved source of drinking water 0.994 0.002 5,745 6,421 1.434 0.002 0.991 0.997
Using an improved sanitation facility 0.838 0.013 5,745 6,421 2.591 0.015 0.813 0.864
Using iodized salt 0.951 0.004 5,683 6,359 1.412 0.004 0.943 0.959
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) 911.461 11.085 13,511 15,034 1.454 0.012 889.291 933.632
WOMEN
No schooling (Females age 6 years and above) 0.176 0.007 11,383 12,533 1.923 0.038 0.163 0.190
No schooling (Women age 15-49) 0.112 0.007 6,625 7,391 1.745 0.060 0.098 0.125
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.601 0.015 6,625 7,391 2.517 0.025 0.571 0.632
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.266 0.006 6,625 7,391 1.132 0.023 0.254 0.278
Currently married 0.695 0.007 6,625 7,391 1.154 0.009 0.681 0.708
Married before age 18 0.252 0.009 5,662 6,324 1.534 0.035 0.234 0.269
Currently using any contraceptive method 0.735 0.010 4,570 5,133 1.471 0.013 0.716 0.755
Currently using a modern contraceptive method 0.590 0.011 4,570 5,133 1.524 0.019 0.568 0.612
Currently using a traditional contraceptive method 0.145 0.008 4,570 5,133 1.490 0.053 0.130 0.161
Currently using pill 0.029 0.003 4,570 5,133 1.107 0.095 0.023 0.034
Currently using IUD/PPIUD 0.050 0.004 4,570 5,133 1.359 0.088 0.041 0.059
Currently using condom/Nirodh 0.246 0.009 4,570 5,133 1.457 0.038 0.227 0.264
Currently using female sterilization 0.241 0.009 4,570 5,133 1.457 0.038 0.223 0.260
Using public health sector source of contraception 0.474 0.014 2,737 3,117 1.448 0.029 0.446 0.502
Unmet need for family planning 0.077 0.005 4,570 5,133 1.270 0.065 0.067 0.087
Want no more children 0.749 0.008 4,570 5,133 1.254 0.011 0.733 0.765
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.098 0.006 4,570 5,133 1.339 0.060 0.086 0.110
Mother received four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits 0.630 0.019 1,435 1,583 1.501 0.031 0.592 0.669
Took iron and folic acid (IFA) for 100 days or more 0.507 0.020 1,435 1,583 1.479 0.039 0.467 0.546
Birth registration 0.957 0.006 1,843 2,033 1.138 0.006 0.946 0.969
Births delivered by a skilled provider 0.955 0.009 1,800 1,985 1.576 0.009 0.938 0.973
Institutional delivery 0.961 0.009 1,800 1,985 1.663 0.010 0.943 0.979
Postnatal check for mother within 2 days of birth 0.933 0.008 1,435 1,583 1.255 0.009 0.917 0.950
Postnatal check for newborn within 2 days of birth 0.932 0.008 1,435 1,583 1.259 0.009 0.916 0.949
Exclusive breastfeeding 0.703 0.035 184 206 1.023 0.049 0.634 0.772
Children with diarrhoea in the last two weeks 0.048 0.006 1,737 1,920 1.164 0.125 0.036 0.060
Treated with oral rehydration salt (ORS) packets 0.522 0.056 89 93 1.013 0.107 0.410 0.634
Children with diarrhoea taken to a health provider 0.707 0.050 89 93 0.998 0.070 0.608 0.807
Child received BCG vaccination 0.959 0.011 334 367 0.974 0.011 0.938 0.980
Child received penta or DPT vaccination (3 doses) 0.889 0.020 334 367 1.151 0.023 0.849 0.929
Child received polio vaccination (3 doses) 0.778 0.028 334 367 1.227 0.036 0.722 0.835
Child received first dose of measles vaccine 0.894 0.019 334 367 1.091 0.021 0.857 0.931
Child received penta or hepatitis B vaccination (3 doses) 0.878 0.021 334 367 1.146 0.024 0.837 0.920
Child with all basic vaccinations 0.743 0.030 334 367 1.244 0.041 0.683 0.803
Height-for-age, stunting (below -2SD) 0.261 0.014 1,557 1,713 1.171 0.054 0.233 0.289
Weight-for-height, wasting (below -2SD) 0.108 0.009 1,542 1,692 1.119 0.083 0.090 0.126
Weight-for-age, underweight (below -2SD) 0.205 0.013 1,579 1,734 1.189 0.064 0.179 0.231
Children with any anaemia 0.681 0.014 1,285 1,422 1.067 0.021 0.652 0.709
Women with any anaemia 0.574 0.009 6,072 6,754 1.476 0.016 0.555 0.593
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.114 0.005 5,917 6,578 1.250 0.045 0.104 0.124
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.375 0.009 5,917 6,578 1.414 0.024 0.357 0.392
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85 0.646 0.013 5,850 6,501 2.130 0.021 0.619 0.672
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.892 0.019 944 1,034 1.874 0.021 0.854 0.930
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.220 0.022 944 1,034 1.632 0.100 0.176 0.264
Ever experienced physical or sexual violence 0.169 0.024 617 677 1.591 0.142 0.121 0.217
Total fertility rate (last 3 years) 1.651 0.057 19,014 21,233 1.243 0.035 1.536 1.766
Neonatal mortality 18.951 3.367 1,799 1,986 1.045 0.178 12.216 25.685
Postneonatal mortality 9.644 2.705 1,804 1,994 1.039 0.280 4.235 15.054
Infant mortality 28.595 4.331 1,801 1,989 1.045 0.151 19.932 37.258
Child mortality 7.618 2.071 1,820 2,009 0.920 0.272 3.477 11.760
Under-five mortality 35.996 5.148 1,801 1,989 1.031 0.143 25.699 46.292
MEN
No schooling (Males age 6 years and above) 0.066 0.004 12,376 13,786 1.575 0.056 0.059 0.074
No schooling (Men age 15-49) 0.048 0.011 878 996 1.519 0.229 0.026 0.070
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.650 0.025 878 996 1.546 0.038 0.600 0.700
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.434 0.019 878 996 1.121 0.043 0.396 0.471
Currently married 0.556 0.019 878 996 1.141 0.034 0.518 0.595
Married before age 21 0.226 0.018 568 645 1.028 0.080 0.190 0.262
Want no more children 0.737 0.025 481 554 1.233 0.034 0.687 0.786
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.113 0.019 481 554 1.292 0.165 0.076 0.151
Men with any anaemia 0.161 0.019 792 878 1.375 0.118 0.123 0.199
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.150 0.014 808 894 1.074 0.094 0.122 0.178
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.302 0.019 808 894 1.118 0.064 0.263 0.341
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.90 0.595 0.027 805 891 1.518 0.045 0.541 0.648
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.967 0.009 878 996 1.408 0.009 0.949 0.984
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.393 0.027 878 996 1.665 0.070 0.338 0.448

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Table A.4 Sampling errors: Rural sample, Haryana, 2019-21
Relative Confidence limits
Number of cases
Standard Design standard
Value error Unweighted Weighted effect error
Variable (R) (SE) (N) (WN) (DEFT) (SE/R) R-2SE R+2SE
HOUSEHOLDS
Using an improved source of drinking water 0.982 0.003 12,484 11,808 2.139 0.003 0.977 0.987
Using an improved sanitation facility 0.826 0.006 12,484 11,808 1.647 0.007 0.815 0.837
Using iodized salt 0.966 0.002 12,449 11,778 1.308 0.002 0.962 0.971
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) 932.565 5.943 32,163 30,379 1.159 0.006 920.680 944.451
WOMEN
No schooling (Females age 6 years and above) 0.304 0.003 27,096 25,573 1.299 0.011 0.297 0.311
No schooling (Women age 15-49) 0.184 0.004 15,284 14,518 1.378 0.023 0.175 0.192
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.441 0.006 15,284 14,518 1.540 0.014 0.429 0.454
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.230 0.004 15,284 14,518 1.033 0.015 0.223 0.237
Currently married 0.730 0.004 15,284 14,518 1.059 0.005 0.723 0.738
Married before age 18 0.343 0.005 12,790 12,146 1.288 0.016 0.333 0.354
Currently using any contraceptive method 0.729 0.006 11,182 10,605 1.374 0.008 0.718 0.741
Currently using a modern contraceptive method 0.613 0.006 11,182 10,605 1.394 0.010 0.600 0.626
Currently using a traditional contraceptive method 0.117 0.004 11,182 10,605 1.453 0.038 0.108 0.126
Currently using pill 0.028 0.002 11,182 10,605 1.103 0.062 0.024 0.031
Currently using IUD/PPIUD 0.049 0.002 11,182 10,605 1.189 0.049 0.044 0.054
Currently using condom/Nirodh 0.149 0.004 11,182 10,605 1.245 0.028 0.141 0.158
Currently using female sterilization 0.363 0.006 11,182 10,605 1.272 0.016 0.352 0.375
Using public health sector source of contraception 0.683 0.008 7,045 6,765 1.423 0.012 0.667 0.699
Unmet need for family planning 0.075 0.003 11,182 10,605 1.218 0.040 0.069 0.081
Want no more children 0.750 0.005 11,182 10,605 1.102 0.006 0.741 0.759
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.083 0.003 11,182 10,605 1.081 0.034 0.078 0.089
Mother received four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits 0.592 0.012 3,727 3,543 1.536 0.021 0.567 0.617
Took iron and folic acid (IFA) for 100 days or more 0.515 0.013 3,727 3,543 1.551 0.025 0.489 0.540
Birth registration 0.949 0.006 5,264 4,981 1.492 0.006 0.937 0.960
Births delivered by a skilled provider 0.940 0.007 5,115 4,863 1.857 0.008 0.925 0.954
Institutional delivery 0.944 0.006 5,115 4,863 1.551 0.006 0.932 0.956
Postnatal check for mother within 2 days of birth 0.930 0.006 3,727 3,543 1.371 0.006 0.919 0.942
Postnatal check for newborn within 2 days of birth 0.920 0.006 3,727 3,543 1.286 0.006 0.909 0.931
Exclusive breastfeeding 0.693 0.021 548 523 1.087 0.031 0.650 0.736
Children with diarrhoea in the last two weeks 0.050 0.004 4,927 4,685 1.190 0.076 0.042 0.057
Treated with oral rehydration salt (ORS) packets 0.444 0.034 248 233 1.070 0.077 0.375 0.513
Children with diarrhoea taken to a health provider 0.783 0.028 248 233 1.037 0.035 0.727 0.838
Child received BCG vaccination 0.946 0.007 979 931 0.936 0.007 0.932 0.959
Child received penta or DPT vaccination (3 doses) 0.883 0.012 979 931 1.132 0.013 0.859 0.906
Child received polio vaccination (3 doses) 0.816 0.014 979 931 1.112 0.017 0.789 0.844
Child received first dose of measles vaccine 0.894 0.012 979 931 1.168 0.013 0.871 0.917
Child received penta or hepatitis B vaccination (3 doses) 0.873 0.012 979 931 1.094 0.013 0.849 0.896
Child with all basic vaccinations 0.779 0.015 979 931 1.158 0.020 0.748 0.810
Height-for-age, stunting (below -2SD) 0.280 0.008 4,479 4,248 1.164 0.030 0.264 0.297
Weight-for-height, wasting (below -2SD) 0.118 0.006 4,441 4,219 1.114 0.047 0.107 0.130
Weight-for-age, underweight (below -2SD) 0.218 0.008 4,552 4,322 1.135 0.034 0.203 0.233
Children with any anaemia 0.715 0.010 3,363 3,257 1.202 0.013 0.695 0.734
Women with any anaemia 0.619 0.006 14,360 13,626 1.432 0.009 0.607 0.631
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.169 0.004 13,840 13,148 1.226 0.023 0.161 0.177
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.308 0.005 13,840 13,148 1.275 0.016 0.298 0.318
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85 0.615 0.008 13,744 13,058 1.981 0.013 0.599 0.632
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.881 0.010 2,326 2,175 1.557 0.012 0.860 0.902
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.187 0.013 2,326 2,175 1.611 0.070 0.161 0.213
Ever experienced physical or sexual violence 0.193 0.013 1,467 1,407 1.251 0.067 0.167 0.219
Total fertility rate (last 3 years) 2.041 0.045 43,602 41,388 1.182 0.022 1.950 2.131
Neonatal mortality 22.738 2.361 5,128 4,878 1.079 0.104 18.015 27.461
Postneonatal mortality 12.538 1.641 5,129 4,876 1.023 0.131 9.255 15.821
Infant mortality 35.276 2.861 5,130 4,881 1.069 0.081 29.554 40.998
Child mortality 4.687 0.964 5,173 4,898 0.985 0.206 2.759 6.615
Under-five mortality 39.798 3.058 5,142 4,890 1.071 0.077 33.681 45.915
MEN
No schooling (Males age 6 years and above) 0.115 0.003 28,824 27,248 1.434 0.024 0.109 0.120
No schooling (Men age 15-49) 0.064 0.007 2,144 2,033 1.323 0.109 0.050 0.078
Completed 10 or more years of schooling 0.607 0.012 2,144 2,033 1.178 0.020 0.583 0.632
Never married, including married gauna not performed 0.417 0.012 2,144 2,033 1.116 0.029 0.393 0.440
Currently married 0.572 0.012 2,144 2,033 1.145 0.021 0.547 0.596
Married before age 21 0.272 0.012 1,341 1,277 1.002 0.045 0.248 0.297
Want no more children 0.747 0.012 1,222 1,162 0.934 0.016 0.724 0.770
Want to delay next birth at least 2 years 0.085 0.008 1,222 1,162 1.021 0.096 0.069 0.101
Men with any anaemia 0.204 0.012 1,922 1,810 1.241 0.061 0.179 0.228
Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 0.143 0.008 1,954 1,841 0.882 0.053 0.128 0.158
Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 0.274 0.013 1,954 1,841 1.189 0.047 0.248 0.300
Waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.90 0.577 0.017 1,956 1,842 1.538 0.030 0.542 0.611
Have heard of HIV or AIDS 0.965 0.006 2,144 2,033 1.582 0.007 0.952 0.977
Have comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS 0.350 0.018 2,144 2,033 1.761 0.052 0.313 0.386

196
 Haryana
National Family Health Survey 2019-21
Technical assistance and additional funding for NFHS-5 was provided by the USAID-supported Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)
Program, ICF, USA. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

The opinions in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies.
For additional information on NFHS-5, visit http://www.iipsindia.ac.in or http://www.mohfw.gov.in