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Information Processing Theory

Information Processing Theory likens the human mind to a computer, focusing on how information is input, processed, stored, and retrieved. Key concepts include sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, encoding, and retrieval, with historical roots in the 1950s-1970s influenced by computer technology. In education, techniques such as repetition, organization of lessons, and the use of visual aids are recommended to enhance learning and memory retention.

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Deguzman, Lance Lorenz
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11 views2 pages

Information Processing Theory

Information Processing Theory likens the human mind to a computer, focusing on how information is input, processed, stored, and retrieved. Key concepts include sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, encoding, and retrieval, with historical roots in the 1950s-1970s influenced by computer technology. In education, techniques such as repetition, organization of lessons, and the use of visual aids are recommended to enhance learning and memory retention.

Uploaded by

Deguzman, Lance Lorenz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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5.

Information Processing Theory

Main Idea:
This theory compares the human mind to a computer. Learning is how the brain takes in
information (input), stores it, processes it, and retrieves it (output).
Focus is on how learners think, remember, and solve problems.

💡 Key Concepts:

 Sensory Memory – Where information briefly enters through senses.

 Short-Term (Working) Memory – Holds info for a short time (around 15–30 seconds).

 Long-Term Memory – Stores info permanently; unlimited capacity.

 Encoding – The process of transferring information from short-term to long-term


memory.

 Retrieval – Accessing stored information when needed.

🔍 Historical Background:

 Developed in the 1950s–1970s.

 Influenced by the rise of computer technology.

 Main contributors:

o Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968) – Proposed the multi-store model of memory.

o Robert Gagné – Linked this theory to how instruction should be structured for
effective learning.

👨‍🏫 Applications in Education:

 Use repetition, chunking, and mnemonics to help with memory.

 Organize lessons in a clear and logical order.

 Give students time to process and rehearse information.

 Use visual aids, summaries, and retrieval practice.


✅ Example in Class:

A teacher gives a short lecture, then lets students summarize the key points in groups and use a
mind map—helping them encode and store information in long-term memory.

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