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Circuit Explanation

The document explains the principles of voltage, current, and resistance in series and parallel circuits. In series circuits, total voltage is the sum of individual voltages, current remains constant, and total resistance is the sum of resistances. In parallel circuits, voltage is constant across components, total current is the sum of individual currents, and total resistance is calculated using the reciprocal formula.

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7 views1 page

Circuit Explanation

The document explains the principles of voltage, current, and resistance in series and parallel circuits. In series circuits, total voltage is the sum of individual voltages, current remains constant, and total resistance is the sum of resistances. In parallel circuits, voltage is constant across components, total current is the sum of individual currents, and total resistance is calculated using the reciprocal formula.

Uploaded by

svelpree
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding Voltage, Current, and Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits

1. Series Circuits:
- Voltage: The total voltage is the sum of the voltages across each component.
V_total = V1 + V2 + V3 + ...
- Current: The current is the same through all components.
I_total = I1 = I2 = I3 = ...
- Resistance: The total resistance is the sum of the resistances.
R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...

Example:
If R1 = 2 Ohm, R2 = 3 Ohm, and R3 = 5 Ohm, then R_total = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10 Ohm.
If the voltage source is 10V, then I = V / R = 10 / 10 = 1A.

2. Parallel Circuits:
- Voltage: The voltage is the same across all components.
V_total = V1 = V2 = V3 = ...
- Current: The total current is the sum of the currents through each component.
I_total = I1 + I2 + I3 + ...
- Resistance: The total resistance is found using the reciprocal formula.
1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + ...

Example:
If R1 = 2 Ohm, R2 = 3 Ohm, and R3 = 6 Ohm, then:
1/R_total = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 1
R_total = 1 Ohm
If the voltage source is 6V, then I = V / R = 6 / 1 = 6A.

3. Diagrams:
- Series Circuit: [Battery]---[R1]---[R2]---[R3]
- Parallel Circuit: [Battery]---+---[R1]---+
| |
+---[R2]---+
| |
+---[R3]---+

These principles are fundamental in understanding how electrical circuits behave and are
essential for designing and analyzing circuit systems.

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