PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO

MODE - verbal, nonverbal, and visual

LANGUAGE - dynamic human capacity
LINGUISTS - agree that language can only be called VERBAL - NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
a language if it has; requirements for identifying a ● Needed for effective communication
means of communication as language: VERBAL - refers to the spoken and written words to
● GRAMMAR - system of rules convey information and message to others
● PHONOLOGY - sound system NONVERBAL - the transfer of information through
● LEXICON - vocabulary body language, facial expressions, gestures, created
space and more.
Several ways to communicate:
● Utter a word VISUAL COMMUNICATION - uses images to transfer
● Raise a question messages and/or information
● Give a statement ● Symbols, signs, charts, diagrams, maps,
graphs, imagery, photos, pictograms,
SPEECH COMMUNITY - able to understand each illustrations or drawings, and even various
other because people have the same set of rules in electronic communication forms
language system ● ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYMBOLS
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION - language they acquired OR IMAGES - emoticons, emojis, animation
from their community as they grow up ● GRAPHIC ELEMENTS - position, color, size,
● MOTHER TONGUES or FIRST LANGUAGES shape, and orientation; audience size should
- languages we acquire as we grow up be considered as well (presentations)
LANGUAGE LEARNING - learn formally in school or
informally on their own TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO
● SECOND LANGUAGES - other languages CONTEXT - intrapersonal, interpersonal, extended,
that are essential for many reasons organizational, and intercultural
LANGUAGE CONTACT - slowly learn a language as
you constantly interact with others INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - talking to
LANGUAGE CHANGES - result of language contact; oneself; inner dialogue, inner monologue, or self- or
natural behavior of all languages inner talk
INTRA - latin prefix means within or inside
LAD - language acquisition device PSYCHOLOGISTS - self-statement or self-
verbalization
COMMUNICATION - exchange of thoughts, ideas, MAGIC STATEMENT - “I can do it!” positive
concepts, and views between or among two or more reinforcement that you can do things courageously
people.
CONTEXT - the circumstance or environment which INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - interactive
communication takes place exchange takes place
● Can be physical or actual setting INTER - latin prefix means between, among, and
● Value positions of a speaker/listener together
● Importance or appropriateness of the DYADS - group communication
conveyed message TWO TYPES OF COMMUNICATION SITUATION
FACTORS SURROUNDING THE CONTEXT 1. INTERPERSONAL - meant to establish or
● Physical deepen one’s relationship with others; less
● Cultural seriousness and formality
● Social 2. TRANSACTIONAL - objective is to achieve
● Psychological something at the end of the conversation;
formal and profound
COMMUNICATION IS CLASSIFIED ACCORDING
TO: EXTENDED COMMUNICATION - involves the use of
1. Communication mode electronic media
2. Context ● messages are transmitted quickly
3. Purpose and style
 ● Your own attitude, behavior, and thinking may ● PETER DRUCKER’s famous quote -
be influenced by other people; and you may be “Company cultures are like country cultures.
persuaded to accept the views you hear Never try to change one. Try, instead, to work
with what you’ve got”
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION ● Culture is within the control of the entrepreneur
ORGANIZATIONS - comprise individuals who work or company owner
for the company
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION - between or
TWO TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: among people having different linguistic, religious,
formal and informal ethnic, social, and professional background; even
gender differences
FORMAL STRUCTURE - allows communication to
take place via designated channels of message flow WORLD ENGLISHES - different cultures develop diff
between positions in the organization lexicon peculiar only to the speech community
FOUR APPROACHES PHILIPPINE ENGLISH - introduced lexical innovation;
1. DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION - flows from ● Thrice, batchmates, CR (comfort room),
upper to lower positions; top-down, from solons, barangay captain, and high blood
superior to subordinate and usually asks
certain individuals to perform a specific tasks TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO
2. UPWARD COMMUNICATION - bottom-up; PURPOSE AND STYLE - formal and informal
subordinates communicate to their
superiors/bosses bearing their views/feedback Context - focus on message transmission and flow
on organizational policies, issues related to Purpose and style - communication setting and
their jobs, and the like delivery mode
3. HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION - lateral
approach; takes place among people from the FORMAL COMMUNICATION - employs formal
same level but from diff departments or units to language that is delivered either orally or in written
facilitate performance of tasks through proper form
coordination ● Lectures, research and project proposals,
4. CROSSWISE COMMUNICATION - diagonal; public talks/speeches, business letters, and
employees from diff units or departments that reports, among others
work at various levels communicate with each ● Main objective: to inform, entertain, and
other persuade

INFORMAL STRUCTURE - unofficial channels of INFORMAL COMMUNICATION - does not apply

message flow; “grapevine” messages from diff levels formal language; involves personal and usual
of the organization are conveys. This happens conversations with family, friends, or acquaintances
because of: about anything of interest to them
● Dissatisfaction of some employees ● Oral - face-to-face, ordinary or everyday
● Accompanied by doubt, such as superiors conversations and phone calls
playing favorites ● Written - emails, letters, personal notes, or text
● Unfavorable or unacceptable company rules messages
and regulations ● Purpose: simply to socialize and deepen
relationships
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE - based on its history
and development, the organization develops its own
core values, vision and mission statements, goals,
and objectives.
● Dictate the kind of behavior that employees
should have, as well as the extent of
commitment expected from them by the
organization