National Institute of Technology Hamirpur

Curriculum for Bachelor of Technology

In
Electronics & Communication Engineering

First Year

1st Semester 2nd Semester

SN Code Subject L T P Credits SN Code Subject L T P Credits

1 MA-111 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 1 0 4 1 MA-121 Engineering Mathematics-II 3 1 0 4

2 HS-101 Communication Skills 2 1 0 3 2 CS-101 Computer Programming 3 0 0 3

3 ME-102 Engineering Workshop 1 0 3 3 3 ME-101 Engineering Graphics 1 0 3 3

4 CY-101 Engineering Chemistry 3 1 0 4 4 PH-101 Engineering Physics 3 1 0 4

5 MS-101 Material Science & Engineering 3 0 0 3 5 CE-101 Engineering Mechanics 3 1 0 4

6 EE-101 Basic Electrical Engineering 3 1 0 4 6 EC-101 Basic Electronics Engineering 3 0 0 3

7 HS-102 Communication Skills Lab 0 0 2 1 7 CS-102 Computer Programming Lab 0 0 2 1

8 CY-102 Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 2 1 8 PH-102 Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 2 1

9 EE-102 Electrical Engineering Lab 0 0 2 1 9 EC-102 Electronics Engineering Lab 0 0 2 1

Total Hours = 28 24 Total Hours = 28 24

 Second Year

3rd Semester 4th Semester

SN Code Subject L T P Credits SN Code Subject L T P Credits

1 HS-203 Organizational Behaviour 3 0 0 3 1 MA-203 Engineering Mathematics-III 3 1 0 4

Digital Electronics and Logic

2 EC-211 3 1 0 4 2 EC-221 Linear Integrated Circuits 3 1 0 4
Design

3 EC-212 Analog Electronics 3 1 0 4 3 EC-222 Analog Communication Systems 3 1 0 4

4 EC-213 Communication Theory 3 1 0 4 4 EC-223 Electromagnetic Field Theory 3 1 0 4

5 CS-201 Data Structure 3 1 0 4 5 EC-224 VLSI Technology 3 0 0 3

Digital Electronics and Logic
6 EC-214 0 0 2 1 6 EC-225 Linear Integrated Circuits Lab 0 0 2 1
Design Lab
7 EC-215 Analog Electronics Lab 0 0 2 1 7 EC-226 Analog Communication Lab 0 0 2 1

8 CS-202 Data Structure Lab 0 0 2 1 8 EC-227 Circuit Design and Simulation lab 0 0 2 1

Total Hours = 25 22 Total Hours = 25 22

 Third Year

5th Semester 6th Semester

SN Code Subject L T P Credits SN Code Subject L T P Credits

Microprocessor Architecture Microcontroller and Embedded
1 EC-311 3 1 0 4 1 EC-321 3 1 0 4
and Applications Systems
Digital Communication and
2 EC-312 3 1 0 4 2 EC-322 Wireless Communication 3 1 0 4
Systems
3 EC-313 Digital Signal Processing 3 1 0 4 3 EC-323 VLSI Design Techniques 3 1 0 4
Microwave Devices and
4 EC-314 3 0 0 3 4 EC-324 Antenna and Wave propagation 3 0 0 3
Systems
5 OET Open Elective-I 3 0 0 3 5 OET Open Elective-II 3 0 0 3
Microprocessor and
6 EC-315 Digital Communication Lab 0 0 2 1 6 EC-325 0 0 2 1
Microcontroller Lab
Microwave Devices and
7 EC-316 0 0 2 1 7 EC-326 VLSI Design Lab 0 0 2 1
Systems Lab
8 EC-317 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 2 1 8 EC-329 Seminar 0 0 2 1

Total Hours = 24 21 Total Hours = 24 21

 Fourth Year

7th Semester 8th Semester

SN Code Subject L T P Credits SN Code Subject L T P Credits

Engineering Economics and
1 EC-411 Control System 3 0 0 3 1 HS-404 3 0 0 3
Accountancy
Optical Communication Data Communication and
2 EC-412 3 0 0 3 2 EC-421 3 0 0 3
Systems and Networks Computer Networks

3 DET Professional Elective-I 3 0 0 3 3 DET Professional Elective-III 3 0 0 3

4 DET Professional Elective--II 3 0 0 3 4 DET Professional Elective-IV 3 0 0 3

5 EC-418 Industrial Training Presentation 0 0 2 1 5 EC-428 General Proficiency 0 0 0 1

6 EC-419 Major Project (Stage-I) 0 0 12 6 6 EC-429 Major Project (Stage-II) 0 0 12 6

Total Hours = 26 19 Total Hours = 24 19

Semester Wise Credits

Semester 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th Total
Credits 24 24 22 22 21 21 19 19 172
Hours/week 28 28 25 25 24 24 26 24 204
Professional Elective Courses
Professional Elective-I (courses related to tools/techniques)
EC-431: Signal processing for Image and Video
EC-432: CAD of Integrated Circuits
EC-433: Electronics Device Modeling
EC-434: MEMS and Sensor Design
EC-435: RF IC Design
EC-436: Optimization Techniques

Professional Elective-II (courses related to Industrial, Instrumentation and Computing)

EC-451: Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation
EC-452: Industrial Electronics
EC-453: Radar and Navigational Aids
EC-454: Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning
EC-455: Reliability Engineering
EC-456: Computer Architecture and Organization

Professional Elective-III (courses related to Communication Engineering)

EC-441: Spread Spectrum and CDMA
EC-442: Wireless Sensor Networks
EC-443: Satellite Communication
EC-444: Mobile Communication
EC-445: Information Theory and Coding
EC-446: Internet of Things

Professional Elective-IV (courses related to VLSI Devices and Circuits)

EC-461: FPGA and SoC Design
EC-462: Low Power VLSI Design Techniques
EC-463: VLSI Testing
EC-464: VLSI Interconnects and Packaging
EC-465: Nano Electronics: Devices and Materials
EC-466: Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (EMI&C)

Open Elective Courses

Open Elective-I
EC-371: MEMS Design
EC-372: Communication Systems
EC-373: HDL Based Design

Open Elective-II
EC-381: Mobile Communication
EC-382: VLSI Design
EC-383: Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning
Humanities, Social Sciences and Management Courses
Course(s) Credits
Technical Communication 4
Organizational Behaviour 4
Engineering Economics & Management 3
Total 11

Basic Science Courses

Course(s) Credits
Engineering Mathematics – I, II, III 12
Engineering Physics 5
Engineering Chemistry 5
Total 22

Engineering Science Courses

Course(s) Credits
Engineering Workshop 3
Engineering Graphics 3
Engineering Mechanics 4
Basic Electronics Engineering 4
Computer Programming 4
Basic Electrical Engineering 5
Engineering Sciences [3rd Sem] 5
Total 28

Professional Elective Courses

Course(s) Credits
Professional Elective – I, II, III, IV 12
Total 12

Open Elective Courses

Course(s) Credits
Open Elective – I, II 6
Total 6
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Basic Electronics Engineering
Course Code: EC-101
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To understand the fundamentals of semiconductor Physics.
 To introduce the concepts of semiconductor devices with applications.
 To enable the students to understand the working and applications of transistor.
 To understand the basics of JFET and MOSFET.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Semi-Conductors and Diodes: Introduction, Insulators, Semiconductors and Metals, Mobility and 06L
Conductivity, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Charge Density, Current Components in
Semiconductors, Continuity Equation, PN Junction Diode- Characteristics and Analysis; Types of
Diodes- Zener Diode, Photodiodes, LED, Varactor Diode, Tunnel Diodes.
UNIT-02 Diode Applications: Rectifiers and Filter Circuit: Half Wave Rectifier, Full Wave Rectifier, Bridge 07L
Rectifier and their Analysis, L,C and Pi Filters; Series and Shunt Diode Clippers, Clipping at Two
Independent Levels, Clamping Operation, Clamping Circuit; Practical Clamping Circuits, Basic
Regulator Supply using Zener Diode.
UNIT-03 Bipolar Junction Transistors: Construction and Characteristics of BJT, Transistor Configuration: 06L
CB, CE, CC Configuration; Transistor at Low Frequency, Small Signal Low Frequency Transistor
Model (H-Parameters), Analysis of Transistor Amplifier using H-Parameters.
UNIT-04 Transistor Biasing:Transistor Biasing and Bias Stabilization: Operating Point, Stability Factor, 05L
Analysis of Fixed Bias, Collector to Base Bias, Emitter Resistance Bias Circuit and Self Bias
Circuit, Bias Compensation Techniques Transistor Switch and Transistor amplifier.
UNIT-05 Field Effect Transistor: Construction and Characteristics of JFET, JFET Biasing Circuit, JFET 06L
Amplifier, MOSFET Construction and Characteristics.
UNIT-06 Basics of Communication Systems: Introduction to Analog and Digital Communication 06L
Systems, Block Diagram Representation of Communication Systems: Transmitter, Receiver,
Various Frequency bands used for Communication, Need of Modulation and Introduction to
cellular Communication.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Acquire basic knowledge on the working of various semiconductor devices.
CO2: Know about the working principles of transistor with its different configurations which are helpful to design analog
and digital applications.
CO3: Understand the biasing requirements and circuits in BJT and FET.
CO4: Develop analytical capability in designing of BJT and FET based circuits.

Books and References

1. Integrated Electronics by J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, McGraw Hill Education, India
2. Electronics Devices and Circuit Theory by R. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Pearson, India
3. Electronics Devices and Circuits-II by U. A. Bakshi and A. P. Godse, Technical Publications
4. Electronic principles by L. Malvino, Tata McGraw Hill Education
5. Semiconductor Devices by K. Kano, Prentice Hall Publication
6. Electronic Communication Systems by G. Kennedy, McGraw Hill Education, India.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Electronics Engineering Lab
Course Code: EC-102
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 Familiarization with electronic components and equipment’s.
 Validate and verify the characteristics of various electronic devices.
 Implementation of electronic circuits using different electronic components.
List of Experiments
1. Familiarization of electronic components and equipments like CRO, function generator and power supplies etc.
2. To study the V-I characteristics of p-n junction diode and determine its static and dynamic resistance.
3. To study the characteristics of Zener diode and hence, calculate the dynamic resistance.
4. To study voltage regulator circuit using Zener diode.
5. To study and plot the waveform of half wave and full wave rectifier with and without capacitor filter.
6. To study and plot the input and output characteristics of CE (Common Emitter) transistor configuration and calculate
its input and output resistance.
7. To study and plot the input and output characteristics of CB (Common Base) transistor configuration and calculate its
input and output resistance.
8. To study and plot the input and output characteristics of CC (Common Collector) transistor configuration and
calculate its input and output resistance.
9. To study the characteristics of FET (Field Effect Transistor) and calculate its dynamic resistance (rd), mutual
conductance (gm) and amplification factor (µ).
10. To study the frequency response of single stage CE amplifier circuit using BJT and calculate the bandwidth (3 dB).
11. To study the frequency response of single stage amplifier circuit using FET and calculate the bandwidth (3 dB).
12. To study self bias circuit and calculate zero signal value of current and voltage.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above
generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understanding of different meters and instruments for measurement of electronic quantities.
CO2: Develop skills for designing electronics circuits and its practical implementation on breadboard.
CO3: Understanding the characteristics of different electronic devices like diodes, BJT and FET.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Electronics & Logic Design
Course Code: EC-211
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the concept of digital design, number system and codes.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts related to design of combinational logic circuits.
 To enable the students to understand the design of Sequential Circuits.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Analog versus Digital, Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog converter circuits; 08L
Number systems and their inter-conversion, Binary Arithmetic (Addition, Subtraction,Multiplication
and Division), Diminished radix and radix compliments; BCD codes, Excess-3 code, Gray code,
Hamming code, Error Detection and Correction.
UNIT-02 Logic Gates and Logic Families: Digital Logic Gates, Various Logic Families: RTL, DTL, TTL and 06L
ECL; Working and their characteristics; MOS and CMOS devices.
UNIT-03 Combinational Logic Design: Boolean Algebra, Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean 12L
Algebra, Minimization of Logical functions, Karnaugh- Map method, Sum of Products and Product of
Sums Simplification, NAND and NOR implementation, Incompletely Specified functions, VEM method,
Tabulation method, Determination of Prime implicants, Selection of Essential Prime implicants,
Iterative Consensus & Generalized Consensus method for minimization of Multiple Output Switching
functions, Determination of Prime implicants, Selection of Essential Prime implicants and finding a
minimal cover, Design of Combinational circuits with examples.
UNIT-04 MSI and PLD Components: Binary Adder and Subtractor; Decoders and Encoders; 06L
Multiplexers and DE-Multiplexers circuits; Read Only Memory, Programmable Logic Arrays,
Programmable Array Logic; Implementation of Combinatorial Logic using these devices.
UNIT-05 Sequential Logic Design: Introduction and Classification of Sequential circuits, Flip-flops: Truth 08L
Table & Excitation Table of flip-flops,Interconversion of flip-flops,Design of Synchronous &
Asynchronous Sequential circuits, Registers and Counters,

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand about the concept of digital system.
CO2: Apply principles of minimization techniques to simplify digital functions.
CO3: Design and analyse the combinational electronic circuit based on digital logic.
CO4: Design and analyse the sequential electronic circuit based on digital logic.
Books and References
1. Digital Design: M. Morris Mano, Prentice Hall of India.
2. Digital Principle and Applications: Malvino and Leach, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
3. Fundamentals of Digital Electronics: Anand Kumar, Prentice Hall of India.
4. Modern Digital Electronic: R.P.Jain Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Analog Electronics
Course Code: EC-212
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L and 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to bipolar junction transistor.
 To impart knowledge about the electrical modeling and analysis of small- and large-signal amplifiers.
 To enable the students to understand the factors that cause the gain to roll-off at high frequencies.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Low Frequency Transistor Amplifier: Equivalent Circuit of BJT using h-parameter for CB, CE 07L
and CC & configuration, Calculation of Transistor Parameter for CB, CE & CC using h-
parameters, Comparison of Transistor Amplifier Configuration
UNIT-02 Multistage Amplifier: General Cascaded System, RC Coupled Amplifier and its Frequency 04L
Response, Merits and Demerits, Cascade Amplifier, Darlington Compound Configuration,
Multistage Frequency Effect
UNIT-03 High Frequency Response of Transistor Amplifier: High Frequency Model for CE 06L
Configuration, Approximate CE High Frequency Model with Resistive Load, CE Short Circuit
Current Gain, HF Current Gain with Resistive Load
UNIT-04 Large Signal Amplifier: Analysis and Design of class A, B, AB, C Amplifiers, Push-pull 06L
Amplifiers, Transformer Less Output Stages, Distortion Calculations
UNIT-05 Tuned Amplifier: General Behavior of Tuned Amplifiers, Series and Parallel Resonant Circuit, 04L
Calculations of Circuit Impedance at Resonance, Variation of Impedance with Frequency, Q
Factor of a Circuit & Coil, Bandwidth of Series and Parallel Resonant Circuit, Single Tuned
Amplifiers, Voltage Gain and Frequency Response of Single Tuned Amplifiers, Double Tuned
Amplifiers
UNIT-06 Feedback Amplifier: Feedback concept, Characteristics of Negative and Positive Feedback,
Effect of Negative and Positive Feedback on Input Impedance, Output Impedance, Gain, Noise
and Frequency Response
UNIT-07 Oscillators: Classification of Oscillators, Frequency Stability of Oscillatory Circuits, Tuned based 05L
Oscillators, Hartley Oscillator, Colpitt Oscillators, Clapp Oscillator, Crystal Oscillator, Phase Shift
Oscillator and Wein Bridge Oscillator
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Develop the ability to analyze and design analog electronic circuits using discrete components
CO2: Understand the use of small-signal models to predict gain and behavior in transistor amplifier
CO3: Describe the design trade-offs in analog amplifier circuits
CO4: Design tuned amplifiers and apply them in a communications system
Books and References
1. Integrated Electronics: Analog and Digital Circuits and Systems by J. Millman and C. Halkias, Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.
2. Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory by R. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Pearson.
3. Microelectronic Circuits by A. Sedra and K. Smith, Oxford University Press.
4. Electronic Fundamental Applications: Integrated and Discrete Systems by J.D. Ryder, Prentice Hall.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Communication Theory
Course Code: EC-213
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To uderstand basic components of communication systems.
 To prepare mathematical background for communication signal analysis.
 To analyze signals in presenence various types of noise and estimation of channel capcity.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Frequency and Time Domain Representation and Analysis: Introduction to Information, 10L
Messages & Signals, Classification of Signals., The Discrete and Continuous Spectrum, Power
Spectrum, Energy Density Spectrum, Dirac Delta Functions, Sampling Theory and
Approximations, Convolution of Signals, LTI Systems.
UNIT-02 Random Signal Theory : Discrete Probability Theory, Continuous Random Variables, Statistically 10L
Independent Random Variables, Probability Density Functions of Sums, Transformation of Density
Functions, Ergodic Process, Correlation Functions, Spectral Density and White Noise.
UNIT-03 Noise : Atmospheric, Thermal, Shot and Partition noise, Noise Figure and Experimental 05L
Determination of Noise Figure, Shot Noise In Temperature Limited Diode and Space Charge Limited
Diodes, Pulse Response and Digital Noise.
UNIT-04 Transmission Through Networks: Networks with Random Input, Auto-correlations, Spectral 05L
Density and Probability Density Input-output Relationships, Optimum System and Non-linear
Systems, Maximum Criterion, Equivalent Noise Bandwidth.
UNIT-05 Basic Information Theory: Definition of Information, Units of Information, Entropy, Uncertainty 06L
and Information Rate of Communication, Redundancy, Relation Between System Capacity and
Information Content of Messages, Shannon’s Theorem, Discrete Noisy Channel, Channel
Capacity for Different Discrete Channels.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Perform the time and frequency domain analysis of the signals in a communication system.
CO2: Analyze the performance of communication system and need of information theory for information transfer.
CO3: Select the blocks in a design of communication system and system capacity.
Books and References
1. Elements of Communication Theory by J.C.Hancock, McGraw-Hill Education Publisher.
2. Principals of Communication System by Taub & Schilling, McGraw-Hill Education Publisher.
3. Communication Systems by S. Haykin, Wiley Publication.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Electronics and Logic Design Lab
Course Code: EC-214
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 Familiarization with digital integrated circuits and equipment’s.
 Implementation and design of combinational logic circuits using different gates.
 To understand concepts of sequential circuits and to analyze and design sequential circuits.
List of Experiments
1. To study about the logic gates and verify their truth table.
2. Relization of AND and OR gates using
(i) Diodes and resistors.
(ii) Universal gates
3. Design and implement half adder and full adder circuits and verifies the truth table using logic gates.
4. Design and implement half subtractor and full subtractor circuits and verifies the truth table using logic gates.
5. Design and implement 4-bit binary to gray code converter and gray to binary code converter circuits.
6. Design and implement BCD to excess-3 code converter and excess-3 to BCD code converter.
7. Design and implement
(i) 2-Bit magnitude comparator using basic gates
(ii) 8-Bit magnitude comparator using IC 7485
8. Design and implement multiplexer and demultiplexer using logic gates and study of IC 74150 and IC 74154.
9. Design and implementation of the function using multiplexer
(i) F(A,B,C)=Ʃm(1,2,5,6)
(ii) F(A,B,C)=Ʃm(0,2,5,6,7)
10. Design and implement encoder and decoder using logic gates and study of IC 7445 and IC 74147.
11. Realization of SR, JK, D and T flip flop using gates.
12. Design and implement 3-bit synchronous up counter.
13. Design and implement 3-bit asynchronous up/down counter.
14. Design BCD to seven segment display with decoder Using IC 7447.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester
based on above generic list.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the digital signals, applications of ICs and logic circuits.
CO2: Develop skills for designing combinational logic circuits and their practical implementation on breadboard.
CO3: Analyze, design and implement sequential logic circuits.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Analog Electronics Lab
Course Code: EC-215
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To provide skills for designing various oscillator circuits
 To provide skills for understanding frequency stability in amplifiers
 To enable the students to plot the characteristic property of various transducers
1. To study the working of Hartley Oscillator and measure the frequency of oscillations
2. To study the working of Colpit’s Oscillator and measure the frequency of oscillations
3. To study the functioning of Crystal Oscillator and measure the frequency of oscillations
4. To study the frequency response of two-stage RC coupled amplifier and find the voltage gain
5. To identify the type of feedback used in an amplifier and determine the voltage gain
6. To study the push-pull amplifier and plot the frequency response
7. To study the transformer coupled amplifier and determine the frequency response
8. To study the voltage gain and frequency response of FET amplifier
9. To study the astable, monostable and bistable multivibrators and their timing parameters.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester
based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Analyze and design analog electronic circuits using discrete components
CO2: Design and implement an analog circuit project application utilizing knowledge and skills learned
CO3: Establish the biasing of an FET amplifier
CO4: Calculate power efficiency of large–signal amplifier
 Department of Mathematics
Course Name: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-III

Course Code: MA-203

Course Type: Core

Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04

Course Objectives

 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to function of complex variable, numerical

differentiation and integration and numerical solution of linear, non-linear and system of equations.
 To have the idea of evaluation of real integrals using complex variable.
 To understand the concept of approximating & interpolating polynomials and finding values of
function at arbitrary point.
 To impart knowledge of various numerical technique to solve ODE.
Unit Course Content Lectures
Number

UNIT-01 Functions of Complex Variable 12 L

Applications of De Moivre’s theorem, Exponential, Circular, Hyperbolic and
Logarithmic functions of a complex variable, Inverse Hyperbolic functions,
Real and imaginary parts of Circular and Hyperbolic functions, Summation of
the series-‘C+iS’ method.

Limit and derivative of complex functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations,

Analytic functions and its applications, Complex integration, Cauchy’s
theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Series of complex function, Taylor series,
singularities and Laurent’s series, Cauchy’s residue theorem and its application
for the evaluation of real definite integrals.
UNIT-02 Interpolation 6L

Least square curve fit and trigonometric approximations, Finite differences

and difference operators, Newton’s interpolation formulae, Gauss forward
and backward formulae, Sterling and Bessel's formulae, Lagrange's
interpolation.

UNIT-03 Numerical Integration 5L

Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules 1/3 and 3/8 rule, Romberg
integration, and Gaussian quadrature rule, Numerical integration of function
of two variables.

UNIT-04 Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations 7L

Taylor series method, Picard’s method, Euler’s method, Modified Euler’s

method, Runge‐ Kutta method. Predictor corrector methods, Adam Bashforth
and Milne’s method, convergence criteria, Finite difference method.
 UNIT-05 Numerical Solution of Linear and Non Linear Equations 06 L

Non Linear Equations: Bisection Method, Regula Falsi Method, Newton-

Raphson Method, Iteration method.

Linear Equations: Jacobi and Gauss Seidal Iteration methods, Relaxation

method.

36 L

Course Outcomes

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

CO1: Understand and analyze the concept of Numerical Solution of Linear and Non Linear Equations,
Ordinary Differential Equations and Function of complex variable.

CO2: Identify an appropriate technique to solve the linear, non-linear equations, ordinary differential
equations.

CO3: Formulate the problems on related topics and solve analytically.

CO4: Apply the concepts of linear, non-linear equations, differential equations and complex analysis in
various engineering problems.

CO5: Demonstrate the concepts through examples and applications.

Books and References

1. Complex variables and Applications: by R. V. Churchill, T. J. Brown & R. F. Verhey, McGraw Hill.
2. A first course in complex analysis with applications: by Dennis D. Zill & P. D. Shanahan, Jones and
Bartlett.
3. Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering Computations: by M. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyenger and R. K.
Jain, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi
4. Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists(2nd Ed.): by J D Hoffman, CRC Press
5. Numerical Analysis Mathematics and Scientific computing (3rd ed.): by D. Kincaid and W. Cheney,
American Mathematical Society.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Linear Integrated Circuits
Course Code: EC-221
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L and 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart strong foundation of IC based design.
 To introduce the various applications of operational amplifiers and its integration with other devices.
 To learn circuits design using op amps for power management , signal conditioning and communication

Unit Number Course Content Lectures

UNIT-01 Differential And Cascode Amplifiers 10L
Emitter coupled differential amplifiers & its circuit configurations, FET differential amplifier, Differential
amplifier with swamping resistor, constant current bias & current mirror. Cascade differential amplifier
stages. Level translator, Cascode configuration
UNIT-02 Introduction to Operational Amplifiers 3L
The basic operational amplifier & its schematic symbol, Block diagram representation of OP-AMP,
Power supply requirements of an OP-AMP, Evolution of OP-AMP,Specification of a typical OP-
AMP(741).
UNIT-03 The Practical Op-Amp And Its Frequency Response 6L
Input offset voltage, input bias current, input offset current. Total output offset voltage, thermal drift,
error voltage, variation of OP-AMP parameter with temperature & supply voltage. Supply voltage
rejection ration (SVRR), CMRR-Measurement of OP-AMP parameters, Frequency response of
compensator networks, Open loop voltage gain as a function of frequency, Slew rate, causes of
slew rates and its effects in application
UNIT-04 Operational Amplifier Configurations & Linear Application 6L
Open loop OP-AMP configurations- The differential amplifier, inverting amplifier, non-inverting
amplifier, negative feedback configurations - inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, voltage followers &
high input impedance configuration, differential amplifiers, closed loop frequency response & circuit
stability, single supply operation of OP-AMP, summing, scaling and averaging amplifier, voltage to
current & current to voltage converters, integrators & differentiators, logarithmic & anti logarithmic
amplifiers
UNIT-05 Active Filters & Oscillators 7L
Advantages of active filters, classification of filters, response characteristics of butter worth,
chebyshev, causal filters, first order and second order butter worth filters- low pass and high pass
types. Band pass & band reject filters. Oscillator principles, types of oscillators - phase shift, Wein
Bridge & quadrature. Square wave, triangular wave and saw tooth wave generators, voltage
controlled oscillator
UNIT-06 Comparators & Converters 5L
Basic comparator & its characteristics, zero crossing detector, voltage limiters, clippers & clampers,
small signal half wave & full wave rectifiers, sample and hold circuit,ADC,DAC
UNIT-07 Voltage Regulators 3L
Fixed Voltage Regulator,Adjustable voltage regulators,Switching regulators,special regulators
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this course students will be able to :
CO1 : Understand and design the basic circuits using op-amp and perform operations and their troubleshooting
CO2 : To learn how to detect,amplify,store ,create and manipulate signals using operational amplifiers
CO3: To design and analyze the responses of IC based designed circuits in the area of power management, signal conditioning,
analog and digital communication
CO4 : To develop IC based projects in the above areas
Books and References
1. OP-AMP and Linear Integrated Circuits,Ramakant A. Gayakwad, PHI Publication.
2. Design with Operation Amplifiers and Analog Integrated circuits,Sergei Franco,TMH.
3. Integrated Electronics: Analog and Digital Circuits & System,Millman & Halkias,TMH.
4. Linear Integrated Circuits, D. Choudhari, S. Jain, New Age International limited.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Analog Communication Systems
Course Code: EC-222
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To introduce the concepts of analog communication systems.
 To equip students with various issues related to analog communication such as modulation, demodulation, transmitters and
receivers and noise performance.
 Differentiate between different modaution techniques and necessities of the same.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Modulation Techniques: Various Frequency Bands Used for Communication, Types of 10L
Communication and Need of Modulation. Introduction to AM, FM, PM, Frequency Spectrum of
AM Waves, Representation of AM, Power Relation in AM Waves, Need and Description of SSB,
Suppression of Carrier, Suppression of Unwanted Side-bands, Independent Sideband System,
Vestigial Sideband System, Mathematical Representation of FM, Frequency Spectrum of AM
Waves, Phase Modulation, Comparison Between Analog and Digital Modulation, Wideband and
Narrow Band FM.
UNIT-02 AM Transmitters and Receivers: AM Transmitters: Generation of AM, Low Level and High 10L
Level Modulation, AM Transmitter Block Diagram, Collector Class C Modulator, Base Modulator,
Transistor Vander Bil Modulator, DSB S/C Modulator. AM Receiver: Tuned Radio Frequency
(TRF) Receiver. Super Heterodyne Receiver, RF Section and Characteristics, Mixers,
Frequency Changing and Tracking, IF Rejection and IF Amplifiers. Detection and Automatic
Gain Control (AGC), AM Receiver Characteristics.
UNIT-03 FM Transmitters and Receivers: FM Transmitters: Basic Requirements and Generation of FM, 05L
FM Modulation Methods: Direct Methods, Variable Capacitor Modulator, Varactor Diode
Modulator, FET Reactance Modulator, Transistor Reactance Modulator, Pre-emphasis, Direct
FM Modulator, AFC in Reactance Modulator, Disadvantages of Direct Method, Indirect
Modulators, RC Phase Shift Modulators, Armstrong FM Systems. FM Receivers: Limiters, Single
and Double-Tuned Demodulators, Balanced Slope Detector, Foster-Seely or Phase
Discriminator, De-emphasis, Ratio Detector, Block Diagram of FM Receivers, RF Amplifiers, FM
Receiver Characteristics.
UNIT-04 SSB Transmitters and Receivers: Generator of SSB, Balanced Modulator Circuit, Filter 05L
Method, Phase Shift Method, Third Method, Phase Cancellation Method, Demodulation of SSB,
Product Demodulator, Diode Detection Technique of SSB.
UNIT-05 Pulse Modulation Techniques: Pulse Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation, Pulse Width 06L
Modulation and Demodulation, Pulse Position Modulation and Demodulation, Sampling
Theorem, Time Division Multiplexing, Frequency Division Multiplexing.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Differentate AM and FM transmission.
CO2: To analyze various methods of base band /band pass analog transmission and detection.
CO3: Gain theknowledge of components of analog communication system
Books and References
1. Electronic communication Systems by G. Kennedy, McGraw-Hill Education Publisher.
2. Principals of Communication System by Taub & Schilling, McGraw-Hill Education Publisher.
3. Electronic communication Systems by S. Haykin, Wiley India Pvt. Limited Publisher.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Electromagnetic Field Theory
Course Code: EC-223
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L and 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To understand the basic concepts of vector analysis, co-ordinate transformation and space derivative.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to electrostatic field and application of Gauss’ law.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to magnetostatic field and application of Biot-Savart’s law.
 To introduce the concept of Maxwell’s equations and how electromagnetic wave propagates.
 To give the understating of wave propagation in guided media.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Fundamental of vector algebra, Scalar & vector fields, Introduction and 04L
transformation on different coordinate systems: (rectangular, cylindrical and spherical co-
ordinate system), introduction to line, Surface and volume integrals, Definition of gradient,
Divergent and curl of a vector and their physical significance.
UNIT-02 Electrostatics: Principle of Coulomb's law, Definition of electric field intensity from point charges, 07L
Field due to continuous distribution of charges on an infinite and finite line, Electric Field due to an
infinite uniformly charged sheet, Gauss’s law and its applications, Electric flux density, Potential fields
duo to electric dipole, Laplace’s and Poison’s equations.
UNIT-03 Magnetostatics: Definition and explanation on Magnetic Field intensity due to a finite and infinite wire 07L
carrying current, Magnetic field intensity on rectangular loop carrying current, Ampere’s Circuital law
and its applications, Biot-savart law, Lorentz force equation for a moving charge, Magnetic Vector
Potential.
UNIT-04 Time Varying EM Field: Maxwell’s equation in differential and integral vector form and their 10L
interpretations, Continuity of currents, Conduction and displacement current, Boundary conditions,
Helmholtz equations, uniform plane wave in dielectric and conductor media, Skin effect and depth of
penetration, reflection and refraction of plane waves at boundaries for normal incidence and surface
impedance, Energy Flow and Poynting theorem.
UNIT-05 Transmision Lines: Transmission line model, Parameters and properties of transmission line 10L
equations, Reflections in transmission lines, Voltage, current and impedance relations-open, Short
circuit and matched lines, Standing wave ratio, Impedance matching, Quarter and half wave lines,
Single stub and double stub matching; Circle diagram – Smith-chart.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the fields using vector algebra and filed transformation from one co-ordinate system to other.
CO2: Describe the force between charges and equipotential surfaces and electrostatic shielding/ screening.
CO3: Describe the magnetic field due to a current element and force on a chage particle due to magnetic filed.
CO4: Describe the electriomagnetic wave phenomenon and power carried by an lectromagnetic wave.
CO5: Identify that the KVL and KCL law (Circuit theory) are not suitable to apply at microwave frequencies and maxwell’s equations
(Field theory) are too complex to apply for each problem. And, how, the transmission line theory bridges the gap between
circuit theory and field theory. Also, how to design PCB.
Books and References
1. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics by Matthew N.O.Sadiku, Oxford University Press.
2. Engineering Electromagnetics by William Hayt, TATA McGraw-Hill.
3. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics by Narayana Rao, N, Pearson Education.
4. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems by Jordan and Balmain, PHI, Second Ed.
5. Electromagnetics by J.D. Kraus, McGraw-Hill.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: VLSI Technology
Course Code: EC-224
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the miniaturization of Electronic Systems.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to VLSI fabrication.
 To enable the students to understand the various VLSI fabrication techniques.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction to VLSI : Concept Miniaturization of Electronic Systems & its impact on characterization. 03L
UNIT-02 Monolithic Fabrication Techniques: Crystal growth: Source of silicon; Single crystalline and Poly 25L
crystalline; Requirement of purity for electronics industry; Electronics grade silicon production; Crystal
growth techniques: Bridgeman method, Float zone method, Czocharalski method, Modified
Czocharalski method; refining; Silicon Wafer Preparation & Crystal Defects.
Epitaxial Process: Need of epitaxial layer; vapors phase epitaxy -reactor design, Chemistry of
epitaxial process, Transport mechanism doping & auto doping; selective epitaxy, Epitaxial process
induced defects, Molecular beam epitaxy, Merits and demerits among epitaxial processes; recent
trends in Epitaxy.
Oxidation: Importance of oxidation; types of oxidation techniques; growth mechanism & kinetics;
factors affecting the growth mechanisms; silicon oxidation model, dry & wet oxidation; oxidation
induced faults; recent trends in oxidation.
Lithography: Basic steps in lithography; Lithography techniques-optical lithography, Electron beam
lithography, X-ray lithography, Ion beam lithography; resists and mask preparation of respective
lithographies, Printing techniques-contact, Proximity printing and projection printing; merits and
demerits of lithographies; recent trends in lithography at nano regime.
Etching: Performance metrics of etching; types of etching- wet and dry etching; dry etching
techniques-ion beam or ion-milling, Sputter ion plasma etching and reactive ion etching (RIE); merits
and demerits of etching; etching induced defects; recent trends in epitaxy.
Diffusion and Ion Implantation: Diffusion mechanisms; diffusion reactor; diffusion profile;
diffusion kinetics; parameters affecting diffusion profile; Dopants and their behavior, choice of
dopants; Ion Implantation- reactor design, impurity distribution profile, Properties of ion implantation,
Low energy and high energy ion implantation.
Metallization: Desired properties of metallization for VLSI; metallization choices; metallization
techniques –vacuum evaporation, Sputtering.
UNIT-03 Packaging of VLSI Chip: Introduction to packaging; packaging process; package design 04L
considerations, Various packages types.
UNIT-04 Isolation Techniques in Monolithic Components: Isolation techniques in Diodes, BJT and 06L
MOSFETs (Enhancement and depletion mode.
UNIT-05 Monolithic Components- Prototype Fabrication: Prototype fabrication of Diodes, npn BJT, pnp 08L
BJT, MOSFETs (Enhancement and depletion mode), n-MOS, p-MOS, CMOS, Resistors and
Capacitors.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify the material properties and ambient conditions for chips fabrication.
CO2: Describe the Perform the analysis of technology scaling.
CO3: Understand the complexities involved in the integrated circuits.
CO4: Apply principles to Identify and Analyze the various steps for the fabrication of various components
CO5: Assess the various reliability issues in VLSI technology
Books and References
1. S.M. Sze, “VLSI Technology”, TMH
2. S.K. Gandhi, “VLSI Fabrication Principles”, John Willey& Sons
3. Botkar, “Integrated Circuits”, Khanna Publishers
4. G.T.A. Kovacs, “Micromachined transducer”. McGraw Hill, 1998
5. D. Nagchoudhary, “Principles of Microelectronics Technology” PHI
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Linear Integrated Circuits Lab
Course Code: EC-225
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To learn practical applications of operational amplifier.
 To design and develop circuits using operational amplifiers.
 To learn how to detect,amplify,store,create and manipulate signals using operational amplifiers.
List of Experiments
1. To demonstrate the relationship between input and output in for the inverting and non-inverting configuration of the Op-Amp.
741.
2. To verify the function of OP-Amp’s a summer and as a difference amplifier.
3. To perform the mathematical operation of differentiation using basic and practical circuit of Op-Amp’s.
4. To perform the mathematical operation of integration using basic and practical circuit of Op-Amp’s.
5. To study the half wave and full wave rectifier circuits using Op-Amp’s
6. To design a first order butter worth low pass and high pass filter and determining its frequency response.
7. To plot the frequency response of the band pass filter for a specified frequency range.
8. To design a square, triangular and sawtooth wave generator using Op-Amp’s.
9. To design the Wein Bridge oscillator using Op-Amp’s.
10. To study the clipping and clamping circuits using operational amplifiers.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above generic list.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: To learn the basic applications of the operational amplifier
CO2: To learn how to detect,amplify,store,create and manipulate signals using operational amplifiers
CO3: To design and analyze the responses of IC based designed circuits in the area of power management, signal conditioning,
analog and digital communication
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Analog Communication Lab
Course Code: EC-226
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To understand practical implementation of various analog modulation schemes.
 To analyze and measure the performance of various analog modulation schemes.
 To understand practical implementation of pulse modulation, TDM and FDM..
List of Experiments
1. Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation
2. DSB SC Modulation and Demodulation
3. SSB SC Modulation and Demodulation
4. Frequency Modulation and Demodulation
5. To Observe and Measure Frequency Deviation and Modulation Index.
6. Pre Emphasis - De Emphasis.
7. PAM Generation and Reconstruction
8. PWM Generation and Reconstruction
9. PPM Generation and Reconstruction
10. Verification of Sampling Theorem
11. Time Division and Frequency Division Multiplexing
12. Phase Locked Loop
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Design and implement AM and FM based analog communication systems.
CO2: Design and implement Pulse modulation systems.
CO3: Design and implement FDM and TDM systems.
CO4: Analyze the performance measure of Analog Communication Systems.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Circuit Design and Simulation Lab
Course Code: EC-227
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To provide skills for designing Electronics circuits in circuit simulator
 To provide skills for analyzing the electronics circuits
 To enable the students to be able to design a new electronic circuit.
List of Experiments
1. Introduction to Tanner and Cadence EDA simulation tool.
2. To study the time and frequency response of series RLC circuit.
3. To study the frequency response of common emitter configuration of BJT.
4. To simulate N-MOS transistor and obtain its transfer and output characteristics.
5. To simulate-MOS transistor and obtain its transfer and output characteristics.
6. To simulate MOS inverter using resistive load, CMOS inverter, pseudo NMOS inverter and enhancement mode
CMOS inverter and obtain their VTC.
7. To simulate NAND and NOR logic gate using CMOS and study its performance.
8. To simulate EX-OR and EX-NOR logic gate using CMOS and study its performance.
9. To simulate half adder and Full adder using CMOS and study its performance.
10. Introduction to Physical simulation and TCAD.
11. Build a simulation mesh for diode and study its characteristics.
12. Build a simulation mesh for BJT and study its characteristics.
13. Build a simulation mesh for MOSFET and study its characteristics.
14. To study the CMOS inverter characterization using proto-type fabricated NMOS and PMOS.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester
based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify and introduce simulate the electronic circuits
CO2: Design electronic circuit for a concerned application.
CO3: Write a TCAD program for the performance analysis of electronic device
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Microprocessor Architecture and Applications
Course Code: EC-311
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the architecture and instruction set of typical 8-bit microprocessor .
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to, Assembly Language, Timers, Interrupts.
 Input-output techniques and important programmable support chips used in microprocessor-based systems are discussed in
detail.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction to Microprocessors: History and Evolution, types of microprocessors, 06L
Microcomputer Programming Languages, Microcomputer Architecture, Pipelining, Clocking, Intel
8085 Microprocessor, Register Architecture, Bus Organization, ALU, Control section, ISA of
8085, Instruction format, Addressing modes, Types of Instructions.
UNIT-02 Assembly Language Programming and Timing Diagram: Assembly language programming 08L
in 8085, Macros, Labels and Directives, Microprocessor timings, Micro instructions, Instruction
cycle, Machine cycles, T-states, State transition diagrams, Timing diagram for different machine
cycles, Memory and I/O interface.
UNIT-03 Serial I/O, Interrupts: Serial I/O using SID, SOD, Interrupts in 8085, RST instructions, Issues in 09L
implementing interrupts, Multiple interrupts and priorities, Daisy chaining, Interrupt handling in
8085, Enabling, Disabling & masking of interrupts.
UNIT-04 Data Transfer techniques: Data transfer techniques, Parallel & Programmed data transfer 06L
using 8155, Programmable parallel ports & handshake input/output, Asynchronous and
Synchronous data transfer using 8251, PIC (8259), PPI (8255), DMA controller (8257).
Interfacing Traffic Light Interface, Stepper Motor, 4 Digit 7 Segment LED, stepper motor and
LCD.
UNIT-05 16-Bit Microprocessors (Intel 8086): Introduction to a 16 bit microprocessor, Memory address 05L
space and data organization, Segment registers and Memory segmentation, Generating a
memory address, I/O address space, Addressing modes, Comparison of 8086 & 8088, Basic
configurations of 8086/8088, Min. Mode, Max. Mode & System timing, Introduction to Instruction
Set of 8086.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the architecture of 8085 and 8086
CO2: Impart the knowledge about the instruction set
CO3: Understand the basic idea about the data transfer schemes and its applications
Books and References
1. R.S. Gaonkar, “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming & Applications with the 8085/8080A”, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
2. D.V. Hall, “Microprocessors & Interfacing”, McGraw Hill.
3. M. Rafiquzzman, “Microprocessors: Theory & Applications (Intel & Motorola)”, PHI.
4. Berry B. Bray INTEL 8086/88, 80186, 286, 386, 486, Pentium Pro & Pentium IV.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Communication and Systems
Course Code: EC-312
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the key modules of digital communication systems with emphasis on digital modulation techniques.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to reception of digital signals
 To enable the students to understand the the concept and basics of information theory and the basics of channel coding/decoding.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Concepts of Digitial Communication, Advantages/Disadvantages of Digital 02L
Communication Systems over Analog Communication Systems. Block Diagram of Basic Digital
Communication Transmitter/Receiver.
UNIT-02 Analog to Digital Conversion: Noisy Communications Channels, Sampling Theorem: Low Pass 10L
Signals And Band Pass Signals, Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Channel Bandwidth For PAM Signal,
Natural Sampling, Flat Top Sampling, Signal Recovery & Holding, Quantization of Signal,
Quantization Error, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation.
UNIT-03 Digital Modulation Techniques: Binary Phase Shift Keying, Differential Phase Shift Keying, 8L
Differential Encoded PSK, QPSK, Quadrate Amplitude Shift Keying (QASK) Binary Frequency Shift
Keying.
UNIT-04 Data Transmission : Base Band Signal Receiver, Probability of Error, Optimum Filter, White 9L
Noise- Matched Filter, Probability of Error of The Matched Filter, Coherent Reception:
Correlation, Application of Coherent Reception In PSK And FSK. Correlation Receiver for QPSK.

UNIT-05 Noise in Pulse Code & Delta Modulation Systems: PCM Transmission, Calculation of 8L
Quantization Noise, O/P Signal Power, The Effect of Thermal Noise, O/P Signal to Noise Ratio
in PCM, Delta Modulation, Quantization Noise in Delta Modulation, The O/P Signal to
Quantization Noise Ratio in Delta Modulation, O/P Signal to Noise Ratio in Delta Modulation.

UNIT-06 Information Coding and Decoding: Coding for Error Detection and Correction, Basics of Block 05L
Coding and Decoding, Introduction to Cyclic Codes, Basic Convolution Coding /Decoding and
Viterbi Algorithm.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the knowledge of statistical theory of communication and explain the conventional digital communication system.
CO2: Apply the knowledge of signals and system and evaluate the performance of digital communication system in the presence of
noise.
CO3: Apply the knowledge of digital electronics and describe the error control codes like block code, cyclic code.
CO4: Design as well as conduct experiments, analyze and interpret the results to provide valid conclusions for digital modulators and
demodulator using hardware components and communication systems using CAD tool.
Books and References
1. Taub& Schilling: Principles of communication systems- McGraw-Hill Education (India).
2. Simon Haykin: Communication systems - John-Wiley & sons, Inc.
3. J.G. Proakis, Digital Communication, McGraw – Hill.
4. B. Sklar, Digital Communications: Fundamentals & Applications, Pearson Education.
5. R.E. Zimer & R.L. Peterson: Introduction to Digital Communication, PHI.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Signal Processing
Course Code: EC-313
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L+1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 Digital Signal processing explains the basics of discrete time signals and systems.It focuses on the operation on the signals
in time and frequency domain. It covers the different design techniques for FIR and IIR filters and also their realization
structures.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 DISCRETE-TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS : 07L
Basic Elements of a Digital Signal Processing System, Advantages of Digital Signal Processing,
Classification of Signals, The Concept of Frequency In Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Domain,
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems, Analysis Of Discrete-Time Linear Shift-Invariant Systems,
Linearity, Causality And Stability Criterion, Discrete-Time Systems Described By Difference
Equations.

UNIT-02 DISCRETE-TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM 05L

The Fourier Transform Of Discrete-Time Signals (DTFT), Properties Of The DTFT, The Frequency
Response Of An LTI Discrete-Time System, The Fourier Series Of Discrete-Time Signals (DTFS).

UNIT-03 DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM: 09L

Frequency Domain Sampling And The DFT, Properties Of The DFT, Linear Filtering Methods Based
On The DFT, Efficient Computation Of The DFT: Decimation-In-Time And Decimation-In Frequency
Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms.

UNIT-04 Z-TRANSFORM: 07L

Introduction To The Z-Transform & The Inverse Z-Transform, Properties Of The Z-Transform,
Relationship Between The Fourier Transform And The Z-Transform, Rational Z-Transforms &
The System Function, Analysis Of Linear Time-Invariant Systems In The Z-Domain.

UNIT-05 DIGITAL FILTER STRUCTURES: 06L

Digital Filter Categories, Realization Structures For FIR & IIR Digital Filters, Representation Of
Numbers: Fixed-Point, Floating Point, Error Resulting From Rounding And Truncation.

UNIT-06 DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN: 10L

General considerations; design of IIR filter from analog filters: IIR filter design using
Approximation of derivative, impulse invariant method, Bilinear transformation; Design of
linear phase FIR digital filters: Symmetry and Anti-symmetry FIR filters, FIR digital filter design
using the windowing method and the frequency-sampling method.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the discrete time signals and systems.
CO2: Understand the Fourier transform and Fourier series of discrete time signals.
CO3: Analysis the disctere time signals in frequency domain using DFT and FFT.
CO4: Understand the Z-Transform and its properties.
CO5: Understand the realization structures for FIR and IIR digital filters.
CO6: Analysis the design characteristic of FIR and IIR filters.
Books and References
1. Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms and Applications by John G. Proakis & Dimitris G. Manolakis; Pearson Education.
2. Digital Signal Processing by Sanjit K. Mitra; Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
3. Digital Signal Processing by P Ramesh Babu; SCITECH Publication(India) Pvt Lmt.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Microwave Devices and Systems
Course Code: EC-314
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the usage of microwave communication.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to waveguige problems, microwave devices and componetnts.
 To enable the students to understand the factors that cause the power, frequency, operating limitions of the devices.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction on Microwaves: Frequency Allocations and Frequency Plans, Microwave 06L
Waveguide, Rectangular Waveguide and its Analysis, Circular Waveguide, Modes of
Propagation, Dominant Modes, Cut-off wavelength, Mode Excitation.
UNIT-02 Microwave Generators and Amplifiers: Limitations of Conventional Tubes at Microwave 06L
Frequency, Reflex Klystron, Two and Multicavity Klystron Amplifiers and Oscillators and their
Analysis, Basics on Magnetrons and Traveling Wave Tube and their Applications.
UNIT-03 Microwave Devices: Scattering Matrix of Microwave Waveguide Junction, Properties of S- 06L
Matrix, E-Plane Tee, H-plane Tee, Magic Tee, Attenuators, Directional Couplers, Ferrite Devices,
Faraday Rotation, Gyrator, Isolator, Circulators and Cavity Resonators
UNIT-04 Microwave Solid-State Devices: Gunn Diode and its Modes of Operation, Avalanche IMPATT 06L
Diode, TRAPATT Diode, Operations and V-I Characteristics of Tunnel Diode, Schottky Diode,
Backward Diode and Varactor Diodes, PIN Diode and its Applications.
UNIT-05 Micro-Strip Lines: Introduction on Micro Strip Lines, Characteristic Impedance of Micro Strip 06L
Lines, Losses in Micro Strip Lines, Quality Factor of Micro Strip, Parallel Strip Lines, Coplanar
Strip Lines and Shielded Strip Lines.
UNIT-06 Microwave Measurements: Measurement of Standing Wave Ratio, Measurement of 06L
Wavelength and Frequency, Measurement of Power, Radiation Pattern Measurement of
Antenna, Microwave Link.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify the knowledge of generations and amplifications of the signals at high frequencies
CO2: Describe the microwave components, devices and system.
CO3: Apply principles of transmission lines at microwave frequencies, reflection and transmission of the wave.
CO4: Assess the usage of microwave spectrum, microwave measurement techniques.
Books and References
1. Microwave Engineering by David M. Pozar, Wiley Publication, New Delhi
2. Microwave Devices and Circuits by Samuel Y. Liao, Prentice-Hall, U.S.A
3. Microwave and Radar Engineering by M. Kulkarni,Umesh Publications, India.
4. Foundations for Microwave Engineering by R.E.Collins, Wiley Interscience, New York.
5. Microwave Engineering by Das and S. K. Das, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
6. Elements of Microwave Engineering by RajeswariChatterjee, Ellis Horwood Ltd.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Communication Lab
Course Code: EC-315
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To understand practical implementation of various digital modulation schemes.
 To analyze and measure the performance of various digital modulation schemes.
 To understand practical implementation of line coding formats.
List of Experiments
1. Time Division Multiplexing & Demultiplexing.
2. Pulse Code Modulation & Demodulation.
3. Delta Modulation and Demodulation.
4. Adaptive Delta Modulation and Demodulation.
5. Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) Modulation and Demodulation.
6. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation and Demodulation.
7. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Modulation and Demodulation.
8. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) Modulation and Demodulation
9. To Study Characteristics of Gaussian Noise and to Measure its Spectral Height in Frequency Band over Which Its
Spectral Density is flat.
10. To Study Line Coding Techniques.
11. To Study The Characteristics of The Phase Shifter, Multiplier and The Integrate-And-Dump Filter.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Design and implement BPSK, QPSK, ASK and BFSK based digital communication systems.
CO2: Design and implement PCM, DM and ADM based digital communication systems.
CO3: Analyze the performance measure of Digital Communication Systems.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Microwave Devices and Systems Lab
Course Code: EC-316
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To provide skills for operating microwave benches at designed X band setup
 To provide skills for usage of microwave sources
 To enable the students to practical know how the microwave measurements.
List of Experiments
1. To Study the Microwave Components, Sources and Different Types of Loads at X Band Setup.
2. To Study the Characteristics of Reflex Klystron Oscillator and Determine its Mechanical and Electronics Tuning
Range.
3. To Study the V-I Characteristics of Gunn Diode and Determine its Negative Resistance.
4. To Determine the Insertion Loss Parameter and Isolation Parameter of a Ferrite Based Isolator and Circulators.
5. To Measure the Frequency in a Rectangular Waveguide and Demonstrate the Relationship among the Frequency,
Free Space Wavelength and Guide Wavelength.
6. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Pyramidal Horn Antenna and determine its Gain and Beam width.
7. To Study the Characteristics of Various Tees, i.e. E-Plane Tee, H-Plane Tee and Magic Tees.
8. To Measure the Coupling and Directivity of a 3 dB, 10 dB and 20 dB Directional Couplers.
9. To Measure the Low, Medium, and High VSWR of DUT Using Slotted Lines Section.
10. To Measure the Unknown Impedances using Smith Chart.
11. To Measure of VSWR, Insertion Loss, Attenuation of Fixed and Variable Attenuators.
12. To Measure of Phase Shift of a Phase Shifter.

Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above
generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify a practical approach for testing and measurement of these devices in real environment.
CO2: Design any microwave device and components at.
CO3: Understanding of basic requirements of microwave components and sources in real time applications
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Digital Signal Processing Lab
Course Code: EC-317
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To perform the time domain and frequency operations on discrete signals in MATLAB software
 To impart the knowledge of TMS320C6713 Processor and various operation using it.
List of Experiments
1. Generation of Basic continuous and discrete signals.
2. Write a MATLAB program to find the linear convolution of two discrete signals.
3. Write a MATLAB program to find the correlation of two signals.
4. Write a MATLAB program to find the circular convolution of two discrete signals.
5. Write a MATLAB program to find the DFT and IDFT of a discrete signal using FFT algorithm.
6. Write a MATLAB program to find the Z-transform of a discrete signal.
7. Design a FIR filters (LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF) using windowing technique and plot their magnitude and phase
spectrum.
8. Design a FIR filters (LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF) using frequency sampling technique and plot their magnitude and
phase spectrum.
9. Design a Butterworth IIR filters (LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF) and plots their magnitude and phase spectrum.
10. Design a Cheby-I and Cheby-II IIR filters (LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF) and plot their magnitude and phase spectrum.
11. Design a filter to remove noise from a signal.
12. Introduction to TMS320C6713 Processor.
13. Addition, Subtraction and multiplication in fixed point representation.
14. Addition, Subtraction and multiplication in floating point representation.
15. Linear Convolution using DSP kit.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand various signal operations in time and frequency domain.
CO2: Design the FIR and IIR filters and will be able to remove noises from signal using filters.
CO3: Understand the TMS320C6713 Processor and various operations using it.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Microcontroller And Embedded Systems
Course Code: EC-321
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the microcontrollers, its programming, interrupts, timers and assembly language.
 The concepts of ARM architecture and realtime operating system.
 To provide experience to integrate hardware and software for microcontroller application system.
 To impart ability to put together processor, peripherals and memory and build a real time system.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Microcontroller: Introduction to Microcontrollers, Evolution, Architectures, Implementations, 05L
Background and History of Embedded Systems, Characteristics of ES, Hardware/Software Co-
Design, RISC vs CISC, MCS-51 Family Overview, Important Features, Architecture, 8051 Pin
Functions, Architecture, Addressing Modes, Instruction Set, Instruction Types, Applications of
ASIC and FPGA in ES.
UNIT-02 Programming: Assembly Programming, Timer Registers, Timer Modes, Overflow Flags, 10L
Clocking Sources, Timer Counter Interrupts, Baud Rate Generation, Serial Port Register, Modes
of Operation, Processing Interrupts, Interrupt Service Routines, Look-up Tables.
UNIT-03 Embedded Software Development: Software development flow, Polling, Interrupt driven, Multi- 08L
tasking systems, Architecture of an RTOS, Important features of RTOS, Embedded Systems
Programming, Locks and Semaphores, Operating System Timers and Interrupts, Exceptions,
Tasks, Task states and scheduling, Task structures, Synchronization, Communication and
concurrency, Semaphores, Real-time clock.
UNIT-04 32-Bit Cortex-M Architecture: CPU architecture, Memory model, Registers, Modes, 07L
Exceptions, Interrupts, Exception handlers, interrupt controllers, Power modes, Hardware
features and optimizations, Advanced bus standards like AMBA, The NVIC on ARM Cortex-M.
UNIT-05 Instruction Set of ARM: Syntax, Addressing modes and operands, Memory access 06L
instructions, Logical operations, Shift operations, Arithmetic operations, Stack, Functions and
control flow, Assembler directives, Thumb and arm instruction differences, Development with
Keil and mbed, Applications like IoT and machine learning with cortex-M.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Write the programs for microcontrollers
CO2: Understand the role of embedded systems in industry.
CO3: Understand the design concept of embedded systems.
Books and References
1. Mazidi Muhammad Ali, “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, 2nd Edition, Pearson publications.
2. Joseph Yiu, “The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex-M3 processors”, 3rd Edition, Newnes publication.
3. Jonathan W. Valvano, “Volume 1, Introduction to ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers”, 5th Edition, CreateSpace.
4. Jonathan W. Valvano, “Volume 2, Real-Time Interfacing to ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers”, 4th Edition, CreateSpace.
5. Jonathan W. Valvano, “Volume 3, Real-Time Operating Systems for ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers”, 2nd Edition, CreateSpace.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Wireless Communication
Course Code: EC-322
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To understand the cellular concept of wireless communications
 To study large-scale and small-scale propagation effects in wireless channels
 To study different techniques that improve radio link performance in wireless communications
 To understand general concepts of various multiple access techniques used in wireless communication
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Evolution of wireless communication systems, Examples of wireless 2L
communication systems.

UNIT-02 The Cellular Concept – System Design Fundamentals: Concept of frequency reuse, 9L
Channel assignment strategies, Handoff strategies, Interference and system capacity,
Trunking and grade of service, Improving coverage and capacity in cellular systems.

UNIT-03 Propagation Models: Free space propagation model, Two-ray ground reflection 8L
model, Distance power loss, Macrocell propagation model, Micro-cell propagation
model, Shadowing model, Multipath effects in mobile communication, Models for
multipath reception.

UNIT-04 Equalization, Diversity and Channel Coding: Fundamentals of equalization, Adaptive 9L

equalizers, Linear and nonlinear equalization, Algorithms for adaptive equalization,
Diversity techniques, Fundamentals of channel coding, Overview of error detection and
correction codes.

UNIT-05 Multiple Access Techniques: Introduction to multiple access, Frequency division 8L

multiple access, Time division multiple access, Spread spectrum multiple access,
Space division multiple access, Packet radio, Orthogonal frequency division multiple
access; Introduction to wireless systems and standards.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the operation of wireless and cellular communication systems
CO2: Analyze various design related issues associated with improving coverage and capacity of cellular systems
CO3: Analyze large-scale and small-scale radio propagation effects in mobile cellular systems
CO4: Understand the concepts of equalization, diversity and channel coding in wireless communications
CO5: Understand general concepts of various multiple access techniques for wireless communication

Books and References

1. Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice by Theodore S. Rappaport, Pearson / PHI Publication
2. Wireless Communications and Networks: 3G and Beyond by Iti Saha Misra, Tata McGraw Hill Publication
3. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications: Analog and Digital Systems by William C. Y. Lee, Tata McGraw Hill Publication
4. Wireless Digital Communications by Dr. Kamilo Feher, PHI Publication
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Course Name: VLSI Design Techniques

Course Code: EC-323
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to MOSFETs and physical design of VLSI circuits.
 To impart knowledge about various CMOS VLSI Design styles.
 To design MOS memories and learn high performance design techniques.
 To enable the students understand the parameters on which the circuit performance depends and their control strategies.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 MOSFETS: Fundamentals of Enhancement Mode MOSFETs, Depletion Mode MOSFETs, Weak 05L
& strong Inversion Conditions, Threshold Voltage Concept in MOSFETs, Current-Voltage (IV),
Characteristics of a MOSFET, Limitations in IV Model and MOSFET parasitics, Trends &
Projections in VLSI Design & Technology, Flow of VLSI Circuit Design, Scaling in MOS devices.

UNIT-02 VLSI Design Styles: NMOS, CMOS Process flow, Noise Margin, Inverter Threshold Voltage, 15L
NMOS Inverter design and characteristics, CMOS Inverter Design and Properties, Delay and
Power Dissipation, Parallel & Series Equivalent circuits, Static CMOS Circuit Design.

UNIT-03 VLSI Physical Design: Stick Diagrams, Physical Design Rules, Layout Designing, Euler’s Rule 05L
for Physical Design, Reliability issues in CMOS VLSI, Latching.

UNIT-04 High Performance Logics and MOS Memory Design: Precharge -Evaluate logic, Dynamic 10L
CMOS logic circuits. Transmission gate logic. MOS memories: ROM design, SRAM design and
DRAMs.

UNIT-05 CMOS Amplifiers: Single stage MOS Amplifiers: Common Source amplifier, Common Gate 03L
amplifier, Common Drain amplifier.

UNIT-06 CMOS Differential amplifiers: Differential Amplifier analysis. Large signal model. Merits and 03L
advantages of differential amplifiers over single stage amplifiers.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Comprehend and utilize digital and analog VLSI circuit design techniques and their advancements.
CO2: Identify, select and design any static and dynamic CMOS VLSI logic circuits for practical applications and memory design.
CO3: Analyse CMOS circuits with equivalent parameters and build upon the theoretical, mathematical and experimental models.
CO4: Use EDA tools and SPICE for analysis, verification and physical design simultaneously for efficient and optimal design of VLSI
Circuits.
CO5: Generate interest and competence in self-directed continuing professional development and for sustainable research and
Development in VLSI design for societal and global interest.
Books and References
1. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits-Analysis & Design by S.M. Kang and Y. Leblebici, TMH.
2. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits by B. Razavi, TMH.
3. Solid State Electronic Devices by B.G. Streetman and S. Banerjee, PHI.
4. Principles of CMOS VLSI Design- A Systems Perspective by Neil H E Weste and K. Eshraghian.
5. Introduction to VLSI by K. Eshraghian and Pucknell, PHI.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Antenna and Wave Propagation
Course Code: EC-324
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Electromagnetic radiation, antenna basic parameters, antenna arrays and their patterns, special
antennas, wave propagation over ground, through troposphere and ionosphere.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to electromagnetic theory and its application to antennas and wave propagation.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Electromagnetic radiation: Radiation phenomenon from an oscillation dipole in free space, Induction 06L
and radiation fields, Retarded potentials, Radiated power and radiation resistance from a short dipole,
Half wave dipole and quarter wave monopole.
UNIT-02 Antenna Fundamentals: Directional properties of antennas, Radiation patterns, Antenna gain 06L
and aperture, Antenna terminal impedance, Self and mutual impedance, Front to back ratio,
Antenna beam width and bandwidth, Antenna efficiency, Antenna beam area, Polarization,
Antenna temperature and Reciprocity properties of antennas.
UNIT-03 Antenna Arrays: Classification of arrays, Linear arrays of two point sources, Linear arrays of n- 12L
point sources, Pattern multiplication, Array factor, Linear arrays of equal amplitude and spacing
(Broad side and end fire arrays) of n-point sources, Directivity and beam width, Non-uniform
arrays excitation using Binomial series.
UNIT-04 Special Antennas: VLF and LF antennas(Hertz and Marconi antennas), Rhombic antennas, 08L
Loop antennas ,Folded dipole antennas, Yagi-uda antenna, Horn antennas, Microwave dish
antennas, Helical antennas, Microstrip Patch antennas, Fractal antennas.
UNIT-05 Ground Wave Propagation: Characteristics for ground wave propagation, Reflection at the 03L
surface of a finitely conducting plane and on earth, Attenuation Calculation of field strength at a
distance.
UNIT-06 Ionosphere Propagation: The ionosphere structure, Effective characteristics of the various 07L
layers of ionosphere, Reflection and Refraction of waves by ionosphere, Virtual height,
Maximum usable frequency, Skip distance, Regular and irregular variation of ionosphere, Fading
and Diversity reception.
Space Wave Propagation: Space wave range, Troposphere waves-reflection, Refraction, Duct
propagation, Troposphere propagation link.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify basic antenna parameters
CO2: Design and analyze wire antennas
CO3: Design and analyze antenna arrays
CO4: Analyze different antennas
CO5: To identify characteristics of radio wave propagation
Books and References
1. Antennas Theory by C.A. Balanis, Willey Publication.
2. Antennas by J. D. Kraus, McGraw Hill.
3. Antennas and Radio Propagation by R. E. Collins, McGraw-Hill.
4. Electromagnetic waves & radiating System, E. C. Jorden and B. C. Balmann, P.H.I.
5. Antenna & Wave Propagation, K. D. Prasad, Satya Prakashan New Delhi.
 Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering
Course Name: Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab
Course Code: EC-325
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits:01
Course Objectives
 To provide skills for designing flowcharts and writing algorithms
 To provide skills for writing Embedded programs
 To enable the students to debug programs
List of Experiments
1. On 8085 kit, find the Factorial of a number
2. On 8085 kit, find if a number is prime or a perfect square
3. On 8051 kit, write a program to perform serial data transfer
4. On 8051 kit, generate square wave for a given frequency and duty cycle
5. On cortex M3, write a program to perform LED binking
6. On cortex M3, write a program to verify Digitalout
7. On cortex M3, write a program to display clock on 7-segment display
8. On cortex M3, write a program to generate Analog output
9. On cortex M3, write a program to read in Analog input
10. On cortex M3, write a program to debug using serial pc
11. On cortex M3, write a program to generate PWM output
12. On cortex M3, write a program to perform counting on LCD counter
13. On cortex M3, write a program to learn Interrupt function
14. On cortex M3, write a program to understand 12c master and slave communication
15. On Intel Galileo Gen 2, plot a graph for analog input
16. On Intel Galileo Gen 2 write an Array in Arduino
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problmes at the start of semester based on above generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Write algorithms and programming task involved for a given problem
CO2: Design and develop modular programming skills
CO3: Trace and debug a program
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: VLSI Design Lab
Course Code: EC-326
Contact Hours/Week: 2P Course Credits: 01
Course Objectives
 To learn Physical Design i.e. Layout making of VLSI circuits.
 Programming in SPICE and its use for design and analysis.
 To extract various design parameters from simulation results.
 Provide students with an opportunity to practice on EDA software & tools for VLSI Design.
List of Experiments
1. Familiarity with Tanner L-EDIT EDA Tools: To study the main features and utilities of the tools for design and physical design of
circuits. Report the pros and cons of the tool.
2. To find dc and transient response of a CMOS Inverter Circuit and its Physical Design using minimum dimension criteria. Hence
extract various design parameters from simulation results.
3. To simulate transient response of CMOS NAND Gate (Fig.1). Physical Design the logic gate or design the layout, using
minimum dimension criteria.

i n1
out

nn1

i n2

Fig.1. CMOS NAND Gate.

4. Simulate firstly minimum dimension CMOS inverter circuit using SPICE. Hence analyze and plot power and delay variations i)
with voltage scaling, ii) For dimension, load and frequency variations.
5. Simulate CMOS NAND, NOR and XOR circuits using SPICE. Hence analyze and plot their power and delay variations i)with
voltage scaling, ii)For dimension, load and frequency variations.
6. Design a differential amplifier circuit for a voltage gain of 10. Design its layout.
7. Physical Design of a complex circuit AOI/ OAI, making layout using Euler’s method, for delay, power and area centric designs.
8. Design a four input CMOS NAND and NOR gates with the constraint propagation delay not exceeding 10ns. Compare LVS.
9. Familiarity with Cadence Familiarization with Cadence EDA Tools. To study the main features and utilities of the tools for design
and physical layout design. Report the same in practical file.
10. Design NAND NOR, XOR circuits using Cadence EDA Tools, for delay and power centric design criteria.
11. Physical design a full adder circuit using minimum number of CMOS NAND gates.
12. Design triangular wave generator using OP-Amps in SPICE.
13. Familiarization with COMSOL Multiphysics Tool and its applications for Design and study of 1D Heat Transfer with Radiation
model.

Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above generic list.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify and abstract the programming task involved for a given VLSI problem.
CO2: Design and develop programming skills for VLSI circuit design.
CO3: Trace and debug any VLSI related program.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: MEMS Design
Course Code: EC-371
Course Type: Open Elective- I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the need and applications of microsystem in engineering.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to fabrication and machining process of MEMS sensors and actuators.
 To enable the students to understand the various sensing and actuation mechanisms.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Introduction to MEMS and Microsystems, MEMS Materials, Structural and 04L
Sacrificial Materials, Properties of Silicon, Polymers, Ceramics, and Composites, Basic Modeling
of Elements in Electrical and Mechanical Systems, Sensors/Transducers, Sensors
Characterization and Classifications, Microactuators, Application of MEMS
UNIT-02 MEMS Fabrication: Silicon Growth, Additive Techniques: Oxidation, Physical Vapor Deposition, 10L
Chemical Vapor Deposition, Thin Film Deposition, Photolithography, Etching, Bulk and Surface
Micromachining, Etch Stop Technique and Microstructure, Microstereolithography LIGA, and Wafer
Bonding
UNIT-03 Mechanical Sensors and Actuators: Beam and Cantilever,Capacitive Sensors, Modeling a 10L
Capacitive Sensor, Capacitive Accelerometer, Pressure Sensors, Piezoresistance Effect and Its
Modeling, Piezoresistive Sensor, Flow Measrement, Piezoelectricity, Piezoactuators, Inertial Sensors,
Microaccelerometer, MEMS Gyroscope, and Parallel-Plate Actuator.
UNIT-04 Thermal Sensors: Need and Classification, Temperature Coefficient of Resistance, Thermo- 08L
Electricity, Thermocouples, Thermal and Temperature Sensors, Heat Pump, Gas sensors,
Micromachined Thermocouple Probe, Thermo-resistive Sensor,Thermal Flow Sensors,
Pyroelectricity, Shape Memory Alloy, and Thermal Actuators
UNIT-05 Micro-opto-electromechanical Systems: Properties of Light, Light Modulators, Beam Splitter, 06L
Microlens, Micromirrors, Digital Micromirror Devices, Light Detectors, Grating Light Valve, and
Optical Switch
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify structural and sacrificial materials for MEMS.
CO2: Describe the fabrication steps in designing of various MEMS parts.
CO3: Apply principles for the design of Sensor and actuators.
CO4: Apply MEMS for different applications in various fields of engineering.
Books and References
1. Introductory MEMS Fabrication and Applications by T. M. Adams and R. A. Layton, Springer Publications.
2. Sensors and Transducers by M. J. Usher, McMillian Hampshire.
3. MEMS by N. P. Mahalik, Tata McGraw Hill.
4. Microsensors by R.S. Muller, Howe, Senturia and Smith, IEEE Press.
5. Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices by Minhang Bao, Elesvier.
6. Semiconductor Sensors by S. M. Sze, Willy –Interscience Publications.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Communication Systems
Course Code: EC-372
Course Type: Open Elective- I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To understand the building blocks of analog, pulse and digital communication systems.
 To prepare mathematical background for communication signal analysis.
 To understand and analyze the signal flow in a analog, pulse and digital communication systems.

Unit Number Course Content Lectures

UNIT-01 Introduction to Communications Systems: Communication process, sources of information, 04L
communication channels, base band and pass band signals, representation of signals and systems,
classification and characterization of signals and systems.

UNIT-02 Continuous-Wave Modulation: Amplitude modulation (AM), frequency spectrum of the AM wave, 08L
representation of AM, power relations in the AM wave, AM detector, vestigial side-band modulation.

UNIT-03 Angle Modulation: Frequency spectrum of Frequency Modulation (FM) and Phase Modulation, 08L
generation of FM (direct and indirect method), demodulation of FM signal.

UNIT-04 Radio Receiver: Tuned Radio-Frequency (TRF) receiver, Super heterodyne receiver. 03L

UNIT-05 Pulse Modulation: Sampling process, Modulation and demodulation principles of : Pulse Amplitude 08L
Modulation (PAM), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Pulse
Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM).

UNIT-06 Digital Modulation Techniques : Quantization process, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Differential 08L
Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM), Delta Modulation (DM), Adaptive Delta Modulation, Amplitude –Shift
Keying (ASK), Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK), Phase-Shift Keying (PSK), QPSK.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Analyze the signals and systems used in communication systems in time domain and frequency domain.
CO2: Select and identify the functions of the blocks in the design of analog communication system.
CO3: Select and identify the functions of the blocks in the design of digital communication system.
CO4: Select and identify the functions of the blocks in the design of pulse modulation system.
CO5: Compare and analyze performance of communication systems in terms of bandwidth requirement, error performance and
complexity in design.

Books and References

1. Electronic Communication Systems by George Kennedy
2. Communication Systems by Simon Haykin
3. An Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications by Haykin
4. Principles of Communication Systems by H. Taub and D.L. Schilling
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: HDL Based Design
Course Code: EC-373
Course Type: Open Elective-I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Hardware Description Language based design approach.
 To Understand different modeling techniques used in HDL
 The ability to code and simulate any digital function in HDL.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Introduction and levels of abstraction, Modeling and Hierarchical design concepts, 05L
Languages, Compilation & Simulation, concurrency, Logic value system, Role of CAD Tools in
the VLSI design process.
UNIT-02 Language Concepts: Lexical conventions, Data types, modules and ports, Behavioral 08L
modeling, Dataflow modeling, Structural modelling.
UNIT-03 RTL Design: Control & Data partitioning, Synthesis concepts, Non-synthesizable constructs, 07L
Operators, Expressions, Conditional statements, Post synthesis simulation.
UNIT-04 Advanced Language Concepts: Procedures and timing control, Procedural blocks, Loops, 08L
Tasks and functions, Test bench modeling techniques, Path delay modeling, Timing analysis,
User defined premitives, Compiler directives, and System tasks.
UNIT-05 Hardware Modules: Boolean equations, Encoders, Decoders, Multiplexers, Cascaded 05L
multiplexers, Adders, Serial adders, Comparators, Multipliers, Divider, Sorters, Shifters, Static
and dynamic memories, Mealy & Moore finite state machine, Vending machines.
UNIT-06 Advanced Design Concepts: FPGA architecture, Static timing analysis, Synchronization, 06L
Metastability, Verification methods, Implementation on FPGA, PLA based design.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Design digital circuits in HDL.
CO2: Verify behavioral and RTL models.
CO3: Synthesize and simulate RTL design to standard cell libraries and FPGAs.
Books and References
1. Peter J. Ashenden, “The Designer's Guide to VHDL”, 2nd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2001
2. J. Bhasker, “A Verilog HDL Primer”, Star Galaxy Press, 1996.
3. Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis”, Prentice Hall, 1996.
4. Vivek Sagdeo, “The Complete Verilog Book”, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
5. Douglas J. Smith, “HDL Chip Design : A Practical guide for Designing, Synthesizing and Simulating ASICs and FPGAs using
VHDL or Verilog”, Doone Pubns, 1996.
6. Ben Cohen, “VHDL Coding Styles and Methodologies”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.
7. J. Bhasker, “A VHDL Primer”, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, 1998.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Mobile Communication
Course Code: EC-381
Course Type: Open Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To understand the basic cellular system concepts.
 To have an insight into the interference, frequency management and handoff management in cellular mobile system.
 To go in depth for understanding the popular GSM cellular mobile standard and wirelesss standards.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Wireless Communication Systems, Applications of Wireless Communication 05L
Systems, Types of Wireless Communication Systems, Trends in Mobile Communication
Systems.
UNIT-02 Cellular Mobile Systems: Basic Cellular Systems, Performance Criteria, Uniqueness of Mobile 08L
Radio Environment, Operation of Cellular Systems, Analog & Digital Cellular Systems.
UNIT-03 Elements of Cellular Radio System Design: Concept of Frequency Reuse Channels, Co- 05L
channel Interference Reduction Factor, Desired C/I From a Normal Case in an Omnidirectional
Antenna System, Handoff Mechanism, Cell Splitting.
UNIT-04 Interference in Cellular Mobile System: Co-channel Interference, Design of an 05L
Omnidirectional Antenna System in the Worst Case, Design of a Directional Antenna System,
Lowering the Antenna Height, Power Control, Reduction in C/I by Tilting Antenna, Umbrella
Pattern Effect Adjacent-Channel Interference, Near-end, Far-end Interference, Effect on Near-
end Mobile Units.
UNIT-05 Frequency Management, Channel Assignment and Handoffs: Frequency Management, 05L
Frequency-Spectrum Utilization, Set-up Channels, Fixed Channel Assignment Schemes, Non-
Fixed Channel Assignment Schemes, Concept of Handoff, Initiation of a Hard Handoff, Delaying
a Handoff, Forced Handoffs, Queuing of Handoffs, Power Difference Handoffs, Mobile Assisted
Handoff, Soft Handoffs, Cell-site Handoff, Intersystem Handoff, Dropout Calls.
UNIT-06 GSM System Overview: GSM System Architecture, GSM Radio Subsystem, GSM Channel 05L
Types, Frame Structure for GSM, Signal Processing in GSM, GPRS and EDGE.
UNIT-07 Wireless Networks: Overview of Wi-Fi, WiMAX and Bluetooth Technology: Basic Features and 04L
Physical Specifications.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Discuss cellular radio concepts.
CO2: To have knowledge of the mobile system specifications.
CO3: Classify frequency and handoff management techniques in mobile communication.
CO4: Outline cellular mobile communication standards.
CO5: Analyze various methodologies to improve the cellular capacity.
Books and References
1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications: Analog and Digital Systems by W. C. Y. Lee; Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
2. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee and WiMax by H. Labiod, H. Afifi and C. D. Santis, Springer.
3. Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice by T. S. Rappaport; Pearson Publication.
4. Wireless Communications and Networks: 3G and Beyond by Iti S. Misra; Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
5. Wireless and Digital Communications by K. Feher; PHI Publication.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Course Name: VLSI DESIGN

Course Code: EC- 382
Course Type: Open Elective -II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to MOSFETs and physical design of VLSI circuits.
 To impart knowledge about various CMOS VLSI Design styles.
 To enable the students understand the parameters on which the circuit performance depends and their control strategies.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 INTRODUCTION: Introduction to VLSI Design 03L

UNIT-02 MOSFETS: Fundamentals of Enhancement Mode MOSFETs, Depletion Mode MOSFETs, Weak 07L
& strong Inversion Conditions, Threshold Voltage Concept in MOSFETs, Current-Voltage (IV),
Characteristics of a MOSFET, Limitations in IV Model and MOSFET parasitic, Trends &
Projections in VLSI Design & Technology, Flow of VLSI Circuit Design, Scaling in MOS devices.

UNIT-03 VLSI Design Styles: NMOS, CMOS Process flow, Noise Margin, Inverter Threshold Voltage, 10L
NMOS Inverter design and characteristics, CMOS Inverter Design and Properties, Delay and
Power Dissipation, Parallel & Series Equivalent circuits, Static CMOS Circuit Design.

UNIT-04 VLSI Physical Design: Stick Diagrams, Physical Design Rules, Layout Designing, Euler’s Rule 05L
for Physical Design, Reliability issues in CMOS VLSI, Latching.

UNIT-05 High Performance Logics and MOS Memory Design: Static CMOS design Dynamic CMOS 10L
logic circuits. Transmission gate logic. MOS memories: ROM design, SRAM design and DRAMs.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understanding of conventional Semiconductor device MOSFET used in VLSI design.
CO2: Design of static and dynamic CMOS VLSI logic circuits for practical applications and memory design.
CO3: Use of VLSI design in designing various applications required in different engineering branches
CO4: Generate interest and competence in self-directed continuing professional development and for sustainable research and
Development in VLSI design for societal and global interest.
Books and References
1. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits-Analysis & Design by S.M. Kang and Y. Leblebici, TMH.
2. Solid State Electronic Devices by B.G. Streetman and S. Banerjee, PHI.
3. Principles of CMOS VLSI Design- A Systems Perspective by Neil H E Weste and K. Eshraghian.
4. Introduction to VLSI by K. Eshraghian and Pucknell, PHI.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Artificial Intelligence And Deep Learning
Course Code: EC-383
Course Type: Open Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Artificial Neural networks and deep learning.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to ANN architectures and deep learning algorithms.
 To introduce advanced topics of deep learning architectures and Natural Language Processing.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: History of Deep Learning, Deep Learning fundamentals, Training Deep 02L
Architectures, Intermediate Representations: Sharing Features and Abstractions across Tasks,
Sigmoid Neurons, Gradient Decent, Feedforward Neural Networks, Dropout, Back propagation,
Regularization, Batch normalization.
UNIT-02 Deep Learning with Tensor Flow: Principal component Analysis and its interpretations, 10L
Singular Value Decomposition, Greedy Layer wise Pre-training, Better activations, Better
weight initialization methods, Batch Normalization, Introduction of deep learning, How deep
learning works, Introduction to Tensor flow.
UNIT-03 Deep Learning Algorithms: Gradient Descent and Back propagation, Improving deep network, 03L
Multi-Layer Neural Networks, CNN, Deep Generative Architectures, Mini-batches,Unstable
Gradients, and Avoiding Overfitting, Applying deep net theory to code, Introduction to
convolutional neural networks for visual recognition.
UNIT-04 Advanced Deep Architectures: RNNs, RNNs in practice, LSTMs and GRUs, LSTMs and 12L
GRUs in practice, Reinforcement Learning, GANs.
UNIT-05 Natural Language Processing: Natural Language Processing and understanding, Word 03L
Vectors, Basic RNN Models, Attention based models, Evaluation functions.
UNIT-06 Applications of Deep Learning: Self-driving cars, Healthcare, Voice services, Translation, Text
and audio generation, Image recognition, Advertising and finance.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the key components of AI field and its relation and role in computer science.
CO2: Understand the Natural Language Processing.
CO3: Build architectures for solving real life problems.
Books and References
1. Li Deng and Dong Yu, “Deep Learning: Methods and Applications”.
2. Michael Nielsen, “Neural Networks and Deep Learning”.
3. Aurelien Geron, Oreilly, “Hands-On Learning with Scikit-Learn and Tensorflow”.
4. Christopher Bishop, “Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning” 2nd Edition.
5. Ian Goodfellow and Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville, “Deep Learning”, An MIT Press book.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Control System
Course Code: EC-411
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To discuss basic concepts of linear systems.
 To provide a basic understanding of mathematical model of linear systems.
 To introduce the fundamental concept of different control components.
 To enable the students to understand the concepts of time and frequency domain analysis.
 The students can be able to learn stability analysis.
 To discuss the concept of state varibale.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Basic Concepts: Historical Review, Definitions, Classification, Relative Merits and Demerits of Open 03L
and Closed Loop Systems.
UNIT-02 Mathematical Models of Control System: Linear and Non-Linear Systems, Transfer Function, 07L
Mathematical Modeling of Electrical, Mechanical and Thermal Systems, Analogies, Block Diagrams
and Signal Flow Graphs.
UNIT-03 Control Components: DC Servomotor, AC Servomotor, Potentiometers, Synchronous, Stepper- 05L
Motor.

UNIT-04 Time and Frequency Domain Analysis: Transient and Frequency Response of First and 09L
Second Order Systems, Correlationship Between Time and Frequency Domain Specifications,
Steady-State Errors and Error Constants, Concepts and Applications of P, PD, PI and PID
Types of Control.

UNIT-05 Stability Analysis: Definition, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion, Root Locus Techniques, Nyquist 07L
Criterion, Bode Plots, Relative Stability, Gain Margin and Phase Margins.

UNIT-06 State Variable Analysis: Introduction, Concept of State, State Variables & State Models, State 08L
Space Representation of Linear Continuous Time Systems, State Models for Linear Continuous
Time Systems, State Variables and Linear Discrete Time Systems, Solution of State Equations,
Concept of Controllability & Observability.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Demonstrate fundamentals of (feedback) control systems.
CO2: Explain mathematical model for different systems.
CO3: Explain different control componets.
CO4: Explain the the realation between time and frequency domain specification and employ controllers such as P, PD, PI and PID
control design.
CO5: The use and significance of the different tools for control system design and analysis such as Nyquist plots, Bode plots,
Evans plots (root locus).
CO6: Demonstrate concept of state variable and state model.
Books and References
1. Discrete-Time Control Systems by K. Ogata, Prentice Hall India Learning Pvt. Ltd.
2. An Introduction to Control Systems by K. Warwick, World Scientific Publishing Co. Ptv. Ltd.
3. Control System Fundamentals by W. S. Levine, CRC Press.
4. Modern Control Systems by R. C. Dorf and R. H. Bishop, Prentice Hall.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Optical Communication Systems & Networks
Course Code: EC-412
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce the students to various optical fiber modes, configurations and various signal degradation factors associated
with optical fiber and to study about various optical sources and optical detectors and their use in the optical communication
system.

Unit Number Course Content Lectures

UNIT-01 OVERVIEW : 10L
The Electromagnetic Spectrum, Properties of Light, Dual Nature of Light Concept of A Photon,
Wave Model, Characteristics of Light Waves. Concepts of Information, General Communication
Systems, Evolution of Basic Fiber Optic Communication System, Benefits and Disadvantages of
Fiber Optics. Transmission Windows. Transmission Through Optical Fiber, The Laws of
Reflection and Refraction, Light Rays and Light Waves, Reflection of Light From Optical
Surfaces, Refraction of Light From Optical Interfaces, The Numerical Aperture (NA), The Optical
Fiber, Types of Fiber.
UNIT-02 LOSSES IN OPTICAL FIBER: 08L
Attenuation, Material Absorption Losses, Linear and Non Linear Scattering Losses, Fiber Bend
Loss, Dispersion Viz. Inter Modal Dispersion and Intra Modal Dispersion, Overall Fiber
Dispersion and Polarization, Dispersion Shifted and Dispersion Flattened Fibers, Attenuation
and Dispersion Limits in Fibers, Kerr Nonlinearity, Self Phase Modulation, Combined Effect of
Dispersion and Self Phase Modulation
UNIT-03 FIBER MATERIAL, COUPLERS AND CONNECTORS: 06L
Preparation of Optical Fiber: Liquid-Phase Techniques, Vapor Phase Deposition Techniques,
Connector Principles, Fiber End Preparation, Splices, Connectors.
UNIT-04 OPTICAL SOURCES AND DETECTORS: 08L
Sources: Basic Principle of Surface Emitter LED and Edge Emitter LED- Material Used,
Structure, Internal Quantum Efficiency and Characteristics, LASER Diode - Material Used,
Structure, Internal Quantum Efficiency and Characteristics, Working Principle and
Characteristics of Distributed Feedback (DFB) Laser. Detectors: PIN Photodiode - Material
Used, Working Principle & Characteristics, Avalanche Photodiode: - Material Used, Working
Principle and Characteristics.
UNIT-05 ADVANCED TOPICS: 07L
Optical TDM, SCM, WDM And Hybrid Multiplexing Methods, Fiber Optic Networks,
Transreceivers for Fiber-Optic Networks, Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber
Amplifiers (Edfas).
UNIT-06 OPTICAL NETWORKS: 06L
Elements and Architecture of Fiber-Optic Network, SONET/SDH, ATM, IP, Optical Line
Terminals (OLT), Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers, Optical Cross Connects.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able
CO1:To learn the basic elements of optical fiber transmission link, fiber modes configurations and structures
CO2:To understand the different kind of losses, signal distortion in optical wave guides and other signal degradation factors.
CO3:To learn the fiber optical receivers such as PIN APD diodes, noise performance in photo detector, receiver operation and
configuration
CO4:To learn the various optical source materials, LED structures, quantum efficiency, Laser diodes
CO5:To understand the optical multiplexing techniques.
CO6:To understand the optical network and its architecture.

Books and References

1. J.C. Palais, “Fiber Optic Communications” 5th edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005.
2. Gerd Keiser, “Optical Fiber Communications” 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, 2000.
3. R Ramaswami and K.N.Sivarajan, “Optical Networks: A practical perspective” 3rd edition, Morgan Kaufman, 2010.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Data Communication & Computer Networks
Course Code: EC-421
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce basic concepts of Data communication with different models. Enumerate the physical layer, Data Link Layer,
Network Layer, Transport Layer and Application Layer, explanation of the function(s) of each layer. Understanding of
switching concept and different types of switching techniques.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction to Data Communication: Goals and Applications of Networks, Wireless Network, 04L
Interfaces and services. Reference Models: The OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model.
UNIT-02 Physical Layer: Analog and Digital, Analog Signals, Digital Signals, Analog versus Digital, Data Rate 08L
Limit, Transmission Impairments, Line Coding, Block Coding, Sampling, Transmission Mode,
Modulation of Digital Data, Telephone Modems, Modulation of Analog Signal, FDM, WDM, TDM,
Guided Media, Unguided Media, Switching.
UNIT-03 Data Link Layer: Data Link Layer Design Issues, Services Provided to Network Layers, Framing, 08L
Error Control, Flow Control, Error Detection and Correction, Elementary Data Link Protocols, An
Unrestricted Simplex Protocol, A Simplex Stop-and-Wait Protocol, Simplex Protocol for a Noisy
Channel, Sliding Window Protocols, A protocol using go-back-N, A Protocol using Selective Repeat,
Example Data Link Protocol-HDLC, PPP.
UNIT-04 Medium Access Sublayer: Channel Allocations, Random Access, ALOHA, Carrier Sense 08L
Multiple Access Protocols, Collision Free Protocols, Limited Contention Protocols, Controlled
Access, Channelization, Wired LANs: Ethernet, Wireless LANs.
UNIT-05 Network Layer: Internetworks, Addressing, Routing, ARP, IP, ICMP, IPV6, Unicast Routing, 05L
Unicast Routing Protocol, Multicast Routing, Multicast Routing Protocols.
UNIT-06 Transport Layer: Process to Process Delivery, User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Transmission 05L
Control Protocol (TCP), Data Traffic, Congestion, Congestion Control, Quality of Service,
Techniques to Improve QOS, Integrated Services, QOS in Switched Networks
UNIT-07 Application Layer: Design Issues of the Layer, Domain Name Systems, File Transfer, http, 04L
Web Documents, Virtual Terminals.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Give the basic information of how a network can be designed, possible choice of various models for designing a network.
CO2: Understand the protocol layer specific communication between two trusted entities.
CO3:Analyse the possible attacks on a network to interrupt the transmission and mislead the communication between different
entities.
CO4: Analyse the shortest path over which data can be transmitted, able to design a routing protocol implementing security
mechanisms for secure transmission of data from sender to the receiver.
CO5:Understand the subject based on course work, assignments and through implementation on a specific platform
CO6:Design a network topology with the available networking elements and can implement a routing protocol along with a secure
mechanism ensuring the error free transmission of data.
Books and References
1. Data Communications and Networking by Ferouzan, Behrouz A, TATA McGraw Hill.
2. Data and Computer Communication by Stallings William, Pearson Education.
3. An Engineering Approach on Computer Networking by S. Keshav, Addison Welsey.
4. Introduction to Data Communications and Networking by Wayne Tomasi, Pearson.
5. Computer Networks by A.S. Tanenbaum, PHI.
 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Course Name: Signal Processing for Image & Video
Course Code: EC-431
Course Type: Professional Elective - I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To study basic techniques for digital image and video processing.
 To study of techniques based on different models of the image and the type of application.
 To understand linear and non-linear filtering, enhancement and restoration, coding as well as vision systems for industrial
and biomedical applications.
 To extend the image analysis priciples and techniques to video processing.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Fundamentals of Image Processing: Basic Steps of Image Processing System Sampling and 04L
Quantization of an Image –Basic Relationship Between Pixels Image Transforms: 2 –D Discrete
Fourier Transform, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transforms.

UNIT-02 Image Processing Techniques: Image Enhancement: Spatial Domain Methods: Histogram 08L
Processing, Fundamentals of Spatial Filtering, Smoothing Spatial Filters, Sharpening Spatial
Filters Frequency Domain Methods: Basics of Filtering in Frequency Domain, Image Smoothing,
Image Sharpening, Selective Filtering Image Segmentation: Segmentation Concepts, Point, Line
and Edge Detection, Thresholding, Region Based Segmentation.

UNIT-03 Image Compression: Image Compression Fundamentals–Coding Redundancy, Spatial and 08L
Temporal Redundancy. Compression Models: Lossy and Lossless, Huffmann Coding, Arithmetic
Coding, LZW Coding, Run Length Coding, Bit Plane Coding, Transform Coding, Predictive Coding ,
Wavelet Coding, JPEG Standards.

UNIT-04 Basic Steps of Video Processing: Analog video, Digital Video, Time varying Image 08L
Formation Models : 3D Motion Models, Geometric Image formation , Photometric Image
Formation, Sampling of Video Signals, Filtering Operations.

UNIT-05 2-D Motion Estimation: Optical Flow, General Methodologies, Pixel Based Motion 08L
Estimation, Block Matching Algorithm, Mesh Based Motion Estimation, Global Motion
Estimation, Region Based Motion Estimation, Multi Resolution Motion Estimation. Waveform
Based Coding, Block Based Transform Coding, Predictive Coding, Application of Motion Estimation
in Video Coding.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Create simple image processing systems
CO2: Create simple video processing systems
CO3: Compare image processing tools
CO4: Compare video processing tools
CO5: Select appropriately optimal image and video processing tools
CO6: Use Matlab to perform fundamental image processing applications such as image filtering
CO7: Use Matlab to perform video processing applications such motion estimation

Books and References

1. Digital Image Processing by Gonzaleze and Woods, 3rd edition, Pearson.
2. Video processing and communication by Yao wang, Joem Ostarmann and Ya –quin Zhang, 1st edition, PHI
3. Digital video Processing by M. Tekalp, Prentice Hall International
 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Course Name: Cad Of Integrated Circuits
Course Code: EC-432
Course Type: Professional Elective-I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the fundamentals of computer aided design tools for the modeling, design, analysis of VLSI systems.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to test, verification of vlsi systems .
 To enable the students to understand the FPGs based synthesis.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction to Hierarchical and Structured Design: Role of CAD Tools in the VLSI design 04L
process, CAD Algorithms for switch level and circuits simulation, Techniques and algorithms for
symbolic layout, Algorithms for physical design – Placement and routing Algorithms,
Compaction, Circuit extraction and Testing.
UNIT-02 Specification of Combinational Systems Using HDL: Introduction to HDL, Basic language 06L
element of HDL, Behavioral Modeling, Data flow modeling, Structural modeling, Subprograms
and HDL description of gates, Barrel shifters, arithmetic and logic units, Binary decoder, Binary
encoder, Multiplexers applications, Floating Point arithmetic-representation of floating point
number, Floating point multiplication, Adders, Multipliers.
UNIT-03 Language Constructs and their Hardware Synthesis: Digital hardware modeling: logic and 07L
system level modeling, Hardware description languages, RTL simulation, Synchronous and
asynchronous system design.
UNIT-04 Design of Sequential Circuits: Shifters, Design of a Serial adder, Serial multiplier, Booth’s 05L
multiplier, Sequential detectors, Vending machines, Signed and unsigned multipliers, Design of
a binary divider.
UNIT-05 Data Subsystems: Storage modules, Functional modules, Data paths, Control subsystems, 04L
Micro programmed controller, Memory subsystem, static timing analysis, Processors, Operation
of the computer and cycle time.
UNIT-06 FPGA based synthesis: Multilevel logic synthesis, Logic optimization, Logic simulation, 06L
Compiled and event simulators, Relative advantages and disadvantages, Xilinx Zynq FPGA
architecture, Features and applications, Design considerations of SoC and FPGA synthesis,
Introduction to testing and DFT.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Establish comprehensive understanding of the varios phases of CAD for digital electronic systems, from digital logic
Simulation to physical design, including test and verification.
CO2: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of fundamental concepts in CAD.
CO3: Demonstrate the knowledge of computational and optimization algorithms and tools applicable to solving CAD related
problems.
Books and References
1. J. Bhaskar, “A VHDL Primer”, Addison Wesley, 1999
2. Joseph Yiu, “Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
3. H. Roth, “Digital System Design using VHDL”, PWS Publishing.
4. G. DeMicheli, “Synthesis and optimization of digital circuits”, McGraw Hill.
5. J.F. Wakerly, “Digital Design-Principles and Practices”, PHL
6. Douglas Perry, “VHDL”, MGH.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Course Name: Electronics Device Modeling

Course Code: EC-433
Course Type: Professional Elective-I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To bring home knowledge of basics and fundamentals of electronics device modeling.
 Build upon the theoretical, mathematical and physical analysis of electronic devices used in VLSI, for proper understanding
of e-circuit design, simulation and working.
 To provide students with an opportunity to understand and practice on SPICE platform.

Unit Number Course Content Lectures

UNIT-01 Introduction to Device Modeling: Introduction, physical significance of device modeling, 05L
various devices used in device modeling. Material used in device modeling. Trends & projections
in device modeling.

UNIT-02 Junction Diodes: Depletion region of a p-n junction, Depletion-region capacitance, DC, small 10L
signal, large signal, high frequency model of diodes. Measurement and extraction of diode
model parameters.

UNIT-03 Bipolar Junction Transistors: DC, small signal, high frequency models of bipolar junction 05L
transistors. Ebers Moll model. Extraction of BJT model parameters, transistor frequency
response.

UNIT-04 MOSFETs: MOSFET fundamentals, Types of MOSFETs, Concept of threshold voltage, Large 10L
signal behavior MOSFETs, Comparison of operating regions of Bipolar and MOS Transistors,
Shichman Hodges and Level-1 MOS Models, Introduction to Charge–Sheet Models.

UNIT-05 Short & Narrow Channel Effects in MOSFETs: Velocity saturation from horizontal field, 05L
Mobility degradation from the vertical field, Weak Inversion in MOS Transistors, Narrow & Short
Channel Effects in MOSFETs.

UNIT-06 Modern VLSI Devices: Principle of hetro-junction devices, High speed devices compound 05L
devices, opto devices.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Comprehend the insight of electronic devices so as to provide appropriate and economically viable solutions to electronics
engineering community and society at large.
CO2: Identify the new state of art electronic devices models to solve the real world research problems.
CO3: Apply principles of usage of EDA tools & techniques for experimentation for effective & efficient design of e-devices in particular
& e-circuits in general.
CO4: Assess performance of electronic devices without actual fabrication so as to deal with e-designing for practical aspects and
generate interest and competence in self-directed continuing professional development.

Books and References

1. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits-Analysis & Design by S.M. Kang & Y. Leblibici, TMH.
2. Physics of Semiconductor Devices by S.M. Sze, Wiley Pub.
3. Introduction to PSPICE by H.M. Rashid, PHI.
4. Solid State Electronic Devices by B.G. Streetman & S. Baneerjee, PHI.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: RF IC Design
Course Code: EC-435
Course Type: Professional Elective-I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about Characteristics of Passive IC Components at RF Frequencies, High Frequency Amplifier Design, Low
Noise Amplifier Design, Mixers, RF power amplifiers, Oscillators & synthesizers.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Characteristics of Passive IC Components at RF Frequencies: Interconnects, Resistors, 08L
Capacitors, Inductors and Transformers – Transmission lines, Noise – classical two-port noise
theory, Noise models for active and passive components.
UNIT-02 High Frequency Amplifier Design: Zeros as bandwidth enhancers, Shunt-series amplifier, FT 07L
doublers, Neutralization and Unilateralization.
UNIT-03 Low Noise Amplifier Design: LNA topologies, Power constrained noise optimization, Linearity 06L
and large signal performance.
UNIT-04 Mixers: Nonlinear systems as linear mixers, Multiplier-based mixers, Subsampling mixers, 06L
Diode-ring mixers.
UNIT-05 RF power amplifiers: Class A, AB, B, C, D, E and F amplifiers, Modulation of power amplifiers, 07L
Design and linearity considerations.
UNIT-06 Oscillators & synthesizers: Basic topologies, VCO, Describing functions, Resonators, 08L
Negative resistance oscillators, Synthesis with static moduli, Synthesis with dithering moduli,
Combination synthesizers – Phase noise considerations.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the Characteristics of Passive IC Components at RF Frequencies.
CO2: Design and analyse the High Frequency Amplifie.
CO3: Design and analyse Low Noise Amplifier and Mixers
CO4: Design and analyse RF power amplifiers
CO5: Design and analyse Oscillators & synthesizers.
Books and References
1. The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits by Thomas H. Lee, 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004.
2. RF Microelectronics by Behzad Razavi, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1998.
3. Integrated Circuits for Wireless Communications by A.A. Abidi, P.R. Gray and R.G. Meyer, IEEE Press, 1999.
4. RF Circuit Design, Theory and Applications by R. Ludwig and P. Bretchko, Pearson, 2000.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Course Name: Optimization Techniques

Course Code: EC-436
Course Type: Professional Elective-I
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To teach basics and fundamentals of optimization.
 To build upon the theoretical and mathematical models for optimization techniques.
 To provide students with an opportunity to understand and practice optimized designing.

Unit Number Course Content Lectures

UNIT-01 Single Variable Non-Linear unconstrained optimization: One dimensional Optimization 07L
methods, Uni-modal function, Elimination methods, Fibonacci method, Golden section method,
Interpolation methods, Quadratic & cubic interpolation methods.

UNIT-02 Multi Variable Non-linear unconstrained optimization: Direct search method – Univariant 10L
method, pattern search methods, Powell’s- Hook -Jeeves, Rosenbrock search methods-
Gradient methods, Gradient of function, Steepest decent method, Fletcher Reeves method,
Variable metric method.

UNIT-03 Linear Programming: Formulation–Sensitivity analysis, Change in the constraints, Cost 05L
coefficients, Coefficients of the constraints, Addition and deletion of variable, Constraints.

UNIT-04 Integer Programming: Introduction – formulation, Gomory cutting plane algorithm, Zero or one 10L
algorithm, Branch and bound method , Stochastic programming, Basic concepts of probability
theory, Random variables–distributions–mean, Variance, Correlation, Co–variance, Joint
probability distribution, Stochastic linear, Dynamic programming.

UNIT-05 Geometric Programming: Polynomials, arithmetic, Geometric inequality, Unconstrained, Non- 08L
traditional optimization Techniques: Genetic Algorithms–Steps–Solving simple problems
Comparisons of similarities and dissimilarities between traditional and non-traditional techniques,
Particle Swarm Optimization.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Comprehend the insight of optimization requirements for any system.
CO2: Identify the conventional and new state of the art optimization techniques.
CO3: Apply principles of usage of optimization techniques for electronic design.
CO4: Assess and analyse the performance of optimized designs.

Books and References

1. Optimization Theory & Applications by S. S. Rao, John Wiley & Sons, 1978.
2. Optimization for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples by K. Deb, Prentice Hall India Learning Private Limited, 2012.
3. Optimization: Theory and Practice by M. C. Joshi and K. M. Moudgalya, Cambridge Alpha Science International Ltd., 2004.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation
Course Code: EC-451
Course Type: Professional Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce the various methods of instrumentation and parameters
 To impart knowledge about the various AC and DC measurement instruments
 To enable the students to understand the various types and transducers, display and indicating devices, signal generators and
their use for measurements
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Instrumentation Scheme & Characteristics: Definition, Application and Methods of 07L
Measurements, Instrument Classification, Functional Elements of an instrument, Input Output
Configuration of Measuring Instruments, Methods of Correction for Interfering and Modifying
Inputs, Standards, Calibration, Accuracy, Precision, Loading Effects, Selection of Instruments,
Measurement Systems–Static and Dynamic Characteristics, Zero Order, First Order and Second
Order Systems and their Response
UNIT-02 Error analysis: Types of Errors, Methods of Error Analysis, Uncertainty Analysis, Statistical 08L
Analysis, Gaussian Error Distribution, Rejection of Data, Method of Least Square, Curve Fitting,
Graphical Analysis, General Consideration in Data Analysis
UNIT-03 DC & AC Measurement: Analog Ammeter, Voltmeter and Ohmmeters, PMMC, Moving Iron, 05L
Electro-dynamometer, Electrostatic, Ohmmeter, Digital type voltmeter, AC Voltmeter using
Rectifier, True RMS Voltmeter, Digital VOM Meter
UNIT-04 Transducers: Principles, Classification, Guidelines for Selection, Requirements, Types and 08L
Application of Transducers, Resistance, Capacitance, Inductance Transducers, Potentiometer,
Strain Gauges, LVDT, Piezo Electric Transducers, Resistance Thermometers, Thermocouples,
Thermistors, Photosensitive Device, Capacitive Transducer, Hall Effect Transducers, Pyroelectric
Sensors, Thermo Sensors using Semiconductor Devices, Thermal Radiation Sensor,
Measurement of Force, Pressure, Velocity, Humidity, Moisture, Speed, Proximity and
Displacement
UNIT-05 Display and Indicating Devices: Telemetry and Remote sensing, Geographical Information 04L
System, Digital Display Devices and Recorders, CRO
UNIT-06 Signal Generators and Analyzers: Function Generators, RF Signal Generators, Sweep 05L
Frequency Generator, Frequency Synthesizer, Wave Analyzer, Harmonic Distortion Analyzer,
Spectrum Analyzer
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to

CO1: Describe basic principles of instrumentations and measurements associated with engineering, design and the general
technology applications
CO2: Use and calibrate common errors in instruments and their analysis.
CO3: Selecting appropriate sensors, instruments, display devices and analyzers for the task under consideration.
CO4: Understanding various transducers available, their operating principles, strengths and weaknesses.
CO5: Select optimum transducer, analyzers and display devices to assemble a system for routine measurements of
environmental and dynamic phenomena
Books and References
1. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques by A.D. Helfrick and W.D. Cooper, Prentice Hall.
2. Instruments and Measurements by C.N. Herrick, Mc Graw Hill.
3. Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation by A. K Sawhney, Dhanpat Rai Publishing.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Industrial Electronics
Course Code: EC-452
Course Type: Core
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To study the operation of various power semiconductor devices
 To describe the operation of Converter, Chopper and Inverter circuits consisting of power semiconductor devices
for various circuit-configurations
 To understand some practical applications of power semiconductor devices
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Power Semiconductor Devices: Thyristor, Thyristor characteristics, Thyristor turn-on 11L
methods, Thyristor protection, Series and parallel operation of thyristors, Thyristor
commutation, Characteristics of Diac and Triac, Power diode, Power transistor, Power
MOSFET, IGBT.

UNIT-02 Phase Controlled Converters: Principle of phase control, Single-phase half-wave 8L

circuit with different types of load, Single-phase full-wave mid-point converter, Single-
phase full-wave bridge converters, Single-phase semiconverter, Three-phase thyristor
converters, Single-phase and three-phase dual converters.

UNIT-03 DC Choppers: Principle of chopper operation and control strategies, Step-up and step- 6L
down choppers, Types of chopper circuits, Voltage-commutated chopper,
Current-commutated chopper, Load-commutated chopper.

UNIT-04 Inverters: Single-phase voltage source inverters, Modified McMurray half-bridge and 8L
full-bridge inverter, McMurray-Bedford half-bridge and full-bridge inverter, Pulse-width
modulated inverters, Current source inverters, Series inverters, Parallel inverter.

UNIT-05 Applications of Industrial Electronics: Switched mode power supply (SMPS), 3L

Uninterruptible power supplies, Solid state relays.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand and explain various power semiconductor devices
CO2: Understand and explain the operation of Converter, Chopper and Inverter circuits consisting of power semiconductor
devices

Books and References

1. Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications by Muhammad H. Rashid, Pearson / PHI Publication
2. Power Electronics by Dr. P. S. Bimbhra, Khanna Publishers
3. Power Electronics by P. C. Sen, Tata McGraw Hill Publication
4. Power Electronics by C. W. Lander, McGraw Hill Publication
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Radar and Navigational Aids
Course Code: EC-453
Course Type: Professional Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce the basic functioning of a radar system and to make the students understand this by taking a specific example of MTI
and PULSE Doppler radar.
 Implement the usage of these systems with the help of Navigation Aids.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Introduction to Radar, Applications of Radar, Radar Frequencies, Working 10L
Principle of Radar, Radar block diagram, Simple form of Radar Equation, Minimum detectable
signal, Range to a target, Pulse repetition frequency and range ambiguities.
UNIT-02 Radar System: Maximum radar range, Detection of Signals in Noise, Receiver noise and SNR, 06L
Integration of radar pulse, Radar cross section of targets, RADAR detection, Range & Doppler
measurements, tracking.
UNIT-03 MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Concept of Doppler Effect, Introduction to Doppler and MTI 12L
Radar, Doppler frequency shift, CW Doppler radar, MTI radar, Delay line cancellers, Staggered
PRF, pulse Doppler radar, FM-CW radar, Tacking Radar, Sequential lobing, Conical Scan,
Monopulse, Acquisition, Comparison of Track, Detection of Radar signals in noise, Matched filter
criterion-detection criterion, Extraction of information and waveform design, Propagation of radar
waves, Radar clutter.
UNIT-04 Navigation Aids: Radio Direction Finding, Loop Antenna, Loop Input Circuits, Aural Null 14L
Direction Finder, Goniometer, Errors in Direction Finding, Adcock Direction Finders, Direction
Finding at Very High Frequencies, Automatic Direction Finders, Commutated Aerial Direction
Finder, Range and Accuracy of Direction Finders Radio Ranges, LF/MF Four course Radio
Range, VHF Omni Directional Range(VOR), VOR Receiving Equipment, Range and Accuracy of
VOR, Recent Developments, Global Positioning System (GPS).
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the basic working of a RADAR.
CO2: Understand the working of a Moving target Indicator (MTI) on the basis of Doppler shift.
CO3: Understand the working of a MTI, Pulse Doppler Radar and Tracking radar
CO4: Understand and identify different Navigational Techniques and Aids
Books and References
1. Introduction to Radar Systems by Skolnik,Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Electronic Navigation by Nagaraja, Tata McGraw Hill.
3. Radar Principles by Peyton Z. Peebles, John Wiley and Sons (2004).
4. Radar Foundation for Imaging & Advanced Concepts by R.J Sullivan, PHI, 2004.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Artificial Intelligence And Deep Learning
Course Code: EC-454
Course Type: Professional Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Artificial Neural networks and deep learning.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to ANN architectures and deep learning algorithms.
 To introduce applications and usage of deep learning architectures
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: History of Deep Learning, Deep Learning fundamentals, Training Deep 05L
Architectures, Intermediate Representations: Sharing Features and Abstractions across Tasks,
Sigmoid Neurons, Gradient Decent, Feed forward Neural Networks, Dropout, Back propagation,
Regularization, Batch normalization.
UNIT-02 Deep learning with Tensor flow: Principal component, Analysis and its interpretations, 10L
Singular Value Decomposition, Greedy Layer wise Pre-training, Better activations, Better
weight initialization methods, Batch Normalization, Introduction of deep learning, How deep
learning works, Introduction to Tensor flow.
UNIT-03 Deep Learning Algorithms: Gradient Descent and Back propagation, Improving deep network, 09L
Multi-Layer Neural Networks, CNN, Deep Generative Architectures, Mini-batches, Unstable
Gradients, and Avoiding Overfitting, Applying deep net theory to code, Introduction to
convolutional neural networks for visual recognition.
UNIT-04 Advanced Deep Architectures: RNNs, RNNs in practice, LSTMs and GRUs, LSTMs and 07L
GRUs in practice, Reinforcement Learning, GANs.
UNIT-05 Natural Language Processing: Natural Language Processing and understanding, Word 05L
Vectors, Basic RNN Models, Attention based models, evaluation functions.
UNIT-06 Applications of deep learning: Self-driving cars, healthcare, voice services, translation, text 03L
and audio generation, image recognition, advertising and finance.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the key components of AI field and its relation and role in computer science.
CO2: Apply architectures and optimize parameters to practical objectives.
CO3: Understand the use cases and build solutions to unsolved problems.
Books and References
1. Li Deng and Dong Yu, “Deep Learning: Methods and Applications”.
2. Michael Nielsen, “Neural Networks and Deep Learning”.
3. Aurelien Geron, Oreilly, “Hands-On Learning with Scikit-Learn and Tensorflow”.
4. Christopher Bishop, “Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning”, 2e.
5. Ian Goodfellow and Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville, “Deep Learning, An MIT Press book”.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Reliability Engineering
Course Code: EC-455
Course Type: Professional Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To introduce the concepts of Reliability in engineering with different mathematical models. To study defferent types of
system along with their evaluation. To study Reliability improvement and gain knowledge about maintainability and
Availiability of the system
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 RELIABILITY: Introduction to Reliability, Definition of Reliability, Reliability Components and Their 10L
Classifications, Reliability Measures, Failure Data Analysis, Failure, Causes of Failures, Characteristic
and Types of Failures, Causes and Modes of failures, Components and Systems, Hazards and its
Models, Distribution Function (i) Normal (ii) Log-normal (iii) Exponential and Wibull and their
Importance in Reliability Theory.
UNIT-02 RELIABILITY EVALUATION: Introduction to System Reliability for Non-Maintained and Maintained 06L
System having Functional Blocks in (i) Series (ii) Parallel (iii) Series Parallel (iv) Non Series Parallel.
UNIT-03 RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT: Improvement of Components: Redundancy, Stand by with Perfect 07L
and Imperfect Switching, Comparison of Component Redundancy to System Redundancy,
Optimization, Redundancy Techniques for Reliability Optimization.
UNIT-04 MAINTAINABILITY: Concept and Definition of Maintainability, Objective of Maintenance, 08L
Classification of Maintenance, Measures of Maintainability, Factors Effecting Maintenance
Levels, Maintenance Personnel, Preventive Maintenance, Provisioning of Spares.
UNIT-05 AVAILABILITY: Concept and Definition of Availability, Types of Availability, Measure of 07L
Availability and Factors Affecting it.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1:Give the basic information of how reliability theory and its models.
CO2: Understand the reliability evaluation.
CO3: Analyse various methods for reliability improvement.
CO4: Understand the concept of maintainability along with its classifications.
CO5: Analysis of Availability concept.
Books and References
1. Reliability engineering by L. S. Srinath, 4th Edition, East- West Press Private Limited.
2. Reliability engineering by K.K Agarwa.,Springer.
3. Reliability engineering by A.K. Govil, Tata McGraw – Hill.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Computer Architecture And Organization
Course Code: EC-456
Course Type: Professional Elective-II
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To Conceptualize the basics of organizational and architectural issues of a digital computer
 To Analyze processor performance improvement using instruction level parallelism.
 To Study various data transfer techniques in digital computer.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Basics of Computer Architecture: Codes, Number System, Logic gates, Flip flops, Registers, 05L
Counters, Multiplexer, Demultiplexer, Decoder, Encoder etc, Register transfer, Bus & memory
transfer, Logic micro operations, and Shift micro operation.
UNIT-02 Basic Computer Organization: Instruction codes, Computer instructions, Timing & control, 07L
Instruction Cycles, Memory reference instruction, Input/output and Interrupts, Complete
computer description & design of basic computer.
UNIT-03 ARM Processor Fundamentals: ARM core data flow model, Architecture, ARM General 08L
Purpose Register set, Exceptions, Interrupts, Vector Table, ARM processors family.
UNIT-04 Central Processing Unit: General register organization, Stack organization, Instruction format, 07L
Data transfer & manipulation, Program control, RISC, CISC, Addition & subtraction,
Multiplication Algorithms, Division algorithms, Peripheral devices, I/O interface Data transfer
schemes, Program control, Interrupt, DMA transfer, I/O processor.
UNIT-05 Memory Unit: Memory hierarchy, Processor vs. memory speed, High-speed memories, Cache 05L
memory, Associative memory, Interleave, Virtual memory, Memory management.
UNIT-06 Introduction to Parallel Processing: Pipelining, Characteristics of multiprocessors, 04L
Interconnection structures, Inter-processor arbitration, Inter-processor communication &
synchronization.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify and compare different methods for computer I/O mechanisms.
CO2: Categorize memory organization and explain the function of each element of a memory hierarchy.
CO3: Demonstrate control unit operations and conceptualize instruction level parallelism.
Books and References
1. Mano, Morris M.,Dong Yu, “Computer System Architectue”, Prentice Hall (1992).
2. Hennessy, J.L., Patterson, D.A, and Goldberg, D., “Computer Architecture A Quantitative Approach”, 3rd ARM Edition.
3. Hayes, J.P., “Computer Architecture and Organization”, McGraw Hill (1998).
4. Leigh, W.E. and Ali, D.L., “System Architecture: software and hardware concepts”, South Wester Publishing Co. (2000).
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Spread Spectrum and CDMA
Course Code: EC-441
Course Type: Professional Elective-III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the basic spread spectrum techniques that are used in CDMA based cellular communication systems,
including direct sequence spread spectrum and frequency-hopped spread spectrum.
 To introduce the fundamental mathematical concepts relevant to design aspects of the PN sequence generators.
 To enable the students to understand the factors that affect the practical implementation of IS-95, CDMA-2000 and WCDMA
systems
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Concept of Multiple Access Systems, Narrowband and Broadband Systems, 02L
Advantages of Spread Sprectrum Systems.
UNIT-02 Principles of Direct Spread Spectrum :Direct Spectrum System: Definition and Concepts, 10L
Spreading Sequences and Waveforms, Random Binary Sequence, Shift-Register Sequences,
Periodic Auto Correlations, Polynomials over The Binary Field, Systems with PSK Modulation, Power
Spectral Density of DSS-CDMA, Pulsed Interference, De-Spreading with Matched Filter.
UNIT-03 Spreading Code Acquisition and Tracking: Initial Code Acquisition, Acquisition Strategy: Serial 06L
Search, Parallel Search, Multi-Dwell Detection, False Alarm and Miss Probability for Matched Filter
Receiver, False Alarm and Miss Probability for Radiometer, Mean Overall Acquisition Time for Serial
Search.
UNIT-04 Performance of Spread Spectrum System: Link Performance of Direct Sequence Spread 06L
Spectrum CDMA In (I) Additive White Noise Channel (Ii) Multipath Fading Channel. Concept of
Rake Receiver, Performance of RAKE Receiver in Multipath Fading.
UNIT-05 Frequency Hoped Systems: Concepts and Characteristics, Modulations, MFSK, Hybrid 06L
Systems, Frequency Synthesizers, Direct Frequency Synthesizer, Digital Frequency
Synthesizer, Indirect Frequency Synthesizers.
UNIT-06 CDMA systems: 06L
CDMA-IS-95: Forward link Channels, Reverse link Channels, Power Controls and Handoff
Procedure in IS-95, Overview of CDMA based 3G Systems (CDMA-2000 and WCDMA).
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify spread spectrum techniques that are used in CDMA based cellular communication systems, including direct
sequence spread spectrum and frequency-hopped spread spectrum.
CO2: Apply the principles of linear algebra to design PN sequence generators.
CO3: Analyze the performance of CDMA systems in various wireless Channels
CO4: Assess the practical implementation of IS-95, CDMA-2000 and WCDMA systems
Books and References
1. Don Torrieri: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communication Systems- Springer Science & Business Media, Inc.
2. Andrew J. Viterbi: CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communication – Addison- Wesley Publishing Company.
3. Mosa Ali Abu-Rgheff, “Introduction to CDMA Wireless Communications,” Elsevier Academic Press.
4. R. MichaelBuehrer, “Code Division Multiple Access-CDMA,” Morgan & Claypool Publishers Series.
5. Jhong S. Lee and Leonard E. Miller, “CDMA Systems Engineering Handbook”, Artech House Publishers.
6. Vijay K Garg, “IS-95 CDMA and CDMA-2000,” Pearson Education. Ramjee Prasad, “OFDM for Wireless Communications
Systems,” Artech House, Inc.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Wireless Sensor Networks
Course Code: EC-442
Course Type: Professional Elective -III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L + 1T Course Credits: 04
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about wireless sensor networks and its application area.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts relevant to deployement and localization of wireless sensor networks.
 To enable the students to understand the synchronization and dissemination of information using wireless sensor network about the target
area.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Wireless Sensor Networks: The Vision, Networked Wireless Sensor Devices, 06L
Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks, Key Design Challenges,
UNIT-02 Network Deployment: Structured Versus Randomized Deployment, Network Topology, Connectivity 06L
in Geometric Random Graphs, Connectivity using Power Control, Coverage Metrics, Mobile
Deployment,
UNIT-03 Localization And Time Synchronization: Key Issues, Localization Approaches, Coarse-Grained 08L
Node Localization Using Minimal Information, Fine-Grained Node Localization Using Detailed
Information, Network- Wide Localization, Theoretical Analysis of Localization Techniques, Key Issues
of Time Synchronization, Traditional Approaches, Fine-Grained Clock Synchronization,
Coarsegrained Data Synchronization,
UNIT-04 Wireless Characteristics And Medium-Access: Wireless Link Quality, Radio Energy 10L
Considerations, The SINR Capture Model For Interference, Traditional MAC Protocols, Energy
Efficiency In MAC Protocols, Asynchronous Sleep Techniques, Sleep-Scheduled Techniques, and
Contention-Free Protocols, Sleep-Based Topology Control and Energy-Efficient Routing: Constructing
Topologies for Connectivity, Constructing Topologies for Coverage, Set Kcover Algorithms, Cross-
Layer Issues, Metric-Based Approaches, Routing with Diversity, Multi-Path Routing, Lifetime-
Maximizing Energy-Aware Routing Techniques, Geographic Routing, Routing to Mobile Sinks,
UNIT-05 Data-Centric Networking: Data-Centric Routing, Data-Gathering with Compression, Querying, Data- 06L
Centric Storage and Retrieval, Database Perspective on Sensor Networks.

Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Have an understanding of the principles and characteristics of wireless sensor networks.
CO2: Apply knowledge of wireless sensor networks to various application areas.
CO3: Analyse WSN protocols in terms of their energy efficiency and design new energy efficient protocols.
Books and References
1. Bhaskar Krishnamachari: Networking Wireless Sensors- Cambridge University Press.
2. Feng Zhao and Leonidas Guibas, Wireless Sensor Networks-An Information Processing Approach, Morgan
Kauffman.
3 K. Sohraby, D. Minoli and T. Znati, Wireless Sensor Networks-Technology, Protocols and Applications, John
Wiley & Sons.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Satellite Communication
Course Code: EC-443
Course Type: Professional Elective-III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Orbital Mechanism, satellites and satellite system, satellite link design, earth station and satellite
navigation systems.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Orbital Mechanism: Satellite orbit and orbital equations, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, 08L
Locating satellite in the orbit, Locating satellite with respect to earth, Look angle calculation,
Coverage angle and slant range, Orbital perturbations, Satellite launching, Orbital effects in
communication subsystem performance.
UNIT-02 Satellites: Satellite subsystems, Attitude and orbit control system, Telemetry tracking command 07L
and monitoring, Power system, communication subsystem, Satellite antennas.
UNIT-03 Satellite Link Design: Basic link analysis, Interference analysis, Terrestrial interference, Inter- 12L
modulation interference, Inter-symbol interference and rain induced attenuation, Uplink power
control, system availability, System design for link without frequency reuse and system design
for link with frequency reuse.
UNIT-04 Earth Station: Earth station antenna types, Antenna gain, Antenna gain to noise temperature 08L
ratio, G/T measurement, Frequency division multiple access, FDM-FM-FDMA, Single channel
per carrier.
UNIT-05 Satellite based Navigation System: Principle of measuring signal transit time, Basic principles 07L
of satellite navigation, Signal travel time Determining position, The effect and correction of time
error, Functional segments of GPS, Improved GPS: DGPS, SBAS, A-GPS and HSGPS.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the orbital and functional principles of satellite communication systems
CO2: Architect, interpret, and select appropriate technologies for implementation of specified satellite communication systems
CO3: Analyze and evaluate a satellite link and suggest enhancements to improve the link performance.
CO4: Select an appropriate modulation, multiplexing, coding and multiple access schemes for a given satellite communication link.
CO5: Understand the Satellite based Navigation and different Systems.
Books and References
1. Digital Satellite Communications by Tri. T. Ha, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Satellite Communications by Timothy Pratt and Jeremy E., Willey.
3. Satellite Communications by Dennis Roddy, Tata McGraw Hill.
4. Global Navigation Satellite Systems by G. S. Rao, Tata McGraw Hill.
5. Electronic Navigation by Nagaraja, Tata McGraw Hill.
6. The Global Positioning System & Inertial Navigation by Jay Farrell, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Mobile Communication
Course Code: EC-444
Course Type: Professional Elective-III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To understand the basic cellular system concepts.
 To have an insight into the interference, frequency management and handoff management in cellular mobile system.
 To go in depth for understanding the popular GSM cellular mobile standard and wirelesss standards.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Wireless Communication Systems, Applications of Wireless Communication 05L
Systems, Types of Wireless Communication Systems, Trends in Mobile Communication
Systems.
UNIT-02 Cellular Mobile Systems: Basic Cellular Systems, Performance Criteria, Uniqueness of Mobile 08L
Radio Environment, Operation of Cellular Systems, Analog & Digital Cellular Systems.
UNIT-03 Elements of Cellular Radio System Design: Concept of Frequency Reuse Channels, Co- 05L
channel Interference Reduction Factor, Desired C/I From a Normal Case in an Omnidirectional
Antenna System, Handoff Mechanism, Cell Splitting.
UNIT-04 Interference in Cellular Mobile System: Co-channel Interference, Design of an 05L
Omnidirectional Antenna System in the Worst Case, Design of a Directional Antenna System,
Lowering the Antenna Height, Power Control, Reduction in C/I by Tilting Antenna, Umbrella
Pattern Effect, Adjacent-Channel Interference, Near-end, Far-end Interference, Effect on Near-
end Mobile Units.
UNIT-05 Frequency Management, Channel Assignment and Handoffs: Frequency Management, 05L
Frequency-Spectrum Utilization, Set-up Channels, Fixed Channel Assignment Schemes, Non-
Fixed Channel Assignment Schemes, Concept of Handoff, Initiation of a Hard Handoff, Delaying
a Handoff, Forced Handoffs, Queuing of Handoffs, Power Difference Handoffs, Mobile Assisted
Handoff, Soft Handoffs, Cell-site Handoff, Intersystem Handoff, Dropout Calls.
UNIT-06 GSM System Overview: GSM System Architecture, GSM Radio Subsystem, GSM Channel 05L
Types, Frame Structure for GSM, Signal Processing in GSM, GPRS and EDGE.
UNIT-07 Wireless Networks: Overview of Wi-Fi, WiMAX and Bluetooth Technology: Basic Features and 04L
Physical Specifications.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Discuss cellular radio concepts.
CO2: To have knowledge of the mobile system specifications.
CO3: Classify frequency and handoff management techniques in mobile communication.
CO4: Outline cellular mobile communication standards.
CO5: Analyze various methodologies to improve the cellular capacity.
Books and References
1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications: Analog and Digital Systems by W. C. Y. Lee; Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
2. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth , Zigbee and WiMax by H. Labiod, H. Afifi and C. D. Santis, Springer.
3. Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice by T. S. Rappaport; Pearson Publication.
4. Wireless Communications and Networks: 3G and Beyond by I. S. Misra; Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
5. Wireless and Digital Communications by K. Feher; PHI Publication.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Information Theory and Coding
Course Code: EC-445
Course Type: Professional Elective- III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about measuring the amount of information, capacities calculation of different channels in communication
systems
 To understand the theorems and inequalities used in information and coding theory field.
 To enable the students to design the source coding algorithms for improving transmission efficiency.
 To enable the students to design the block based error control coding algorithms for improving error performance of
communication systems.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Measures of Information and Channel Capacity: Entropy, Relative Entropy and Mutual Information, 05L
Basic Inequalities: Jensen Inequality and its Physical Application), Log–Sum Inequality and its
Physical Application, Fano Inequality and its Physical Application, Data Processing Theorem and its
Physical Application, Consequences of the Inequalities in the Field of Information Theory.
UNIT-02 Entropy Rate and Channel Capacity: Stationary Markov Sources: Entropy Rate and Data 05L
Compression, Definition of Capacity and its Computation of Discrete Memory Less Channels (BNC,
BSC, BEC, Cascaded Channels, Noiseless Channels, Noisy Typewriter), The Channel Coding
Theorem and the Physical Significance of Capacity.
UNIT-03 Data Compression: Unique Decodability and the Prefix Condition, Kraft's Inequality, Relationship of 08L
Average Codeword Length to Source Entropy, Examples of Coding Techniques: Huffman, Shannon–
Fano–Elias, Lempel–Ziv and Universal.
UNIT-04 Design of Linear Block Codes : Introduction of Linear Block Codes, Syndrome and Error Detection, 08L
Minimum Distance of a Block Code, Error Detecting and Error Correcting Capability of a Block Code,
Design of Encoder and Syndrome Decoder for Linear Block Codes.
UNIT-05 Design of Cyclic Codes: Description Cyclic Codes, Generator and Parity Check Matrices of Cyclic 08L
Codes, Encoding of Cyclic Codes, Syndrome Computation and Error Detection, Decoding of Cyclic
Codes, Cyclic Hamming Codes.
UNIT-06 Convolutional Codes: Encoding of Convolutional Codes, Structural Properties of Convolutional 08L
Codes, Distance Properties of Convolutional Codes, Design of Encoder and Decoder for
Convolutional Codes.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the various terminologies to estimate information content in the communication system.
CO2: Apply various inequalities and quantities to evaluate the information content and entropy rate of a discrete memory-less source.
CO3: Design lossless source codes for discrete memory-less source to improve the efficiency of information transmission.
CO4: Design block based error control codes for improving the error performance of information transmission systems.

Books and References

1. Elements of Information Theory by T.M. Cover and J.A. Thomas, John Wiley, 1991.
2. Error Control Coding by S. Lin and D. J. Costello, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2010.
3. Information Theory and Reliable Communication by R. G. Gallager, John Wiley & Sons, 1969.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Internet Of Things
Course Code: EC-446
Course Type: Professional Elective-III
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the concepts of IOT.
 To learn different protocols used in IOT and to learn how to analyse the data in IOT.
 Introduce the tools and techniques that enable IOT solutions and security aspects.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: IoT Example, IoT Devices vs. Computers, Trends in the Adoption of IoT, Societal 05L
Benefits of IoT, Risks, Privacy, and Security, Overview of IoT and High level architecture.
UNIT-02 IoT Workflow: Opensource IoT Platform and Cloud platform options, IoT Cloud building blocks, 06L
Device configuration and addressing, MQTT Server, Engines, Handling database, Data
monitoring, visualization and IoT Analytics, Rest API interface, Application Service.
UNIT-03 Networking and Internet: WAN Structure, Networking components, Internet structure, IoT 09L
Communication Models and Protocols, Protocol stack, TCP/IP Application Layer, Request-
Response, Publish-Subscribe, Push-Pull, Exclusive Pair, Application Protocols: HTTP, CoAP,
MQTT, AMQP, Communication APIs: REST-based, WebSocket-based, Network Layer: IPv4,
IPv6, 6LoWPAN.
UNIT-04 Interfaces and programming: Ethernet, Wifi, Bluetooth communication protocols and 05L
implementation, Overview of linux subsystem, process, memory management, multi-threading,
IPC, C/C++ vs Python programming and libraries.
UNIT-05 Performance and Security in IoT: Benchmarking IoT applications and Platforms, MQTT vs 06L
HTTP performance, Security considerations, Firmware updates, Cryptography basics,
Cryptography in IoT, Privacy considerations and design guidelines.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply IOT concepts to different applications
CO2: Design some IOT based prototypes.
CO3: Analysis and evaluate the data received through sensors in IOT, application development.
Books and References
1. James Kurose, “Computer networking: a top-down approach”, 5th edition, Pearson, cop. 2010.
2. Vijay Madisetti and Arshdeep Bahga, “Internet of Things (A Hands-on Approach)”, 1stEdition, VPT, 2014.
3. Francis daCosta, “Rethinking the Internet of Things: A Scalable Approach to Connecting Everything”, 1st Edition, Apress
Publications, 2013.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: FPGA and SoC Design
Course Code: EC-461
Course Type: Professional Elective-IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To give the student an understanding of issues and tools related to FPGA design and implementation.
 To give the student an understanding of basics of System on Chip and Platform based design.
 To impart knowledge about the System-level and SoC design methodologies and tools.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Revision of basic Digital Systems:Combinational Circuits, Sequential Circuits, Timing, Power 07L
Dissipation. Current state of the field, SoC, IP Design, SoPC, Design methodology, System
Modeling, Hardware-Software Co-design, Device Technology and Application Domains.
UNIT-02 Digital System Design: Top down Approach to Design, Case study, Data Path, Control Path, 08L
Controller behavior and Design, Case study Mealy & Moore Machines, Timing of sequential
circuits, Pipelining, Resource sharing, FSM issues (Starring state, Power on Reset, State
diagram optimization, State Assignment, Asynchronous Inputs, Output Races, fault Tolerance.
UNIT-03 HDL for Synthesis: Introduction, Behavioral, Data flow, Structural Models, Simulation Cycles, 07L
Process, Concurrent Statements, Sequential Statements, Loops, Delay Models, Sequential
Circuits, FSM Coding, Library, Functions, Procedures, Test benches.
UNIT-04 FPGA Design: Introduction, Logic Block Architecture, Routing Architecture, Programmable 08L
Interconnections, Design Flow, Xilinx Virtex-V (Architecture), Boundary Scan, Programming
FPGA's, Constraint Editor, Static Timing Analysis, One hot encoding, Applications, Tools,
Embedded System on Programmable Chip, Hardware-software co-simulation, Bus function
models, BFM Simulation, Debugging FPGA Design.
UNIT-05 SoC Design: Writing Effective HDL, Analyzing the RTL Design, SoC like Design start, 03L
Applications with Zynq FPGA, Software Interface, Register Address Map, Hardware/Software
Co-Design and Verification, High performance algorithms for ASICS/ SoCs as case studies.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Demonstrate VLSI tool-flow and appreciate FPGA architecture
CO2: Understand the basics of system on chip and on chip communication architectures.
CO3: Understand the issues involved in ASIC design, including technology choice, design management, tool-flow.
Books and References
1. Zainalabedin Navabi, “Verilog, Analysis and Modeling of Digital Systems”, McGraw-Hill.
2. D. Black, J. Donovan, “SystemC: From the Ground Up”, Springer, 2004.
3. Jon F Wakerly, “Digital Design: Principles and Practices”, Prentice Hall.
4. G. De Micheli, “Synthesis and Optimization of Digital Circuits”, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Low Power VLSI Design Techniques
Course Code: EC-462
Course Type: Professional Elective-IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the dominant sources of power dissipation in VLSI circuits.
 To introduce the fundamental concepts for optimization of power at all design levels: technology, circuit, logic, and architectural
level.
 To enable the students to aware of power estimation by various means.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction: Need for Low Power VLSI Chips, Sources of Power Dissipation in Digital 06L
Integrated Circuits, Physics of Power Dissipation in CMOS Devices, Dynamic Dissipation in
CMOS, Leakage Power Dissipation, Low Power Figure of Merits, Impact of Technology Scaling,
Device Innovation and Channel Engineering
UNIT-02 Low Power Circuit Level Design : Circuit Level Transistor and Gate Sizing, Circuit Techniques 09L
for Leakage Power Reduction, Transistor Stacking, Supply Voltage Scaling Techniques,
DTCMOS, MTCMOS, Network Restructure and Reorganization, Flip Flops and Latches Design,
and Low Power Digital Cell Library
UNIT-03 Low Power Logic Level Design: Gate Reorganization, Multi Stage Logic Design, Signal 07L
Gating, Logic Encoding, State Machine Encoding, and Pre-Computation Logic
UNIT-04 Low Power Architecture and System Level Design: Power and Performance Management, 07L
Switching Activity Reduction, Parallel Architecture with Voltage Reduction, and Flow Graph
Transformation.
UNIT-05 Power Estimation: Simulation Power Analysis: SPICE Circuit Simulators, Gate Level Logic 05L
Simulation, Capacitive Power Estimation, Static State Power, Gate Level Capacitance
Estimation, Data Correlation Analysis in DSP Systems, Monte Carlo Simulation, Probabilistic
Power Analysis: Random Logic Signals, Probability and Frequency, and Probabilistic Power
Analysis Techniques
UNIT-06 Special Techniques: Low Power Clock Distribution, Single Driver vs Distributed Buffers, 05L
Various Clock Distribution Networks, Power Reduction in Clock Networks, Low Power Bus,
CMOS Floating Nodes, and Adiabatic Logic.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Identify sources of power dissipation in VLSI systems.
CO2: Analyze various circuit and logic design techniques for dynamic and leakage power reduction.
CO3: Design arthematic circuits, latches and flip flops with different logic styles.
CO4: Understand the concepts of probability and random logic signals for estimation of capacitance
and power dissipation.
CO5: Understand power management through architectural level techniques.
Books and References
1. Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design by Gary K. Yeap, Kluwer Academic Press.
2. Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design by Kaushik Roy, and Sharat Prasad, Wiley.
3. Low Power VLSI CMOS Circuit Design by A. Bellamour, and M. I. Elmasri, Kluwer Academic Press.
4. Low Power Design Methodologies by J. M. Rabaey and M. Pedram, Kluwer Academic Press.
5. Low-Voltage Low-Power VLSI subsystems by Kait-Seng Yeo and Kaushik Roy, Tata McGraw-Hill.
6. Low Power Digital CMOS Design by Anantha P. Chandrakasan and Robert W. Brodersen, Kluwer Academic Press.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: VLSI Testing
Course Code: EC-463
Course Type: Professional Elective-IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the the basics of testing techniques for VLSI circuits and Test Economics
 To introduce the fundamental concepts of Design for Testability.
 To enable the students to generate the test patterns.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Basics of Testing And Fault Modeling: Introduction to Testing, Test process and 02L
ATE, Faults in digital circuits, Modeling of faults, Logical Fault Models, Fault
detection, Fault location, Fault dominance, Logic Simulation, Types of simulation,
Delay models, Gate level Event-driven simulation.
UNIT-02 Test Generation For Combinational and Sequential Circuits: Logic simulation and 8L
fault simulation, Testability measures, Test generation for combinational logic circuits,
Testable combinational logic circuit design, Test generation for sequential circuits,
Design of testable sequential circuits.
UNIT-03 Design For Testability : Ad-hoc design, Generic scan based design, Classical scan 9L
based design – System level DFT approaches, Memory test.
UNIT-04 Self-Test and Test Algorithms Built-In Self-Test: Test pattern generation for BIST, 12L
Circular BIST, BIST Architectures, Testable Memory Design, Test algorithms, Test
generation for Embedded RAMs, Logic BIST and EDT, Boundary Scan, System test
and core test.
UNIT-05 Fault Diagnosis Logic Level Diagnosis: Diagnosis by UUT reduction, Fault Diagnosis 03L
for Combinational Circuits, Self-checking design, System Level Diagnosis.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the concepts in testing which can help them design a better yield in IC design.
CO2: Tackle the problems associated with testing of semiconductor circuits at earlier design levels so as to
significantly
reduce the testing costs.
CO3: Identify the design for testability methods for combinational & sequential CMOS circuits
Books and References
1. M. Abramovici, M.A. Breuer and A.D. Friedman, “Digital Systems and Testable Design”, Jaico Publishing House.
2. M.L. Bushnell and V.D. Agrawal, “Essentials of Electronic Testing for Digital, Memory and Mixed-Signal VLSI Circuits”,
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3. P.K. Lala, “Digital Circuit Testing and Testability”, Academic Press, 2002.
4. A.L. Crouch, “Design Test for Digital IC's and Embedded Core Systems”, Prentice Hall International.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: VLSI Interconnects & Packaging
Course Code: EC-464
Course Type: Professional Elective - IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the importance of electrical on-chip interconnects in modern VLSI circuits
 To introduce the various equivalent circuit models of interconnects and their comparison
 To understand the short-channel model of CMOS repeater driving interconnect and its analysis
 To enable the students to understand the advanced interconnect techniques
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Interconnects: Interconnect Parameters: Resistance, Inductance, and Capacitance, 07L
Interconnect RC Delays: Elmore Delay Calculation. Interconnect Models: Lumped RC Model,
Distributed RC Model, Transmission Line Model. SPICE Wire Models: Distributed RC Lines in
SPICE, Transmission Line Models in SPICE, Gate and Interconnect Delay
UNIT-02 CMOS Repeater: Static Behavior: Switching Threshold, Noise Margins. The Dynamic Behavior- 06L
Computing the Capacitances. Propagation Delay: First order analysis, Propagation Delay from a
Design Perspective. Power, Energy and Energy-Delay: Dynamic Power Consumption, Static
Consumption, Analyzing Power Consumption using SPICE
UNIT-03 Driving Interconnects for Optimum Speed and Power: Short Channel Model of CMOS 05L
Repeater: Transient Analysis of an RC Loaded CMOS Repeater, Delay Analysis. Analytical
Power Expressions: Dynamic Power, Short Circuit Power, Resistive Power Dissipation. CMOS
Repeater Insertion: Analytical Expressions for Delay and Power of a Repeater Chain Driving an
RC Load
UNIT-04 Advanced Interconnect Techniques: Reduced-swing Circuits, Current Mode Transmission 05L
Techniques
UNIT-05 Crosstalk: Theoretical Basis and Circuit Level Modeling of Crosstalk, Energy Dissipation due to 07L
Crosstalk: Model for Energy Calculation of two Coupled Lines. Contribution of Driver and
Interconnect to Dissipated Energy. Crosstalk effects in logic VLSI circuits: Static Circuits,
Dynamic Circuits and Various Remedies
UNIT-06 IC Packaging: Package Types, Packaging Design Considerations, VLSI Assembly Technology, 05L
Package Fabrication Technology
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to

CO1: Develop the ability to analyze and design electrical interconnect using equivalent circuit models
CO2: Understand the use of CMOS repeater to predict delay and power in interconnects
CO3: Describe the design trade-offs in driver-interconnect-load system
CO4: Design crosstalk and delay aware repeater driven interconnect system using advanced signaling techniques
Books and References
1. Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective by Jan M. Rabaey, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
2. Interconnection Noise in VLSI Circuits by F. Moll and M. Roca, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3. Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems by J. P. Uymera, Wiley Student Edition.
4. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits – Analysis and Design by S. M. Kang and L. Yusuf, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Nano Electronics: Devices and Materials
Course Code: EC-465
Course Type: Professional Elective -IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To make the student able to know physics of the short channel effects in Nano MOS devices and possible solutions..
 To know the scaling of transistors and other devices to smaller and smaller sizes.
 To understand the various devices in nano regime.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Introduction to Nanoelectronics: Physical and Technological Limitations of Microelectronics, 02L
Transitioning from Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics
UNIT-02 Small scale MOSFET Fundamental: Review of MOSFET working and C-V I-V analysis, MOS 12L
Scaling theory, Issues in scaling MOS transistors, scaling effects (short channel, narrow channel
effects, drain induced barrier lowering), Nonideal effects (poly depletion, surface charges). High
field effects (tunneling, breakdown).Channel velocity limitations (saturation velocity, interface
scattering, mobility models). Hot carrier effects (impact ionization, gate/substrate currents,
threshold voltage degradation, velocity overshoot, ballistic effects). On/Off currents. Channel
doping profiles (Implanted channel, buried channel, retrograde wells, S/D extension, HALO/LATID
structures. Work function pinning. Radiation effects, Technology node, Metal gate transistor -
Motivation, requirements, Integration Issues.
UNIT-03 Advanced MOSFET Structures 10L
Raised source/drain MOSFET, SiGe & strained Si MOSFET, Metal source/drain junctions MOS,
SOI-PDSOI and FDSOI; Ultrathin body SOI-double gate transistors, integration issues; Vertical
transistors – FinFET and Surround gate FET, Carbon
UNIT-04 Non classical MOS transistor : Nanotube Transistors (CNT), Tunnel FET and Semiconductor 08L
Nanowire FETs, Germanium Nano MOSFETs, Hetero structure MOSFETs.
UNIT-05 Emerging Nano Material: Semiconductor heterostructures,Inorganic nanowires, Organic 06L
semiconductors, Carbon nanomaterials-nanotubes and fullerenes, Graphene.
UNIT-06 Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials: FTIR, XRD, AFM, SEM, TEM, EDAX etc. 06L
Applications and interpretation of results.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understanding the insight of Nanoelectronics device Physics so as to provide appropriate and economical viable solution to
electronic engineering community and society at large.
CO2: Identifying different techniques to improve the state of art electronic device so as to solve the real world research
problems.
CO3: Identifying different devices so as to meet out the present design, health, safety and environmental challenges
Books and References
1. Fundamentals of Modern VLSI Devices, Y. Taur and T Ning, Cambridge University Press.
2. Nanoscale Transistors-Device Physics, Modeling and Simulation” by Mark Lundstrom and Guo Jing, Springer
3. Modern Semiconductor Device Physics," by S.M. Sze, Wiley.
4. Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization, Edited by Brundle, C.Richard; Evans, Charles A. Jr.; Wilson, Shaun ; Elsevier.
5. Advanced MOS Devices, by Dieter K. Schroder, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Course Name: Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility
Course Code: EC-466
Course Type: Professional Elective-IV
Contact Hours/Week: 3L Course Credits: 03
Course Objectives
 To impart knowledge about the Electromagnetic radiation, antenna basic parameters, antenna arrays and their patterns, special
antennas, wave propagation over ground, through troposphere and ionosphere.
 To familiarize with the fundamentals that are essential for electronics industry in the field of EMI / EMC
 To understand EMI sources and its measurements.
 To understand the various techniques for electromagnetic compatibility.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Basic Concepts: Introduction and Definition of EMI and EMC with examples, Various 09L
parameters, Sources of EMI, EMI coupling modes - CM and DM, ESD Phenomena and effects,
Transient phenomena and suppression, Various issues of EMC, EMC Testing categories.
UNIT-02 Coupling Mechanism: Electromagnetic field sources and Coupling paths, Coupling via the 09L
supply network, Common mode coupling, Differential mode coupling, Impedance coupling,
Inductive and Capacitive coupling, Radiative coupling, Ground loop coupling, Cable related
emissions and coupling.
UNIT-03 EMI Mitigation Techniques: Working principle of Shielding and Murphy’s Law, LF Magnetic 12L
shielding, Apertures and shielding effectiveness, Choice of Materials for H, E, and free space
fields, Gasketting and sealing, PCB Level shielding, Principle of Grounding, Isolated grounds,
Grounding strategies for Large systems.
UNIT-04 Standard and Regulations: Need for Standards, Standards for EMI/EMC, National and 07L
International EMI Standardizing Organizations: IEC, ANSI, FCC, AS/NZS, CISPR, BSI,
CENELEC and ACEC, Electro Magnetic Emission and susceptibility standards and
specifications.
UNIT-05 Measurement Methods and Instrumentation: EMI Shielding effectiveness tests, Open field test, 05L
TEM cell for immunity test, Shielded chamber, Shielded anechoic chamber, EMI measuring
instruments.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Real-world EMC design constraints and make appropriate tradeoffs to achieve the most cost-effective design that meets all
requirements.
CO2: Designing electronic systems that function without errors or problems related to electromagnetic compatibility
CO3: Diagnose and solve basic electromagnetic compatibility problems.
Books and References
1. Introduction to Electromagnetic compatibility by Clayton R. Paul, Wiley & Sons.
2. Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility by B. Keiser, Artech House.
3. Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies by V. P. Kodali, New York.