UNIT 10: PEOPLE AND SOCIETY

PHẦN 1: VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST

WORDS ENGLISH EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING MEANING
1. the way in which - The relationship (n)Mối quan hệ
Relationship two people, groups between the police (giữa hai người,
/rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ or countries behave and the local nhóm hay đất nước)
towards each other community has
or deal with each improved.
other
2. Connection something that - Scientists have (n) Mối liên hệ, liên
/kəˈnekʃn/ connects two facts, established a quan
ideas, etc. connection between (dữ liệu, ý tưởng…)
cholesterol levels and
heart disease.
3. Blame responsibility for - Why do I always get (n) việc đổ lỗi, chịu
/bleɪm/ doing something the blame for trách nhiệm
badly or wrongly; everything that goes
saying that wrong?
somebody is
responsible for
something (v) đổ lỗi
(v) to think or say - Why is he blaming
that sb/sth is others for his
responsible for problems?
something bad
4. Fault the responsibility for - Why should I say (n) Lỗi
/fɔːlt/ something wrong sorry when it's not my
that has happened or fault?
been done.
5. Old having lived for a - She was a woman (adj) Già, cũ
/əʊld/ long time; no longer grown old before her
young time (= who looked
older than she was).
6. Ancient very old; having - Archaeologists are (adj) Cổ, xưa
/ˈeɪnʃənt/ existed for a very excavating the ruined
long time temples of this ancient
civilization.
7. Crowd large number of - A small crowd had (n) Đám đông
/kraʊd/ people gathered gathered outside the
together in a public church.
place, for example in
the streets or at a
sports game
8. Audience the group of people - The audience (n) Khán giả
/ˈɔːdiəns/ who have gathered was/were clapping for (trong rạp)
to watch or listen to 10 minutes.
something (a play,
concert, somebody
speaking, etc.)
9. Enjoy to get pleasure from - We thoroughly (v) Thích thú
/ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/ something enjoyed our time in
New York.
10. Please to make somebody - Children are usually (v) Làm ai đó hài
/pliːz/ happy easy to please. lòng

11. Support to help or encourage - The majority of (v) Hổ trợ, giúp đỡ,
/səˈpɔːrt/ somebody/somethin ordinary citizens did ủng hộ, nuôi
g by saying or not support the war. (gia đình)
showing that you - He struggles to
agree with them/it support his family.
SYNONYM back (
ủng hộ)
12. Assist to help somebody to - Anyone willing to (v) Giúp đỡ
/əˈsɪst/ do something assist can contact this
number.
13. Kind caring about others; - He was kind enough (adj) Tử tế, tốt bụng
/kaɪnd/ gentle, friendly and to take time out of his
generous busy schedule to
come here today.
14. Polite having or showing - Our waiter was very (adj) Lịch sự
/pəˈlaɪt/ good manners and polite and helpful.
respect for the
feelings of others
SYNONYM
courteous
15.Sympatheti kind to somebody - She was very (adj) Thông cảm,
c who is hurt or sad; sympathetic when I cảm thông
/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ showing that you was sick.
understand and care
about their problems
16. Likeable pleasant and easy to - She’s warm, friendly (adj) Dễ mến, dễ
/ˈlaɪkəbl/ like and likeable. chịu

17. Nervous anxious about - I felt really nervous Hồi hộp, lo lắng
/ˈnɜːvəs/ something or afraid before the interview.
of something
18. often angry; in an - She gets very bad- (adj) Nóng tính
Bad-tempered angry mood tempered when she's
tired.
/ˌbæd
ˈtempəd/
19. Sensitive aware of and able to - She is very sensitive (adj) Nhạy cảm
/ˈsensətɪv/ understand other to other people's
people and their feelings.
feelings
20. Sensible able to make good - She's a sensible sort (adj) Sáng suốt, lí trí,
/ˈsensəbl/ judgements based on of person. thực tế
reason and
experience rather
than emotion;
practical
21. Company the fact of being with - He's very good (n)sự đồng hành, bạn
/ˈkʌmpəni/ somebody else and company. đồng hành
not alone
22. Group a number of people - A group of us are (n) Nhóm
/ɡruːp/ or things that are going to the theatre
together in the same this evening.
place or that are
connected in some
way
23. Popular liked or enjoyed by a - This is one of our (adj) Được yêu thích
/ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ large number of most popular designs.
people
24. Famous known about by - The actor was one of (adj) Nổi tiếng
/ˈfeɪməs/ many people many famous faces at
the party.
25. typical having the usual - This meal is typical (adj) Điển hình, tiêu
/ˈtɪpɪkl/ qualities or features of local cookery. biểu
of a particular type
of person, thing or
group
SYNONYM
representative
26. usual that happens or is - This is the usual way (adj) Bình thường,
/ˈjuːʒəl/ done most of the of doing it. như thường lệ
time or in most cases
. SYNONYM
normal
27. ordinary not unusual or - She was a perfectly (adj) Bình thường
/ˈɔːdnri/ different in any way ordinary little girl.

28. close knowing somebody - She is very close to (adj) Gần gũi
/kləʊz/ very well and liking her father.
them very much

29. near at a short distance - Do you live near (prep) Gần

/nɪə(r)/ away from here? (khoảng cách)
somebody/somethin
g
30. unknown not known or - The man's identity (adj) Chưa được biết
/ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ identified remains unknown. đến, chưa được xác
định
31. infamous well known for - The list included the (adj) Khét tiếng
/ˈɪnfəməs/ being bad or evil infamous George
SYNONYM Drake, a double
notorious murderer.

PHẦN 2: PHRASAL VERBS

WORDS ENGLISH MEANINGS EXAMPLES VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. ask for Ask for news about Tell your father I was Hỏi thông tin về
asking after him.
2. bring up Look after a child until he/ She brought up five Nuôi dưỡng
she becomes an adult children.
3. fall for Fall in love with; believe They fell for each other Yêu// tin vào 1
( a trick, a lie….) instantly. trò đùa, 1 lời
nói dối
4. fall out Have an argument with Apparently, Gina fell out Tranh cãi với
with and stop being friends. with Dave last week, and ai, cãi nhau
now they're not talking
to each other at all.
5. get on Have a good relationship She's never really got on Có mối quan hệ
(with) with with her sister. tốt
6. grow up Become older Their children have all Trưởng thành
grown up and left home
now.
7. look down Think what you are better She looks down on Coi thường
on than people who haven't been
to college.
8. look up to Admire ans respect He'd always looked up to Tôn trọng
his uncle.
9. make up - Become friends again - Has he made it up with - Làm hòa
after an agurment. her yet?
 - to put powder, lipstick, - trang điểm
etc. on your/somebody’s
face to make it more
attractive
- to invent a story, etc., - bịa
especially in order to trick - He made up some (chuyện…)
or entertain somebody excuse about his
daughter being sick.
10. pass away Die - His mother passed Mất, qua đời
away last year.
11. pick on Keep treating someone - She was picked on by Đối xử tệ, k
badly or unfairly the other girls because of công bằng
her size.
12. put down - Criticise, - The boss is always - Phê bình ai,
- make someone feel putting me down in front - làm ai cảm
stupid of everyone in the office. thấy ngu ngốc,

- to kill an animal, usually - giết nhân đạo

by giving it a drug,
because it is old or sick - We had to have our cat
put down.
13. settle Become calm after being - When are you going to Bình tĩnh, ổn
down upset…; stay in one place get married and settle định, định cư
or get married and live down?
quitely
14. stand up Support in an argument or - You must stand up for ủng hộ
for fight your rights.
15. take aback Surprise ( passive voice) - Brendan was taken Làm cho ai
aback by her sudden ngạc nhiên
question. (thường chia ở
dạng bị động)
 PHẦN 3: PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS:
WORDS PHRASES AND EXAMPLES VIETNAMESE
COLLOCATIONS MEANING
Approval 1. show/ give ( - The IMF is unlikely to Bày tỏ sự tán thành
your) approval of/ give its approval.
for sth
2. meet with sb's - Does the wine meet with Có được sự tán thành
approval your approval? (= Do you của ai
like the wine?)
Argument 3. have an - We had an argument Tranh cãi với ai về
argument with sb ( with the waiter about the vấn đề gì
about sth) bill.
4. win/ lose an - The party hopes to win Thắng / thua trong
argument the argument about how cuộc tranh luận
to reform the health
system.
- The first one who resorts
to violence is usually the
one who’s lost the
argument.
Care 5. take care of sb/ - Who’s taking care of the Chăm sóc ai/ cái gì
sth dog while you’re away?
6. care for - He thanked the nurses Chăm sóc
who had cared for him.
7. care about - It is good to know that Thích hoặc yêu ai, lo
there is someone who lắng cho người đó
cares.
Courage 8. have the courage - They had the courage to Có can đảm làm gì
to do stand up and fight for
what they believed in.
9. It takes courage - It takes courage to sing Lấy hết can đảm làm
to do in public. gì
Disguise 10. in disguise - The star travelled in Trong tình trạng hóa
disguise (= wearing a trang
disguise)
 11. wear a disguise - She was wearing a Hóa trang
disguise of a blonde wig
and glasses.
12. disguise - She disguised herself as Hóa trang bản thân
yourself a boy. Hóa trang như là
13. disguised as - She was cleverly
sth/ sb disguised as a
policewoman.
Dream 14. have a dream - I had a really weird Mơ về cái gì
(about st/ sb/ dream last night.
doing)
15. daydream - She stared out of the Mơ giữa ban ngày
window, lost in a
daydream.
16. dream of - he film is an exploration - mong muốn cái gì
dream about of a young boy's dream of - Mơ về
a better life
- a vivid dream about my
old school.
Family 17. have/ start a - Do they plan to start a Lập gia đình, có con
family family (= have children)?
18. nuclear family - Not everybody Gia đình hạt nhân
nowadays lives in the gia đình gồm ba mẹ
conventional nuclear và con cái)
family.
19. one- - Henry liked the idea of Gia đình gồm 1 cha/
parent/single- being a single-parent mẹ
parent family family.
20. extended - She grew up surrounded Gia đình nhiều thế
family by a large extended hệ
family.
Favour 21. do/ owe sb a - Could you do me a ủng hộ, giúp đỡ/nợ ai
favour favour and pick up Sam đó 1 ân huệ
from school today?
 - I'll ask Steve to take it.
He owes me a favour
22. be in favour of - She's not in favour with ủng hộ
(= supported or liked by)
the media just now.
Friend 23. make/ become/ - Simon finds it hard to Làm bạn
be/ stay friends make friends with other
(with sb) children.
24. best friend - There were a few Bạn thân/ bạn tốt
occasions of participants nhất
wanting to choose the
same as their best friend.
Love 25. be/ fall in love - They fell in love with Yêu ai
with sb each other.
Mood 26. in a good/ bad - She's in a good mood Tâm trạng tốt/ xấu
mood today (= happy and
friendly).
27. in the wrong/ - She sat humbly in the Tâm trạng xấu/ tốt
right mood cold church, making some
effort to get into the right
mood for the service.
28. in the mood for - I'm just not in the mood Có tâm trạng làm gì
sth for a party tonight.
Pity 29. pity sb - He pitied people who Cảm thấy đáng tiếc
were stuck in dead-end cho ai
jobs.
30. take a pity on sb - I took pity on her and Thương hại ai
lent her the money.
31. feel pity for sb - I could only feel pity for Cảm thấy tiếc cho ai
what they were enduring.
32. it's a pity that - It's a pity that you can't Thật đáng tiếc
stay longer.
Promise 33. promise to do - The college principal Hứa làm gì
promised to look into the
matter.
 34. give/ make sb a - I try not to make Hứa với ai
promise promises that I can't keep.
35. break a/ your - He simply broke every Thất hứa
promise single promise he ever
made

PHẦN 4: WORD PATTERNS

WORDS EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. Agree with/ - You can't expect them to agree on Đồng ý về điều gì
on/ to sth everything.
2. agree with sb - He agreed with them about the Đồng ý với ai
need for change.
3. agree to do sth - He reluctantly agreed to pay for the Đồng ý làm gì
damage.
4. agree that - She agreed (that) I could go early. Đồng ý rằng
5. allow sb to do - His parents won't allow him to stay Cho phép ai làm gì
out late.
6. allow sth - We do not allow eating in the Cho phép cái gì
classrooms.
7. approve of sth - Do you approve of my idea? Tán thanh
8. approve sth - The committee unanimously Chính thức đồng ý, tán
approved the plan. thành
9. ask sb sth - She asked the students their names. Hỏi/ yêu cầu ai điều gì
10. ask sb to do - Anyone with information is asked Yêu cầu ai làm gì
sth (for you) to contact the police.
11. ask about/ for - He asked about her family. Hỏi về/ hỏi xin
sth - Don't be afraid to ask for help.
12. ask if/ - I'll ask if it's all right to park here. Hỏi liệu rằng
whether
13. attack sth - Terrorists attacked several targets Tấn công
across the city.
14. attack sb for - He was publicly attacked for his Tấn công ai vì điều gì
sth/ doing political views.
15. an attack on - The recent series of deadly terrorist 1 cuộc công ai/ cái gì
sth/ sb attacks on European cities
16. ban sb from - a campaign to ban sugary drinks Cấm ai làm gì
sth/ doing from schools
17. ban sth - The law effectively bans smoking Cấm cái gì
in all public places.
18. convince sb - You'll need to convince them of Thuyết phục ai về điều gì
of (sth) your enthusiasm for the job. Thuyết phục ai làm gì
19. convince sb - I've been trying to convince him to
to do see a doctor.
20. convince sb - I’d convinced myself (that) I was Thuyết phục ai rằng
that right.
21. force sb to do - She forced herself to be polite to Ép buộc ai làm gì
sth them.
22. force sb into - Ill health forced him into early Ép buộc ai vào việc gì
sth/ doing retirement.
23. independent - It was important to me to be Độc lập
of/ from doing financially independent of my
parents.
- The country became fully
independent from France in 1960.
24. let sb do sth - Let me help you with that. Cho phép ai làm gì
25. object to sth/ - I really object to being charged for Phản đối ai làm gì
doing parking.
26. pretend to be - I pretended to be asleep. Giả vờ
27. pretend to do - He pretended not to notice. Giả vờ làm gì
28. pretend that - We pretended (that) nothing had Giả vờ rằng
happened.
29. rely on sth/ - They had to rely entirely on Phụ thuộc ai
sb volunteer workers.
PHẦN 5: WORD FORMATION
1. able /ˈeɪbl/ (adj) có thể
2. unable /ʌnˈeɪbl/ (adj) không thể
3. ability /əˈbɪləti/ (n) khả năng
4. inability /ˌɪnəˈbɪləti/ (n) không có khả năng
5. disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ (adj) khuyết tật
6. disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ (n) sự khuyết tật
7. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ (v) đạt được
8. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ (n) thành tựu
9. argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ (v) tranh luận
10. argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ (n) sự tranh luận
11. /ˌɑːɡjuˈmentətɪv/ (adj) mang tính chất tranh luận
argumentative
12. care /keə(r)/ (n) sự quan tâm
(v) quan tâm
13. careful /ˈkeəfl/ (adj) cẩn thận
14. carefully /ˈkeəfəli/ (adv) một cách cẩn thận
15. careless /ˈkeələs/ (adj) bất cẩn
16. carelessly /ˈkeələsli/ (adv) một cách bất cẩn
17. caring /ˈkeərɪŋ/ (adj) quan tâm, lo lắng
18. uncaring /ʌnˈkeərɪŋ/ (adj) không quan tâm
19. correspond /ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd/ (v) tương tự, tương thích, viết thư
20. /ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns/ (n) lá thư, hành động viết thư
correspondence
21. friend /frend/ (n) bạn
22. friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ (n) tình bạn
23. friendly /ˈfrendli/ (adj) thân thiện
24. unfriendly /ʌnˈfrendli/ (adj) không thân thiện
25. happy /ˈhæpi/ (adj) hạnh phúc
26. unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ (adj) không hạnh phúc
27. happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ (n) sự hạnh phúc
28. /ʌnˈhæpinəs/ (n) sự không hạnh phúc
unhappiness
29. happily /ˈhæpɪli/ (adv) một cách hạnh phúc
30. unhappily /ʌnˈhæpɪli/ (adv) 1 cách không hạnh phúc
31. jealous /ˈdʒeləs/ (adj) ghen tị
32. jealousy /ˈdʒeləsi/ (n) sự ghen tị
33. jealously /ˈdʒeləsli/ (adv) một cách ghen tị
34. kind /kaɪnd/ (adj) tử tế, tốt bụng
35. unkind /ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/ (adj) không tử tế
36. kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ (n) sự tốt bụng
37. unkindness /ˌʌnˈkaɪndnəs/ (n) sự không tử tế, tốt bụng
38. kindly /ˈkaɪndli/ (adv) một cách tử tế, tốt bụng
39. marry /ˈmæri/ (v) kết hôn
40. marriage /ˈmærɪdʒ/ (n) hôn nhân
41. married /ˈmærid/ (adj) đã kết hôn
42. unmarried /ˌʌnˈmærid/ (adj) độc thân
43. nerve /nɜːv/ (n) thần kinh
44. nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ (adj) thuộc về thần kinh// hồi hộp
45. nervously /ˈnɜːvəsli/ (adv) 1 cách hồi hộp
46. /ˈnɜːvəsnəs/ (n) sự hồi hộp
nervousness
47. obey /əˈbeɪ/ (v) vâng lời, tuân theo
48. disobey /ˌdɪsəˈbeɪ/ (v) không vâng lời
49. obedient /əˈbiːdiənt/ (adj) vâng lời
50. disobedient /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiənt/ (adj) không vâng lời
51. obediently /əˈbiːdiəntli/ (adv) 1 cách vâng lời
52. /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiəntli/ (adv) 1 cách không vâng lời
disobediently /əˈbiːdiəns/ (n) sự vâng lời
53. obedience
54. /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiəns/ (n) sự không vâng lời
disobedience
55. person /ˈpɜːsn/ (n) 1 người
56. personal /ˈpɜːsənl/ (adj) thuộc về cá nhân
57. impersonal /ɪmˈpɜːsənl/ (adj) không có tính người
58. personally /ˈpɜːsənəli/ (adv) cá nhân
59. /ɪmˈpɜːsənəli/ (adv) không có tính người
impersonally
60. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ (n) tính cách
61. polite /pəˈlaɪt/ (adj) lịch sự
62. impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/ (adj) bất lịch sự
63. politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ (adv) một cách lịch sự
64. impolitely /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪtli/ (adv) một cách bất lịch sự
65. politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ (n) lịch sự
66. /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪtnəs/ (n) bất lịch sự
impoliteness
67. relate /rɪˈleɪt/ (v) liên quan
68. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ (adj) tương đối (n) họ hàng
69. relatively /ˈrelətɪvli/ (adv) một cách tương đối
70. relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ (n) mối liên hệ
71. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ (n) mối quan hệ
72. willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ (adj) sẵn sàng
73. unwilling /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ (adj) không sẵn sàng
74. willingness /ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ (n) sự sẵn sàng
75. /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ (n) sự không sẵn sàng
unwillingness
76. willingly /ˈwɪlɪŋli/ (adv) một cách sẵn sàng
77. unwillingly /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋli/ (adv) một cách không sẵn sàng