G.
PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
Study of Formwork (Centering & Shuttering) for Exp. No.9
Column, Beam and Slab
Date:
Aim To understand the formwork laid for Column, Beam and Slab.
Theory Formwork is temporary construction used as mould for the structure, in
which concrete is placed and in which it hardens and matures. It is vertical
or horizontal arrangement made to keep concrete in position until it gins
strength and shape.
Shuttering: Formwork which supports vertical arrangement is called
shuttering. In technical point of view, formwork for columns, footings,
retaining walls is called shuttering
Centering: Formwork which supports horizontal arrangement is called
centering. In technical point of view, formwork for beams and slabs is
called Centering.
The cost of formwork may be up to 20 to 25% of the cost of structure in
building work, and even higher in bridges. When the concrete has reached
certain required strength, the form is no longer needed and is removed. The
operation of removing the formwork is called stripping.
Forms can be classified as wooden, plywood, steel, combined wood-steel,
reinforced concrete and plain concrete. Timber is the most common
material used for formwork.
As per IS Code 456-2000 on formwork
In normal circumstances (generally where temperatures re below 200 C)
and where ordinary cement is used, forms my struck after expiry of the
following periods.
Walls, Columns and vertical sides of 24 to 48 hours as may be
beams decided by engg-in-charge
Slab soffits(props left under) 3 days
Beam Soffit (props left under) 7 days
Removal of props to slabs :
(i) Spanning up to 4.5 m 7 days
(ii) Spanning over 4.5 m 14 days
Removal of props to beams and
arches: 14 days
(i) Spanning up to 6 m 21 days
(ii) Spanning over 6 m
Loads on The formwork has to berm inly the following loads apart from its own
formwork weight:
Live load due to labor, equipment etc.
Dead weight of concrete
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Page 1 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
Hydrostatic pressure of the fluid concrete acting against the
vertical or inclined faces of form
Impact due to pouring of concrete
Formwork Column Formwork consists of the following main components:
for Column
Sheeting all around the column periphery,
Side yokes and end yokes,
wedges, and
Bolts with washers.
Figure below is the detail of the formwork for a square column.
Fig. 1 : Formwork for square or rectangular column
Formwork for square or rectangular column
In this formwork, the side yokes and end yokes contain two numbers
each and are perfectly placed alongside the peak of the column.
Generally, the two-side yokes are comparatively of the weighted section
and are tagged together by two long bolts of 16 mm dia perfectly.
Between the bolts and the end yokes, four wedges, one at each corner,
are inserted. The sheathing is fixed by nail to the yokes.
Figure below shows shuttering for octagonal and round columns.
Fig.2: A Typical section of Octagonal and Round Column
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Page 2 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
Guide lines
for Column
Shuttering
Fig. 3: Shuttering for column
1) To hold the concrete shuttering firmly in place and for proper
alignment a concrete pad called starter is cast before fixing the
shuttering. The thickness is about 45 mm to 60 mm and dimensions
are precisely the same as the dimensions of proposed column. The
starter should be cured for a day or 2 so that it is hard enough to fix
the shuttering around it.
2) Column box or shuttering for columns is made of plywood sheets or
steel sheets fabricated with adequate stiffeners.
3) A thin films of oil or grease should be applied to inner surface of
the shuttering to enable easy removal of the column after the
concrete hardens.
4) Shuttering should be properly aligned to its verticality and
diagonals to be checked to ensure accuracy in dimensions.
5) Formwork has to be thoroughly supported with props size before
pouring the concrete so that it does not moves horizontally or
vertically during concreting.
6) The gaps near the shuttered joints should be sealed with plaster or a
__________________________________________________________
Page 3 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
piece of wood to prevent any leakage of slurry.
7) Appropriate space is to be provided in the inner face of the shutter
and reinforcement by fixing cover blocks of about 40mm.
8) It is preferable to remove shutters after 24 hrs of casting and if they
need to be removed earlier, it should not be removed within sixteen
hours.
9) The removal of shutters has to be done gently without jerks so that
edges of columns are not damaged.
10) Care should be taken regarding fixing and supports of column
shuttering to prevent it from movement during concreting.
11) Diagonals of the shuttering to be checked to ensure dimensional
accuracy.
Formwork Beam soffit must be thickened timber or strengthened plywood.
for Beam Beam sides consists of 18mm plywood or 25mm boards with stud
(cleats) t 500 to 600mm centers.
Deep beams (over 600mm) should have walkers and ties
Use angle fillers in the beam side to soffit joint where possible
Allowance must be made for height adjustment of the props or
formwork.
Erection sequence for constructing beam formwork includes:
Position of sole plates
Marking out and setting heights for false work
Assemble and position props, adjustable head jacks, false works,
bearers and spreaders;
Construct and erect side walls and beam soffit
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Page 4 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
Fig.4 : Formwork for Plinth Beam
Formwork The figure below shows the Formwork for Beam and Slab floor.
for Beam and The slab is continuous over a number of beams. The slab is
floor slab supported on 2.5cm thick sheathing laid parallel to main beams. The
sheathing is supported on wooden battens which are laid between
the beams, at some suitable spacing.
In order to reduce the deflection, the battens may be propped at the
__________________________________________________________
Page 5 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
middle of span through joists. The side forms of the beam consists
of 3 cm thick sheathing.
The bottom shuttering of the beam form may be 5 to 7cm thick. The
ends of the battens are supported on ledger which is fixed to cleats
throughout the length.
Cleats 10cm X 2 cm X 3 cm are fixed to the side forms to the same
spacing as of battens, so that battens may be fixed to them. The
beam form is supported on head tree.
The shore or post is connected to head tree through cleats. At the
bottom of share, two wedges of hard wood are provided over sole
piece.
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Page 6 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
G.PULLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Autonomous): KURNOOL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B.TECH VI SEM. (SCHEME –2020)
FIELD APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LABORATORY [FACE(P)]
TITLE: Demo on form work GPREC-D/CE/EXPT-FACE-01
Date:02.01.2022
Fig.5. Formwork for Beam and floor slab
Result Visited to field where building is under construction, studied the column,
beam and slab form work.
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Page 7 of 7
Prepared by: Approved by:
Sri. M.Deepak Dr.K.Chinnapa Reddy
Prof. & H.O.D.
