Date: __/__/20 Page No.:_2© Prawfeat NO -CED Atm’ To perporan morphology , h¥stology , powder | charachterisuics 2 detectrom of @phedra Stern. Treerence $- By khandewat ki. “A pracHcalL book OF \ Pharmacognosy Techniques @ experiments” Nfratt Prakashan Pg NO. /34-136 Reguirmpents %- glassw. g- watch glass, best -tube , Sifdes » brush, pipette. cover siPp , test tube hololer |_Shemfdat t ph loroglicPmol , cone. HC)» of) HO) 4 Copper Suipnare% Soaturmn Hyolroxrde Gol ”. | Theory tL 4 $ | — | Synonym 8= _ma- Huang ° 5 | Biorg ical Source - ORE young stem o, Ephedra gerardlana Cwutl) stape » and also A of E« Mebrocdensi's Crimea) Stapp. cotiected %m Quam, Tt comtaume mot | less than 4.07. of total aucalerae.. | = | Famiw in Gmeraceae C Ephedraceae ) S Remarks: Teacher's Signature:? Imterrmode C3-6) ee —<—— Noole =| a an , Hh Shape % GylProbaPoat | iyi ato 7amm [Epre clra. $% Poa a ADate:__/__/20 ChemPeak ! Camstfeuents 3- ; — auccatofols 0.5 to a% atkalofdal amfner , €phedrime C30 Fo 07, Oy altkaloPes J - User 2- Sympaihormian tHe» Pm asthamnane comolPu?on Cauges mydrias Subst*eutes ¢- Ephedra. sfnfea Morpnologicak characterfshes © ~ Colour - Browmfsh Odour -— Aggreavle & SiFGntly atomatfe Taste - Asti*mgent 2 bitter Shape - _ CyiPmotr Peal Sfee ~ bemMgtn —Supto 30cm Tritkmess —> 1-2 mm Surgace — Rough because of longitud?nal ridges oa HPstologrcat Characterfsuts %— EPIDERMIS $— Single layered » guadrangular ceils, win tick & Samooth cutfcle . Verte Yows of sunken stomata present between many verecie rPoges on tne stem. Remarks: Teacher's Signature:Page No.: Qa. CORTEK $= Many layes Of Hin walled Ceululosirc parenchym &. Below epidermis , (wo lo_ three layers Of [o0sly arranged patisade (Fee ceis Ae presevt Ccontatntng chloro plist.) umilgntiel ¢fhres $- Like bunch of grapes, occur below tne rioges where mo pasate cells are present - FPorese- Scatterect , Wsoictect or Pr groups oF two or pour cells lPanipied “ee > PERICYCLIC F/BRES 8— Lignferect , crown the phloem om Pts outer sfde , CStrengthentng ceils x | + VASCULAR GUNDLE?— Around 10, coulaterat ; comyetre open 2 arranged fm ring Phice mn t= comtabming sevetubes & compan Pom cell . xylem :- well clevelopec » Ccomsfsts Of Vessels» Erachefdes ) ePhrotraherdls & parenchyma . Remarks: PitH 2- Large, thn warteck , IPaniaved bY potygoncu parenchyma, wir Pnterceuan space . Some Cells combubm dark browntsh amucaginouy subsbawnce - Teacher's Signature:> Por oyotPo LP heey Prinerm xylem TS og epltolra stemNom & ParromaPe 19919 FeFe cL Pr bors fP bers Phen, Ligonier ed foesDate:__/__/20 [eo cb (o> Page No.:_%3 MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTIC OF POWDERED DRUG :- Eptderm?s ¢- Fragments of epidermis, guclol rangula r cells , outer walls are rPoged. FPbres 8- Liga ?efecl 8 mom-lfqnfphecl, long, Slemcher anol cylfm elrPoat Mylems- Trachefds wht horderech pits Brownfsh. matter 2- Abundant » Sark brownlsh amueflagimous Substamce erom pret Chemfcoal test 2— gemerat Chemica Eest for arkalofoly £— Drage Tope’s test °- To 2-3 w/e eiterare cclel few drops Dragendroyys reagent. Orange brown ppt P* formed! Mayers test *- 9-3 mL. filtrate wfth few Oroes Mayers reagent gives ppt: Hagers lest @- 2-3 mil. pritrate when. Hagers 4. reagent gives yellow ppt Remarks: Teacher's Signature:——> MICRO -CHEMICAL TESTS S— Reageats | Charachtering, - i Lignipfed fiber, Phloreglachay 6 | vascular Pimk 4 come. HEI Ci19 ba. eee | fibres.CoPICAL CHARA F dy A CTERISTICS O POWDERFO Dry o ™ I CROSCOPI — Gr Epidermis oe FP bres Xylem Browmih amnattey .Page No.:__ 2 ant. fhltvare we Wagner’s Test = oe with few __ drops gmer's reagent gives reddish brown ppt: = E ce] Murextole test for purfme atieatofas *- To 3-4 me | test Solution , ado 3-4 olrops °F conc: HNO3 . Evaporare Lo diyness Cool & add A drops Of NHeg OH. Purple color Ps observed . ——S Test for ephectifne t- Dissolve (Fag Pn tml | op water, add 0ams Of olflute HC! acho & ada O./ me or Copper Sutpnere SourrPon polloweck by | mt of Sodfum HydrosPde solunon-. The Tfgur becomes violet Add ianl o¢ Solvent etner & Shake 5 the ernerfeat layer Ps purple 2 the ageous layer fs blue. Repord $— Ephedra stem amorphologicat | wistolog Foor Z MicroscopPeat —_charactensHe oloserve ol t “QR chemPcal test was pergormecl, Ta Fe We ee