“
▸ “Separate the Details” Instruction: Choose
the inappropriate sentences which do not
relate to the main topic.
Topic: My Life as a Senior High School Student
A. My life as a senior high school student is not easy.
B. Every day, I need to encounter difficult subjects in relation to the strand which
I am enrolled.
C. My mother commands me to wash the dished before I would get my
allowance.
D. In my school, there are amazing and proficient teachers who are passionate
and dedicated in teaching.
E. As I was walking, I saw student couples holding hands which makes me bitter.
F. I am thankful of the privilege to experience senior high school in preparing for
my future career.
“
Instruction: Unify the sentences together
using the specific transitional device which
you can get by cracking the code.
9 14 19 20 5 1 4
Retirement should be the reward for a lifetime of work.
It is widely viewed as a sort of punishment.
It is a punishment for growing old.
Combined Sentence: Retirement should be the reward for a lifetime of
work. Instead, it is widely viewed as a sort of punishment for growing
old.
9 14 3 15 14 3 12 21 19 9 15 14
Jonathan saw Ethan copying Diane’s answers.
Ethan obviously did not study for the examination.
Combined Sentence: Jonathan saw Ethan copying
Diane’s answer. In conclusion, Ethan obviously did not
Properties of a
Well-written Text
Ms. Johna Mae D. Manuel
01 02
Cohesion Organization
and Coherence
03 04
Language Use Mechanics
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SLM 10
Coherence and Cohesion
“
Cohesion and coherence are properties of a well-
written text that deals with close relationship,
based on grammar or meaning, between two
parts of a sentence or a larger piece of writing.
“ Coherence
Refers to the rhetorical aspects of your
writing which include “developing and
supporting your argument (e.g. thesis
statement development), synthesizing
and integrating readings, organizing and
clarifying ideas.
“
“Depression is a mental illness which everyone often neglects
and ignores. People with depression knows how to hide their
illness through a fake smile and normality in terms of their
movement. We are aware that we have different lives and so,
it depends upon the person whether he or she would take
depression seriously. Psychologists and Psychiatrists
encourage people with depression to proceed with medication
and psychological therapy to cure the serious mental illness.
After all, there is nothing wrong with honestly telling everyone
that you are depressed and is in need of serious help.”
What is the sentence that should not be
present in this paragraph and why?
“ Cohesion
Cohesion in writing means unifying
ideas by binding words, phrases,
sentences, and paragraphs, thus show
relationship and smooth “text flow”
“ Transitional Devices
Transitional devices are used as
connecting markers of sentences.
In other terms, it is also called as
cohesive devices with the purpose of
connecting two statements, usually by
referring to what you have previously
written or said.
11 Comparison-also, equally, similarly, likewise, compared with
Addition– and, also, furthermore, too, what is more
Exemplification– for example, for instance, to illustrate, such as,
namely
Sequencing– first, second, third, next, then, after
Result– so, therefore, as a result, thus, because
Contrast-in comparison, in contrast, instead, on the contrary,
conversely
Qualifying– but, however, although, except, unless
Reformulation– in other words, put more simply, that is to say,
rather, in simple terms
Highlighting– in particular, especially, mainly, particularly, above all
Transition- turning to, with regard to, with reference to, as far as x
is concerned
“
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“
“ EVALUATION:
Analyze the text and identify if the
text is coherent, cohesive or both
coherent and cohesive and justify
your answer using the features and
properties that are present in the
text.
“ Take note of the following:
▸ Repeated words/ideas
▸ Reference words
▸ Transition signals
▸ Substitution
▸ Elipsis
“ Assignment:
Research and read
about the properties of
a well-written text.
“
Listen to the short clip and arrange
pictures according to its correct order
based on the instructions from the clip.
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SLM 11
Organization
“
“
“ 3 Techniques
1. Physical Format
2. Signal Words
3. Structure
“ A. Physical Format
The format is an aspect of the organization
that is immediately apparent to the reader.
It is seen in how the text physically appears
like headings and subheadings, bullet
points or font emphasis. However, use this
technique with discretion as improper or
superfluous formatting can be confusing.
“
“ B. Signal Words
Signal words are textual cues that
readers can use to follow a text. They
can “signal” the transition from one
point to another, the ordering of events
and concepts, or the writer’s chosen
text type (e.g., linear narration, question
and answer).
“
“
C. Structure
The structure provides the framework
upon which the text is
organized. It consists of the following:
▸ Beginning: introduction, thesis
statement, hook
▸ Middle: supporting details
▸ End: conclusion, summary, final
message
“
“
“
“
“
“
Organizing the ideas for writing can come in two ways:
Deductive
▸ way of organizing ideas for writing starts with the
general idea branching out to the specific details.
The
Inductive
▸ way of organizing ideas means the writer must start
with the particular ideas leading to the general
idea.
“
Evaluation
Choose the best order and sequence of the
sentences to form a well-organized paragraph.
(A) For the first time however, the waters of Laguna de Bay
are serving a new and different purpose.
(B) Today, these lands can be planted to play during off-
season.
(C) They are being harnessed to water rice field along the
shores which are idle during the dry season.
(D) Fish abound in its waters and its shores have been
favorable breeding ground for ducks.
(E) Laguna de Bay has, for centuries, been a major source
of livelihood for people living along its shores.
“
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SLM 12
Language Use
“
The Language use refers to the
communicative meaning of language.
It can be compared to usage, which
refers to the rules for making
language and the structures we use to
make it.
“
“
“
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Principles in Writing
1.Clear and concise language entail using a minimal
amount of effective words to make one’s point. It must be
direct and simple.
Examples:
In the near future vs on Monday at 8am
The students need to obtain high marks in science in order to study medicine.
Better: The students need high marks in science to study medicine.
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2. Avoid redundancies, wordiness, clichés, and
highfalutin language. Use the language of everyday life,
yet don't substitute common words for striking and
distinctive words just to keep it simple. Say what you
mean and sound like yourself.
Example : The other alternative is to eat healthy food.
Better:______________________________________.
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3.Avoid sexist language. Sexist language is language that
unnecessarily identifies gender. This issue can be
addressed by using articles (a, an, and the), using plural
pronouns, using his or her instead of his, writing through a
second person point of view, or using gender-neutral
nouns.
Example: Reading makes a full man.
- Francis Bacon
Better: Reading makes a full person.
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A family member who misses a
holiday
dinner will find he has missed more
than the food.
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4. Constructive language
phrases a potentially
negative message in a
positive way. Choose the
better approach not to hurt
the feelings or lose
person’s face. It must keep
an appreciative tone.
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5. Use familiar words not highfalutin
Ano daw?
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SEATWORK
Identify the Types of Language Use in each sentence. Write
CCL for clear and concise language, SL for sexist language,
NSL nonsexist language and CL for constructive language.
1. Every employee is required to submit his credentials.
2. There are dark clouds gathering over the mountains.
3. I love how you make these different soups. I admire your
skill. But, if you don’t mind me saying, the salt is a little on
the higher side in this one. Why don’t you try adding the salt
right in the end? I used to do the something, but then I
found this trick really helps.
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CCL for clear and concise language, SL for sexist
NSL nonsexist language and CL for constructive
language.
4. Selected students received their
prestigious awards.
5. The priest asked, "Are ready to love
and honor each other as husband and
wife for the rest of your lives?
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PERFORMANCE TASK
Choose an advertisement from a newspaper or magazine
and identify any instances of inappropriate language use.
Use one whole paper or bond paper to rewrite the
advertisement in clear, honest language.
RUBRICS:
Content: 25 points
Communicative Achievement: 15 points
Language: 10 points
TOTAL: 50 points
“ Assignment:
What is the importance of
language use in reading and
writing.
“
“ Guide Questions:
1. What have you observed in the video?
2. How can you describe punctuation according
to the video?
3. Describe what would happen when you
don’t use punctuation?
4. What is the connection of the video
to the topic?
“
Listen carefully and spell the words:
/imˈberəs /bəˈzär/
/ˈferō/
/əˌkäməˈdāSH(ə)n/
80
SLM 13
Mechanics
Analyze the two sentences:
a. I hear somebody calling, Bernadette.
b. I hear somebody calling Bernadette.
Mechanics is characterized
as a set of conventions
on how to spell, punctuate,
capitalize and abbreviate a
composition.
SPELLING
Use one standard
CAPITALIZATION
Act of writing the first letter of the word in
uppercase while the rest are in lowercase
ABBREVIATION
A shortened form of a written word or phrase
in place of the whole word or phrase
ACRONYMS
A word formed from the initial letter or
letters of each of the successive parts or
major parts of a compound term
5 RULES
1. Always use Standard English.
Example:
Whatever you decide is all right with
me.
2. Avoid exclamation marks unless
they are part of a direct quotation.
Example:
The science community went wild!
3. Use single quotation marks for a quotation within a
quotation.
Example:
"When I say 'immediately', I mean some time before
September" said the editor-in-chief.
The news reporter said, "All of the stores on the block have
burned down. One shop owner screamed, 'I cannot
believe this is happening!' as the flames engulfed her
store."
4. Mention the full name of an organization
with the abbreviation in parenthesis, in first
mention. Thereafter use the abbreviation.
Example: The Food and Nutrition Research
Institute (FNRI) has developed a food
pyramid, simple and easy to follow daily
eating guide for Filipinos.
5. All information taken from elsewhere should
have reference to its source and its presentation
form should not change the main points of the
source text.
Example: The dispute started when Mike Brown,
a professor of Astronomy at the California
Institute of Technology (Caltech) discovered an
asteroid bigger than Pluto in 2005 (Cain, 2012).
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Evaluation
There are 4 paragraphs in a mystery box then each group will
pick one and arrange them with proper use of punctuation,
correct spelling, correct capitalization, and correct placement of
abbreviations.
BOX 1
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