1.
丝绸之路简介
The Silk Road began in the Han Dynasty over 2,000 years ago. It was a 6,000-
kilometer trade road linking ancient China and the Mediterranean. Through it, China
sold silk, tea and porcelain, and got spices, horses and stones from the West. It also
helped cultures mix: Buddhism came to China from India, and Chinese inventions
like paper-making went west. Now, it inspires the Belt and Road Initiative to build
global friendship and shared growth.
翻译：丝绸之路始于 2000 多年前的汉代，是一条连接中国与地中海的 6000 公里贸易之路。通过它，中国出售丝绸、茶叶和
瓷器，从西方获得香料、马匹和宝石。它也促进了文化融合：佛教从印度传入中国，造纸术等中国发明传向西方。如今，它启发
“一带一路”倡议，构建全球友谊与共同发展。
2. 西湖简介
The West Lake in Hangzhou is famous as "Paradise on Earth". It's a world heritage
site with beautiful hills and water. There are three small islands and bridges like the
Broken Bridge. In spring, willows grow by the lake; in summer, lotus flowers bloom.
In autumn, the moon reflects on the water, and in winter, snow covers the pavilions.
Ancient poets like Su Dongpo wrote many poems about it. Visiting the West Lake is
like walking into a Chinese painting.
翻译：杭州西湖被誉为“人间天堂”，是拥有青山秀水的世界遗产。湖中有三个小岛和断桥等桥梁。春天，湖边柳树生长；夏天，
荷花盛开。秋天，明月倒映水中；冬天，雪覆盖亭台。古代诗人苏东坡曾为它写下许多诗篇。游览西湖如同走进一幅中国画。
3. 长城简介
The Great Wall was built over 2,000 years ago. It's the longest man-made building,
about 21,000 kilometers long, crossing mountains and deserts. It was first made to
keep enemies out. Different dynasties made it stronger, and the Ming Dynasty's part is
best kept. It has watchtowers and forts, showing old China's building skills. Now, it's
a world heritage and a wonder of the world, welcoming millions to see its greatness
and learn Chinese history.
翻译：长城建于 2000 多年前，是最长的人造建筑，长约 2.1 万公里，跨越山脉和沙漠。它最初用于防御外敌。不同朝代加固
了它，明代的部分保存最好。它有瞭望塔和堡垒，展现古代中国的建筑技艺。如今，它是世界遗产和世界奇迹，欢迎数百万人领略
其伟大，了解中国历史。
4. 中国功夫简介
Chinese Kung Fu, or Wushu, has a 4,000-year history. It mixes fighting skills,
exercise and thinking. There are many types: Tai Chi, which is good for calmness,
Shaolin Boxing, which is strong and fast, and Wing Chun, which is quick and
useful.t's not just for self-protection but also teaches self-control and respect. Many
moves are like animals, such as the Dragon or Crane. Movies like Crouching Tiger,
Hidden Dragon make it popular worldwide, helping people know Chinese culture.
翻译：中国功夫（武术）有 4000 《》
5. 中医简介
Traditional Chinese Medicine is over 2,500 years old. It thinks the body needs a
balance of Yin and Yang. It uses herbs, needles and massage to treat and prevent
illness. For example, ginseng helps with energy, and moxibustion warms the body.
TCM focuses on fixing the body's inner energy to cure the root problem. Now, many
people around the world use it for whole-body health, based on old books like
Huangdi Neijing.
翻译：中医（TCM）有 2500 多年历史，认为身体需要阴阳平衡。它用草药、针灸和按摩治疗和预防疾病。例如，人参帮助补
气，艾灸温暖身体。中医注重调理体内气血（qi）来根治问题。如今，全世界许多人用它调理整体健康，其理论源于《黄帝内经》
等古籍。
6. 文房四宝简介
The Four Treasures of the Study are brush, ink, paper and inkstone. They were
essential for ancient Chinese writing and painting. The brush is made of animal hair
and bamboo, ink is solid stick turned into liquid, rice paper is soft for calligraphy, and
inkstone grinds ink. Together, they helped create beautiful Chinese characters and
artworks. Even today, they remain important in traditional culture, used by artists to
keep ancient skills alive.
翻译：文房四宝指笔、墨、纸、砚，是中国古代书写和绘画的必备工具。毛笔由动物毛发和竹管制成，墨是可研磨成汁的固体，宣
纸柔软适合书法，砚台用于磨墨。它们共同造就了优美的汉字和艺术作品。如今，文房四宝仍是传统文化的重要部分，艺术家们用
它们传承古老技艺。
7. 中国八大菜系之川菜
Sichuan Cuisine, one of China's eight major cuisines, it's famous for spicy and bold
flavors, using chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns and garlic. Hotpot and Mapo Tofu
are classic dishes. Hotpot lets you cook meat and vegetables in a spicy broth, while
Mapo Tofu is soft tofu in a fiery sauce. Sichuan food is not just about heat, it also has
layers of taste, like numbness from peppercorns. It's popular worldwide for its strong,
exciting flavors.
翻译：我们来谈谈中国八大菜系之一的川菜。它以辛辣浓郁的口味闻名，常用辣椒、花椒和大蒜。火锅和麻婆豆腐是经典菜品。火
锅可在辣汤中煮肉和蔬菜，麻婆豆腐则是嫩豆腐配麻辣酱汁。川菜不仅辣，还有层次丰富的口感，如花椒带来的麻感。其强烈刺激
的风味在全球广受欢迎。
8. 故宫简介
The Forbidden City was home to 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Built
in the 15th century, it has over 70 palaces and 9,000 rooms, all with red walls and
golden roofs. It shows ancient Chinese architecture's beauty, with symmetry and
traditional designs. Now a museum, it holds treasures like jade, paintings and imperial
seals. Visiting it is like stepping back in time to China's royal history.
翻译：故宫（又称紫禁城）是明清两代 24 位皇帝的居所。它建于 15 世纪，有 70 多座宫殿和 9000 间房屋，均为红墙金瓦。
它展现了中国古代建筑的对称美和传统设计。如今作为博物馆，藏有玉器、书画和御玺等珍宝。游览故宫仿佛穿越回中国的皇家历
史。
9. 中国餐桌礼仪基本规则
Chinese table manners have key rules. First, wait for elders to sit and start eating
before you. Use chopsticks properly—don't stick them upright in rice. When serving
others, use public chopsticks for shared dishes. Don't make loud noises while eating,
especially with soup. If you finish, place chopsticks horizontally on the bowl to show
you're done. These rules show respect and harmony at the table.
翻译：中国餐桌礼仪有基本规则：先等长辈就座和动筷；正确使用筷子，不要将其竖直插在米饭中（像葬礼习俗）；给他人夹菜时
用公筷；进食时避免大声喧哗，尤其是喝汤时；吃完后将筷子平放在碗上示意结束。这些规则体现了餐桌上的尊重与和谐。
10. 中国古代建筑主要特点
Ancient Chinese architecture features wooden structures, curved roofs and symmetry.
Most buildings used wood for frames, not stone, making them light but strong. Roofs
curve upwards at the edges, like birds' wings, to drain rain. Buildings are often
arranged in symmetrical groups, with a main hall in the center and side rooms on both
sides. Examples like the Forbidden City show these features clearly, mixing beauty
and function.
翻译：中国古代建筑的特点是木质结构、曲面屋顶和对称性。大多数建筑用木材而非石材搭建框架，轻盈却坚固。屋顶边缘向上翘
起，形如飞鸟展翅，便于排水。建筑常呈对称布局，中央为正殿，两侧为厢房。故宫等实例清晰展现了这些特点，融合了美观与实
用。
11. 中国新生儿习俗
In China, when a baby is born, there are special customs. Usually, the family gives red
eggs to friends and neighbors, as red means good luck. At the first month celebration,
the baby gets a haircut for new beginnings, and elders may give "lucky money" in red
envelopes. Some places also hang charms or plant trees to wish the baby a healthy
life. These traditions show love and hopes for the new family member.
翻译：在中国，新生儿诞生时有特殊习俗。家人通常会给亲友邻居送红鸡蛋，因为红色象征好运。满月宴上，宝宝会剪发寓意新开
始，长辈可能发红包（压岁钱）。有些地方还会挂护身符或种树，祝愿宝宝健康成长。这些传统表达了对新家庭成员的爱与期望。
12. 各历史时期汉服主要特点
Hanfu, traditional Chinese clothing, changed across dynasties. In the Han Dynasty, it
was loose with long robes and belts. The Tang Dynasty brought brighter colors and
wider sleeves, showing confidence and openness. The Ming Dynasty had structured
collars and intricate embroidery, reflecting social order. Today, Hanfu is popular
again, with people wearing modern versions that keep ancient styles, like flowing
skirts and cross-collared tops.
翻译：汉服（中国传统服饰）随朝代变迁而演变。汉代汉服宽松，有长袍和腰带；唐代汉服色彩更鲜艳，衣袖更宽大，展现自信与
开放；明代汉服有立体衣领和精致刺绣，反映社会秩序。如今汉服再度流行，人们穿着保留古风的现代改良版，如飘逸的裙摆和交
领上衣。
13. 中国茶文化
Chinese tea culture has a long history. Tea is not just a drink but a way of life.There
are many types: green tea, black tea and oolong tea. The tea ceremony is a ritual to
make tea carefully, showing patience and respect. In daily life, people serve tea to
guests as a sign of welcome. Tea also connects to philosophy, teaching peace and
mindfulness.
翻译：中国茶文化历史悠久。茶不仅是饮品，更是一种生活方式。茶有多种类型：绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶。茶道是精心泡茶的仪式，
体现耐心与尊重。日常生活中，人们以茶待客表示欢迎。茶还与哲学相连，传递平和与正念。
14. 汉语的影响
The Chinese language has a big influence worldwide. With over 1.3 billion speakers,
it's one of the most spoken languages. Its characters are an art form—calligraphy and
poetry use them beautifully. As China grows stronger, more people learn Chinese to
do business or understand culture. Apps and online courses make it easier, spreading
Chinese words and ideas globally. It's a bridge for communication and friendship.
翻译：汉语在全球影响深远。有超过 13 亿人使用汉语，是使用最广泛的语言之一。汉字本身是艺术形式——书法和诗词完美展
现其美感。随着中国发展，更多人学习汉语以开展贸易或了解文化。应用程序和在线课程让学习更便捷，向全球传播汉语词汇和思
想。它是沟通与友谊的桥梁。
15. 《》
The Book of Songs is China's earliest collection of poems, from around 1100–600
BC. It has 305 poems about love, farm life, and politics. Some describe beautiful
scenes like "green reeds wet with dew", while others criticize unfair rulers. Written in
simple, rhythmic lines, it's easy to read and sing. It influenced Chinese literature
greatly—many later poets used its styles and themes. Even today, people still enjoy its
wisdom and beauty.
翻译：《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集，收录了约公元前 1100 至 600 年的作品，共 305 篇，内容涵盖爱情、农事和政治。
有的描绘“蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜”的美景，有的批判不公的统治者。其诗句简洁押韵，易读易唱。它对中国文学影响深远，后世许
多诗人借鉴其风格和主题。至今，人们仍欣赏其中的智慧与美感。
16. 大运河历史
The Grand Canal is an ancient waterway built over 2,500 years ago. Stretching 1,794
kilometers, it connects the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, helping transport rice, silk and
soldiers between north and south. Emperors like Yang of Sui Dynasty expanded it for
trade and control. Now a world heritage site, it still functions for shipping and
tourism, showing ancient China's ability to engineer great projects.
翻译：大运河是 2500 多年前开凿的古老水道，全长 1794 公里，连接黄河与长江，曾用于南北运输粮食、丝绸和军队。隋炀
帝等帝王为促进贸易和统治而扩建它。如今作为世界遗产，它仍用于航运和旅游，展现了古代中国建造大型工程的能力。
17. 阴阳观念
Yin and Yang are core ideas in Chinese philosophy. Yin means dark, cold and soft ,
while Yang is light, hot and strong. They are opposite but connected—everything has
both, like day and night, or a person's body and mind. The goal is to keep them
balanced for health and harmony. This idea influences TCM, Tai Chi, and how people
understand nature and life.
翻译：阴阳是中国哲学的核心概念。阴代表黑暗、寒冷、柔和（如水），阳代表光明、炎热、刚强（如火）。二者对立统一——
万物皆含阴阳，如昼夜、人的身心。目标是保持阴阳平衡以实现健康和谐。这一观念影响了中医、太极以及人们对自然和生命的认
知。
18. 京剧简介
Peking Opera is a traditional art form combining singing, dancing, acting and martial
arts. Created over 200 years ago, its characters wear colorful masks and costumes to
show their roles—red masks mean loyalty, white masks mean cunning. Stories are
often from history or legends, like The Drunken Concubine. Performers use
exaggerated movements and high-pitched singing, making it both entertaining and
educational about Chinese culture.
翻译：京剧是融合唱、舞、演、武的传统艺术形式，已有 200 《》
19. 中国书法简介
Chinese calligraphy is the art of writing beautiful Chinese characters. Using a brush
and ink, artists create lines that show rhythm and emotion. There are different styles.
Regular script features neatness and formality, while cursive script is characterized by
a flowing and free style. Calligraphy was not just for writing but also a way to express
personality. Ancient scholars practiced it daily, and today it's still loved for its
simplicity and elegance, often seen in paintings and decorations.
翻译：中国书法是书写优美汉字的艺术。艺术家以毛笔和墨汁创作出富有韵律和情感的线条。书法有多种字体：楷书（工整正式）
草书（流畅自由）。它不仅是书写方式，更是表达个性的途径。古代文人每日研习书法，如今它仍因其简约优雅备受喜爱，常见于
绘画和装饰中。
20. 中国画简介
Chinese painting, often called ink painting, uses water-based ink and brushes on silk
or paper. It focuses on capturing the spirit of the subject, not just its look. Landscapes
are popular, with mountains, rivers and trees painted in simple strokes. Birds and
flowers are also common, showing nature's beauty. Artists may add poetry or seals to
the painting, making it a mix of art, literature and calligraphy.
翻译：中国画（常称水墨画）以水墨在丝绸或宣纸上创作，注重写意而非写实。山水画最常见，用简练笔触描绘山川树木；花鸟题
材也体现自然之美。画家常题诗或盖章，使画作融合艺术、文学和书法于一体。
21. 中国传统节日之春节
The Spring Festival is China's most important holiday, celebrating the Lunar New
Year.Families reunite to clean the house, which is a way of sweeping away bad luck,
paste red couplets, and eat dumplings together.At midnight, fireworks light up the sky,
and children get red envelopes with money. During the festival, people visit relatives,
watch lion dances, and enjoy lantern shows on the final day. It's a time of joy and new
beginnings.
翻译：春节是中国最重要的节日，庆祝农历新年。家人团聚扫房（扫去晦气）、贴红对联、一起吃饺子。午夜时分，烟花照亮夜空 ，
孩子们收红包。在 15 天的节期中，人们走亲访友、看舞狮，最后一天赏灯会。这是充满喜悦和新开始的时刻。
22. 剪纸艺术
Paper Cutting is a popular folk art in China, with history over 1,500 years. Artists use
scissors or knives to cut red paper into patterns like flowers, animals, or Chinese
characters. It's often put on windows and doors during festivals, bringing good luck
and color. Common themes include happiness, wealth, and long life. Each cut is
delicate and full of meaning, showing people's creativity and love for life.
翻译：剪纸是中国流行的民间艺术，已有 1500 多年历史。艺人用剪刀或刻刀将红纸剪成花鸟、动物或汉字等图案，常用于节日
时贴在门窗上，增添喜庆色彩。常见主题有幸福、富贵、长寿。每一刀都细腻而富有寓意，展现了人们的创造力和对生活的热爱。
23. 南京云锦
Nanjing Cloud Brocade is a precious silk fabric from Nanjing, with a history of over
1,600 years. Woven with gold and silver threads, its patterns look like floating clouds,
hence the name. Emperors in the Ming and Qing dynasties used it for royal clothing.
The weaving process is complex, needing two people to operate the loom together.
Now a world intangible heritage, it's still made by hand, representing China's high
skill in silk making.
翻译：南京云锦是产自南京的珍贵丝织品，有 1600 多年历史。它用金银丝线织就，图案如流云般华美，故名“云锦”。明清帝
王用其制作龙袍等宫廷服饰。织造工艺复杂，需两人配合操作织机。如今作为世界非物质文化遗产，它仍以手工制作，代表中国高
超的丝绸技艺。
24. 中国结
Chinese Knots are decorative handicrafts made by twisting colorful threads into
complex knots. Each knot is named for its shape, like the "Lucky Knot" or "Butterfly
Knot". They symbolize good luck, love, and unity. People hang them in homes or give
them as gifts during festivals. The knots are not only beautiful but also show ancient
wisdom in turning simple threads into meaningful art.
翻译：中国结是用彩线编织成复杂绳结的装饰手工艺品，每个结因形状得名，如“吉祥结”“蝴蝶结”。它们象征好运、爱情和团圆 。
人们在节日时将其挂在家中或作为礼物赠送。中国结不仅美观，更展现了古人将简单丝线化作寓意艺术的智慧。
25. 筷子简介
Chopsticks are traditional Chinese table tools, used for over 3,000 years. Made of
wood, bamboo or metal, they are held in the hand to pick up food. The ends are round
and square, reflecting ancient ideas of harmony between man and nature. Using
chopsticks needs practice but allows fine control. They are a symbol of Chinese food
culture and a key part of daily life.
翻译：筷子是中国传统餐具，已有 3000 多年使用历史。它们由木、竹或金属制成，用手持握夹取食物。筷子一头圆（象征天）、
一头方（象征地），体现古人“天人合一”的理念。使用筷子需练习，但能精准夹取食物。它们是中国饮食文化的象征，也是日常
生活的重要部分。
26. “一带一路”倡议
The Belt and Road Initiative aims to connect countries along ancient Silk Road
routes. Started in 2013, it builds roads, railways, and ports to boost trade and
friendship. Countries work together on projects like the China-Europe Railway, which
cuts shipping time. BRI also supports cultural exchanges, like student programs and
art festivals. It's about shared development, helping nations grow together and
understand each other better.
翻译：“一带一路”倡议（BRI）旨在连接古丝绸之路沿线国家。自 2013 年启动以来，它通过建设公路、铁路和港口促进贸易
与友谊。各国合作开展中欧班列等项目，缩短货运时间。“一带一路”也支持文化交流，如学生交换和艺术节。它倡导共同发展，
帮助各国共同成长、增进理解。
27. 中国航天成就
China has made great progress in space. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese
astronaut in space aboard Shenzhou-5. Now, the Tiangong Space Station is being
built, where astronauts live and do experiments. The Chang'e missions landed on the
Moon, and the Tianwen-1 probe reached Mars. China also sends satellites for weather
and navigation, like the BeiDou system. These achievements show China's growing
space power and dedication to exploring the universe.
翻译：中国在航天领域成就斐然。2003 年，杨利伟乘神舟五号成为首位进入太空的中国航天员。如今，正在建设的天宫空间站可
供航天员驻留实验。嫦娥探月任务实现月球着陆，天问一号探测器抵达火星。中国还发射气象、导航卫星（如北斗系统）。这些成
就彰显中国日益增强的航天实力和探索宇宙的决心。
28. 科举制度简介
The Imperial Civil Service Examination System was used in China for over 1,300
years, from the Sui to Qing Dynasties. It allowed people to become officials by taking
exams on Confucian classics, history, and poetry, instead of relying on family
background. Poor students could study hard to enter government, making it a way to
change their lives. The exams had strict rules, like writing in neat script and avoiding
plagiarism. Though ended in 1905, it influenced modern education systems and
emphasized the value of learning in Chinese culture.
翻译：科举制度在中国沿用了 1300 多年（隋唐至清代），人们通过参加儒家经典、历史和诗词考试选拔官员，而非依赖出身。
贫困学子可通过苦读入仕，借此改变命运。考试规则严格，如要求字体工整、禁止抄袭。虽于 1905 年废除，但其影响渗透到现
代教育体系，也凸显了中国文化中对学习的重视。
29. 大学生如何用 AI 辅助学习
College students can use AI to study smarter. For example, language apps like
Duolingo use AI to personalize vocabulary practice based on your mistakes. AI-
powered tools like Grammarly help correct essays and improve writing skills. When
researching, search engines with AI (like Google Scholar) can find relevant papers
faster. Some apps even explain complex math problems step by step. But remember:
AI is a helper, not a replacement. Always check answers and think critically!
翻译：大学生可用 AI 优化学习。例如，多邻国等语言应用通过 AI 根据错题定制词汇练习；Grammarly 等工具辅助修改
论文、提升写作；研究时，谷歌学术等 AI 搜索引擎可快速定位相关文献；部分应用还能分步解析复杂数学题。但需注意：AI 是
帮手而非替代品，务必核对答案并保持批判性思考！
30. 大学生如何保护和弘扬中华文化
College students can protect and promote Chinese culture in simple ways. Join clubs
like Calligraphy Society or Hanfu Association to learn traditional skills. Share stories
about festivals or handcrafts on social media, using photos or short videos. Volunteer
to teach kids about paper cutting or tea ceremonies in community centers. When
traveling abroad, bring small cultural gifts like Chinese knots to share with friends.
Remember, every small action helps keep our culture alive and known worldwide.
翻译：大学生可通过多种方式保护和弘扬中华文化：加入书法社、汉服社等社团学习传统技艺；在社交媒体用图文或短视频分享节
日、手工艺故事；到社区中心志愿教孩子们剪纸、茶道；出国时携带中国结等文化小礼物与友人分享。每一个微小举动，都能让中
华文化生生不息、走向世界。
