SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
MODULE NUMBER: THREE (3) FIRST QUARTER
S.Y. 2025 – 2026
LESSON 2: POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates an understanding of politics and political science, governance, political ideologies, power, states,
nations, and globalization
The learner demonstrates an understanding of the historical background of Philippine democratic politics, the executive, the
legislative, the judiciary and decentralization and local governance
The learner demonstrates an understanding of elections and political and civil society and social movements
The learner demonstrates an understanding of citizenship
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner shall be able to identify clearly a specific political phenomenon and how it can be studied
The learner shall be able to analyze the interactions between state and society
The learner shall be able to propose a project on political engagement and youth empowerment.
LESSONS and COVERAGES
LESSON NO. of DAYS to MODULE
TITLE MOST ESSENTIAL COMPETENCIES (MELCs)
NO. be TAUGHT NO.
Political
2 Differentiate the political ideologies 4 2
Ideologies
In this lesson, you will learn the following:
LESSON TITLE LEARNING COMPETENCIES MODULE NO.
Political Ideologies Differentiate the political ideologies 2
The following are the skills expected for you to have while reading and answering on this module:
MELC: Differentiate the political ideologies
IdeologyEXPECTED SKILLSthat aims to call upon massive mass or government action to achieve a relatively better
is a political statement
political and economic condition.
In the previous module, you learned about the characteristics and basic tenets of the major political ideologies namely;
anarchism, conservatism, fascism, feminism, liberalism and socialism.
This learning material will provide you with information and activities that will help you to distinguish other major political
ideologies and their characteristics.
.
ACTIVITY
Task 1: 1: JUMBLED BEE
Direction: Unscramble the letters to form words that are related to Political Ideologies. Be guided by the definition that
follows.
JUMBLED WORD
1. LAICOS YCARCOMED
A political movement advocating a gradual and peaceful transition from capitalism to socialism by means
of democratic means.
2. SAIXMMR
It is a political and economic theory where a society has no classes
3. MSINATILOPOMSOC
It is the idea that all human beings are, or could or should be, members of a single community.
4. EENRG LIPOSCIT
It aims to poster an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, nonviolence, social
justice and grassroots democracy.
PHILLIPNE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
“Success of your Journey starts at Academy.”
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SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Task 2:
ACTIVITY 1: IDEALISTIC CONCEPT
Ideology may be defined as ‘a political belief system’ (Heywood). As a phenomenon, it is the mainspring of an individual’s
way of looking at politics and political life. Just like any other belief, an ideology is like a lens through which we see the world, and
our perception affects the way we behave.
The term ideology originates from French ideologie, itself deriving from idea and logos, “study of”. The term word, and the
system of ideas associated with it was coined in 796 by Antoine Destutt de tracy while in prison pending trial during the reign of
terror, where he read the works of John Locke and Etienne Bonnot de Condillac. Hoping to form a secure foundation for moral and
political sciences, Tracy devised the term for a “science of ideas,” basing such upon two things: 1. The sensations that people
experience as they interact with the material world; and 2. The ideas that form in their minds due to those sensations.
The following are several definitions of political ideology according to Heywood (2013).
An action-oriented set of political ideas
The ideas of ruling class
The world-view of a particular social class or group
Political ideas that embody or articulate class or social interests
Ideas that propagate false consciousness amongst the exploited or oppressed
Ideas that situated the individual within a social context and generate a sense of collective belonging
An officially sanctioned set of Ideas used to legitimize o political system or regime
An all- embracing political doctrine that claims a monopoly of truth
An abstract and highly systematic set of political ideas
MAJOR POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES AND THEIR KEY TENETS (Heywood 2013)
1. MARXISM
Historical materialism or the materialist conception of history provides that the economy (mode of production) conditions
all other aspects of social life- including law, government, politics and education.
The dialect, a process of interaction between competing forces, drives change and leads to a higher stage of development.
Historical change is therefore a consequence of contradictions in the mode of production, as reflected in class conflict.
The exploitation of the proletariat (workers) by the capitalists would develop class consciousness among the former, hence
ushering a proletarian revolution which will facilitate the creation of a communist society.
A communist society - one that is classless and stateless- will arise when class antagonisms fade
2. SOCIAL DEMOCRACY
Social democrats stand for a balance between the market and the state, and between the individual and the community
This ideology promotes compromise between the acceptance of capitalism and the distribution of wealth according to
moral, rather than market principles.
Social democratic thought is concerned with the weak, the vulnerable, and the underdog.
Compassion, common humanity, freedom, equal opportunities, paternal duty, and care are among the values social
democracy recognizes.
3. GREEN POLITICS/ ECOLOGISM
This ideology is linked with the emergence of environmental movement. It also rose as a revolt against industrialization.
It is concerned with the damages brought by economic development and by the declining quality of human existence.
Conventional ideologies are a vehicle of ecologism. Ecosocialism looks at the destruction of the environment due to
capitalism; ecofeminism traces this crisis to male power; and ecoconservatism links the cause of conservation to the desire to
preserve tradition and institutions
4. COSMOPOLITANISM
Ideological expression of globalization
It is a belief in a cosmopolis or a world state. It is thus associated with the project of world government.
Modern cosmopolitanism tends to have a moral or a cultural character, believing that the world constitutes a single moral
community.
Cosmopolitanism focuses on the idea that all other people in the world have obligations to each other regardless of
nationality, ethnicity, and the like.
ACTIVITY 1:
Task 3: MAKE IT ESSAY!
Direction: Answer the following questions briefly and concisely.
PHILLIPNE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
“Success of your Journey starts at Academy.”
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SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
1. What are the significance of knowing the differences and similarity of the different political Ideologies?
2. Can politics exist without ideology and why?
ACTIVITY 1:
Task 4: POSTER SLOGAN
Directions: Choose one among the major political ideologies that we discussed. Draw/ create poster slogan that will promote
awareness to the public about the impact of political ideology that you have chosen in the society and make a brief explanation on that.
Use separate sheet of short bond paper for your poster slogan.
CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1
Content Content is accurate Content is accurate Content is accurate Content is either Content is
and all required but some required but some required questionable or inaccurate.
information is information is not information is not incomplete. Information is
presented in a presented in a presented in a Information is not incomplete,
logical order. logical order, but logical order, presented in a inaccurate, or not
is still generally making it difficult logical order, presented in a
easy to follow. to follow. making it difficult logical order,
to follow. making it difficult
to follow.
Presentation Presentation is Presentation is Presentation flows Presentation is Presentation has
neat, clean, well- mostly neat and well. Some tools unorganized. Tools no flow.
organized and clean. Information are used to show are not used in a Information is
presented in a is organized in a acceptable relevant manner. insufficient .
creative way. logical manner and understanding Information is not
Presentation is shows some Information is identified.
colorful and degree of represented and
creative. creativity. The identified.
Information is overall
interesting and presentation is
accurate. interesting.
Artworks Artworks are Artworks are Artworks are Artworks show No images or
colorful and mostly colorful colorful and little, if any, artworks included.
appropriate to the and appropriate. appropriate. The creativity. The
topic. Layout may show layout shows little layout is messy
Layout flows well, some degree of creativity and/or is and dis-organized.
shows creativity, creativity but it is not organized
and is pleasing to not organized logically.
the eye. logically.
Mechanics No spelling, A few errors in No more than 5 No more More than 7
grammar or spelling, grammar spelling, grammar than spelling, spelling, grammar
punctuation errors or punctuation. or punctuation grammar or or punctuation
in the text. Text is Most text is in errors. Several punctuation errors. errors. Text is
in the student’s student’s own instances where Most of the text is copied or not
words. the text is not in not in student’s included.
PHILLIPNE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
“Success of your Journey starts at Academy.”
Thought to Ponder:
a g eit’s| a3real time-saver, because it tells you what you think about things you
“A political ideology is a handy thing to Phave;
know nothing about” - Hendrik Hertzberg-
SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
own words. student’s own own words.
words.
PHILLIPNE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
“Success of your Journey starts at Academy.”
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