AWS Cloud Practitioner

CSE3015
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 Course Objectives:

1. To understand of cloud computing concepts using AWS console.

2. To design and implement effective networking solutions and implement robust
security measures to protect AWS resources and data.
3. To analyze proficiency in managing storage solution and database on the AWS
platform.
4. To evaluate pricing models and support options to make informed decisions on
resource allocation and budgeting.
 Module 1

Cloud Computing Terminology – Cloud Computing Foundation, Essential

Characteristics, Architectural Overview, Components of cloud computing, Cloud
Delivery Model, Deployment Model, Cloud Service Model – SaaS, IaaS, PaaS.
AWS Console – AWS Cloud History, AWS Global Infrastructure – AWS Regions,
Availability Zones, Data Centers, and Edge Locations, and Tour of the AWS
Console.
 What is Cloud?

The term cloud refers to a network or the internet. It is a technology that uses remote
servers on the internet to store, manage, and access data online rather than local drives.
The data can be anything such as files, images, documents, audio, video, and more.

There are the following operations that we can do using cloud computing:

Developing new applications and services

Storage, back up, and recovery of data
Hosting blogs and websites
Delivery of software on demand
Analysis of data
Streaming videos and audios
 Why Cloud Computing?

Small as well as large IT companies, follow the traditional methods to provide the IT
infrastructure. That means for any IT company, we need a Server Room that is the basic
need of IT companies.

In that server room, there should be a database server, mail server, networking,
firewalls, routers, modem, switches, QPS (Query Per Second means how much queries
or load will be handled by the server), configurable system, high net speed, and the
maintenance engineers.

To establish such IT infrastructure, we need to spend lots of money. To overcome all

these problems and to reduce the IT infrastructure cost, Cloud Computing comes into
existence.
 What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is a technology that delivers computing services over the internet. Instead of
relying on local servers or personal devices, cloud computing enables users to access shared
resources like servers, storage, databases, software, and networking on-demand from remote data
centers.

Cloud computing is a revolutionary technology transforming how we store, access, and process
data. It simply refers to delivering computing resources, such as servers, storage, databases,
software, and applications, over the Internet. Cloud computing uses a network of remote computer
systems housed on the net to save and process data rather than relying on physical infrastructure.

Cloud service companies use advanced security techniques, which include encryption, firewalls,
and access restrictions, to secure your data from unauthorized access. Moreover, because your
information is saved in the cloud, it is secure even if your nearby devices are damaged, misplaced,
or stolen. Redundancy and cloud backups guarantee that your data may be restored promptly and
effectively in case of any unexpected situations.
 What is Cloud Computing?

Key Characteristics of Cloud Computing:

1) Agility: The cloud works in a distributed computing environment. It shares resources among
users and works very fast.

2) High availability and reliability: The availability of servers is high and more reliable because
the chances of infrastructure failure are minimum.

3) High Scalability: Cloud offers "on-demand" provisioning of resources on a large scale,

without having engineers for peak loads.

4) Multi-Sharing: With the help of cloud computing, multiple users and applications can work
more efficiently with cost reductions by sharing common infrastructure.
 What is Cloud Computing?

5) Device and Location Independence: Cloud computing enables the users to access systems
using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they use e.g. PC, mobile phone,
etc. As infrastructure is off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and accessed via the Internet,
users can connect from anywhere.
6) Maintenance: Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, since they do not need
to be installed on each user's computer and can be accessed from different places. So, it reduces
the cost also.
7) Low Cost: By using cloud computing, the cost will be reduced because to take the services of
cloud computing, IT company need not to set its own infrastructure and pay-as-per usage of
resources.
8) Services in the pay-per-use mode: Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are provided
to the users so that they can access services on the cloud by using these APIs and pay the charges
as per the usage of services.
Architectural Overview
 Architectural Overview

This diagram shows how cloud computing integrates various components to deliver
scalable and flexible services to end users via the internet, removing the need for
on-premises infrastructure.

● Cloud services like data storage, applications, and computing resources are hosted
on remote servers.
● Users access these services through the internet using various devices such as
mobiles, laptops, desktops, or printers.
● The router connects these devices to the cloud, while the switch ensures efficient
communication between local devices.
 Components of cloud computing
The components of cloud computing can be categorized into several key layers and elements,
each responsible for a specific function in delivering cloud services. Here's a breakdown:
1. Front-End Components (User Interface):
These are the parts that users interact with to access cloud services.
● Web Interface or Client Software: Tools like browsers or apps that allow users to
interact with the cloud.
● Devices: Devices used to access cloud services.
2. Back-End Components (Infrastructure):
The backend is responsible for providing the core functionalities of cloud computing. It
includes the infrastructure and platforms that power the cloud.
a. Infrastructure:
● Servers: Physical and virtual machines used to run applications and process requests.
● Storage: Systems that store data in the cloud.
● Networking: Connections and bandwidth to ensure smooth communication between users
and cloud resources.
● Data Centers: Physical locations housing servers and infrastructure.
 Components of cloud computing

b. Service Models:
● Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides virtualized hardware and basic infrastructure
(e.g., AWS EC2, Google Compute Engine).
● Platform as a Service (PaaS): Offers a platform for developers to build, deploy, and
manage applications (e.g., Heroku, Microsoft Azure).
● Software as a Service (SaaS): Delivers software applications over the internet (e.g.,
Gmail, Salesforce).
●
c. Virtualization: Technology that creates virtual versions of hardware and resources,
enabling multiple users to share the same physical resources.

d. Management Tools: Software for managing and monitoring resources, scaling services,
and ensuring performance. Examples: CloudWatch (AWS), Azure Monitor.
 Components of cloud computing

3. Middleware:
Middleware acts as a bridge between the user interface and backend, enabling communication
and connectivity between applications, services, and databases.
Example: Application programming interfaces (APIs) for accessing cloud services.

4. Security and Compliance:

● Access Control: Ensures secure authentication and authorization.
● Data Encryption: Protects data in transit and at rest.
● Firewalls and Monitoring: Defend against cyberattacks and monitor system activity.
● Regulatory Compliance: Ensures adherence to standards.
5. Deployment Models:
● Public Cloud: Shared resources hosted by third-party providers (e.g., AWS, Google
Cloud).
● Private Cloud: Dedicated infrastructure for a single organization.
● Hybrid Cloud: Combines public and private clouds for flexibility.
● Community Cloud: Shared infrastructure for organizations with similar needs.
 Components of cloud computing

6. Application Layer:
This includes the software and services that run on the cloud platform.
Examples: CRM systems (Salesforce), collaboration tools (Slack), and cloud storage
apps (Dropbox).
 Cloud Service Model

The Cloud Delivery Models define how cloud services are delivered to users. These models determine the level of
control, scalability, and customization available to users. The three main delivery models are IaaS (Infrastructure as a
Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and SaaS (Software as a Service). Here's a detailed explanation:

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, such as
servers, storage, networks, and operating systems. Users manage the infrastructure themselves, while the cloud
provider handles the underlying hardware.

Features:
● Offers scalable and flexible resources.
● Users are responsible for managing applications, middleware, and data.
● Provides virtual machines (VMs), storage, and networking resources.

Use Cases:
● Hosting websites and applications.
● Development and testing environments.
● High-performance computing and data analysis.
 Cloud Service Model

Examples:
● Amazon Web Services (AWS EC2): Offers scalable virtual servers.
● Microsoft Azure Virtual Machines: Provides customizable computing instances.
● Google Compute Engine: Allows users to run workloads on Google's infrastructure.

Advantages:
● Cost-effective: Pay-as-you-go model for computing resources.
● Full control over infrastructure and configurations.
● Easy scaling up or down based on demand.

Disadvantages:
● Requires technical expertise to configure and manage resources.
● Users handle security and backups at the software level.

IaaS Example: A company like Netflix uses AWS EC2 to host its servers and scale its infrastructure based on user
demand.
 Cloud Service Model

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS provides a platform that includes hardware, operating systems,
development tools, and infrastructure, enabling developers to build, test, and deploy applications without
managing the underlying infrastructure.
Features:
● Focuses on application development and deployment.
● Supports multiple programming languages and frameworks.
● Includes tools for database integration, testing, and monitoring.

Use Cases:
● Developing mobile or web applications.
● Automating software deployment processes.
● Building APIs and microservices.

Examples:
● Google App Engine: A fully managed PaaS for building scalable web applications.
● Heroku: A platform for deploying and managing apps without worrying about infrastructure.
● Microsoft Azure App Services: Supports building and hosting web applications.
 Cloud Service Model

Advantages:
● Simplifies the development process by abstracting infrastructure management.
● Developers can focus on coding and application functionality.
● Scalable and cost-effective for application deployment.

Disadvantages:
● Limited control over the underlying infrastructure.
● May face vendor lock-in due to platform-specific tools and services.

PaaS Example: A startup uses Google App Engine to build and deploy a web application quickly
without managing servers.
 Cloud Service Model

3. Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS delivers fully functional software applications over the internet. Users
access the software through a web browser without worrying about installation, maintenance, or upgrades.

Features:
● Hosted and managed by the service provider.
● Accessible on-demand over the internet.
● Requires minimal setup or configuration by users.

Use Cases:
● Email services.
● Customer relationship management (CRM) tools.
● Collaboration and communication platforms.

Examples:
● Google Workspace (Gmail, Google Docs, Google Drive): Provides productivity and collaboration tools.
● Salesforce: A leading CRM platform for managing customer interactions.
● Dropbox: A cloud-based file storage and sharing platform.
 Cloud Service Model

Advantages:
● Easy to use and requires no infrastructure setup.
● Automatic updates and maintenance handled by the provider.
● Accessible from anywhere with an internet connection.

Disadvantages:
● Limited customization compared to IaaS and PaaS.
● Data security and privacy are dependent on the provider.
● Requires a stable internet connection for access.

SaaS Example: Businesses use Salesforce to manage customer relationships and track sales
pipelines without installing software locally.
Cloud Service Model
 Advantages of Cloud Service Models

● Cost Efficiency: Cloud providers provide a pricing model that permits customers to pay
only for the sources they consume. This gets rid of the need for advanced infrastructure
investments and allows price efficiency as businesses scale resources based totally on
need.

● Scalability: Cloud services provide the potential to scale sources up or down speedily
and respond to changing workloads and commercial organization requirements. This
flexibility ensures that agencies can correctly manipulate fluctuating needs without
over-provisioning.

● Accessibility and Flexibility: Cloud computing allows one to get access to applications
and facts remotely from everywhere with an internet connection. This fosters
collaboration among geographically dispersed groups and allows users to work flexibly.
 Advantages of Cloud Service Models

● Rapid Deployment: Cloud provider models facilitate rapid deployment of programs.

Users can provision sources and deploy programs quickly, decreasing time-to-market
and allowing faster innovation.

● Managed Services: Cloud providers offer more than a few managed offerings,
managing duties together with safety, tracking, and safety. This helps agencies dump
operational obligations, pay attention to relevant skills, and experience the records of
cloud carriers.

● Automatic Updates and Patch Management: Cloud providers manipulate software

application updates, patches, and protection functions robotically. This ensures that
clients always have to get proper entry to the required abilities and protection upgrades
without the need for guide intervention.
 Deployment Model

The Cloud Deployment Models define how cloud services are deployed and accessed by
users. These models determine the cloud's ownership, management, and the level of control
and access that an organization or individual has. There are four primary deployment models:

1. Public Cloud
2. Private Cloud
3. Hybrid Cloud
4. Community Cloud
 Public Cloud

Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the pay-per-usage
method.

In public cloud, computing resources are managed and operated by the Cloud Service Provider
(CSP). The CSP looks after the supporting infrastructure and ensures that the resources are
accessible to and scalable for the users.

Due to its open architecture, anyone with an internet connection may use the public cloud,
regardless of location or company size. Users can use the CSP's numerous services, store their data,
and run apps. By using a pay-per-usage strategy, customers can be assured that they will only be
charged for the resources they actually use, which is a smart financial choice.

Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), IBM SmartCloud Enterprise, Microsoft, Google App
Engine, Windows Azure Services Platform.
Public Cloud
 Advantages of Public Cloud

There are the following advantages of Public Cloud -

● Public cloud is owned at a lower cost than the private and hybrid cloud.
● Public cloud is maintained by the cloud service provider, so do not need to worry about the
maintenance.
● Public cloud is easier to integrate. Hence it offers a better flexibility approach to consumers.
● Public cloud is location independent because its services are delivered through the internet.
● Public cloud is highly scalable as per the requirement of computing resources.
● It is accessible by the general public, so there is no limit to the number of users.
● Rapid deployment of services and applications.
● Reduced time and effort in hardware procurement and setup.
● The cloud provider offers a range of services and resources that you can avail of.
● Built-in redundancy and resilience for enhanced reliability.
 Disadvantages of Public Cloud

There are the following disadvantages of Public Cloud -

● Public Cloud is less secure because resources are shared publicly.

● Performance depends upon the high-speed internet network link to the cloud provider.
● The data is not under the control of the client.
 Private Cloud

Private cloud is also known as an internal cloud or corporate cloud. It is used by organizations to
build and manage their own data centers internally or by the third party. It can be deployed using
Open Source tools such as Openstack and Eucalyptus.
 Advantages of Private Cloud

There are the following advantages of the Private Cloud -

● Private cloud provides a high level of security and privacy to the users.
● Private cloud offers better performance with improved speed and space capacity.
● It allows the IT team to quickly allocate and deliver on-demand IT resources.
● The organization has full control over the cloud because it is managed by the organization
itself. So, there is no need for the organization to depends on anybody.
● It is suitable for organizations that require a separate cloud for their personal use and data
security is the first priority.
● Customizable to meet specific business needs and compliance regulations.
● Higher reliability and uptime compared to public cloud environments.
● Seamless integration with existing on-premises systems and applications.
● Better compliance and governance capabilities for industry-specific regulations.
● Enhanced flexibility in resource allocation and application deployment.
 Disadvantages of Private Cloud

There are the following disadvantages of the Private Cloud -

● Skilled people are required to manage and operate cloud services.
● Private cloud is accessible within the organization, so the area of operations is limited.
● Private cloud is not suitable for organizations that have a high user base, and organizations
that do not have the prebuilt infrastructure, sufficient manpower to maintain and manage the
cloud.
● Scaling resources can be challenging compared to public or hybrid cloud options.
 Hybrid Cloud

Hybrid cloud is partially secure because the services

which are running on the public cloud can be accessed
by anyone, while the services which are running on a
private cloud can be accessed only by the organization's
users. In a hybrid cloud setup, organizations can
leverage the benefits of both public and private clouds
to create a flexible and scalable computing
environment. The public cloud portion allows using
cloud services provided by third-party providers,
accessible over the Internet.

Example: Google Application Suite (Gmail, Google

Apps, and Google Drive), Office 365 (MS Office on the
Web and One Drive), Amazon Web Services.
 Advantages of Hybrid Cloud

There are the following advantages of Hybrid Cloud -

● Hybrid cloud is suitable for organizations that require more security than the public cloud.
● Hybrid cloud helps you to deliver new products and services more quickly.
● Hybrid cloud provides an excellent way to reduce the risk.
● Hybrid cloud offers flexible resources because of the public cloud and secure resources because of the
private cloud.
● Hybrid facilitates seamless integration between on-premises infrastructure and cloud environments.
● Hybrid provides greater control over sensitive data and compliance requirements.
● Hybrid enables efficient workload distribution based on specific needs and performance requirements.
● Hybrid offers cost optimization by allowing organizations to choose the most suitable cloud platform
for different workloads.
● Hybrid enhances business continuity and disaster recovery capabilities with private and public cloud
resources.
● Hybrid supports hybrid cloud architecture, allowing applications and data to be deployed across
multiple cloud environments based on their unique requirements.
 Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud

There are the following Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud -

● In Hybrid Cloud, security feature is not as good as the private cloud.

● Managing a hybrid cloud is complex because it is difficult to manage more than one type of deployment
model.
● In the hybrid cloud, the reliability of the services depends on cloud service providers.
● Potential challenges in data integration and ensuring seamless connectivity between different cloud
platforms.
● Higher costs due to the need for managing and integrating multiple cloud environments.
● Increased complexity in data governance and compliance management across different cloud providers.
● Dependency on stable and high-bandwidth internet connections for efficient hybrid cloud operations.
● Potential compatibility issues between various cloud platforms and applications.
● Risk of vendor lock-in and limited portability of applications and data across different cloud providers.
● Requires skilled IT staff with expertise in managing hybrid cloud environments.
 Community Cloud

Community cloud allows systems and services to be

accessible by a group of several organizations to
share the information between the organization and
a specific community. It is owned, managed, and
operated by one or more organizations in the
community, a third party, or a combination of them.

In a community cloud setup, the participating

organizations, which can be from the same industry,
government sector, or any other community,
collaborate to establish a shared cloud
infrastructure. This infrastructure allows them to
access shared services, applications, and data
relevant to their community.
 Advantages of Community Cloud

There are the following advantages of Community Cloud -

● Community cloud is cost-effective because the whole cloud is being shared by several organizations
or communities.
● Community cloud is suitable for organizations that want to have a collaborative cloud with more
security features than the public cloud.
● It provides better security than the public cloud.
● It provides collaborative and distributive environment.
● Community cloud allows us to share cloud resources, infrastructure, and other capabilities among
various organizations.
● Offers customization options to meet the unique needs and requirements of the community.
● Simplifies compliance with industry-specific regulations and standards through shared security
measures.
● Provides scalability and flexibility, allowing organizations to scale resources based on changing
demands.
● Promotes efficient resource utilization, reducing wastage, and optimizing performance within the
community.
● Enables organizations to leverage shared expertise and experiences, leading to improved
decision-making and problem-solving.
 Disadvantages of Community Cloud

There are the following disadvantages of Community Cloud -

● Community cloud is not a good choice for every organization.

● Security features are not as good as the private cloud.
● It is not suitable if there is no collaboration.
● The fixed amount of data storage and bandwidth is shared among all community members.
● Challenges in ensuring consistent performance and availability when multiple organizations
share the same resources.
● Limited scalability options as the shared resources determine the community cloud's capacity.
● Potential conflicts of interest among community members regarding resource allocation and
usage.
● Transparent governance and agreement frameworks are required to address potential disputes
and ensure fair resource distribution.
● Inadequate technical support and service level agreements (SLAs) compared to private or public
cloud options.
 What is AWS?
● AWS stands for Amazon Web Services.
● The AWS service is provided by the Amazon that uses distributed IT infrastructure to provide
different IT resources available on demand. It provides different services such as infrastructure
as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and packaged software as a service (SaaS).
● Amazon launched AWS, a cloud computing platform to allow the different organizations to
take advantage of reliable IT infrastructure.
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