Acknowledgments
I would like to acknowledge the use of several reputable online resources
that provided essential information for this project. These sources helped us
understand the causes, symptoms, and treatments in greater detail, and
allowed us to present the information in a clear and structured way. I am also
grateful to the authors and organizations who make accurate health
information freely available to the public.
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is a thin, transparent
membrane covering the white of the eye and lining the inside of the eyelids. Conjunctivitis may
be one or both eyes and is most caused by viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or irritants.
Viral conjunctivitis is also commonly linked to colds or upper respiratory infections, which can
spread to the eye. Conjunctivitis is quite painful, but it will not cause permanent loss of vision.
Causes
Conjunctivitis can be caused by various factors. The most found causes are:
1. Viral infections (usually with common cold or flu)
2. Bacterial infections
3. Allergic reactions (pollen, dust)
4. Chemical irritation (exposure to cleaning chemicals, pool chlorine, or other chemicals)
Symptoms
Since the symptoms can be similar in these causes, it is not possible to identify the exact cause
of conjunctivitis unless there is professional assessment. If you see symptoms, it is important to
see an eye care professional, an optometrist or ophthalmologist, for proper diagnosis and
treatment. Common symptoms include:
1. Redness in one or both eyes
2. Sandiness or grittiness in the eye(s)
3. Discharge or mucus buildup, typically worse during the night and making the eyes sticky
upon waking
4. Itching in one or both eyes
5. Swelling of the eyelid(s) or the tissue around the eye
6. Excess tearing
7. Light sensitivity
Treatment
Conjunctivitis treatment depends on the etiology. Antibiotic eye drops can be administered in
bacterial infections. Viral conjunctivitis improves spontaneously but steps to alleviate discomfort
may be taken. Antihistamine eye drops or oral antihistamines treat allergic conjunctivitis.
Some home remedies are:
1. Applying a warm compress to loosen up mucus and alleviate irritation.
2. Using a cold compress to reduce swelling and pain.
3. Frequent hand washing to prevent the infection from spreading to other people.
4. Avoiding touching or rubbing one's eyes.
5. Conjunctivitis generally resolves in one to two weeks, but persistent or increasing
symptoms should be checked by a doctor.
Mistakes to Avoid
With conjunctivitis, some common habits can complicate the infection or result in the spread of
the infection. To minimize discomfort and avoid complications:
1. Frequent hand washing, particularly before and after handling your eyes.
2. Follow prescribed eye drops precisely.
3. Never share eye drops or personal medications.
4. Wash them with a clean, different cloth for each eye-the softer the cloth, the better.
5. Never touch or rub your eyes. This can worsen the irritation and spread the infection
6. Don't use your contact lenses when your eyes are fully healed because they will prolong
the infection.
