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Coordination Complex Isomerism

The document discusses isomerism in coordination complexes, categorizing them into octahedral, square planar, and tetrahedral complexes based on their coordination number and geometry. It outlines the number of geometric isomers (GI) and the presence of optical isomerism for various ligand arrangements. Key examples and notes are provided to illustrate the isomerism characteristics of each complex type.

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6 views1 page

Coordination Complex Isomerism

The document discusses isomerism in coordination complexes, categorizing them into octahedral, square planar, and tetrahedral complexes based on their coordination number and geometry. It outlines the number of geometric isomers (GI) and the presence of optical isomerism for various ligand arrangements. Key examples and notes are provided to illustrate the isomerism characteristics of each complex type.

Uploaded by

yuvrajmandhan61
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Isomerism in Coordination Complexes

1. Octahedral Complexes (CN = 6, d²sp³ / sp³d²)


Formula No. of GI Optical Isomerism Notes
MA■B■ 2 (cis, trans) Cis only Classic example: [Co(NH■)■Cl■]■
MA■B■ 2 (fac, mer) No fac = all A together, mer = one A opposite another
MA■B■C■ 5 Some cases Different cis/trans patterns for each ligand pair
MABCD■ 4 Some cases Depends on arrangement
MABCD Many Yes if no symmetry Fully substituted, many GI
MABCDEF Many Yes if no symmetry Completely chiral arrangements possible

2. Square Planar Complexes (CN = 4, dsp²)


Formula No. of GI Optical Isomerism Notes
MA■B■ 2 (cis, trans) Cis only Example: [Pt(NH■)■Cl■]
MABCD 3 Possible Three GI based on opposite ligands
MA■B No No All arrangements equivalent
MA■BC 2 (cis, trans) Cis only
MAB■C 2 (cis, trans) Cis only

3. Tetrahedral Complexes (CN = 4, sp³)


Formula No. of GI Optical Isomerism Notes
MA■B■ No No All arrangements equivalent in tetrahedral geometry
MABCD No GI Yes if all 4 different Chiral
MA■B No No
MA■BC No GI No
MABC No GI No

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