APPLIED CHEMISTRY, PTS EXAMS 2024

1. A drop of water freezes at 0˚C. a large pond of water freezes at 0˚C. this is a ggod example of
what property? (a) intrinsic (b) associative (c) extrinsic (d) none of the above
2. In a dilute aqueous solution of ammonia, which of the following is present? (a) OH- + NH2- (b)
OH- + NH4+ (c) H3O+ + NH2- (d) none of the above
3. What is the bond between amino acids called? (a) ionic bond (b) dative bond (c) peptide bond
(d) hydrogen bond
4. Order the following forms of matter from smallest to largest. (a) neutron, atom, electron (b)
electron, atom, molecule (c) polymer, proton, atom (d) atom, compound, neutron
5. The following are radiations emitted by radioactive elements except (a) alpha rays (b) beta rays
(c) x-rays (d) gamma rays
6. The general formula of alkanones is (a) RCHO (b)RCOR’ (c) RCOOH (d) RCOOR’
7. Reduction never involves; (a) gain of electrons (b) decrease in oxidation number (c) loss of
electrons (d) decrease in valency of electropositive component
8. Calculate the oxidation number of chromium in Cr2O72- (a) +3 (b) +4 (c) +5 (d) +6
9. The following are examples of organic acids excepts; (a) ethanoic acid (b) amino acid (c) nitric
acid (d) lactic acid
10. Oxidation number of P in PO43-, of S in SO42- and that of Cr in Cr2O72- are respectively; (a) +3,
+6 & +5 (b) +5, +3 & +6 (c) +3, +6 & +6 (d) +5, +6 & +6
11. The total number of shared pair of electrons in the compound below is?
H H
C C
H H
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 10 (d) 12

12. vinegar is an aqueous solution of? (a) hydrochloric acid (b) ethanedioic acid (c) ethanoic acid (d)
hydrochloric acid

13. consider the structure below;

H H

H C C C OH

H C2H5 O

How many carbon atoms does the parent chain contain?

(a) 5(b) 4(c) 3 (d) 2

14. The reactivity of fluorine is high because of? (a) its high electronegativity (b) the small size of the
fluorine atom (c) the availability of d-orbital (d) the strong F F bond
15. How many coulombs of electricity would liberates 1.08g of Ag from a solution of silver salt?
[Ag=108g; 1F=96500C] (a) 96500C (b) 9650C (c) 965 (d) 9.65C

16. the basic property of salts used as drying agents is?

(a) efflorescence (b) high melting point (c) hygroscopy (d) low solubility

17. The bond between NH3 and H+ in NH4+ is? (a) dative (b) covalent (c) hydrogen (d) electrovalent

18. Which of the following compounds would release hydrogen when reacted with sodium metal?

(a) CH3COOH (b) NaOH (c) K2SO4 (d) HNO3

19. What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the following structure.

H CH3

H C C C H

H H

(a) 2-methyl butane (b) 2-methyl prop-2-ene (c) 2-methyl, prop-1-ene (d) but-1-ene

20. what is x in the reaction represented by the equation below;

C7H16 C2H5 + C2H4 + X

(a) C3H5 (b) C3H16 (c) C3H7 (d) C3H8

21. if X react with excess acidified K2Cr2O7 to produce an alkanoic acid, X is an?

(a) alkanol (b) alkene (c) amino acid (d) alkanoate

22. what is the IUPAC name of the compound with the following structure;
CH2 CHCH CH CH3

(a) pent-1,3-diene (b) pent-3,1-diene (c) pent-1,2-diene (d) pent-2,1-diene

23. how many carbon atoms are present in one molecule of 2-methylpropane?

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

24. What is the value of x in Cr2O72- + 14H+ + xe- 2Cr + 7H2O

(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 12

25. Halogens generally react with metals to form (a) alkalis (b) acids (c) bases (d) salts

26. The following acids are monobasic except? (a) HNO3 (b) H2SO4 (c) CH3COOH (d) HCl
27. Which of the following substances is a polypeptide? (a) starch (b) glycogen (c) protein (d) fats

28. The IUPAC name of the compound represented by the structure below is;

H Cl H

H C C C C H

(a) 2- chloro but-1,3-diene (b) but-1,3-chlorodiene (c) 2-chloro but-1,3-diene (d) 3-chloro but-1,3-
diene

29. Which of the following substances is an example of a fine chemical? (a) sodium hydroxide (b)
hydrochloric acid (c) ethylene (d) ammonia

30. What is the mass of silver deposited when 24,125C of electricity passed through a solution silver
salt? [Ag=108g, 1F=96500C] (a) 432g (b) 108g (c) 54g (d) 27g

31. The most suitable process of obtaining water from an aqueous solution of sugar? (a)
crystallization (b) distillation (c) filtration (d) decantation

32. The type of isomerism exhibited by cis and trans isomers is (a) positional (b) geometrical (c)
functional (d) optical

33. ‘’Electrons always occupy the lowest empty energy level’’ is a statement of (a) hund’s rule (b)
aufbau’s principle (c) pauli exclusion principle (d) periodic law

34. How many electrons does 3115P3+ contain? (a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 16 (d) 18

35. The formation of ethene from dehydration of ethanol can be described as (a) an addition
reaction (b) an elimination reaction (c) an oxidation (d) a substitution reaction

36. CnH2n+1OH is the general molecular formular of (a) alkanes (b) alkanols (c) alkanals (d) alkanoic
acids

37. An atom of an element X gains 2 electrons. The symbol of ion formed is formed at the cathode?

(a) X+ (b) X2+ (c) X2- (d) X-

38. During the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride (Brine), what product is formed at the
cathode (a) sodium (b) hydrogen (c) chlorine gas (d) oxygen gas

39. Dehydration of the ethanol produces? (a) ethanoic acid (b) ethene (c) ethanal (d) methanal

40. Given that the electronic configuration of an element X is 1s22s22p63s23p5, what group does X
belong to in the periodic table? (a) 7 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 4
41. the equation below is an illustration of?

H+ + OH- H2O

(a) Displacement reaction (b) reversible reaction (c) neutralization reaction (d) decomposition
reaction

42. Which of the following atoms has the highest number of electrons in the outermost shell?

(a) 8O (b) 10Ne (c) 15P (d) 19K

43. The following are substances with acidic PH values except (a) lime 2.4 (b) banana 4.6 (c) distilled
water 7.0 (d) milk of magnesium 10.5

44. What is the total number of sulphur atoms represented in 3Ca(SO4)3 (a) 3 (b) 4(c)6 (d) 9

45. Consider the equation below; C(s) + 2ZnO(s) CO2(g) + 2Zn(s)

Which of the following substance is a reducing agent (a) C (s)(b) ZnO (c) CO2(g) (d) 2Zn(s)

46. which of the following compound is an acid salt (a) Zn(OH)NO3 (b) KAl(SO4)2 (c) KHSO4 (d)
(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2

47. consider the reaction represented by the equation below xNH3(g) + yCl2(g) zHCl(g) + N2(g)

The value of x,y and z are respectively;

(a) 2,3,6 (b) 2,4,6 (c) 3,2,4 (d) 2,4,1s

48. if the third member of a homologous series is C3H8, the fifth member will be (a) C 5H8

(b). C5H12 (c) C5H9 (d) C5H11

49. The organic compound with the following structure represents;

CH3 C OH

C2H5

(a) Primary alcohol (b) secondary alcohol (c) tertiary alcohol (d) trihydric alcohol

50. the pair of compounds that belongs to the same homologous series is (a) C 3H8 and C3H6 (b) C4H10
and C5H10 (c) C2H4 and C4H10 (d) C2H6 and C4H10

51. separation of mixtures of solids by physical methods can be based on differences in the
following except (a) melting point (b) solubility (c) particle size (d) molar mass
52. what takes place at the cathode during electrolysis? (a) anions lose electrons (b) anions are
oxidized (c) cations are discharged (d) cations are oxidized

53. the following steps are scientific methods exceot (a) analysis (b) open-mindedness (c)
experiment (d) problrm identification

54. which of the following elements has its valence electrons in the s-orbital? (a) sodium (b) carbon
(c) phosphorus d) aluminium

55. consider the structure below;

H H

H C C C OH

H C3H7 O

How many carbon atoms does the parent chain contain?

(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2

56. The reactivity of fluorine is high because of (a) its high electronegatively (b) the small size of the
fluorine atom (c) the availability of d-orbital (d) the strong F-F bond

57. How many coulombs of electricity would liberate 1.08g of Ag from a solution of silver salt?
[Ag=108g; 1F=96500C] (a) 96500C (b) 9650C (c) 965C (d) 9.65C

58. Potassium trioxonitrate (IV) can be obtained from its solution by (a) distillation (b) evaporation
(c) crystallization (d) filtration

59. The following ions have the same electronic configuration except 8O, 12Mg, 13Al, 17Cl (a) Cl- (b) O2-
(c) Mg2+ (d) Al3+

60. The region around the nucleus where electrons can be located is called (a) a spectra (b) an
orbital (c) a quanta (d) a field

61. Protons and electrons are called fundamental particles because they (a) are invisible (b) have
different charges (c) are the lightest particles (d) are found in all matter

62. The periodic table is an arrangement of elements according to their (a) oxidation number (b)
atomic number (c) mass number (d) number of neutrons

63. The name of the compound CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH3 is called (a) 2-methyl butane (b) 2,2-dimethyl
butane (c) 2-methyl pentane (d) 2,2-dimethyl pentane

64. Vinegar is an aqueous solution of (a) hydrochloric acid (b) ethanedioic acid (c) ethanoic acid (d)
hydrofluoric acid
65. Which of the following compounds is formed by the oxidation of ethanol? (a) C 2H4COOH (b)
C2H5COOH (c) CH3OH (d) CH3COOH

66. A sodium atom and sodium ion have the same (a) number of neutrons (b) number of electrons
(c) electric charge (d) electronic structure

67. The atoms 6429Cu and 6530Zn have the same number of (a) nucleons (b) electrons (c) neutrons (d)
protons

68. Which of the following sugar is a product of condensation of monosaccharides? (a) galactose (b)
maltose (c) glucose (d) fructose

69. The following compounds are condensation polymers except (a) nylon (b) protein (c) starch (d)
polythene

70. Determine the quantity of electricity used when a current of 0.20 amperes is passed through an
electrolytic cell for 60 minutes (a) 12C (b) 120C (c) 360C (d) 720C

71. The products of the electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride at the anode and cathode respectively,
using electrodes are (a) chlorine and sodium (b) oxygen and hydrogen (c) chlorine and hydrogen
(d)hydrogen and oxygen

72. Petrochemistry is an example of (a) pure chemistry (b) applied chemistry (c) biochemistry (d)
filtration

73. The primary component of natural gas is (a) butane (b) ethane (c) propane (d) methane

74. How many unpaired electrons are there in an atom of an element with the following electronic
configuration? 1s22s22p6 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 6

75. The loss of molecules of water of crystallization to the atmosphere by some crystalline salts is
known as (a) efflorescence (b) effervescence (c) deliquescence (d) phosphorescence

76. Which of the following ions will migrate to the cathode during electrolysis? (a) chloride ions (b)
sulphide ions (c) zinc ions (d) tetraoxosulphate (VI)ions

77. The mass number of an atom of an element is the sum of its (a) electrons, neutrons and protons
(b) electrons and protons (c) protons and neutrons (d) orbital electrons

78. An acid is a substance which in the presence of water produces (a) salts (b) oxygen (c) hydrogen
ions (d) hydrogen gas

79. Which of the following is a secondary alkanol? (a) 2-methylpropan-1-ol (b) butan-2-ol (c) 2-
methylpropan-2-ol (d) 2-ethylbutanol

80. Separation of mixtures can be based on differences in the following except (a) melting point (b)
solubility (c) particle size(d)molar mass
81. The reaction between alkanoic acids and alkanols in the presence of a mineral acid is known as
(a) saponification (b)hydrolysis (c) esterification (d) dehydration

82. When alkanols react with sodium, the gas evolved is (a) hydrogen (b) oxygen (c) methane (d)
ethyne

83. Which of the following is used widely in the manufacture of flavours and perfumes? (a)
alkanoates (b) alkanones (c) alkanes (d) complex sugars

84. What is the name of the following compound below?

C2H5 C CH3

(a) Butanoate (b) butanone (c) butan-2-one (d) butanal

85. A substance X reacts with glucose to form maltose. X is likely to be a (a) glucose (b) fructose (c)
galactose (d) mannose

86. The following salt, potassium aluminium tetraoxosulphate (VI), KAl(SO4)2 contains the following
ions except (a) K+ (b) Al3+ (c) SO42- (d) Al3-

87. What is the molecular mass of mass of 3 moles of water? (H=1, O=16) (a) 18g/mol (b) 36g/mol
(c) 54g/mol (d) 72g/mol

88. If the second member of an alkyl group is C2H5, the sixth member will be (a) C6H13 (b) C6H14 (c)
C6H6 (d) C6H12

89. Which of the following electronic configuration indicates a noble gas? (a) 1s22s22p63s1 (b)
1s22s22p6 (c) 1s22s22p63s23p5 (d) 1s22s22p63s23p1

90. Who is the founder of neutron? (a) J.J. Thompson (b) James Chadwick (c) Ernest rutherford (d)
Robert milikan

91. The monomers responsible for the formation of starch through condensation are called (a)
glucose (b) fructose (c) Galactose (d) mannose

92. Oxidation state of nitrogen in NO2, NO4 and NO6 are respectively; (a) +2, +4 & +6 (b) +4, +8 &
+12 (c) +4, +2 & +6 (d) +12, +4 & +6

93. A chain made up of multiple amino acids to form protein is called a (a) polysaccharides (b)
polypeptide (c) polythene (d) polycythemia

94. How many covalent bonds are there in a molecule of ethane (C 2H6)? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 2 (d) 7

95. The following are uses of X-rays except (a) to diagnose cancer (b) to check vital signs (c) to
perform dental check (d) to diagnose injuries
96. A group of organic compounds derived from alkanes by the loss of one hydrogen atom is called
an (a) alkene (b) alkyl (c) alkyne (d) alkanal

97. An alkanol with two alkyl groups attached to a carbon atom carrying the hydroxyl group is
referred to as a (a) primary alkanol (b) secondary alcohol (c) tertiary alcohol (d) dihydric alkanol

98. Calculate the oxidation state of chromium in Cr2O72- (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7

99. How many carbon atoms are present in 2-chloro, 4-methyl pentane (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7

100. What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the following structure?

C2H5

CH3 CH CH2 CH CH3

Cl

(a) 2-chloro, 4-ethyl pentane (b) 4-ethyl, 2-chloro pentane (c) 2-chloro, 2-ethyl pentane (d) 4-ethyl,
4-chloro pentane