Charitable Trust
Charitable Trust
1. Introduction
A public charitable or religious institution can be formed either as a Trust or as
a Society or as a Company registered u/s 25 of the Companies Act.
but subject in each case to the law for the time being in force as to the
circumstances and extent in and to which the Author of the Trust may dispose
of the Trust property.
It may, however, be noted that the Indian Trusts Act does not apply to public
trusts which can be formed by any person under general law. Under the Hindu
Law, any Hindu can create a Hindu endowment and under the Muslim law, any
Muslim can create a public wakf. Public Trusts are essentially of charitable or
religious nature, and can be constituted by any person.
Thus, two basic things are required for being capable of forming a trust –
Section 8 of the Indian Trust Act, however, provides that mere beneficial
interest under a subsisting trust cannot be made the subject matter of another
trust.
In the case of J.K. Trust vs. CIT (1957) 32 ITR 535 (S.C.), the Supreme Court
had held that the word " property" under the Trusts Act is of the widest import
and a business undertaking will undoubtedly be a property so that a running
business can be made a subject matter of trust. This view has been followed in
the case of in CIT vs. P. Krishna Warriar (1964) 53 ITR 176 (SC).
Business may be a taboo for charitable institution from the point of view of
exemption for income tax purposes. From time to time, the law has undergone
a change as to what business is permitted and under what circumstances. The
present law permits only such business which is incidental to attainment of the
objects of the trust or the institution, subject to the condition that separate
account books are maintained for such business as prescribed under sub-
section 4A of section 11 of I.T. Act.
Requisites of a Trust
Unless all these requisites are fulfilled a trust cannot be said to have come into
existence.
Trust Deed-Clauses
A person drafting the deed of a public charitable trust has to bear in mind
several enactments, particularly the Indian Trusts Act, any local enactment
relating to trusts, like the Bombay Public Trusts Act for the State of
Maharashtra and the Income tax Act. Such a person has also to keep in mind
the relevant judicial pronouncements dealing with the scope of "charitable
purpose" and accordingly decide whether a particular purpose is charitable or
not. An instrument of Trust
or association/institution created or established should contain inter alia the
following clauses:
1. Nothing contained in this deed shall be deemed to authorise the
trustees to do any act which may in any way be construed as statutory
modifications thereof and all activities of the trust shall be carried out
with a view to benefit the public at large, without any profit motive and
in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 or any
statutory modification thereof.
2. The trust is hereby expressly declared to be a public charitable trust
and all the provisions of this deed are to be construed accordingly.
1. It shall be the duty of the trustee of a public trust to which this Act
has been applied to make an application for the registration of the
public trust.
2. Such application shall be made to the Deputy or Assistant Charity
Commissioner of the region or sub-region within the limits of which
the trust has an office for the administration of the trust or the trust
property or substantial portion of the trust property is situated, as
the case may be.
3. Such application shall be in writing, shall be in such form and
accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed.
4. The application shall be made within 3 months of creation of the
Public Trust.
5. The application shall inter alia contain the full detail as prescribed
in the form of Schedule II – (under Rule-6).
6. Every application made under sub-section (1) shall be signed and
verified in the prescribed manner by the trustee or his agent
specially authorized by him in this behalf. It shall be accompanied
by a copy of an instrument of trust, if such instrument has been
executed and is in existence.
6A. Where on receipt of such application, it is noticed that the
application is incomplete in respect of any particulars, or does not
disclose full particulars of the public trust, the Deputy or Assistant
Charity Commissioner may return the application to the trustee,
and direct the trustee to complete the application in all respects or
disclose therein the full particulars of the trust, and resubmit it
within the period specified in such direction; and it shall be the
duty of the trustee to comply with the direction.
7. It shall also be the duty of the trustee of the public trust to send
memorandum in the prescribed form containing the particulars,
including the name and description of the public trust, relating to
the immovable property of such public trust, to the Sub-Registrar of
the sub-district appointed under the Indian Registration Act, 1908,
in which such immoveable property is situated for the purpose of
filing in Book No.I under section 89 of that Act.
2. Such memorandum shall be sent within three months from the date of
creation of the public trust and shall be signed and verified in the
prescribed manner by the trustee or his agent specially authorized by
him in this behalf.
3. When the Registering Officer is satisfied that the provisions of the Act
as applicable to the document presented for registration have been
complied with, he shall endorse thereon a certificate containing the
word "registered", together with the number and page of the book in
which the document has been copied. Such certificate shall be signed,
sealed and dated by the Registering Officer, and shall then be the
conclusive evidence that the Trust has been duly registered. A
registered trust deed shall become operative (retrospectively) from the
date of its execution.
If the Registrar is satisfied with the documents filed, he then requires the
applicant society to deposit the registration fee. Normally, registration fee is
Rs. 50, payable in cash or by demand draft. After the registration formalities
have been completed and the Registrar is satisfied that the provisions of the
Act have been complied with, he issues a certificate of Registration. Certified
copies of the Rules and Regulations and Memorandum can be obtained by
making simple application.
An entity registered under the Societies Act also gets registration under the
local Public Trusts Act; i.e., Bombay Public Trusts Act by making an application
simultaneously as mentioned above in case of trust deed. This is so because
the definition of a Public Trust in Bombay Public Trusts Act includes a " Society
" which is registered under the Societies Registration Act.
A copy of the application with all enclosures and accompanying papers should
be sent to the Registrar of Companies of the State where the association
proposes to situate its Registered Office.
After the draft Memorandum and Articles have been approved by the Regional
Director, the association should apply to the Registrar of Companies, for its
registration as a company, in Form No.1 along with printed copies of
Memorandum and Articles and other documents necessary for registration
along with a registration fee of Rs. 500/-. The Registrar then issues a
certificate of incorporation.
4. Provided that no order under sub-clause (ii) shall be passed unless the
applicant has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
A model Trust deed and various forms for registration are enclosed herewith
for ready reference.
MODEL TRUST DEED OF A PUBLIC CHARITABLE TRUST
(Hereinafter called " The Trustees" which expression shall unless repugnant to the
context or meaning thereof be deemed to include the survivors or survivor of them
and the trustees or trustee for the time being of these presents and their heirs,
executors and administrators of the last surviving trustee, their or his assignees) of
the other part;
WHEREAS the party hereto of the first part is possessed of the sum of Rs. ___________/-
(Rs. __________ Only) as his absolute property and he is desirous of creating a
Religious/ Charitable/Educational Trust for the benefit of the humanity at large.
AND WHEREAS each of the parties hereto of the "Other Part" has individually and
jointly has agreed to act as Trustees of the Trust, proposed by the party of the first
part.
AND WHEREAS nothing contained in this deed shall be deemed to authorize the
trustees to do any act which may in any way be construed statutory modifications
thereof and all activities of the trust shall be carried out with a view to benefit the
public at large, without any profit motive and in accordance with the provisions of the
Income-tax Act, 1961 or any statutory modification thereof.
AND WHEREAS the trust is hereby expressly declared to be a public charitable trust
and all the provisions of this deed are to be constituted accordingly.
1. SETTLEMENT
The party of the first part, the settlor, does hereby settle the sum of
Rs._______ /- (Rs. __________ only) in Trust, with the name and for the objects
hereinafter stated, by delivering the said amount in cash which the party of
the other part, the Tustees, have accepted the receipt of which they do hereby
acknowledge, to hold the same in and to the Trustees with the powers and
obligations as provided hereinafter.
2. NAME
The name of the Trust shall be "____________________________".
3. PLACE
The principal office of the Trust shall be situated at ______________________ or
such other place as the Trustees may from time to time decide. The Trust may
also carry on its work at any other place or places, as decided by the Trustees.
4. OBJECTS
a. Educational – to run, maintain or assist any educational or other
institution for coaching, guidance, conselling or vocational training or to
grant individual scholarships for poor, deserving and needy students for
elementary and higher education.
b. Medical – to run, maintain or assist any medical institution, nursing
home or clinics or to grant assistance to needy and indigent persons for
meeting the cost of medical treatment.
c. Relief of the poor – to give financial or other assistance in kind by way
of distribution of books, notebooks, cloths, uniforms, or meals for the
poor and indigent and to the persons suffer due to natural calamities.
d. Other objects of general public utility –
i. to acquire property for the sole use for public good by making it
available for public purposes as for example, housing a library
clinic, crèche and/or as a community ball to be available for
public use as training classes, seminars, discourses and other
public functions for benefit of the community in general.
ii. to undertake any other activity incidental to the above activities
but which are not inconsistent with the above objects.
PROVIDED the Trust may assist/donate the other TRUST to carry out the
various objects mentioned in the objects clause in such manner and to the
extent the Trustees may decide upon from time to time.
5. FUNDS
The Trustees may accept donations, grants, subscriptions, aids or
contributions from any person, Government, Local authorities or any other
charitable institutions, in cash or in kind including immovable property without
any incumbrance, but the Trustees shall not accept any receipt with any
condition or terms inconsistent with the objects of the Trusts. While applying
such receipts to the objects, the Trustees shall respect the directions, if any,
by the granter. Any receipt with specific direction to treat the same as part of
the corpus of the Trust or separate fund shall be funded accordingly.
6. INVESTMENTS
i. All monies, which shall not immediately required for current needs shall
be invested by the Trustees in eligible securities and investments, or in
banks. Such investments shall be in the name of Trust or Trustees.
ii. That the trustees shall invest the trust fund, carry on any business with
the trust fund and/or enter into partnership on behalf of the trust, as
they may deem fit.
iii. That the trustees shall manage the trust fund and investments thereof
as a prudent man would do the same. They shall recover all
outstandings and meet all recurring and other expenses incurred in the
upkeep or management thereof.
iv. That the trustees shall receive and hold the income of the trust on
behalf and for the benefit of the beneficiaries under the trust.
POWER OF TRUSTEES
That the trustees shall have the following powers :
i. to manage all the assets and/or properties of the trust including the
conduct of business;
ii. to appoint employees and to settle the terms of their service,
remuneration and termination;
iii. to look into the management of the trust;
iv. to invest the funds of the trust, in bank or in the purchase of company
shares or securities or other movable and movable and immovable
properties;
v. to sell, alter, vary, transpose or otherwise dispose or alienate the trust
properties or any investment representing the same for consideration
and to reinvest the same;
vi. to pledge or mortgage the trust properties for raising loans;
vii. to open the bank accounts in the name and on behalf of the trust and
to operate the same;
viii. To enter into a partnership on behalf of the trust with any other party
or parties;
ix. To pay all charges, impositions and other outgoings payable in respect
of the trust properties and also to pay all cost of the incidental to the
administration and management of the trust properties;
x. To file suit on behalf of the trust and to refer to arbitration all actions
proceedings and disputes touching the trust properties and to
compromise and compound the suits filed;
xi. To accept any gift, donation or contribution in cash or in kind from
anyone for the objects of the trust;
xii. To seek legal opinion of lawyers and/or Chartered Accountants as and
when required;
xiii. To nominate their representatives for any of the aforesaid purposes.
The number of the trustees shall not be less than two but not more than five.
In case of any difference between the trustees, the opinion of the minority shall
prevail.
No trustee shall be responsible or liable for any loss or any act of omission or
commission by his constituted attorney or agent or employees or other
trustees unless occasioned by his wilful neglect or default.
Any of the trustees may retire on giving one month’s notice in writing to the other
trustee(s).
If any trustee dies or retires or becomes incapable or unfit to act, the continuing
or surviving trustee or trustees shall appoint a successor in the place of such
trustee.
If at any time the number of the trustees is less than two, the existing trustee
shall appoint one or more trustees.
Upon the appointment of a new trustee the trust properties shall vest in the new
trustee jointly with the continuing or surviving trustees, with the duties and
power of the trustees set out hereinabove in this deed.
If the trust is determined by efflux of time, the corpus of the trust shall be divided
amongst the beneficiaries in the shares as fixed by the trusees.
BANKING ACCOUNT
All income, subscription and pecuniary donations for the general purposes of
the Trust and the income, investments and all other moneys from time to time
forming part of the general revenue of the Trust shall on the same being
received be paid into a banking account with any scheduled bank for the
purpose of the Trust. The bank accounts shall be operated by the Managing
Trustee along with any one of the remaining Trustees.
IRREVOCABLE
This Trust is irrevocable.
AMALGAMATION
The trustees may amalgamate the trust with another Charitable Trust or
Institution having similar objects with prior permission of the Charity
Commissioner/Court/any other law as may be applicable for the time being.
WINDING UP
In the event of dissolution or winding up of the Trust the assets remaining as
on the date of dissolution shall under no circumstances be distributed amongst
the Trustees but the same shall be transferred to some other similar
Trust/Organisation whose objects are similar to those of this Trust with the
permission of the Charity Commissioner / Court / any other law as may be
applicable for the time being.
The Trustees shall be indemnified against all losses and liabilities incurred by them in
the execution of the Trust and shall have a lien over the funds and properties of the
Trust for such indemnity.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, The Parties hereunto have signed and delivered the presents
on the day and year first hereinabove written.
SETTLOR
1. 2. TRUSTEE ____________
2. 3. TRUSTEE ____________
Form of Application for Registration of a Public Trust
Schedule II (Vide Rule 6)
To
The Deputy/Assistant Charity Commissioner,
Court Fee ............................................................................ Region/Sub-Region
Stamp In the matter of Public Trust* ..............................................................
of Rs. 2/- .......................................................................................................
2.
3.
(viii) Sources of income of the trust.
(ix) Average gross annual income:– 1. From Movable:–
2. From
Immovable:–
(x) Average annual expenditure
(xi) Amount of average annual expenditure:–
(a) on remuneration to trustees and manager ..
(b) on establishment and staff ..
(c) on religious objects ..
(d) on charitable objects ..
(e) on miscellaneous items ..
(xii) Particulars of encumbrances, if any on trust
Property –
(xiii) Particulars of title deeds pertaining to trust
property and the names of trustees in possession
thereof –
(xiv) Remarks, if any –
3. Fees of Rs............................../- (...............................................) accompanies
4. Any communication to the trustee or manager in connection with the trust, may
be sent to the following address :–
Name .......................................................
Address ....................................................
...............................................................
Date ................. Signature of Applicant.................
I, the above named ............................................. inhabitant residing
at ......................................... do solemnly affirm and say that what is stated in the
above application is true to the best of my information and belief.
CONSENT LETTER
To
Shri .................................................................................................................................
.............
(Name of Applicant)
For Charitable
Institution/Association/Trust ........................................................................... have
applied for registration under B.P.T. Act, 1950, on .................................... The
information provided in the application are true, we have not to say anything more
than that. We state that a separate notice for the details of the said application is no
more necessary. We have no objection for the issue of Registration Certificate in the
name of applicant. Please note that.
Date :
To
Dear Sir,
I request you to kindly register the aforesaid society under the Societies Registration
Act, 1860. I forward herewith to you the following documents.
1. Memorandum of Association
2. True copy of Rules and Regulations
3. Consent letters of all the members of Managing Committee
4. Authority letter duly signed by all the members of Managing Committee
5. An Affidavit of the President or Secretary in respect of the address and
property of the society duly stamped together with the Court Fee Stamp of Rs.
1.25
6. A declaration given by Managing Committee assuring the use of the fund of
the society for the purpose for which they are collected
I further declare that the object, of the captioned society are in consonance with
Section 20 of the Societies Registration Act, 1860 and that no other society exists,
having the same or similar name to the name of the captioned society. I also declare
that the captioned society is not registered under any other law and that I am
agreeable to pay the registration charges of Rs. 50/-.
In view of aforesaid, I request you to register the aforesaid society immediately under
the captioned Act.
Yours faithfully,
Encls: As aforesaid.
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
I know the aforesaid persons who have signed this Memorandum in my presence.
Date : Sign/S.E.M./Advocate/C.A./Notary
Full Name & Address with seal.
CERTIFICATE
1.
2.
3.
Place :
Date :
Note: Minimum three office bearers should certify.
CONSENT LETTER
To
Dear Sir,
Yours faithfully,
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
(to be signed by the office bearers of the Managing Committee)
Place :
Date :
(S.E.M./Advocate/C.A./Notary)
Full Name, Address & Seal.
To
Dear Sir,
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Accepted
Place : (One who accepts the Signature with Date)
Date :
To
The Chief Commissioner or Commissioner of Income-tax,
................................
Sir,
I, ..................................................... on behalf
of ..............................................................
(Name of the trust or institution)
hereby apply for the registration of the said trust/institution under section 12A of the
Income-tax Act, 1961. The following particulars are furnished herewith:–
(1) (a) *Original/certified copy of the instrument under which the trust/institution was
created/established, together with a copy thereof.
(b) *Original/certified copy of the document evidencing the creation of the trust
or the establishment of the institution, together with a copy thereof.
(The originals if enclosed will be returned)
(2) Two copies of the accounts of the *trust/institution for the latest *one/two/three
years
I undertake to communicate forthwith any alteration in the terms of the trust, or in
the rules governing the institution, made at any time hereafter.
Signature..........................
Date .......................... Designation..........................
Address..........................
Form FC-1
[Sections 5(1) and 5(2)(a) of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976]
b.
Name in full (in block letters)
c.
Name of father
d.
Occupation
e.
Residential address
f.
If an office bearer, the office held in the organisation
Reference of the order published by the Central Government in the Official
Gazette specifying the organisation as an "organisation of political nature, not
being a political party".
Nature and full details of contribution including value, to be received.
The mode/channel of receipt.
Purpose for which foreign contribution is proposed to be received.
Particulars of the foreign source from which contribution to be received:
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the above particulars furnished by me are true and correct.
Signature of the applicant
Place ........................
Date .........................
Note : In case of application by an organisation, it should be signed by the chief
functionary.
1
[Form FC-1A
Application for seeking prior permission from the Central Government under
the
Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976 (Hereinafter referred to as the
Act)
for the acceptance of foreign contribution by an Association having definite
cultural, economic, educational, religious or social programme
Date ..................
No. ...................
To
Not If a religious Association, then state whether (a) Hindu (b) Sikh
e: (C) Muslim (d) Christian (e) Buddhist (f) Others.
iv. Please indicate the main aims(s) and object(s) of the Association
(enclose copy of the Memorandum of Association and/or the Articles of
Association, if applicable).
v. Please furnish the names and addresses of the members of the
Executive Committee/Governing Council etc. of the Association
including the Chief Functionary, in the following manner:
0. whether the Association ever applied for registration under the Act in
the past, if so,
a. the date of submission of application for registration;
b. the number and date of last reference, if any, received from the
Ministry;
c. whether registration was refused;
d. whether the application for registration is still pending;
i. whether the Association has close links with another Association, or its
unit or branch which has been
a. refused registration under the Act,
b. prohibited from accepting foreign contribution.
2. Please indicate,—
0. whether the Association was,—
a. granted prior permission to receive foreign contribution under
the Act in the past. If so, the number and date of the letter
granting prior permission should be furnished;
b. whether the account of the receipt and utilisation of the foreign
contribution received above was sent to the Central Government
in the prescribed form. If so, the date of submission of the
accounts should be furnished;
c. If the prior permission was granted in the current year, details of
the foreign contribution received and utilised, purposewise,
showing the unspent balance should be annexed.
i. whether the Association has received foreign contribution without the
prior permission of the Central Government, in the past. If so, –
a. full particulars of the foreign contribution received, address of
the branch of the bank and account number in which deposited
should be furnished;
b. whether the said violation has been condoned by the Central
Government;
c. whether the Association has been prohibited from accepting
foreign contribution under the Act.
3. Please indicate whether the Associations is owner/printer/publisher, editor of a
publication which is a "registered newspaper" under the Press and Registration
of Books Act, 1867.
4. Please furnish—
0. details of the activities of the Association during the past three – years;
i. Copies of the audited statement of accounts of the Association for the
past three years.
5. i. Please indicate the—
0. the name of the bank and address of the branch through which the
foreign contribution is proposed to be received;
i. the account number in the said branch of the bank.
Please indicate the particulars of the foreign source or the sources from which, the
foreign contribution is proposed to be received:—
11. Any other information which the Association may like to furnish.
Yours faithfully,
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the above particulars furnished by me are true and correct.
Place:
Date :
1. This is to certify that the ................. (name of the Association having its
registered office at .............. (Address) has been formed for undertaking
welfare activities in its chosen (Economic, Educational, Cultural, Religious and
Social) field of activity. The antecedents of the organisation have been verified
and there is nothing adverse against them.
2. Its proposed project would be undertaken in the ............ (District ) of ............
(State).
The said project is likely to prove beneficial to the people living in the area.
3. Grant of prior permission to the aforementioned association to accept foreign
contribution amounting to ........... (Currency/Amount) from ........ (Name and
address foreign donor) under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976
for the said project is recommended.
(Recommending Authority)**
(With Seal)
1
[Form FC-2
DECLARATION
Form FC -8
[Rule 3A)
No................... Date..............
To
ii. Whether the Association ever applied for registration under the Foreign
Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976, if so, —
a. the date of submission of application for registration;
b. the number and date of the last communication, if any, received
from the Ministry;
c. whether registration was refused;
d. whether application for registration is till pending
iii. whether the Association has close links with another association, or its
unit or branch which has been —
a. refused registration under the Act;
b. prohibited from accepting foreign contribution
Please furnish,—
ii. details of the activities of the Association during the past three years,
iii. copies of the audited statement of accounts of the Association for the
past three years.
iv. details of the area(s) of operation.
Please indicate whether the Association has been specified as an organisation of a
political nature, not being a political party, under section 5 of the Act. If so, the
details of the notification should be furnished.
Please indicate,—
ii. the name and address of the branch of the bank through which the
foreign contribution shall be received;
iii. Please specify the account number in the said branch of the bank.
10. Any other information which the Association may like to furnish.
Yours faithfully,
Chief Functionary for and on behalf of the Association (Name of Association)
The Association named hereinabove affirms that the information furnished above is
correct and undertakes:—
i. to inform the Central Government (Ministry of Home Affairs) within thirty days,
if any, change takes place in regard to the name of the Association, its
address, its registration, its nature, its aims and objects with documentary
evidence effecting the change;
ii. to obtain prior permission for change of office bearer(s), if, at any point of time
such change causes replacement of 50% or more of the office bearers as were
mentioned in the application for registration under the Foreign Contribution
(Regulation) Act, 1976 and undertakes further not to accept any foreign
contributions except with prior permission till the permission to replace the
office-bearer(s) has been granted;
iii. not to change the bank or branch of the bank without prior permission of the
Central Government. The reasons for change of bank or branch of the bank
shall have to be relevant and justifiable; and
iv. not to accept any foreign contribution unless it has obtained either the
registration number, as applied for hereinabove, or prior permission of the
Central Government under sub-section (1A) of section 6 of the Foreign
Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976.
(Chief Functionary)
for and on behalf of the Association (Name of the Association)
Note :
1[Certificate
** (Recommending Authority)
(With Seal)
I. Memorandum of Association is
1. Name of the Company is ______
2. The Registered office of the Co. will be situated in the state of
_____________
3. Objects
a. Main objects of the Co. to be perused on incorporation.
b. Objects incidential or ancillary to the attainment of the main
objects
c. Other objects if any.
4. The objects of the Co. extend to the whole of India and all other
countries of the world.
5. Distribution of Income and Property of Company.
6. Alteration of MOA & AOA.
7. Liability of the members is limited.
8. Contribution of members in the event of winding up.
9. Accounts and Audit.
10. Distribution of surplus amount on winding up.
Place :
Date :
a. Interpretation
b. Members including appointment and cessation
c. Annual Budget and Subscription
d. Copies of Memorandum & Articles to be sent to members
e. Borrowing powers
f. Meeting of members
g. Meeting of Board of Directors
h. Minutes
i. Registers
j. Powers of Board of Directors
k. Remuneration to Directors
l. Administration
m. The Seal
n. Books and Documents
o. Accounts and Balance Sheets
p. Audit
q. Documents and Notices
r. Indemnity
s. Winding up.
Place :
Date :
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